Ref. No. 648/2010 Duration: 1 year Date Started: Oct 15, 2010 Date Ended: Dec. 30, 2011 HUMANITARIAN AID IN FAVOR OF THE FLOOD VICTIMS IN PAKISTAN 2/13/2012 CtF Pakistan Mission 2010 - 2011 This is a final report of the CTF project in the three Catholic dioceses of Pakistan in response to the needs of the flood victims in 2010. The project revolves around the five areas of intervention: emergency relief, rehabilitation (shelter), livelihood support, access to water, and formation.
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Ref. No. 648/2010
Duration: 1 year Date Started: Oct 15, 2010
Date Ended: Dec. 30, 2011 HUMANITARIAN AID IN
FAVOR OF THE FLOOD
VICTIMS IN PAKISTAN
2/13/2012 CtF Pakistan Mission 2010 - 2011
This is a final report of the CTF project in the three Catholic dioceses of Pakistan in response to the needs of the flood victims in 2010. The project revolves around the five areas of intervention: emergency relief, rehabilitation (shelter), livelihood support, access to water, and formation.
HUMANITARIAN AID IN FAVOR OF THE FLOOD VICTIMS IN PAKISTAN
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HUMANITARIAN AID IN FAVOR OF THE FLOOD VICTIMS IN
PAKISTAN
C T F P A K I S T A N M I S S I O N 2 0 1 0 - 2 0 1 1
E X E C U T I V E S U M M A R Y
The 2010 Pakistan floods began in July 2010 following the heavy monsoon rains in the
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh, Punjab and Balochistan regions of Pakistan. Present estimates
indicate that over two thousand people have died and over a million homes have been
destroyed since the flooding began.
Approximately one-fifth (1/5) of Pakistan's total land area was underwater due to the
flooding. At least 1,588 people have been injured, 222,600 houses and 4,600 villages have been
damaged or destroyed. The devastating floods brought severe impact on an already vulnerable
population. In addition to all the other damages the floods have caused, floodwaters have
destroyed much of the health care infrastructure in the worst-affected areas, leaving
inhabitants especially vulnerable to water-borne disease; it destroyed also the farms, crops and
deaths of their livestock (buffalos, cows, goats, sheep, etc.) which are the main source of
livelihood of the people, thus leaving them uncertain of their future. Unfortunately, another
wave of floods have swept recently (October 2011) in the province of Sindh that left some
homeless.
The Ministers of the Infirm (Camillians) through Fondazione PROSA (Camillian NGO) has
been giving assistance to social projects in the Catholic parish of Jhang District (Diocese of
Faisalabad) since 2006. PROSA has sent also the first assistance to the flood victims in the said
district. Then, in October 2010, the Camillian Task Force (CTF) team went to Pakistan and
conducted assessment (transit visit, interviews, focus group discussion) and needs analysis of
some places heavily affected by the flood in the three dioceses of Multan, Faisalabad, and
Hyderabad. (cf. Fig. 2, Appendix). Eight (8) villages were identified and coordinated for the
emergency intervention programs. The CTF has extended its efforts to assist the new flood
affectees of Sindh province last October 2011.
Based on the needs analysis conducted by the CTF team, the following programs were
identified, approved by CEI for funding and implemented from October 2010 –December 2011:
HUMANITARIAN AID IN FAVOR OF THE FLOOD VICTIMS IN PAKISTAN
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1. SHELTER: To reconstruct and repair damaged houses; and to distribute winter package
(thick blankets, jersey, etc.) and sanitary kit per family. Under this scheme, houses were
built, reconstructed or repaired in the dioceses of Hyderabad and Multan;
2. HEALTH CARE: To address the possible outbreak of certain diseases such as dengue,
malaria and cholera through medical services, hygiene and sanitation programs. Under
this scheme, medical missions were conducted in the various settlements and
evacuation camps of the internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Hyderabad.
3. POTABLE WATER SUPPLY: To build a water purification plant in order to provide potable
water supply to the inhabitants. Under this scheme, a water purification plant was
constructed and installed in the village of Khusphur, dioecese of Faisalabad;
4. LIVELIHOOD: To generate initial capital for farm inputs and create alternative livelihood
and other job opportunities particularly in places where water is still standing in the
fields. Under this scheme, farm inputs were distributed to the farmers of Kott Addu;
5. FORMATION: To conduct workshop seminar on Pastoral Care in Emergency to
humanitarian workers particularly among Caritas personnel and CTF volunteers. Under
this scheme, a workshop seminar was conducted by the CTF to Caritas personnel and
volunteers of Pakistan.
Since the Camillian Task Force (CTF) has no physical based (established mission) in
Pakistan, it primarily worked in collaboration with the local Church through the bishops of the
three dioceses mentioned, Caritas Pakistan (national and diocesan offices), NGOs and the
religious congregations present in the area. It organized also a local group of volunteers in the
diocese of Hyderabad called the “Friends of St. Camillus”, tapped the parish development team
of Khusphur in the diocese of Hyderabad and established a joint effort activities (livelihood and
housing) with the Justice and Peace Commission (JPC) of the religious in the diocese of Multan.
The CTF mission to Pakistan has left a significant impact in the mission and ministry of
the Church in an Islamic country. The evangelical message has permeated in some remote
communities of Hindu, Christian and Muslim through acts of charity, and critical and healthy
collaboration with people of different ethnic and religious belief. It created an occasion of
pulling together the meager resources (human and material) of the community and put it
together for a common cause. It brought to light also the fragilities of the communities in terms
of structural – political conduct (leadership) and the organizational practices. This created a
challenge to the community that stirred them to dialogue and find ways of resolving pertinent
and urgent issues in the community.
The project was originally scheduled to be completed in one year from October 2010 –
November 2011. However, due to the an expected calamity (flood) which hit again in the same
district of Kotri last October and the request of the communities affected, the CTF had decided
to extend it until December 2011. The main focus of this intervention was more on distributing
non-food items (winter packages and medicines) to the affected families. The CTF has
distributed these packages in December 2011 together with the help of our volunteers in the
diocese of Hyderabad.
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METHODOLOGY
The methodology used by CTF during the assessment phase are the following: transit
visit, formal and informal interviews, focus group discussion and gender participation. The
transit visit was conducted through the collaboration of the Caritas personnel, JPC activists and
volunteers, men and women religious congregations and local NGO personnel. They were the
preferred partners since all of them are working in the territory and have sufficient knowledge
of the local culture. Formal and informal interviews were done among the inhabitants and
leaders in the district of Khushphur, Muzzafragarh, Kotri, Jamshoro, and Thatta, and the various
organizations who have been working in those areas. A focus group discussion (FGD) was also
conducted in some villages
allowing the populace to
participate in the planning and
implementation of the project.
There had been challenges
in involving women in the
discussion and implementation of
the project except in some
Christian communities. A big
success is the participation of the
women in the diocese of
Hyderabad. The Friends of St.
Camillus was organized in the
diocese of Hyderabad with
sufficient participation of women.
They were organized as volunteers who accompanied in the various medical camps conducted
in the said diocese. They helped also in the distribution of the relief goods through the
coordination of the Holy Family sisters. The religious missionaries of the Franciscan and
Dominican families, Columban and Holy Family sisters were very instrumental in the
Fr. Mushtaq and the women IDPs in the camp
Caritas personnel & CTF volunteers attending the conference
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implementation of the projects. Caritas (national and diocesan) organizations have provided as
with personnel, logistics and information. From this experience, the CTF’s partnership with
Caritas National came about. It developed into a long term partnership by developing together
a formation program for their personnel and other interested parties in the field of
psychosocial, emotional, and spiritual support in disaster capped us Pastoral Care in
Emergencies. A memorandum of understanding (MOU) was signed as a concrete token of this
partnership.
Thus, collaboration and networking became the key to success which gave way to a long
term partnership not only with Caritas but with the local churches. The support of the local
ordinaries and the parish priests became the fulcrum that keeps the “momentum” in the
implementation of the projects.
PROJECT RATIONALE AND GOAL
The projects (5) were implemented in the three dioceses on the grounds of the clear and
present needs of the areas identified and the resources (human and material) of the
stakeholders (CTF, as the primary actor and the collaborators) involved. Its primary goal is to
deliver immediate help to the communities affected by the flood to recover from such
miserable condition of their lives. The flood affectees have been in this condition not only
during the flood but even before and after due to extreme poverty and depravation (social,
political and economic). The secondary goal is to help local partners to take on the responsibility
of monitoring and sustaining the communities concerned right after the immediate
intervention. The CTF has been encouraging them to plan and to propose long term programs in
the line of health and development. An initiative has been developing already in Khusphur
through a local NGO - Organization for Cooperation and Development (OCD) that operates in
the area mentioned. Another initiative is in Kotri where the Friends of St. Camillus has been
organizing basic health education seminars in the villages.
BENEFICIARIES
Hindu women of Kotri
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A total of 2,048 families and 2,050 individuals had benefited from the various projects
(first 4) implemented in the three (3) dioceses of Pakistan, namely, Faisalabad, Multan and
Hyderabad. Of the total number of beneficiaries, 20 families had received the farm inputs (Kott
Addu), 53 had their houses reconstructed (Kotri & Muzzafragar), 1 dispensary was rehabilitated
(Shorkot), 675 had received the winter packages and sanitary kits (Kotri, ), 1,300 families had
benefited the supply of potable water (Khusphur), and 2,050 individuals had received medical
treatment and attention (Kotri, Jamshoro). (cf. Fig. 3, Appendix)
AREAS OF INTERVENTION
Five areas of intervention were identified and implemented, namely, shelter, health care,
potable water supply, livelihood and formation.
1. Shelter, clothing and sanitary kits
Most of the original houses in the villages were made of mud, bamboo sticks and reeds
which could hardly bear any strong
floods. These materials are economically
affordable and available in the area itself.
During the consultation with the
beneficiaries, majority of them chose to
use the same material, however,
fashioned and prepared in different way.
They formed bricks out of mud; used
steel girder as beams; and built the
foundation deeper than the usual. The
CTF had provided the raw materials and
the labor was by the community. The
volunteers assisted and monitored the
progress of the construction with the
supervision of a CTF member.
This method of working has
revealed the strength of the community
which led to the discovery of leadership
qualities of some members in the
community. However, there is still
remain a big hindrance to their
development, i.e., their legal rights to the
land. They live at the mercy and
exploitation of their landlords. This is
indeed a real challenge for development.
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In the other communities where resources (human) are limited, the local partner
organization has tapped the help of a local contractor. A raw house scheme was designed with
the basic facilities such as living room, kitchen and bathroom. The finishing touches of these
houses were relegated to the recipient as a counterpart to the project. However, these houses
were awarded only to those who have legal land titles or at least land rights. This is to ensure
permanency and future development of the community.
A total of 49 houses were built by
the CTF. The houses built were indeed a
big relief to the precarious situation of the
people. Moreover, it was not only the
physical structure that was rebuilt but also
the internal structure of the community
was reinforced and strengthened. For
them, the project has become a sign of
hope to their daily life struggle. It became
also a point of reflection of the major
stakeholders of the project on what more
can be done to ensure authentic human
development.
One dispensary in Shorkot was rehabilitated. It was damaged by the flood which sent
hundreds of families to travel far distances to satisfy their healthcare needs. The dispensary
caters the healthcare needs of the sugar cane growers (700+ families) in the village of
Francisabad and nearby villages. It is managed by the Dominican Sisters of Siena.
A total of 595 families had received the winter packages (quilt, jersey, caps, mufflers)
and sanitary kits (soap, alcohol, off-lotion, etc.) in different communities of the district of Kotri.
These are families who are non-beneficiaries of the housing reconstruction package. Most of
them, especially the children, were exposed to the harsh climate condition where temperature
during winter (December – February) went down to four (4) degree Celsius and below.
2. Health Care Delivery
The CTF had conducted ten (10)
medical camps in the district of Kotri and
other places. The team was headed by a
lady Hindu doctor together with volunteer
nurses from a nursing school in Karachi
and Hyderabad. A female physician is very
important in this mission since women are
not comfortable with male physician. The
team was able to check up and treat 2,050
Holy Family sisters distributing winter packages
packages
Medical mission in Francisabad, Shorkot
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patients where great majority of them were women and children. Medicines and vitamins were
given for free. Aside from medical treatment, the team gave also attention to health education
particularly to mothers, children and pregnant women.
The chief complaints of the patients were skin diseases (scabies, itch, allergy, rashes),
water-born diseases (gastro-enteritis, diarrhea), fever, cough, eyes, ear, nose and throat
infections. Many of them have complained of general weakness due to stress and sleepless
nights.
The members of the team were not only prepared with scientific and technical skills but
they were also prepared with pastoral healthcare skills. A training on pastoral healthcare was
conducted by the CTF Pakistan mission local coordinator. The team was equipped with a
consciousness of holistic approach to healthcare. They did not only give medicines to patients
but learned to listen to their painful and heartbreaking stories. They offered psycho-spiritual,
emotional and social assistance by listening and journeying with the IDPs (internally displaced
persons). The experience became a great learning experience of the team. They learned to be
more patient and enduring, a virtue which sometimes is hard to be found.
A follow up medical camp in five villages identified was conducted two months after the
first camp. This is due to some pertinent cases observed that need further attention.
Meanwhile, a basic health education was conducted by the Friends of St. Camillus with the
collaboration of Caritas Hyderabad.
3. Access to Potable Water Supply
The provision of potable water supply in Khusphur village was a deliberate choice of the
CTF among the villages that need such facility. The program of providing a water purification
plant (that can purify 20 gallons of water per minute) and a water (purified) reservoir with a
capacity of 10,000 gallons came after a series of technical preparations. The preparation
evolved in three steps: community consultation, review of scientific articles regarding health
situation of Pakistan, and the conduct of laboratory water analysis.
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BLESSING OF THE WATER PURIFICATION FACILITY BY MONS. JOSEPH COUTTS
The community consultation was conducted by the St. Fidelis’ Parish Development
Committee headed by the parish priest. This committee was primarily formed to address the
problem of those families whose houses were destroyed due to heavy rains. The result of the
consultation was further verified by the research done and consultation with some government
sanitary personnel on the overall health situation of Pakistan in that particular district.
According to records and survey, the prevalent illness and chief complaint of the community is
water-borne disease. There is a high percentage of cases of Hepatitis B & C among the
populace. This has been aggravated by the contamination to the main water supply of the
community by the floodwaters. Then, a water analysis was conducted by two different
laboratories (public and private) to determine the condition of the water. The results had shown
a high concentration of solid particles and salt in the water and is not advisable for human
consumption. There is also a big probability of the presence of certain harmful bacteria.
After all these processes, the purchase of the water purifier which has a reverse osmosis
facility and the construction of the plant were started. The development committee (KDC)
oversaw the construction of the facility.
All materials and supplies were purchased
locally. The plant has been in operation
since October 2011. Its operation is taken
over by a local partner NGO –
Organization for Community Development
(OCD) after a formal agreement (MOA)
has been entered with the CTF.
At present, the project aims to
continue by moving towards health
promotion and awareness education. The
OCD is now studying and preparing a
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project proposal that will comprehensively address the health problem of the community. The
provision of a potable water supply was only an entry point towards developing a long-term
project for health and development.
4. Livelihood
Kott Addu is one of the villages that was devastated by the flood in the district of
Muzzafragar. Damage to properties and plants were evident. This is a Hindu community of
about thirty-five (35) families working as cotton, sugar cane, and wheat growers. They have
only few animals (goats, sheep, buffalos) left. They live close to the southern section of the
Indus river, thus prone to flood. They don’t receive much help from the government because
they are a minority– discriminated, except from some Christian organization and churches. They
are also tied up to debts lent by the money lenders and their landlords. Their big problem was
the rehabilitation of the fields and the capital to start anew for the next wheat planting season
(January-February).
The main goal of this project is to help the farmers augment their source of income
through providing farm inputs and learning new skills and technologies to hurdle with the harsh
environment that they are now experiencing. This assistance has enabled the farmers to catch
up with the planting season and be able to harvest above subsistent level.
The implementation of the project was directly under the supervision of the CTF through
the help of Caritas of Multan and the Justice and Peace Commission of Pakistan (JPC). The
community leader was in-charged of organizing and getting the list of beneficiaries, and
canvassing of prices of the farm inputs such as seeds, fertilizers and pesticides. He was also
tasked to monitor and give report to the CTF regarding the progress of the project after the
harvest season. Out of the original thirty-five (35) families targeted, twenty (20) had received
farm inputs since the other families were dependents of the identified twenty (20) families
beneficiary.
Hindus of Kott Addu received the farm inputs
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5. Formation on Pastoral Care in Emergencies
It has been observed by the CTF after a month of doing assessment that, most of the
assistance rendered to the flood victims were focused on the provision of their immediate
material needs such as food, water, shelter and healthcare. Less attention was given to the
psycho-emotional, social and spiritual interventions. Most of the victims were mentally and
psychologically disturbed in various degrees. Much psychological disturbance (provoked by
stress and helplessness) were noticed among women who were deprived of venues or
occasions wherein they could express their fears, strong emotion of uncertainties and their
desires and opinions, due to certain cultural limits.
The CTF had organized an eight-day workshop training seminar on Pastoral Health Care
in Emergencies in the dioceses of Hyderabad and Multan. PHC in Emergencies is a module
developed by the CTF that incorporates the psycho-medical approach with the pastoral
approach in handling problems related to mental health provoked or aggravated by a chaotic
situation due to natural or man-made disasters, especially among children and women. This is a
holistic approach to giving and establishing psycho-social support to victims of calamities. The
workshop was divided into two sessions: a] lecture on fundamentals of PHC in Emergencies and
b] the skills building for emergency caregivers.
The primary target of this workshop were the CTF local volunteers and the personnel of
Caritas Pakistan representing from the seven (7) dioceses. Fifty-four (54) participants have
completed the first module. The workshop was facilitated by a psychologist, child psychiatrist
and a priest. The second module was scheduled last October, however, due to visa problem, it
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was reset to early next year. The next module will focus on skills building and techniques on
how to approach victims of disasters and build community support. This training is not directed
to diagnosing mental health cases but to mitigate or prevent situation of mental health problem
through building strong community support and referral system in case of evident mental
health issues.
The program is sustained by an agreement entered into with Caritas National (Pakistan)
and the partnership that has been built over the months during the immediate intervention and
rehabilitation phases of the CTF humanitarian intervention activities in the southern part of
Pakistan (Punjab and Sindh).
FINANCIAL RESOURCES
The project has been primarily financed by the Episcopal Conference of Italy (CEI)
through the Commission for Charitable Interventions in favor of the Third World with an
amount of seventy-thousand euro (70,000.00 EUR) or (92,250.00 USD). Other contributions
came from our non-profit organizations such as PROSA, Milan and SOS-DRS, USA, from the
various Camillian Provinces and delegations, individual benefactors and the CTF Central for
administrative expenses. The local contributions were labor force and logistics.
All materials and supplies were purchased locally. This allowed the local economy to
recover from the losses that it sustained and the resumption of the normal economic activity.
The project has contributed also to the generation of short term job contracts especially among
farmers and laborers whose income is heavily dependent on agricultural activities.
The original budget was 115,250.00 USD. The actual overall cost of the five projects has
amounted to 99,891.00 USD (76,839.23 euro) excluding the administration expenses and the
transportation costs sustained by the CTF staff from Rome. The exchange rate was based on the
rate of November 2010 which is 1USD to 84 PKR or (1EUR to 109.20PKR). Some adjustments
were made in the original plan due to changing situations and needs during the course of the
implementation. (cf. Fig. 1, Appendix).
SOCIAL IMPACT AND FUTURE CHALLENGES
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Our humanitarian mission to the people of Pakistan in the southern region has brought
great relief to the precarious situation of the internally displaced people (IDPs). Our presence
and the help extended have revitalized their frail hopes for a brighter future. This hope evolves
from this unwanted experience of being displaced in their own land due to the flood.
The flood opened up several wounds that were unexpected. Aside from the physical
wounds sustained by the IDPs, social, political and spiritual wounds were exposed. Many of
them live in small communities of 20 – 25 families particularly among the Hindus and some
Muslim and Christian communities in the remote villages. The cohesiveness of the community
was distorted and personal conflicts inevitably succeeded. The attention given to vested interest
provoked by envy and material depravation over community’s welfare became the rule of the
day. Survival is the name of the game they played. The fragility of their leaders became also
evident and mistrust of their constituents was the prevailing effect. This is not only true among
the civil leaders but also of the Church’s as well. Their grief and sorrows turned out into a real
cry to the highest one or divine whom they believed have punished them. In other words, the
physical, social, political and spiritual pain rendered them vehemently powerless and hopeless.
They harbored these pains not only during and after the flood but even before because of their
social condition of extreme poverty, violence and discrimination.
Because of this, the approach adopted by the Camillian Task Force (CTF) was
participatory. From the assessment up to the implementation phases, the involvement of the
community of beneficiaries and other people’s organizations as stakeholders of the project
became the path towards the success of the projects. It occasioned also the participation of
women in the consultation and implementation process in certain places. It healed the inner
wounds through symbolic acts of concern and reconciliation. It made the community to
distinguish who are the authentic leaders and discover the potentials of potential leader/s and
emerging forms of leadership. The presence of outsiders (humanitarian missioners) in their
communities became a challenge to them to reunite and to care for those members who are
less attended or ignored like the elderly and women.
On the other hand, it became an occasion for the CTF as well as with other organizations
that were involved, to sharpen their methodologies and strategies especially in the aspect of
their familiarity, sensitivity and respect to ethnic cultures. Here, familiarity was not only gained
through magnificent literatures studied but through interpersonal dialogue with the IDPs, a
hands on experience of the humanitarian workers.
Another notable impact is the spontaneous formation of a stable group of young
volunteers (e.g. Friends of St. Camillus) who were immersed into the situation and involved into
the implementation of the projects. The building of better form of partnership in a more stable
manner with various local stakeholders (e.g., Caritas, Khusphur Development Committee (KDC),
Organization for Community Development (OCD), Justice and Peace Commission (JPC), parish
youth organization, etc.). was in placed as a fruit of their reflection on how to sustain the
beneficiary communities.
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Despite great success, the challenges ahead are already foreseen. While it is true that
the seed of hope was planted in the ground of the IDPs, but it needs to grow and bear much
fruit for the community and for others. The relief operations or humanitarian interventions are
not enough to assure them of a better future. There is a new challenge to sustain them through
community development programs and measures. Poverty reduction and disaster risk
mitigation could be an interesting venture in this area. Proper care and intervention of the
people’s mental health condition especially to the victims of calamities is often given less
attention by humanitarian actors. Studies shown that, the cognitive and affective aspects of the
person are often destructed and distorted after calamities. It is then desirable to invest on this
aspect since the probability of a long-term and real recovery from this traumatic experience
depends on the mental health condition of the people.
= = = = = = = = = = = =
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APPINDEX
Fig. 1 Notes on Budgetary Adjustments
1. There have been a 400% increase of expenses on the winter packages because CTF has
decided to extend the distribution of the packages in November and December 2011 among
the flood affectees of the Diocese of Hyderabad. This is due to the request of the
communities affected during the recent flood that hit the area late last year.
2. There was also an increase (100%) of expenses in the installation of the water purification
plant in Khusphur due to the delay of its implementation caused by the long process of
securing legal permission, untoward organizational difficulties and miscalculation of the
budget estimate. The work had started in January 2011 instead of November 2010 as
scheduled, and the price of the materials went up already.
3. From the budget plan of the water purification plant, several items were combined together
such as the construction of the room for the plant and the communitarian labor (labor) and
the construction materials and electrical supplies (materials).
4. The had been a reduction (83%) of expenses of the livelihood project due to the reduction
of the number of beneficiaries. From the original target of 36 families, only 20 had qualified
to receive the farm inputs and technical supervision after a thorough assessment of the
beneficiaries. The remaining 16 families were not really tillers of the land but seasonal
workers of the farm tilled by the 20 recipient families.
5. There was also an increase (100%) of expenses in the pastoral formation seminars due to an
increase in the number of participants and demand for such training. The trainings were
conducted in two different places for the convenience of the participants who were coming
from the seven dioceses of Pakistan.
Fig. 2 Geographical Coverage
HUMANITARIAN AID IN FAVOR OF THE FLOOD VICTIMS IN PAKISTAN