SCHOOL SCHOOL SCHOOL SCHOOL OF OF OF OF ARCHITECTURE, ARCHITECTURE, ARCHITECTURE, ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING BUILDING BUILDING BUILDING AND AND AND AND DESIGN DESIGN DESIGN DESIGN BACHELOR BACHELOR BACHELOR BACHELOR OF OF OF OF QUANTITY QUANTITY QUANTITY QUANTITY SURVEYING SURVEYING SURVEYING SURVEYING (HONOURS) (HONOURS) (HONOURS) (HONOURS) Construction Technology 1 (QSB 1514 / BLD60104) Group Assignment - No. Name Student ID 1 Chua Jia Cheng 0315160 2 Tan Chuu Yee 0315097 3 Tan Kai Sin 0315213 4 Tan Wen Hao 0313690 5 Wong Yun Shi 0315225
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The foundation of Surimas Condominium is pile foundation. Pile foundation is a type of
strong and deep foundation. Suriamas Condominium is located at Bandar Sunway which is
formerly a tin-mining area. ( Chakra, n.d. ) The type of soil is non cohesive. It is medium
textured sandy soil which is low bearing capacity. Pile Foundation is used in this project because
the pile can transmits the load deeper into the subsoil where denser material can be found, and
the capacity is grater, so it can prevent collapse, uplift and able to support high load, for example,
16 stores. ( Northumbria University, n.d. )
Next, the type of piles used by Surimas Condominium is precast reinforced concrete piles.
Precast reinforced concrete pile is used in this building because it is durable than timber pile.
Concrete pile is also waterproof and stable in squeezing ground, for example, soft clay. Besides,
concrete pile is corrosion resistance while timber pile easy to decay by insect or water. Precast
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concrete pile is chosen because save time and cast in place concrete pile has limited length. ( The
Constructor, 2012 )
Moreover, end bearing pile is chosen for Surimas Condominium. In this case, the pile will act
as the column, the pile will be driven into ground, penetrate dense sand or gravel until the
bedrock. The load will transmit through the pile and supported by the bedrock. Friction pile
cannot be used in this case because, it obtains its support by skin friction which is usually
embedded in cohesive soil wich usually is firm clay. ( The Construction Civil, 2012 ) However,
the type of soil of Surimas Condominium is non cohesive soil. Therefore, end bearing pile is
more suitable for this building.
Raft foundation
Raft foundation basically covers the whole building and usually extends beyond it. It’s used
when column or other structural loads are close together and raft foundation is slab up to 300mm
thick and its thicken under load bearing wall. Normally construction use raft foundation because
it is the best suited for use on soft natural ground or mining areas but its cost expensive. The two
types of raft foundation commonly used are the flat raft and the wide toe raft. In addition, raft
foundation is used when the structural wall that is very close to each other and could cause
overlapping or when the soil is loose and soft.
Raft foundation is not being used for Suriamas because raft foundation covers the whole ground
area of the building which can be very costly due to its large surface area. Special treatment is
needed for point load in raft foundation although it only needs a little excavation work. Raft
foundation acts as single unit, therefore eliminating differential settlement.
Due to its capacity to resist heavy loads under poor soil condition, pile foundation in commonly
used in high rise building. However, the design of pile foundation is costly and more time is
spent on construction compared to pile-raft foundation.
Trench foundation
Trench foundation basically more in reducing the width of trench, quantity of excavation,
backfill and surplus soil removal also reduced. It’s is the deeper foundation provides greater
resistance to fracture from unequal settlement. As research, trench fill foundation is extra
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economical than raft foundation. Some trenches are created as a result of erosion by running
water or by glaciers. Glaciers which means by have long since disappeared. In ‘trench-fill’
narrow trenches are drug to the required foundation depth and completely filled with concrete.
Therefore, the method minimises the amount of excavation as access to lay blocks or bricks in
the trench is no longer required. Strips excavated through poor ground to reach suitable bearing
layers can prove difficult due to variability of the trench sides, mostly at changes in direction of
the strip. This can be overcome by using proper trench supports. However, the problem can often
be more economically supported by good design. Thus, if the builder spots that there may be
ground motion then they will counsel that the sides of the trench should be lined with a
compressible material and mesh reinforcement.
Compare and contrast between Piled, Raft and Trench Fill foundation
Piled foundation Raft foundation Trench fill foundation
� When used outsideurban areas,usually the volumea bit so the pricewill be much moreexpensive
� The foundation needto be protect bylaying concretepaving around thebuilding that’s whycost expensive
� The extra cost of theconcrete is cancelledout by the cost ofthe blocks and thelabour cost to get itup to floor level. So,it may be cheaperand economical
� Creation processwill causevibration and noiseso very disturbingenvironment.
� Susceptible to edgeerosion occurs if nottreated properly
� They are quicker toprepare than deepstrip foundations.This means thatthere is less troubleonce the buildingwork starts and notas much labour timewill be needed
� For areas that arewithin a smallpath, workmanshipdifficult because oftransport factors
The type of roof of Suriamas Condominium can be replaces by mansard roof. It is because it
suitable for all climates. Malaysian does not face problem of high wind therefore Suriamas
suitable to use. Besides, mansard roof has attracting look that will make Suriamas condominium
roof become antique. Suriamas residents basically are either student or family. Therefore the
owner willing to have attic space to build a room. Sometimes, they want attic space for a store
room too. Mansard roof which have this feature that have more attic usable space. Therefore,
Mansard roof was the more suitable alternative type of roof of the Suriamas Condominium.
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ReferenceReferenceReferenceReference
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Chakra, Agni ( n.d ). Club History. Retrieved June 1, 2014, fromhttp://rotarysunway.org/page.php?pid=6
Northumbria University ( n.d ). Pile foundations. Retrieved June 1, 2014, fromhttp://nuweb2.northumbria.ac.uk/bedemo/Domestic_Foundation/page_13.htm
The Constructor ( 2012 ). Types Of Piles. Retrieved June 2, 2014, fromhttp://theconstructor.org/geotechnical/classification-of-piles/1799/
Onlineessayshub ( n.d ). CONSTRUCTION OF BASEMENT OF A TWENTY STOREYBUILDING IN GOLDCOAST, AUSTRALIA : CONSTRUCTION OF BASEMENT OF HIGHRISE BUILDING : Construction of Basement of High Rise Building. Retrieved June 2, 2014,fromhttp://www.onlineessayshub.com/samples/185-construction-of-basement-of-high-rise-building
Poulos1, H.G. , Small, J.C. & Chow, H. ( n.d ). Piled Raft Foundations for Tall Buildings.Retrieved 2 June 2014 fromhttp://www.sefindia.org/forum/files/78-84_H.G._Poulos_-_Piled_Raft_Foundations_for_Tall_Buildings_1__117.pdf
The Construction Civil ( 2012 ). Types of Piles – Deep Foundations. Retrieved June 2, 2014 fromhttp://www.theconstructioncivil.org/types-of-piles-deep-foundations
Slab. (2012, January 2). Slab. Retrieved June 3, 2014, fromhttp://www.slideshare.net/mtrego9441/slab
National Patios. Pitched & Flat Roof. Retrieved June 10, 2014 fromhttp://www.nationalpatios.com.au/single-skin-roof.html
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The Helpful Engineer (2011, December 1). Flat roofs: Common problems and solutions.Retrieved June 10, 2014 fromhttp://thehelpfulengineer.com/index.php/2011/12/flat-roofs-common-problems-and-solutions/
Malaysia.answers.yahoo.com,. (2009). What are the advantages of using a trench fill foundation(deep strip) as opposed to strip foundations? - Yahoo Answers. Retrieved 16 June 2014, fromhttps://malaysia.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20091002090109AAb2kRe
Littlerockfamilyhousing.com,. (2014). Advantages and Disadvantages of Use Pile | Little RockFamily Home-Housing Improvement Guidance. Retrieved 16 June 2014, fromhttp://www.littlerockfamilyhousing.com/diy/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-use-pile.html
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Foundation, M. (2013). Raft Foundation - Advantages and Disadvantages of Raft Foundations.Civil Engineers Forum. Retrieved 16 June 2014, fromhttp://civilengineersforum.com/raft-foundation-advantages-disadvantages/