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• Monsoon Variability and ENSO LinksMonsoon Variability and ENSO Links
• Recent indifferent behavior of MONSOON-Recent indifferent behavior of MONSOON-ENSO links and some plausible ENSO links and some plausible explanationsexplanations
• A brief description on Climate Change A brief description on Climate Change Scenarios for the Indian region and Scenarios for the Indian region and possible impacts on Rainfall/Temperature possible impacts on Rainfall/Temperature Extremes and Cyclonic StormsExtremes and Cyclonic Storms
India lives mainly in its villages, 600,000 of them Roughly 65% of the population is rural India’s growth in per capita food production during 1979-92
was about 1.6% per annum – the highest in the world during this period
Agriculture provides livelihood to about 65% of the labor force Agriculture contributes nearly 29% to the GDP In terms of fertilizer consumption, India ranks 4th in the world About 43% of India’s geographical area is used for agriculture
UNESCO (2000) Report on World UNESCO (2000) Report on World WaterWater
• Earth's hydrosphere contains a huge Earth's hydrosphere contains a huge amount of water equivalent to 1386 amount of water equivalent to 1386 million km3.million km3.
• 97.5% of this amount is saline and only 97.5% of this amount is saline and only 2.5% fresh water.2.5% fresh water.
• The greater portion of this fresh water The greater portion of this fresh water (68.7%) is in the form of ice and (68.7%) is in the form of ice and permanent snow cover in the Antarctic, permanent snow cover in the Antarctic, the Artic and in the mountainous region.the Artic and in the mountainous region.
• Next 31.3% exit as utilizable fresh water.Next 31.3% exit as utilizable fresh water.
• Only 0.26% of the total amount of fresh Only 0.26% of the total amount of fresh water on the earth is concentrated in water on the earth is concentrated in lakes, reservoirs, and river systems where lakes, reservoirs, and river systems where they are most easily accessible for our they are most easily accessible for our economic needs and absolutely vital for economic needs and absolutely vital for water eco system.water eco system.
Indian Institute of Tropical Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, IndiaMeteorology, Pune, India(An Autonomous Institute under Dept. of Science & Technology, (An Autonomous Institute under Dept. of Science & Technology, Govt. of India)Govt. of India)
• Established 1962Established 1962
• Initially part of Met Initially part of Met DepartmentDepartment
• Autonomous in 1971Autonomous in 1971
• 100 Scientists100 Scientists
• Focus on Monsoon Focus on Monsoon ResearchResearch
• Climate Diagnostics Climate Diagnostics and Modellingand Modelling
Difference in the Composites of Winter (Prior to Monsoon) Surface Air Difference in the Composites of Winter (Prior to Monsoon) Surface Air Temperatures over the Eurasian Region during El Nino Events pre-Temperatures over the Eurasian Region during El Nino Events pre-
1980 and post-1980 periods1980 and post-1980 periods
Relation between Indian Monsoon Rainfall and Relation between Indian Monsoon Rainfall and 200 (A,B) and the Composites of 200 (A,B) and the Composites of 200 for El Nino 200 for El Nino
Precipitation Anomaly in NE Australia (DJF) and NE Precipitation Anomaly in NE Australia (DJF) and NE Brazil (JFM) in 1988 and 1998Brazil (JFM) in 1988 and 1998
Response of Indian Monsoon Rainfall to DifferentResponse of Indian Monsoon Rainfall to DifferentEl Nino Related SST PatternsEl Nino Related SST Patterns