CS/IS 190 Final Review Final Exam: Wednesday, Oct. 21.

CS/IS 190 Final Review

Final Exam: Wednesday, Oct. 21

Final Overview

• Chapters 12 through 21• Multiple Choice• Similar to questions at the end of each chapter

and in the homeworks• 50 questions• You will have the full class time to complete

Chapter 12

• Client / Server• Peer to Peer (P2P)• Virtual Private Network (VPN)– Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)– Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS)

• Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)• Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs)– Trunking : 802.1Q trunk standard– Static VLAN vs. Dynamic VLAN

Chapter 12

• Multilayer Switches• DNS Load Balancing• Quality of Service (QoS)• Traffic shaping• Intrusion detection system (IDS)• Intrusion prevention system (IPS)• Port Mirroring• Proxy Servers

Chapter 13

• IPV6• 128 Bits• How to write addresses and how to shorten

addresses• 8 groups of four hexadecimal characters• Leading zeros can be dropped from any group• Use double colon to show groups of zeroes• Link-Local Address (always starts with FE80:)

Chapter 13

• Subnet masks– No subnet is ever longer than /64

• Unicast• Multicast• Anycast• Global Unicast Address (Global Address)– Gets from router– Required to use the Internet

• Aggregation

Chapter 13

• DHCP in IPv6– Stateful– Stateless

• Using tunnels for IPv6– Tunnel Broker

Chapter 14

• Remote Connectivity• Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS)• Multiplexers• Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)• DS0 (64 Kbps)• T1 Line– 24 DS0 channels– 1.544 Mbps

Chapter 14

• T3 Line– About 43 Mbps– 672 DS0 channels

• CSU/DSU

Chapter 14

• Fiber Carriers• SONET and OC• OC-1– 51.85 Mbps

• The rest of the OC multiply the number to get the speed :

• OC-3 is 51.85 * 3 = 155.52 Mbps

Chapter 14

• Packet Switching– Frame Relay– Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)– Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)– Modems

• Convert analog signals to digital and vice versa• Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART)• Baud vs. Bits Per second

– ISDN• Basic Rate Interface (BRI) = 128 Kbps• Primary Rate Interface (PRI) = 1.544 Mbps (T1 Line)

Chapter 14

• DSL– SDSL– ADSL– VDSL

• Cable Internet (DOCSIS protocol)• Satellite• Wireless• Fiber Optics• Powerline

Chapter 14

• Remote Access– Dial – up– Private Dial-up– VPNs– Dedicated Connections– Remote Terminals, Remote Desktop– Voice over IP (VoIP)

Chapter 15

• Wireless Networking• Modes:– Ad Hoc Mode (Peer to Peer mode)– Infrastructure Mode

• Link state vs. Signal strength• Channels– 14 channels, only 11 allowed in U.S.A. [for the 2.4

GHz standards]• CSMA/CA

Chapter 15

• 802.11b• 802.11a• 802.11g• 802.11n• 802.11ac• Security– MAC address filtering– Wireless authentication

• 802.1X• RADIUS

Chapter 15

• Data Encryption– Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) [not secure]– Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) [not secure]– WPA2

• Uses AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)

• Power Over Ethernet• Implementing Wi-Fi

– Placing access points– Configuration– Extending the Network

• Adding a WAP• Wireless Bridge

Chapter 16• Virtualization• Hypervisor• Virtual Machine Manager (VMM)• Guest Operating System• Emulation vs. Virtualization• Why?

– The VM that is shut down is a file or folder– Power Saving– Hardware Consolidation– System Recovery– System Duplication– Research

Chapter 16

• Virtual Switches• Virtual NICs• Virtual PBXs• Network as a Service (NaaS)• Storage Area Networks (SANs)• Network Attached Storage (NAS)

Chapter 17

• Building a real-world network– List of requirements– Device types/requirements– Environment limitations– Equipment limitations– Compatibility requirements– Wired/wireless considerations– Security considerations

Chapter 17• Equipment Room

– Power converters• Change AC to DC

• Electrical Limits• VLANs• IP address scheme• External Connections

– Gateway router– Choose ISP

• Security• Network Segmentation

– Layer 1 – Air gap– Layer 2 – VLANs– Layer 3 – subnets– Above layer 3

Chapter 18

• Managing Risk• Security Policies– Acceptable Use Policy– Network Access Policy

• Change management• Patching and Updates• Points of Failure– Avoid single point of failure– High Availability

Chapter 18

• Security Preparedness– Vulnerability Scanning– Penetration Testing (pentest)

• Contingency Planning– Disaster Recovery– Business Continuity• Cold site• Warm site• Hot site

Chapter 18

• Emergency Procedures– Building Layout– Fire escape plan– Safety/emergency exits– Fail open / Fail close– Emergency alert system

Chapter 19

• Protecting your Network• Spoofing• Packet / Protocol Abuse• ARP cache poisoning• Denial of Service (DoS)• Distributed DoS (DDos)• Man in the Middle

Chapter 19

Malware• Virus• Worm• Macro• Trojan• Rootkit• Adware/Spyware

Chapter 19

• Social Engineering• Phishing• Unnecessary Running Services• Unpatched / Legacy Systems• Unencrypted Channels• Physical Security• Network Security– Controlling User Accounts

• Principle of least privelege

Chapter 19

• Firewalls– Network based– Host Based– Stateful vs. Stateless

• Access Control Lists (ACLs)• Network Zones– Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)

• Honeypots and Honeynets

Chapter 20

• Network Monitoring• SNMP• Packet Sniffers / Protocol Analyzers– Wireshark– Run in NIC in promiscuous mode

• Performance Monitors– Windows Performance Monitor (PerfMon)– Linux’s syslog

Chapter 21• Network Troubleshooting• Hardware Tools

– Cable Testers– TDR– OTDR– Certifiers– Voltage Recorders / Temp. Monitors– Protocol Analyzer – Cable Strippers / Snips– Multimeters– Toners– Butt Sets– Punchdown tools

Chapter 21

• Software Tools• Traceroute• Ipconfig / Ifconfig• Ping, pathping, and ARP Ping• NSLookup• Hostname• My Traceroute (MTR)• Route (Route Print or netstat -r)• Packet Sniffers• Port Scanners• Throughput testers

Chapter 21

• Troubleshooting Process:1. Identify the problem2. Establish a theory of probable cause.3. Test the theory to determine cause.4. Establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and identify potential effects.5. Implement the solution and escalate as necessary.6. Verify full system functionality and, if applicable, implement preventative measures.9. Document findings, actions, and outcomes.

Final Exam

• Bring a #2 pencil and eraser.• Mr. Hodges will supply the scantron form.• Closed book, closed notes, closed computer• Focus on items which were discussed in class• 5 Extra Credit Questions which may be

scenario-based like the questions seen on the CompTIA Network+ Exam.