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TEST CODE OI2O7O2O]|MAY/JUNE 2OI4
CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCILCARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION
CERTIFICATE@
EXAMINATION
BIOLOGY
Paper 02 -
General ProficiencY
2 hours 30 minutes
DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTILYOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
FORM TP 2014045 %.
READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.
2.
This paper consists of SIX questions in two sections. Answer
ALLquestions.
For SectionA, write your answers in the spaces provided in this
booklet.
Do NOT write in the margins.
For Section B, write your answers in the spaces provided at the
end ofeach question, in this booklet.
Where appropriate, answers should be illustrated by
diagrams'
If you need to re-write any answer and there is not enough space
to doso on the original page, you must request extra lined pages
from theinvigilator. Remember to draw a line through your original
answerand correctly number your new answer in the box provided.
If you use extra pages you MUST write your registration
numberand question number clearly in the boxes provided at the top
ofEVERY extra page.
3.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Copyright @ 2012 Caribbean Examinations CouncilAll rishts
reserved.
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SECTION A
AnswerALL questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
(a) Figure I shows drawings of different types of fish collected
by marine biologists who arestudying the distribution of organisms
living in a marine ecosystem.
Figure 1. Fish collected from a marine ecosystem
(D Construct a table in the space below to classiff the fish in
Figure I into groupsusing TWO visible features other than size.
(3 marks)
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(ii) A gill from one of the fish is shown in Figure 2. Annotate
Figure 2 to illustrateTWO characteristics that make the gill
suitable for gaseous exchange. (2 marks)
Figure 2. Gill of a fish
(iii) State TWO reasons why gaseous exchange is important in
living organisms'
(2 marks)
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-5-Figure 3 shows a food web that the biologists constructed to
describe therelationships observed in this marine ecosystem'
Predatory fish
Jellyfish
Zooplankton(microscopic animals)
Sea grassPhytoplankton
(microscopic plants)
Figure 3. Food web in the marine ecosystem
(i) Identiff TWO producers in the food web in Figure 3'
(b)
Butterfly
/II
'0"'\ t 1\ tlLoggerhead sea turtle
I\t \l\ Crabs JeltYf
"."n,".\ \ tt / zooprrlP
(microscoP \ ll\\tCorals with
zooxanthellae
(iii)
(2 marks)
(ii) State TWO characteristics of producers in a food web.
(2 marks)
Corals are found in shallow waters and contain microscopic algae
known aszooxanthellae which contain chloroplasts. The corals
provide the algae with carbondioxide, shelter and protection, while
the algae provide the corals with nutrientsand oxygen.
Identiff the type of feeding relationship between the coral and
the zooxanthellaeand give a reason for Your answer.
(2 marks)GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE
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(c) At six-month intervals over a three-year period, marine
biologists collected data on theestimated population size of
parrotfish and a predatory fish. Table I presents this data.
TABLE 1: ESTIMATED NUMBER OF PARROTFISH AND PREDATORY FISHOVER
THREE YEARS
(D Represent the data in Table 1 on a suitable graph on the grid
provided onpage 7. (6 marks)
(ii) Suggest an explanation for the differences in the shapes of
the graphs.
(2 marks)
Name TWO features that the predatory fish may have that allow it
to carry out itsrole as a predator.
Suggest what the likely consequences wouldpredatory fish is NOT
controlled.
(2 marks)
be if the population size of the
(iii)
(iv)
Time (Months) Estimated Number ofParrotfish
Estimated Number ofPredatory Fish
Jantary 2007 2 500 35
June 2007 2 000 40
December 2007 | 200 55June 2008 I 100 80December 2008 970 95
June 2009 400 105
December 2009 200 120
(2 marks)Total25 marks
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(a), Figure 4 shows an external view of the human heart.
(i) Identif, the structures labelled A, B and C in Figure 4.
Write your answers onthe lines provided in Figure 4. (3 marks)
left pulmonaryartery
Figure 4. External view of the human heart
Explain how the function of the heart may be affected by a
blockage of the bloodvessel shown at X.
(2 marks)
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(b) Figure 5 shows blood vessels used to transport fluids around
the body of a mammal.
Blood Vessel A Blood Vessel B
f igure 5. Blood vessels in a mammal
(D Which blood vessel, A or B, represents a vein?
(iD Identifu ONE structurefunction.
visible in Figure 5 which helPs a
(1 mark )
vein to carry out its
(1 mark )
(iii) Explain how the structure identified in (b) (ii) allows
the vein to fulfil its function.
(2 marks)
(iv) Diets high in saturated fats may lead to the formation of
plaques in blood vessels.Explain how slrch deposits may lead to
hypertension.
(2 marks)
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Figure 6 shows the transport vessels of a flowering plant.
Figure 6. Transport vessels in a flowering plant
Identiff the vessels shown at Positions P and Q in Figure 6.
P...............
4.. .. . (2 marks)Explain why plants do NOT need an organ like a
heart in their transport system, and outlineONE mechanism by which
plants move fluids through their transport vessels.
(2 marks)
Total 15 marks
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(a) Figure 7 is a diagram of a nephron found in a human
kidney'
Figure 7. Diagram of a nePhron
Identiff the structures labelled A, B and C in Figure 7 and
briefly describe theprocess that takes place in EACH of these
structures'
A...............
Process
(i)
EI
Process
(ii) Name the hormone secretedwater in body cells.
(6 marks)
by the pituitary gland when there is NOT enough
(1 mark )
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(b)
(iii) Explain why the composition ofurine produced at X would
differ in someone whodrank a lot of wateriompared to someone who
had no water to drink for over24 hours.
(4 marks)
Table 2 shows a comparison of the substances found in the urine
of a healthy person andthat of someone who is diabetic.
TABLE 2: COMPOSITION OF URINE OF A HEALTITY PERSON AND OF
ADIABETIC PERSON
(D Explain why there is glucose in the urine of the diabetic
person, assuming that thekidneys are functioning ProPerlY.
(2 marks)
(iD Describe TWO ways of managing diabetes mellitus.
Substance7o in Urine of HealthY
Person7o in Urine of Diabetic
Person
Glucose
Protein
Urea
Sodium chloride
Water
0
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2.0
0.6
95
10.0
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Total 15 marks
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SECTION B
AnswerALL questions-
write your answers in the spaces provided at the end of each
question'
(a) With the aid of a diagram, outline THREE processes which
return carbon to the atmosphereand ONE which removes it. (Include
the form in which the carbon is found in theatmosphere.) (6
marks)
(b) Describe the impact of cutting down or burning large areas
of forest on the recycling ofcarbon. (6 marks)
(c) Suggest THREE ways in which humans can make changes in their
day-to-day activitiesto reduce the amount of carbon in the
atmosphere' (3 marks)
Total 15 marks
Write your answer to Question 4 here.
Space for diagram for (a)
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(b)
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Define the terms 'genotype', 'phenotype', 'recessive'and
'dominant' (4 marks)
(D Albinism (lack of pigmentation) is an example of
discontinuous variation. GiveTWO examples of traits that show
continuous variation. (2 marks)
(ii) Aman with normal pigmentation and an albino woman produce
two children, oneof whom is an albino. Using appropriate symbols,
draw a genetics diagram toshow the genotypes of the parents and the
expected phenotypes of the offspring.(Note that albinism is a trait
caused by the inheritance of a recessive allele.)
(5 marks)
(c) Many of the antibiotics used to control tuberculosis are no
longer effective. Use the theoryof natural selection to account for
this. (4 marks)
Total 15 marks
Write your answer to Question 5 here.
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(a) (D Name THREE types oftissue which coordinate to bring about
movement in animals,and state THREE reasons why it is important for
animals to be able to move.(6 marks)
(ii) Explainwhy, unlike animals, plants are able to survive
without moving fromplaceto place. (2 marks)
(b) A father saw his son step down onto the tarmac and watched
as he ran towards him.Describe the changes that occurred in the
father's eyes to keep his son's face in focus.(7 marks)
Total 15 marks
Write your answer to Question 6 here.
012070208 20r4
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Write your answer to Question 6 here.
END OF TEST
IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED. CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS
TEST.
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