CSE477 – Embedded Systems Design · embedded system) z Projects within a set of themes y investigate cross-project communication issues y tie projects together into a story (for

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CSE477 – Embedded Systems Design

z Welcome to CSE 477y Instructor: Gaetano Borrielloy TAs: Mike Esler, Jeff Nicholsy Industry Consultant: John Wedgwood

z Some basicsy what is a system?y what is digital system design?

z Objectives of this classy embedded systems: hardware and softwarey interfacing and communicationy projects: product concept to prototype, focus on invisible computing

z Class administration and logistics

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What is a system (in our case, mostly digital)?

z A collection of componentsy that perform a specific functiony judiciously chosen to meet some constraints

x cost, size, power consumption, safetyy communicates with its environment

x human interactionx communication with other systems over wired/wireless networks

z One person's system is another's componenty no universal categories of scope/sizey subsystems need to be encapsulated

z How is it documented?y how much does one have to know about the internals to use it?y how easily can it be altered/re-configured? along what dimensions?

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What is digital system design?

z Encompasses all computing systemsy general-purposey embedded or task-specific

z Involves many digital (and mixed digital/analog)technologiesy programmable components (e.g., PLDs and FPGAs)y processorsy interfaces to analog world (e.g., A/D, D/A, special transducers)y input/output devices (e.g., buttons, pressure sensors, etc.)y communication links to environment (wired and wireless)

z To create a device capable of solving a problem orperforming a task that is useful to someone

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Trends in digital system design

z Forcesy cost (cheaper), size (smaller), weight (lighter), power (lower)y time-to-market (shorter)y upgradeability (in-the-field)y recyclability (reusable parts)y ubiquity (anywhere, everywhere, and highly task-specific)y standardization of interfaces (leverage)

z Effectsy increased use of high-level languagesy high-level specificationsy automatic synthesis tools (hardware and software compilers)y programmable hardware (quick to prototype, reconfigurable)

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Examples of embedded systems

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Programmable hardware

z Programmable logic devices (e.g., PLDs, FPGAs)z Microprocessors and microcontrollers

y integration of surrounding logic onto processor chipx interrupt subsystem (priorities and vectoring)x timer co-processor (measures real-time in parallel w/ processor)

y faster instruction cycle timex replace custom hardware that was previously requiredx parallelism in software

y integrated memory (RAM, ROM, EPROM, cache, flash)x less parts but sensitivity to program/data size

y processor cores with on-chip supporting logic/circuitsx custom logic optimized to specific applicationx task-specific sensors and actuators (e.g., MEMS)x even application specific instruction sets (e.g., DSP processors)

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CSE 477

z Capstone design coursey serves to tie together the curriculum with an intensive design

experience

z For computer engineeringy programming, data structures, operating systemsy electronics, logic design, computer designy communication skills (oral and written), documentation of designsy group effort (2 persons /group, 2-3 groups/theme) and

interaction with users (customers)

z Project experiencey connecting thread through the discipliney invaluable opportunity to add to student portfolioy just what employers/graduate schools want to hear about

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Course rationale

z Assignments and examsy reinforce concepts presented in lecturey serve to create infrastructure for possible use in projectsy opportunity to evaluate individual creativity and understandingy gain familiarity with laboratory equipment and software

z Embedded system design projecty wide variety of possibilities in a chosen domainy design reviews of all projects (learn from others’ experience)y must be possible to complete in 10 short weeksy presentation/documentation (this qtr coordinated with ENGR333D)

x in-class presentationsx web-based documentation

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ENGR333D

z Special section of ENGR333z Combining the subject matter of ENGR333 and

CSE477 leads to efficiencies for students andinstructors

z Expect it to be a more rewarding experience and leadto better on-line documentation

z Basic model:y work individually for ENGR333y combine work of group members for CSE477y permits revision and iteration

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Project scope

z Groups of two or three students will construct a self-contained mostly-digital subsystem (i.e., a smallembedded system)

z Projects within a set of themesy investigate cross-project communication issuesy tie projects together into a story (for video later in the year)

z Characteristicsy interfacing multiple components, based around a PC or PDAy analog/digital interfacingy reactive, real-time interactionsy wired or wireless communication between components/other systemsy exploit high-degree of integrationy effective use of microcontrollers and SDKs

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Project organization

z Hierarchical organizationy 10 groups of 2 studentsy 2-3 groups within one theme

z Overall project domainy task-specific devices connected to web servicesy low-overhead (if not invisible) user interfaces

z Themes for this quartery home automationy body networksy location-aware systemsy advanced user interfaces

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Course outline

z Introductionz Microprocessors and microcontrollersz Interfacing techniquesz Communication methodsz Software issues in embedded systemsz Case studies from industry guest lecturersz Project design reviews and presentationsz Project demonstrations on 10 December

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Course schedule

z First halfy lecturesy laboratory assignmentsy midterm examy definition and initial design of project

z Second halfy construction and debugging of projecty design reviews and in-class presentationsy project documentation on web

z Group meetingsy 2nd week: project selectiony 4th week: project planningy every week thereafter: theme meetings

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Background (prerequisite) material

z Logic design (de-emphasized this quarter, more on this next qtr)y combinational logicy sequential logicy control/data-path

z Computer architecturey assembly language programmingy computer organizationy memory hierarchyy interrupt mechanisms

z Programming skills (strongly emphasized this quarter)y basic programmingy data structuresy facility with programming (C, Java)

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Refreshers

z Coursesy CSE341 – Programming Languagesy CSE370 – Introduction to Logic Designy CSE378 – Machine Organization / Assembly Language Programmingy CSE451 – Introduction to Operating Systemsy CSE461 - Networks

z Find your textbooks and notes from these coursesy review chapters and lecture notes as topics come upy review written assignments and any projects

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Project ideas

z 3-D ultrasonic mousez MIDI flute synthesizerz CCD cameraz Hand-held logic analyzerz Mobile robotsz Talking toasterz Some examples from the past two years . . .z Some ideas for this quarter . . .

y meet Thursday 4:30-6:30 to review a video and discussy pizza/drinks will be provided

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Goals for CSE477

z Lots of fun getting projects doney cool devicesy amaze friends, family, and Ed Lazowska

z Lots of learning in the processy great way to complete your undergraduate careery killer interview material

z Produce a great new videoy highlight the program and departmenty demonstrate that education can be at the leading edgey demonstrate the immediate relevance of our educational programsy help us draw more industrial supporty win another video award (two previous videos have)