CSCI 101 Looking at Computers: Understanding the Parts 1.

CSCI 101

Looking at Computers:Understanding the Parts

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You know you are living in the year 2014 when: 

1. Your reason for not staying in touch with family is because they do not have a Facebook, Instagram or Twitter account.  2. Your 3 year old sibling can’t wait to get a phone so he/she can FaceTime his/her friends.

3. You just tried to enter your password on the microwave. 

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Review1. The fundamental requirement for building

a computer is a    a. vacuum tube   b. processor   c.

transistor   d. switch2. Apple Computer was started by

______________3. Computers of the 1950's   a. were very

large   b. often broken c. were based on vacuum tube technology   d. used lots of power e. all of the above

4. List the switches in generations 1-4 ____________

Objectives

3 Basic components of a computer system

9 Binary numbers

9 Encoding schemes and number systems

9 ASCII

9 Bytes and byte measures

7 Computer configuration

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Understanding computers

Computer / IT Fluency

Individual computers

The Basics

The Language

of Computers

Inside the System

Unit

Future Designer Laptop - ROLLTOP

ROLL TOP Laptop concept by futuristic laptop designers at Orkin Design

NotesThe Basics A computer is a The major functions of a computer are: Data vs Information:_______ is raw material such as

numbers, text, images, and sounds, in a form that is suitable for storage in or processing by a computer. Also know as ______.

_______ material that has been processed. Also know as ________  Software- a set of step by step instructions that tells the

hardware what to do. Also called______________

Examples:  Hardware- the equipment associated with a computer.

The parts you can ____________

Examples:

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The Language of Computers

Electronic Signals

Binary DigitsIdentify things the computer

represents using binary digits

Number Systems

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Converting Binary to DecimalMultiply the digit by the place valueAdd to get the decimal number1111 0010

1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 Bit of Binary Number 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 Place Values 128 64 32 16 2 Add non zero values

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Binary in use

Colors◦http://www.psyclops.com/tools/rgb/

Letters and symbols◦Encoding Schemes: ASCII and

Unicode◦http://home.paulschou.net/tools/xlat

e/

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Encoding SchemesASCIIUnicode

A = 01000001a = 011000010 = 00110000

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SAY, WRITE, DO activities

1. Compare your notes2. Practice a. What decimal number is 1011 binary?

b. What decimal number is 100100? c. Decode the ASCII symbols written as hex

57 48 4F 57 49 4C 4C 42 45 31 53 54 3F

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The System UnitBox that contains the central electronic components of the computer

The Motherboard◦ CPU◦ Memory◦ Connections to other HW

Expansion Cards and slots

Drives (storage devices) and bays

Ports

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Identify 3 facts

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Processing on the Motherboard:

CPU Performance Measures◦Processor speed measured in hertz

(Hz) Megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz)

◦Number of cores Single Dual Quad Eight

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How the CPU WorksMachine cycle

refers to series of general steps CPU performs◦Fetch◦Decode◦Execute◦Store

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Making CPUs Even FasterPipelining

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Optical Storage

Compact discs (CDs)◦Audio files

Digital video discs (DVDs)◦Store more

data than CDsBlu-ray discs

(BDs)

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Cloud Storage

Refers to using a service to store files on a computer accessible through the Internet

Types of Cloud Storage◦ Dropbox◦ OneDrive◦ iCloud◦ Google Drive

SAY, WRITE, DO activitiesLook inside a computerComputer Parts

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1. What are the 2 main types of electronic signals?

2. What’s the computer’s most used encoding scheme?

3. What numbering system does the computer use?

4. What is the most popular port?

5. Before the advent of electronic digital computers, a computer was   a. a profession   b. a slide ruler   c. dream   d. a calculator

6. What is known as the brains of the computer?  

a. motherboard   b. CPU    c. RAM   d. switch

7. Person known as the father of computers was   a. Charles Babbage   b. Bill Gates   c. Steve Jobs   d. Alan Turing

8. The first computer programmer was a woman.   a. True   b. False

Named?  

9. In the 1940's, computers were used primarily by   a. industry   b. consumers   c. business   d. government

10.Bill Gates wrote a good part of this language, originally marketed by Microsoft. A. BASIC B. Altair C. DOS D. QDOS

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