Alimentary Canal Chart Organ Location Functions Cells & tissues Present Enzymes secreted Innervation Blood Supply Mouth Oral canal; on face Masticatio n with teeth and chemical breakdown of proteins via salivary enzymes Walls of mouth: Stratified squamous ET Gums, hard palate, and dorsum of tongue: keratinized stratified squamous Mouth injury: anti- microbial peptides called defensins Maxillary & mandibular branches of trigeminal nerve Sublingual artery, greater & lesser palatine arteries Pharynx Three subsections of the throat; posterior Passageway of food, fluids, and air Mucosa (innermost): stratified squamous ET Mucous secreted from mucus producing glands in mucosa Vagus & glosso- pharyngeal nerves External carotid & subclavian arteries Esophagus Muscular tube that passes through the mediastinum of the thorax Carries food to stomach Mucosa (innermost): nonkeratinized stratified squamous ET Esophagus- stomach junction: changes to simple columnar ET which is specialized for secretion Submucosa: mucous secreting esophageal glands, released when bolus stimulates the esophagus as it moves down, allowing it to act as a lubricant so food can pass easily Sympathetic: visceral branches or sympathetic trunk (postganglioni c fibers) Parasympatheti c: vagus nerve (preganglionic fibers) Esophageal branches of thyroid artery, R bronchial artery, thoracic aorta Stomach Below the esophagus; upper left quadrant of peritoneal cavity, hidden by liver and diaphragm Chemical breakdown of proteins begins and food is converted into chime. Lining ET of mucosa: simple columnar ET Middle region of gland: parietal cells Basal region of gland: chief cells Deep in gastric gland: entero- endocrine cells Alkaline mucus from mucus neck cells, HCl, intrinsic factor, pepsinogen, lipases (fat- digesting enzymes), histamine, serotonin, somatostatin, gastrin Sympathetic: thoracic splanchnic nerves relayed through the celiac plexus Parasympatheti c: Vagus nerve Arterial supply: gastric and splenic branches of celiac trunk Venous supply: hepatic portal system draining into hepatic portal vein
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CRYDERS_s16-alimentary-canal-and-accessory-organ Web viewPassageway of food, fluids, and air. Mucosa (innermost): stratified squamous ET. Mucous secreted from mucus producing glands
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Alimentary Canal Chart
Organ Location Functions Cells & tissues Present
Enzymes secreted
Innervation Blood Supply
Mouth Oral canal; on face Mastication with teeth
and chemical breakdown of proteins via
salivary enzymes
Walls of mouth: Stratified squamous ETGums, hard palate, and
dorsum of tongue: keratinized stratified
squamous
Mouth injury: anti-microbial peptides
called defensins
Maxillary & mandibular branches of
trigeminal nerve
Sublingual artery, greater
& lesser palatine arteries
Pharynx Three subsections of the throat; posterior
Passageway of food, fluids,
and air
Mucosa (innermost): stratified squamous
ET
Mucous secreted from mucus
producing glands in mucosa
Vagus & glosso-pharyngeal nerves
External carotid & subclavian
arteries
Esophagus Muscular tube that passes through the mediastinum of the
thorax
Carries food to stomach
Mucosa (innermost): nonkeratinized
stratified squamous ET
Esophagus-stomach junction: changes to simple columnar ET
which is specialized for secretion
Submucosa: mucous secreting
esophageal glands, released when
bolus stimulates the esophagus as it
moves down, allowing it to act as a lubricant so
food can pass easily
Sympathetic: visceral branches or sympathetic trunk
(postganglionic fibers)
Parasympathetic: vagus nerve
(preganglionic fibers)
Esophageal branches of
thyroid artery, R bronchial
artery, thoracic aorta
Stomach Below the esophagus; upper left quadrant of