D - 1 ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18) CROP PRODUCTION AGRONOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY The following trials were conducted during Kharif 2017-18 at various centers of AICRP on Cotton. AGRONOMY Agronomy IA Agronomic requirements of promising pre-release/ recently released G. hirsutum/G. arboreum genotypes / hybrids of Cotton Agronomy 1B Evaluation of compact culture under HDPS with different nutrient levels Agronomy II Weed Management in Cotton Agronomy IIIA Improving use efficiency of inputs Agronomy IIIB Enhancing Nitrogen use efficiency in Bt cotton Agronomy IV Technology for Organic Cotton Production Agronomy V Conservation agriculture Agronomy VI Labour saving techniques in Cotton cultivation Agronomy VII Canopy management in HDPS cotton Agronomy VIII Testing of product developed from human hair by Bio- processing and Herbal Division of Mahatma Gandhi Institute for Rural Industrialization Agronomy IX Paid up trials PHYSIOLOGY and BIOCHEMISTRY PHY1 Screening of Cotton genotypes for abiotic stress tolerance 1a Screening genotypes for water stress tolerance 1b Screening genotypes for salinity stress tolerance PHY2 Preparing for Climate Change: Effect of environment on crop phenology development & yield PHY3 Evaluation of effect of nano fertilizer on growth and production of Cotton (HDPS) Bio Chem. 1. Evaluation of cotton genotypes for seed oil, gossypol and protein Bio Chem.2 Effect of PGRs on insect resistance in cotton The trials conducted zone-wise were as follows: North zone Faridkot, Bathinda, Sirsa (Hisar), Sriganganagar and Kanpur Central Zone Surat, Akola, Rahuri, Nanded, Indore, Khandwa, Banswara, Junagarh and Bhawanipatna South Zone Lam ( Guntur), Nandyal, Dharwad, Raichur, Chamrajanagar, Coimbatore and Srivilliputtur
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D - 1
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
CROP PRODUCTION
AGRONOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
The following trials were conducted during Kharif 2017-18 at various centers of AICRP on Cotton.
AGRONOMY
Agronomy IA Agronomic requirements of promising pre-release/ recently released G. hirsutum/G. arboreum genotypes / hybrids of Cotton
Agronomy 1B Evaluation of compact culture under HDPS with different nutrient levels
Agronomy II Weed Management in Cotton
Agronomy IIIA Improving use efficiency of inputs
Agronomy IIIB Enhancing Nitrogen use efficiency in Bt cotton
Agronomy IV Technology for Organic Cotton Production
Agronomy V Conservation agriculture
Agronomy VI Labour saving techniques in Cotton cultivation
Agronomy VII Canopy management in HDPS cotton
Agronomy VIII Testing of product developed from human hair by Bio- processing and Herbal Division of Mahatma Gandhi Institute for Rural Industrialization
Agronomy IX Paid up trials
PHYSIOLOGY and BIOCHEMISTRY
PHY1 Screening of Cotton genotypes for abiotic stress tolerance
1a Screening genotypes for water stress tolerance
1b Screening genotypes for salinity stress tolerance
PHY2 Preparing for Climate Change: Effect of environment on crop phenology development & yield
PHY3 Evaluation of effect of nano fertilizer on growth and production of Cotton (HDPS)
Bio Chem. 1. Evaluation of cotton genotypes for seed oil, gossypol and protein
Bio Chem.2 Effect of PGRs on insect resistance in cotton
The trials conducted zone-wise were as follows:
North zone Faridkot, Bathinda, Sirsa (Hisar), Sriganganagar and Kanpur
Central Zone Surat, Akola, Rahuri, Nanded, Indore, Khandwa, Banswara, Junagarh and Bhawanipatna
South Zone Lam ( Guntur), Nandyal, Dharwad, Raichur, Chamrajanagar, Coimbatore and Srivilliputtur
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ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
The project-wise findings and salient highlights of the research pertaining to North, Central and South zones are summarized below.
Agronomy IA: Agronomic requirements of promising pre-release/recently released G. hirsutum/G. arboreum genotypes/hybrids of cotton.
Growth and development of a plant is the result of the interaction of two major components viz. genetic potential of genotype and the environment. Among the improved agronomic practices, important yield contributing agro techniques are spacing and fertilizer application. Optimization of spacing and fertilizer requirement is the pre requisite for releasing of promising genotypes. The field experiments were conducted with graded levels of nutrient and spacing as per the required environment in multi location at different AICRP (cotton) centres. North Zone Bathinda
The agronomic requirement study for pre release hirsutum entry- HS 294 was conducted at Bathinda under irrigated condition. The study showed that the seed cotton yield was responsive to spacing and fertilizer levels. The increase in plant density from 67.5 x 75 cm to 67.5 x 60 cm, increased the seed cotton yield significantly. However, further increase of plant density from 67.5 x 60 cm to 67.5 x 45 cm did not improve seed cotton yield (Table 1). Seed cotton yield increased significantly with increase in fertilizer level from 75% of recommended to 100% of recommended level only. The interaction effect was not significant one. Thus, planting of 67.5 X 60 cm with 100 % RDF is recommended for HS 294 at Bathinda. Table 1: Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of promising pre-released hirsutum variety (HS294) as influenced by spacing and fertilizers levels at Bathinda in North Zone
Treatments S1: 67.5 x 45
cm S2: 67.5 x 60
cm S3: 67.5 x 75
cm Mean
(Fertilizers) Anova
CD (5%)
CV (%)
F1: 75 % RDF 2333 2329 2178 2280 Spacing 225
9.05 F2: 100 % RDF
2781 2644 2365 2597 Fertilize
rs 225
F3: 125 % RDF
2813 2593 2334 2580 S X F NS
Mean (spacing)
2643 2522 2292
Hisar
Seed cotton yield of genotype HS 294 was statistically at par in all three fertilizer levels at Hisar. However, number of bolls per square metre and seed cotton yield were significantly higher with closer spacing (67.5X30 cm) than wider spacing (67.5X45 cm). Thus, planting of 67.5 X 30 cm with 100 % RDF is recommended for HS 294 at Hisar under irrigated condition.
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ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Table 2: Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of promising pre-released hirsutum variety (HS294) as influenced by spacing and fertilizers levels at Hisar in North Zone
Treatments S1.67.5 X 45 S2.67.5X 30 Mean (Fertilizers) ANOVA SE (d) CD (5%)
F1.100% RDF 2078 2243 2160 Spacing 57 189.5
F2.125% RDF 2126 2373 2250 Fertilizers 78 NS
F3.150% RDF 2263 2456 2360 S X F 107 NS
Mean (spacing) 2156 2357
Central Zone
Surat Geometry and nutrient requirement of pre prelease hirsutum entry (GJHV 497) was tested
under irrigated condition at Surat with local check (GN Cot.22). The results revealed that spacing of S2 (120 x 30 cm) recorded significant higher number of bolls per square meter (69.1) as against S1
(120 x 40) (59.4) (Table 3). Boll weight was significantly influenced by genotypes. Genotype, G1- GJHV 497 recorded significantly higher boll weight (3.21 g) as compared to G2 –GN.Cot.22 (3.00 g). Seed cotton yield was found to differ significantly due to fertilizer levels. Fertilizer level, F3 (125 % RDF) recorded significant higher seed cotton yield of 1514 kg/ha as compared to F1 (1350), but was found at par with F2 (1483 kg/ha). The results indicated that existing recommended spacing of 120 X 45 cm with 100 % RDF (240:40:0 kg N, P2O5 & K2O/ha) was ideal for pre release variety (GJHV 497).
Table 3. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by genotypes, spacing levels and nutrient levels at Surat in Central Zone
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Rahuri
Seed cotton yield was influenced by spacing and nutrient levels and their interaction at Rahuri. Narrow geometry (90 X 30 cm) significantly resulted in the highest yield (1725 kg/ha) and comparable with planting of 90 X 60 cm (1671 kg/ha). Application of 125 % recommended level of fertiliser resulted in the highest seed cotton yield (1697 Kg/ha) though at par with recommended level (1641 Kg/ha) (Table 4). The results summarised that planting of 90 X 60 cm spacing with application of recommended level (80:40:40 N, P2O5 & K2O kg/ha) is considered for GJHV 497 under irrigated condition at Rahuri.
Table 4. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by genotypes, spacing levels and nutrient levels at Rahuri in Central Zone
SE d 59 89 41 44 58 72 101 CD (5%) NS 289 121 NS NS 209 NS
Akola
The results revealed that seed cotton yield was significantly high with SCS 1061(1198 kg ha-1) but at par with local check (AKH 9916, 1109 kg/ha). Amongst spacing levels, seed cotton yield (1271 kg/ha) was significantly high with plant density (55,555 plants ha-1) i.e. with 60 x 30 cm. There was significant response to NPK levels in respect to seed cotton yield and the highest SCY (1207 kg ha-1) was recorded with 150 % RDF which was at par with 125% RDF (Table 7). The Interaction results revealed that highest seed cotton yield (1402 kg/ha) recorded with SCS 1061 planted at 60 x 30 cm with 150 % RDF (90:45:45 N, P2O5 & K2O kg/ha).
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ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Table 5. Seed Cotton Yield (Kg/ha) as influenced by genotypes, spacing levels and nutrient levels at Akola
The results revealed that seed cotton yield of the sponsored entry- SCS 1061 was affected by spacing and fertiliser levels at Bhawanipatna, under rainfed condition. The highest seed cotton yield (3171 kg/ha) was obtained with the spacing of S3 (90 cm x 30 cm) (Table 6). Application of F3 (125 % RDF) recorded the highest seed cotton yield (3298 kg/ha), which was on par with F2(100 % RDF). Thus geometry of 90 X 30 cm with 100 % RDF (90:45:45 N, P2O5 & K2O kg/ha) is found optimum.
Table 6. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of pre released culture of SCS 1061 as influenced by spacing levels and nutrient levels at Bhawanipatna.
Treatments S1- 90 x 60
cm S2- 90 cm x
45 cm S3- 90 cm x
30 cm Mean
(Fertilizers) Anova SE d
CD (5%)
F1.75 % RDF 2668 2881 3044 2864
Spacing
82.8 175.5
F2.100 % RDF 2592 3142 3408 3047
Fertilizers
82.8 175.5
F3.125%RDF 2881 3190 3441 3171
S X F 143.4
304.0
Mean (spacing) 2714 3071 3298
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ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Agronomic requirements of promising pre-released barbadense variety under different location of AICRP on Cotton in Central Zone Surat
The agronomic requirement study of pre-released barbadense variety (ARBB 1401) under irrigated condition at Surat revealed that yield attributes and Seed cotton yield differed significantly with change in spacing and fertilizer levels (Table 6). Spacing treatment, S2 (120 X 30 cm) recorded significant higher seed cotton yield (660 kg/ha) as compared to S1.120 X 45 cm (541 kg/ha). In case of fertilizer levels, both F2 (100 % RDF) and F3 (125 % RDF) recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield of 633 kg/ha as compared to F1 (571 kg/ha). The results conclude that geometry of 120 X 30 cm with 100 RDF (240:40:0 N, P2O5 & K2O kg/ha) is recommended.
Table 7. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of pre-released barbadense variety (ARBB 1401) as influenced by spacing and nutrient levels at Surat
SE d 14.90 14.90 18.25 21.08 25.81 36.50 CD (5%) NS 43.7 53.5 NS NS NS
Junagarh
The results with respect to spacing, fertiliser levels and their interaction were not significant with pre-released barbadense variety (ARBB 1401). The return calculation revealed that sowing with 120 x 30 cm and application of 125 % RDF fertilizer gave numerically higher gross return. Hence it is interpreted that recommended spacing of 120 X 45 cm with 75 % RDF (120-00-90 N, P2O5 & K2O kg/ha) is optimum for the genotype.
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ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Table 8. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of pre-released barbadense variety (ARBB 1401) as influenced by spacing and nutrient levels at Junagarh
Treatments S1.120 X 45 cm S2.120 X 30 cm Mean (Fertilizers) Anova SEd CD (5%)
F1.75%RDF 520 545 532 Spacing 17.35 NS
F2.100%RDF 561 562 561 Fertilizers 21.25 NS
F3.125%RDF 544 560 552 S X F 30.05 NS
Mean 542 555
Agronomic requirement of Promising pre-release Hirsutum x Barbadense (HxB ) hybrids at different locations of AICRP on Cotton in Central Zone.
Surat
The results revealed that number of bolls per sqm and boll weight (g) showed significant difference amongst various spacing levels. Spacing of 120 x 30 cm (S2) recorded significant higher number of bolls per sqm (78.4) than S1.120 X 45cm (67.5) (Table 9). On the contrary, boll weight (g) was found significantly higher in S1 (2.82 g) as compared to S2 (2.68 g). Seed cotton yield was found to vary significantly due to fertilizer levels only. Application of 125%RDF (F3) gave significant higher seed cotton yield (1557 kg/ha) as compared to 75 % RDF (1396 kg/ha), but was found at par with 100 % RDF (1514 kg/ha).The results indicated that existing geometry of 120 X 45 cm and 100 % RDF (240:40:0 kg N, P2O5 & K2O /ha) is optimum for the genotype at Surat under irrigated condition
Table 9. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of pre-released Hirsutum x Barbadense hybrids (RHB 1122) as influenced by spacing and nutrient levels at Surat
Treatments G1. RHB-1122
G2. G.Cot.Hy-102 (Local Check) Grand Mean
(Fertilisers) S1.120 X 45cm
S2. 120 x 30 cm
S2.120 X 30 cm
F1.75%RDF 1369 1451 1396 1412 1396
F2.100%RDF 1477 1554 1514 1552 1514
F3.125%RDF 1541 1586 1557 1583 1557
Interaction (two way)
S1.120 X 45 cm
S2. 120 x 30 cm
G1. RHB-1122
G2. G.Cot.Hy-102 (LC)
Interaction
G1.RHB-1122
G2. G.Cot.Hy-102 (LC)
F1.75%RDF 1361 1431 1410 1383 S1 1462 1448
F2.100%RDF 1475 1553 1516 1512 S2 1530 1516
F3.125%RDF 1530 1584 1564 1550 Mean 1496 1482
Mean 1455 1523 1496 1482
ANOVA Genotype Spacing Fertilizer
s GXS GXF GXSXF
SE d 36.319 36.319 44.479 51.363 62.906 88.963
CD (5%) NS NS 130.5 NS NS NS
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ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Junagarh
Inter specific hybrid (H X B), RHB-1122 was evaluated for agronomic requirement at Junagarh (Table 10) under irrigated condition. Application of higher/lower level of 25 % of RDF from recommended level and plant geometries tested were not influenced seed cotton yield significantly. The return calculation revealed that sowing with 120 x 30 cm gave higher and profitable gross return, net return as well as B:C ratio. The trial recommended that 75 % RDF with spacing of 120 X 30 cm for RHB-1122.
Table 10. Seed cotton yield (Kg/ha) of pre-released HX B hybrid (RHB 1122) as influenced by spacing and nutrient levels at Junagarh
Treatments S1.120 X 45
cm S2.120 X 30
cm Mean
(Fertilizers) Anova SEd
CD (5%)
F1.75% RDF 991 1066 1029 Spacing 48.91 NS
F2.100%RDF 1172 1078 1125 Fertilizers 59.90 NS
F3.125%RDF 1115 1103 1109 S X F 84.71 NS
Mean (spacing)
1093 1082
Agronomic requirements of promising pre released arboreum variety under different location of AICRP on Cotton in Central Zone. Nanded
The plant geometry had significant influence on yield attributes. Number of bolls per sq.m was the highest in closer spacing of S1 : 45 x 15 cm ( 30.56), however boll weight (2.33 g) and yield per plant (5.37 g) were reduced in S1 : 45 x 15 cm . The seed cotton yield per ha remained statistically unaffected with respect to all spacing levels. Increasing fertilizer dose was found to increase plant growth, yield contributing characters and seed cotton yield. The significantly highest seed cotton yield (694 kg/ha) was registered with fertilizer dose of 125%RDF (F3) and was at par with 100% RDF (50 : 25 : 25 kg N, P2O5 & K2O /ha) (F2) but significantly superior over 75% RDF (F1).
Table 11. Seed cotton yield (Kg/ha) of pre-released arboreum variety (PA 785) as influenced by spacing and nutrient levels at Nanded
Treatments S1 : 45 x 15 cm
S2 : 45 x 22.5 cm
S3: 45 x 30 cm
Mean (Fertilizers)
Anova SE d CD
(5%)
F1.75% RDF 609 615 635 620 Spacing 9.9 N.S.
F2.100%RDF 667 682 650 666 Fertilizers 13.0 40.0
F3.125%RDF 733 697 652 694 S X F 22.6 N.S.
Mean (spacing)
670 665 646
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ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Akola
The significantly high seed cotton yield was recorded against local check, AKA 8 (741 kgha-1) as compared to PA 785 (643 kg/ha) and also with closer plant population (60x15 cm) (757 kg ha-1). Application of 150% RDF (747kg ha-1) recorded the highest seed cotton yield but at par with 125% RDF (50:25:25 kg N, P2O5 & K2O /ha, 703kg ha-1). The interaction results revealed that agronomic requirement of 60 x 15 cm with application of 125% RDF found optimum for both the genotypes under rainfed condition.
Table 12. Seed Cotton Yield (Kg/ha) at harvest as influenced by genotypes, spacing levels and nutrient levels at Akola
Treatments
G1 PA 785
G2-AKA 8 Mean (F)
Grand Mean
S1- 60 x15
cm S2-60 x 30 cm
S1- 60 x15 cm
S2-60 x 30 cm
F1-100 % 558 615 772 620 641 697
F2-125 % 707 594 872 640 703
F3-150 % 764 679 867 676 747
Interaction 2 way
S1- 60 x15 S2-60 x
30 G1 PA
785 G2 AKA 8 Interaction
G1 PA 785
G2 AKA 8
F1-100 % 665 617 586 696 S1- 60 x15
cm 676 837
F2-125 % 790 617 651 756 S2-60 x 30
cm 629 646
F3-150 % 815 678 721 772
Mean 757 637 653 741 653 741
Anova Genotypes Spacing Fertilizers G x S G x F S x F G x S x F
SE d 14 23 26 32 37 37 53
CD (5 %) 62 63 56 90 NS NS NS
Agronomic requirements of promising pre-release/recently released hirsutum/arboreum genotypes/hybrids of cotton in South Zone
Lam
The field experiment on agronomic requirement of pre-released G. hirsutum cotton varieties (CCH-14-1 and GSHV 177) was conducted at RARS, Lam. The results of the study revealed that seed cotton yield recorded in GSHV 177 (2571 kg/ha) was significantly superior to CCH-14-1 (1302 kg/ha) (Table 13). The seed cotton yield was significantly superior with an increase of 13.1 per cent under closer spacing (90cm x 45 cm) as compared to normal spacing (105 X60 cm). Application of fertilizers, 25% more than RDF recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield (2065 kg/ha) and was on a par with 50% more RDF (1916 kg/ha). Interactions were non significant.
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ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Table 13. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of pre release hirsutum varieties as influenced by genotypes, spacing levels and nutrient levels at LAM
The results found that GSH 177 (2015 kg/ha) registered the highest seed cotton yield; which was on par with TCH 0533 (1969 kg/ ha) and significantly higher than CCH 14-1 (1745 kg/ ha). Similarly, recommended spacing of 75 x 30 cm produced significantly higher yield (2002 kg/ha) than wider spacing of 75 x 45 cm (1819 kg/ha) (Table 14). Amongst fertilizer levels, application of 125 % RDF produced though highest seed cotton yield ( 2001 kg/ha) , it was on par with that of 100 % RDF (1921 kg/ha) and significantly higher than the lesser dose of 75 % RDF (1819 kg/ha). The interaction effect was found to be not significant Table 14. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by genotypes, spacing levels an d nutrient levels at Srivilliputhur in South Zone
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Agronomic requirement of Promising pre-release Hirsutum x Barbadense (HxB ) hybrids at different locations of AICRP on Cotton in South Zone
Raichur
The two inter-specific hybrids, DHB-1009 and RHB-1122 were evaluated at two levels of fertilizers and three spacing under irrigated conditions at Raichur. The inter-specific hybrids did not show significant difference with respect to seed cotton yield (kg/ha). Fertilizer dose of 125% of RDF recorded higher seed cotton yield (1804 kg/ha) but comparable to 100% RDF (1764 kg/ha) (Table 15). Amongst spacing, 90 X 60 cm resulted in significantly higher seed cotton yield (1896 kg/ha) than 90 X 75 cm (1729 kg/ha) and 120 X 60 cm (1731 kg/ha) spacing. Interaction found non-significant. Thus, spacing of 90 X 60 cm with 100 % RDF (90-45-45 kg N, P2O5 & K2O /ha) is recommended.
Table 15. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of pre release Hx B hybrids as influenced by genotypes, spacing levels and nutrient levels at LAM
Treatments
G1.DHB-1009 G2.RHB-1122 Grand Mean (Fertilisers)
S1.90 x 60 cm
S2.90 X 75 cm
S3.120 X 60 cm
S1.90 x 60 cm
S2.90 X 75 cm
S3.120 X 60 cm
F1.100% 1875 1829 1855 1771 1667 1604 1767
F2.125% 2065 1796 1815 1872 1626 1649 1804
Interaction (two way)
S1.90 x 60 cm
S2.90 X 75 cm
S3.120 X 60 cm
G1.DHB 1009
G2.RHB 1122
Interaction
G1.DHB 1009
G2.RHB
1122
F1.100% 1823 1748 1730 1853 1892 S1 1970 1822
F2.125% 1969 1711 1732 1681 1716 S2 1813 1647
Mean 1896 1729 1731 1872 1698 S3 1835 1627
ANOVA Genotyp
e Spacing Fertilizers GXS GXF SXF GXFXS
SE d 31 31 25 43 35 43 61
CD (5%) NS 90 NS NS NS NS NS
Coimbatore
The experimental results revealed that both the genotypes (DHB 1009 and RHB 1122) responded to spacing and fertilizer levels. Yield data revealed that both the genotypes viz., HB 1009 and RHB 1122 performed significantly better with the spacing of 90 x 60 cm by recording yield of 1702 and 1613 kg/ha respectively. Fertiliser response revealed that comparable yield was obtained with recommended dose of 120: 60:60 kg/ ha (DHB1009, 1467 kg/ha and RHB 1122, 1426 kg/ha) as compared 125 % RDF (150:75:75 kg/ha ) (DHB1009 , 1514 kg/ha and RHB 1122, 1502 kg/ha)(Table 16). Thus, 90 X 60 cm spacing with 100 % RDF is identified.
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ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Table 16. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of pre release H X B hybrids as influenced by genotypes, spacing levels and nutrient levels at Coimbatore
Treatments
G1 (DHB 1009) G2 (RHB 1122)
Grand Mean (Fertilisers)
S1 – 90 x 60 cm
S2 – 120 x 60 cm
S3 – 150 x 60 cm
S3 – 150 x 60 cm
S3 – 150 x 60 cm
F1.75 % RDF 1535 1292 1287 1470 1190 1076 1287
F1: 100 %RDF 1824 1356 1447 1709 1435 1134 1447
F2 : 125% RDF 1853 1429 1508 1849 1487 1169 1508
Interaction (two way)
S1 S2 S3 G1 G2
Interaction
G1 G2
F1.75 % RDF 1503 1241 1118 1329 1245
S1 1702 1613
F1: 100 %RDF 1766 1396 1178 1467 1426
S2 1366 1360
F2 : 125% RDF 1851 1458 1214 1514 1502
S3 1207 1108
Mean 1658 1363 1157 1425 1361
Mean
1425 1361
ANOVA Genotyp
e Spacing
Fertilizers
GXS GXF SXF GXSXF
SE d 62.5 76.9 80 108 117 143 185
CD (5%) 140 171.5* 164* 242 244 299 NS
Agronomic requirements of promising pre released G. arboreum variety under different location of AICRP on Cotton in South Zone Dharwad
The results indicated that there was no significant difference in seed cotton yield between two genotypes (AKA 2008-7 and DLSA 17). Planting geometry did not influence the yield significantly but the nutrient levels had significant effect on seed cotton yield. Fertiliser level of 60:30:30 NPK kg/ha (150% RDF) recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield of 1594 kg/ha (Table 17). The interactions effects were non significant. The genotypes DLSa-17 and AKA-2008-7 with planting geometry of 90 x 30 cm and fertilizer levels of 150% RDF (60:30:30 NPK kg/ha) recommended as agronomic requirement of the genotypes for medium deep black soils under assured rainfall conditions at Dharwad
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ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Table 17. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of pre release arboreum genotypes as influenced by , spacing levels and nutrient levels at Dharwad
The agronomic requirement study of the G. arboreum genotype (AKA-2008-7) at Nandyal under rainfed condition found that seed cotton yield did not differ significantly with spacing; but significant effect was observed with fertilizers levels. Higher seed cotton yield (1524 kg/ha) was recorded with 150% RDF which was on par with 125 % RDF (1394 kg/ ha). Between genotypes, significantly higher seed cotton yield was recorded with local check, Yaganti (1506 kg/ ha) than AKA-2008-7 (1348 kg/ ha) (Table 18).
Table 18. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of pre release arboreum genotype as influenced by, spacing levels and nutrient levels at Nandyal
Treatments
V1. Yaganti V2. AKA-2008-7
Grand mean S1.60X30 cm
S2.60 X 20 cm
S1.60X30 cm
S2.60 X 20 cm
F1.100% 1327 1392 1334 1397 1362
F2.125% 1711 1677 966 1224 1394
F3.150% 1430 1502 1580 1587 1524
Interaction (two way)
S1.60X30 cm
S2.60 X 20 cm V1.
Yaganti V2. AKA-2008-7
Interaction (two way)
V1. Yaganti
V2. AKA-2008-7
F1.100% 1330 1394 1359 1365 S1.60X30 1489 1293
F2.125% 1338 1451 1694 1095 S2.60 X 20 1523 1403
F3.150% 1505 1544 1466 1583 Mean 1506 1348
Mean 1391 1463 1506 1348
ANOVA S F V SXF SXV FXV SXFXV
SE m+ 62.0 40.1 39.7 56.8 56.1 68.8 97.3
CD (5%) NS 131 122 NS NS 212 NS
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ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Agronomy 1B: Evaluation of compact cultures under High Density Planting System (HDPS) with different nutrient levels
Many cotton producing countries like Brazil, China, Australia, Spain, Uzbekistan, Argentina and Greece tested, proved and adopted HDPS as a tool to achieve higher productivity in cotton. High density planting system has been suggested as an alternative strategy to conventional for increasing yield in cotton. Mechanical picking ultimately warrant high density planting system with compact genotypes for its suitability. The trial was formulated with objective to assess performance of pre release genotypes under high density planting system, and also to find out optimum spacing and nutrient levels.
North Zone
Seed cotton yield was significantly influenced by spacing and nutrient levels at Faridkot. Higher planting geometry (67.5 x 60 cm) resulted in significantly least yield (1860 kg/ha) than all other narrow geometries. However all narrow geometries exhibited at par seed cotton yield. Application of 150 % recommended level of nutrients resulted in the highest seed cotton yield (2331kg/ha) but at par with 125% RDF (2224 kg/ha). The interaction results revealed that RS2727 recorded the highest yield (2516kg/ha) at a spacing level of 80x 15 cm with 150 % RD level of nutrition. In contrast to that in Hisar, seed cotton yield was not significantly influenced by fertilizer levels and planting geometry. The recommended spacing of 67.5X15 cm recorded the numerically highest seed cotton yield. Application of higher level of nutrients had not favoured for the crop ; hence recommended level (90: 30: 00 kg/ha of N,P2O5 & K2O) of fertiliser optimum for the genotype at Hisar.
Table 19. Effect of compact culture [Cv.RS2727] under HDPS with different nutrient level in North Zone
Treatments S1(67.5 x
15) S2 (80 x15)
S3 (100 x 10)
S4 (67.5 x 60)
Mean (Fertilizers)
Anova CV(%) CD
(5%)
Faridkot
F1.100 % RDF
1894 2079 2155 1789 1979 Spacing 6.9 173
F2.125 % RDF
2375 2350 2300 1871 2224 Fertilize
rs 9.3 176
F3.150 % RDF
2428 2516 2460 1920 2331 S X F
NS
Mean (spacing)
2232 2315 2305 1860
Hisar
F1.100% RDF
2407 1728 2490 2655 2320 Spacing 263.8 NS
F2.125% RDF
2798 2160 1564 2798 2330 Fertilize
rs 153.9 NS
F3.150% RDF
2963 2448 2325 1996 2433 S X F 364.4 NS
Mean (spacing)
2723 2112 2126 2483
D - 15
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Effect of compact culture under HDPS with different nutrient level in Central Zone Rahuri
The compact pre release variety GTHV-13/72 recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield (1985 kg ha-1), average boll weight (5.29 g) and maximum yield plant-1 (168.45 g) than GISV-272 and RAHC- 1011. The 60 x 10 cm spacing recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield (2074 kg ha-1) than 75 x 10 cm and 90 x 10 cm spacing’s. However 90 x 10 spacing recorded maximum average boll weight. Application of 150 % RDF (150:75:75 kg/ha of N,P2O5 & K2O ) recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield (1948 kg ha-1) and number of bolls/m2 (643.31) than 100 % and 125 % RDF fertilizer levels (Table 20). However it was at par with 125 % RDF fertilizer level. The results conclude that planting of 60 x 10 cm (2074 kg ha-1) and fertilizer level of 125 % RDF is recommended (125:62.5:62.5 kg/ha of N,P2O5 & K2O ) for the genotypes includes GTHV-13/72 , GISV 272 and RAHC 1011 except 100 % RDF for RAHC 1011.
Table 20. Seed cotton yield (Kg/ha) of pre-released compact cultures as influenced by spacing and nutrient levels at Rahuri
The results revealed that compact genotypes significantly increased seed cotton yield. The genotype, GISV 272 (G2) gave significantly higher seed cotton yield (3329 kg/ha). Only Spacing treatments did not influence the growth parameter, yield parameter and seed cotton yield. Incremental increase in fertilizer rate (100%, 125% and 150% of RDF) resulted in a significant increase in seed cotton yield (Table 21). Application of 150 % RDF recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield (3218 kg/ha) than other fertilizer treatments. The interaction results revealed that sowing with 90 x 10 cm with 125 % RDF is optimum for the genotypes .
D - 16
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Table 21. Seed cotton yield (Kg/ha) of pre-released compact cultures as influenced by spacing and nutrient levels at Junagarh
The compact variety ANGC 1451 (1791 kg ha-1) out yielded significantly over ANGC 1452 (1639 kg ha-1) at Nanded under rainfed condition. The length of sympodial branches (10.48 cm) and number of bolls per sqm (85.72) were found more in closer spacing 45 x 10 cm The seed cotton yield of closer spacin (45 X 10 cm) was significantly superior over recommended spacing of 60 x 30 cm (1618 kg ha-1) (Table 22). But ANGC 1452 has recorded the highest yield under spacing 75 x 10 cm (1695 kg ha-1). However, all the closer spacing were on par with each other. Application of 150% RDF was at par with 125% RDF but superior significantly over 100% RDF.
D - 17
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Table 22. Seed cotton yield (Kg/ha) of pre-released compact cultures as influenced by spacing and nutrient levels at Nanded
The genotypes did not show statistical significance with respect to seed cotton yield. The highest seed cotton yield (1232 Kg/ha) was recorded with S2 (60 x 10 cm), which was on par with S3 (1223 Kg/ha) and S1 (1208 Kg/ha), but it was found significantly superior to S4 (1134 Kg/ha).The fertilizers were found significant influence on seed cotton yield. The maximum seed cotton yield (1220 Kg/ha) was registered with F2 (125%) and the result was on par with F3 (1200 Kg/ha) . The interaction between genotypes x spacing x fertilizers also were found significant. The significantly highest seed cotton yield was obtained with the interaction of G2S2F2(1260 Kg/ha).The results conclude that 60 x 10 cm spacing and application of 125 % RDF is optimum for both the genotypes.
D - 18
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Table 22. Seed cotton yield (Kg/ha) of pre-released compact cultures as influenced by spacing and nutrient levels at Khandwa
Effect of compact culture under HDPS with different nutrient level in South Zone Coimbatore
The trial results revealed that spacing of 75 X 10 cm significantly produced higher seed cotton yield (2273 kg ha-1) followed by 60 X 10 cm (2114 kg ha-1) (Table 23). Application of 100 % of RDF of 100:50:50 kg/ha of N,P2O5 & K2O 1 produced significantly higher seed cotton yield (2028 kg /ha ) and it was comparable with 125 % RDF(Table 22) . The results indicate that both the genotypes (RAHC 1012 and TCH 1819),with a spacing of 75 x 10 cm and application of 100 % RDF ( 100:50:50 kg/ha of N,P2O5 & K2O ) was optimum.
D - 19
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Table 23. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of pre release compact genotypes as influenced by, spacing levels and nutrient levels at Coimbatore
The compact G. hirsutum variety, RAHC-1012 was evaluated at four levels of spacing and three fertilizer doses under irrigated conditions. Results indicated that spacing of 75 x 30 cm recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield (2523 kg/ha) which was on par with spacing of 90 x 10 cm (Table 24). Amongst the fertilizer levels, significant difference was not recorded with respect to seed cotton yield. Hence spacing of 75 X 30 cm and 100 % RDF (80:40:40 kg /ha of N,P2O5 & K2O) is recommended for RAHC- 1012 at Raichur under irrigated condition
Table 24. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of pre release compact genotype (RAHC-1012) as influenced by, spacing levels and nutrient levels at Raichur
Treatments G1.RAHC-1012
Grand Mean S1.60X10 cm S2.75 X 10 cm S3. 75 X 30 cm S4.90 X 10 cm
F1.100% RDF 2113 2238 2456 2368 2294
F2.125%RDF 2215 2286 2519 2427 2362
F3.150%RDF 2313 2340 2594 2520 2442
Mean 2214 2288 2523 2438
ANOVA Spacing Fertilizers S X F
SE d 62 88 157
CD (5%) 219 NS NS
D - 20
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Nandyal
Seed cotton yield was showed response to spacing and fertiliser levels tested under rainfed condition at Nandyal with compact genotype (ANGC 1452) .The Significantly highest seed cotton yield (2954 kg /ha) was recorded with spacing of 60 x 10 cm and was on par with 60 x15 cm (2924 kg/ha) and 45 cm x 10 cm (2567 kg /ha) (Table 25). Higher kapas yield (2849 kg /ha) was recorded with application of 125% RDF and was on par with 150 % RDF (2795 kg/ha). Thus spacing of 60 X 10 cm and 125 % RDF (112.5:56.25:56.25 kg /ha of N,P2O5 & K2O ) is recommended for ANGC 1452 under rainfed condition.
Table 25. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of pre release compact genotype (ANGC 1452) as influenced by spacing levels and nutrient levels at Nandyal
The results of compact genotype experiment conducted under assured rainfall condition at Dharwad. Indicated that spacing and nutrient levels had significant effect on seed cotton yield. Planting geometry of 75 cm x 10 cm recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield (3238 kg/ha) than 45 cm x 10 cm (2681 kg/ha) and 60 x 30 cm (2778 kg/ha). However, it was on par with 60 x 10 cm (3113 kg/ha). Fertiliser level of 60:30:30 NPK kg/ha (150% RDF) recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield ( 3087 kg/ha) as compared to 125% RDF ( 2968 kg/ha), and 100 % RDF (2802 kg/ha) (Table 26).
Table 26. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of pre release compact cotton genotype (ANGC-1452 ) as influenced by planting geometry and nutrient levels at Dharwad Treatment
s S1- 45 x
10 cm S2- 60 x 10 cm
S3- 75 x 10 cm
S4 - 60 x 30 cm
Mean (Fertilizers)
Anova SE. m
CD at 5%
F1.100%RDF
2567 2962 3093 2586 2802 Spacin
g 84 292
F2.125%RDF
2692 3161 3253 2767 2968 Fertiliz
ers 38 115
F3.150%RDF
2784 3216 3367 2982 3087 S x F 77 NS
Mean (spacing)
2681 3113 3238 2778
D - 21
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Agronomy II: - Weed Management in Bt Cotton Weed infestation in cotton leads to severe competition and causing yield reduction to the
extent of 85 per cent. Being a long-duration crop, weeds flourish in many flushes and compete with the crop for nutrients, moisture, light, space etc., and also harbour insects, pests and diseases. Now, selective post emergence weedicides are available for weed control in cotton. Glyphosate is non selective, cheaper, broad spectrum and systemic weedicide. The selectivity of the chemical was achieved by directed spray by using protected shield. Thus, effective and cheaper method of weeding in cotton is need of the hour. Central Zone
The results of weed control experiment conducted at Banswara and Indore revealed that poly mulch recorded significantly higher plant height, number of monopodia and Sympodia plant -1 followed by weed free check, whereas lowest under weedy check. The significantly high seed cotton yield of 4251 and 3023 kg/ha and weed control efficiency of 97.21 and 73.60 % was recorded with polymulch at Banswara and Indore respectively. The treatment polymulch recorded lower weed dry matter production and the maximum weed dry matter accumulation was noted under weedy check. The economic evaluation indicated that polymulch was found more remunerative by giving net returns of Rs 1,53,696 and 1,23,576 /ha respectively at Banswara and Indore (Table 27). Table 27. Seed cotton yield, weed control efficiency (%) and net return (Rs/Ha) as influenced by Weed Management practices in Bt Cotton in Central Zone
Treatments
Banswara Indore
Seed cotton yield
(kg/ha)
Weed control
efficiency (%)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
Seed cotton yield
(kg/ha)
Weed control
efficiency (%)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
T1.Pendimethalin @ 0.75 to 1.0 kg a.i/ha as Pre emergence or Pre-plant incorporation + one hoeing
2148 30.2 69067 1529 57.0 60334
T2.Tank mixture (Quizalofopethyl 50 g a.i/ha+ Pyrithiobac Sodium @ 62.5g a.i/ha at 2-4 leaf stage of weeds +one hoeing.
3111 70.6 108810 1778 60.0 71263
T3.Chlorimuron Ethyl @ 4.0g a.i/ha as at 2-4 leaf stage weed + one hoeing
2531 68.5 87254 1443 58.6 56547
T4.T1 + Cover crop with sunnhemp or sorghum should be sown 20 DAS of cotton
3346 69.6 110956 1180 61.2 41055
T5.T1+ Glyphosate @ 5 ml/litre as directed spray at 2-4 weed leaf stage (after hoeing)
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
South zone
Weed control experimental results at Nandyal revealed that higher weed control efficiency (59.1 %) was recorded at 90 DAS with plastic mulching (T8) followed by T5 i.e. Pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i/ha as Pre em followed by glyphosate @ 5 ml/lit as directed spray at 2-4 weed leaf stage+ one hoeing(57.1). Significantly higher seed cotton yield (3235 kg/ha) was recorded with T5 (2778 kg/ha) and T8 Plastic mulching (2748 kg/ha) . The highest Gross returns (Rs 145560/ha), net returns(Rs 85060/ha) and B: C ratio(2.4) was recorded with T5 i.e. Pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i/ha as Pre em followed by glyphosate @ 5 ml/lit as direct spray at 2-4 weed leaf stage+ one hoeing.
The results of Chamrajnagar found that among weed management practices (T8) plastic mulching recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield (2048 kg/ha), weed control efficiency ( 85.8 % ) and gross return (Rs 118799/ha) which was on par with (T6) pre emergence application of Pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i/ha followed by Tank mixture (Quizalofopethyl 50 g a.i/ha+ Pyrithiobac Sodium @ 62.5g a.i/ha) at 2-4 weed leaf stage + one hoeing (1934 kg/ha); which registered seed cotton yield of 1934 kg/ha , weed control efficiency of 83.6 % and gross return of Rs112195/ha. The cost of laying plastic mulch was high (Rs. 33188/ha) hence the treatment had not been registered higher net return which was with T6 (Rs 72409/ha).
Table 28. Seed cotton yield, weed control efficiency (%) and net return (Rs/Ha) as influenced by weed Management practices in Bt Cotton in South Zone
Treatments
Nandyal Chamrajnagar
Seed cotton yield
(kg/ha)
Weed control
efficiency (%)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
Seed cotton yield
(kg/ha)
Weed control
efficiency (%)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
T1.Pendimethalin @ 0.75 to 1.0 kg a.i/ha as Pre emergence or Pre-plant incorporation + one hoeing
2203 27.5 46495 1279 56.3 36720
T2.Tank mixture (Quizalofopethyl 50 g a.i/ha+ Pyrithiobac Sodium @ 62.5g a.i/ha at 2-4 leaf stage of weeds +one hoeing.
2232 52.0 45476 1618 81.4 55383
T3.Chlorimuron Ethyl @ 4.0g a.i/ha as at 2-4 leaf stage weed + one hoeing
2309 25.5 52125 1084 58.3 26093
T4.T1 + Cover crop with sunnhemp or sorghum should be sown 20 DAS of cotton
2061 42.8 39941 1284 68.8 35810
T5.T1+ Glyphosate @ 5 ml/litre as directed spray at 2-4 weed leaf stage (after hoeing)
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Agronomy III a: Improving use efficiency of inputs (water) Effective management of moisture can help to increase the productivity of cotton. Different mulches with drip irrigation were attempted to conserve and increase the efficiency of water in central zone.
The results revealed that soil moisture conservation methods showed significant improvement in water use efficiency, at Junagarh, Akola, Banswara and Indore. Poly mulching gave significantly higher seed cotton yield of 2197, 4451 and 3140 kg/ha over other treatments and control recorded the lowest yield of 1564, 2679 and 2250 kg/ha at Junagarh , Banswara and Indore respectively. Economical point of view, net return was highest in application of water through drip at poly mulch(T2) as compare to remaining treatments at Junagarh (Rs. 31707 Rs/ha), Banswara (Rs. 114410/- ha ) and Indore (Rs. 163678/ha). The highest water use efficiency of 4.19, 13.20 and 3.15 kg/ha-mm and water productivity of Rs 41.93, 45.98 and 14.7 /m3 was recorded with poly mulch at Junagarh , Banswara and Indore, respectively.
The results at Akola revealed that significant seed cotton yield (2206 Kg/ha) was recorded with bio- mulching (Crop residue 5 ton ha-1 on Broad Bed Furrow (BBF) with drip), which was at par with poly mulching on BBF with drip irrigation treatment. The seed cotton yield increased by 37 % in crop residue mulching over control. The WUE (4.88 kg ha mm-1), water productivity (211 Rs m-
3), Gross return (Rs 95,300 ha-1), net return (Rs. 51,893 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (2.20) were maximum with crop residue mulching on BBF (Table 29).
Table 29. Seed cotton yield and net return (Rs/ha) as influenced by mulches in Central Zone
Treatments
Junagarh Akola Banswara Indore
Seed
cotton yield (kg/ ha)
Net return
(Rs/ ha)
Seed
cotton yield
(kg/ha)
Net return
(Rs/ ha)
Seed
cotton yield
(kg/ha)
Net return (Rs/ha)
Seed
cotton yield
(kg/ha)
Net return (Rs/ha)
T1. Control 1564 19859 1613 28306 2679 89556 2250 90030
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Agronomy III(b): Enhancing Nitrogen use efficiency in Bt cotton
Adoption of Bt hybrids enhanced fertilizer use by 2.3 times from 98 to 222 kg/ha. Amongst different nutrients, rate of nitrogen use increased more. Hence intensive research enhance nitrogen use efficiency, by identifying method of application and incorporation of suitable legumes component to increase nitrogen use efficiency is gaining momentum in Bt cotton cultivation. North Zone
The results of enhancing nitrogen use efficiency in Bt cotton at Faridkot and Bathinda revealed that significantly higher seed cotton yield recorded under 100 % of RDN+ Foliar application of 2 % KNO3 (T7) as compared all other treatments; However, it was at par with T5 (75 % of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 Split: Basal, Squaring, Flowering, Boll development)) and T6 (T5 + Foliar application of 1 % urea (3 times: Squaring, Flowering, Boll development)). Significantly least seed cotton yield was found in control (T1). Almost similar trend was found for monetary parameters viz., gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio . The result indicated the possibility of reducing 25 % N application to Bt cotton by making Spot application in 4 Split: Basal, Squaring, Flowering, Boll development by 75 % RDF + Foliar application of 1 % urea (3 times: Squaring, Flowering, Boll development) (Table 30).
Table 30. Seed cotton yield and net return (Rs/ha) as influenced by different methods of nitrogen application in North Zone
Tre
atm
en
ts Faridkot Bathinda Hisar Sriganganagar
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
NUE (Kg/Kg of N)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
NUE (Kg/Kg of
N)
Seed cotton Yield (kg/
ha)
NUE (Kg/Kg of
N)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
NUE (Kg/Kg of N)
T1. 2091 - 1808 - 787 - 2923 -
T2. 3016 20.0 2923 19.5 1524 8.7 4428 29.5
T3. 2771 24.5 2402 21.4 1110 8.5 3905 34.7
T4. 2894 25.6 2618 23.3 1115 8.5 3882 34.5
T5. 3058 27.1 2798 24.8 1085 8.3 4009 35.6
T6. 3099 29.4 2950 24.7 1769 12.5 4112 36.6
T7. 3317 23.9
22.4 1706 13.0
-
T8. 3604 - 3427 - 13.0 -
T8. -
- 1862 14.2 3951 35.1
SEd 232.4 - 211 1.7 126 - 111 -
CD (5%)
498 - 460 NS 273 - 233 -
T1.N0 Control T2.100 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) T3.75 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) T4.75 % of RDN +Placement(Spot application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) T5.75 % of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 Split: Basal, Squaring, Flowering, Boll development) T6.T5+Foliar application of 1 % urea (3 times: Squaring, Flowering, Boll development) T7. T5 +Foliar application of 2 % KNO3 (3 times: Squaring, Flowering, Boll development) T8. 100 % of RDN (2 splits as per Univ. Recd) + Foliar application of 2 % KNO3 (4 times: at weekly intervals during Flowering and Boll development) T8. T5+raising of Sunnhemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
D - 25
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
In Hisar, seed cotton yield was significantly higher with 75 % of RDN in spot application of 4 Split and raising of Sunnhemp between rows incorporated before flowering (T9) and was at par with 75 % of RDN in spot application in 4 Split with foliar application of 2 % KNO3 (T7) and 75 % of RDN in spot application in 4 Split with foliar application of 1 % urea (T6). At Sriganganagar the recommended doses of fertilizer in two splits ie., Basal and Flowering gave the highest seed cotton yield (4427.70kg/ha) which was significantly superior over rest of the treatments
Central Zone
The results of experiment on enhancing Nitrogen use efficiency revealed that the treatment T7 : 75% of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 splits at Basal, squaring, Flowering and boll development) + Foliar application of 1 % urea (3 times: squaring, Flowering and boll development) + raising of Sunnhemp/fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield of 2641, 1619 and 3414 kg/ha respectively at Rahuri, Khandwa and Banswara (Table 32). The same method of application (T7) recorded , maximum gross returns of Rs. 1,26,784 and 72,855 ha-1, net return of Rs. 59,537 and 32,300 ha-1 and B:C ratio 1.88 and 1.79 respectively at Rahuri and Khandwa. However, the results of Junagarh revealed that the treatment T6: 75% of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 splits at Basal, squaring, Flowering and boll development) + Foliar application of 1 % urea (3 times: squaring, Flowering and boll development) recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield (2456 kg ha-1), maximum gross returns (Rs. 1,15,445 ha-1), net returns (Rs. 63,116 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.21).
Table 31. Seed cotton yield and net return (Rs/ha) as influenced by different methods of nitrogen application in Central Zone
Treatments
Rahuri Junagarh Khandwa Banswara
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
Seed cotton Yield (kg/ ha)
NUE(Kg/Kg of
N)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
T1.N0 Control 1434 18280 1734 0.0 954 5700 1068
T2.100 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
2044 36028 2109 8.79 1400 23540 2799
T3.75 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
1828 27394 2018 11.21 1350 21540 2010
T4.75 % of RDN +Placement(Spot application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
2009 35032 2086 11.59 1383 22859 2229
T5.75 % of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 Split: Basal, Squaring, Flowering, Boll development)
T7. T6+raising of Sunnhemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
2641 59537 2343 13.02 1619 32299 3414
SEd 91.21 111 - 49 164
CD (5%) 258.3 343 - 150 409
D - 26
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
South Zone
The experiment was conducted to enhancing the nitrogen use efficiency for the Bt cotton revealed that significant higher seed cotton yield was obtained with Treatment, T7 (75 % of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 Split: Basal, Squaring, Flowering, Boll development + Foliar application of 1 % urea 3 times: Squaring, Flowering, Boll development + raising of Sunnhemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering) which recorded 2417 and 1749 kg/ha respectively at Raichur and Dharwad. The same method of N application (T7) resulted in significantly higher net returns (Rs.27,938 /ha) and N-use efficiency (23.32 kg/kg N) at Dharwad. In LAM, the method of N application, T6 (75% of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 splits at Basal, squaring, Flowering and boll development) + Foliar application of 1 % urea (3 times: squaring, Flowering and boll development)) recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield (3132 kg/ha), maximum gross returns (Rs. 1,35,315 ha-1), net returns (Rs. 55,409/ha) and B:C ratio (1.69) . The significantly higher seed cotton yield (3325 kg/ha), gross returns (Rs 1,49,610/ha), net return (Rs 89,110/ha) and B: C ratio(2.5) were recorded with application of 100 % of RDN (Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering ( T2) at Nandyal (Table 32).
Table 32. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and net return (Rs/ha) as influenced by different methods of nitrogen application in South Zone
Treatments
Raichur LAM Nandyal Dharwad
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
NUE ( Kg/Kg
of N)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
NUE ( Kg/Kg
of N)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
NUE ( Kg/Kg
of N)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
NUE ( Kg/Kg
of N)
T1.N0 Control 1839 - 2145 - 2111 - 1202 -
T2.100 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
1934 10.74 3022 20.15 3325 10.2 1692 16.9
T3.75 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
1988 14.73 2618 23.27 2894 11.9 1640 21.8
T4.75 % of RDN +Placement(Spot application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
2287 16.94 2654 23.59 2623 10.8 1645 21.9
T5.75 % of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 Split: Basal, Squaring, Flowering, Boll development)
T7. T6+raising of Sunnhemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
2417 17.90 3109 27.64 2455 9.9 1749 23.3
SEd 63 169 285 68 0.9
CD (5%) 184 372
620
209 2.7
D - 27
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Agronomy IV: Technology for organic cotton Production North Zone
The organic nutrient management packages including seed treatment, soil application of recommended bio fertilizers, foliar application of pink pigmented facultative methylotrops (PPFM) at flowering, soil application of Neem cake @ 250 kg/ha and raising of Sunnhemp between rows incorporated before flowering (T10) registered significantly higher seed cotton yield (1728 kg/ha) and organic carbon content (0.44 %) at Khanpur. However, higher net return (Rs36,084/ha) was calculated with T9 includes soil application of recommended bio fertilizers, foliar application of pink pigmented facultative methylotrops (PPFM) at flowering with raising of Sunnhemp between rows incorporated before flowering (Table 33). At Sriganganagar , application of 100 % RDF of nutrient through organic based on P equivalent basis gave better yield ( 2222 kg/ha) over control and rest of the treatments except with seed treatment and soil applications of recommended bio fertilizers and foliar PPFM + neem cake @250 kg/ha ( 2082 kg/ha) (T8). Table 33.Seed cotton yield as influenced by organic nutrient management packages in North Zone
Treatment schedule Sriganganagar Kanpur
T1.Absolute control (No organic & Inorganic) 1333 1162
T2.Control (RDN through inorganic) 2041 1316
T3.RD of Nutrient through organic based on P equivalent basis 2222 1481
T4. Seed treatment and soil application of rec. bio fertilisers and foliar application of PPFM
1827 1460
T5.Neem cake 250 kg/ha 1630 1460
T6.Raising of .Sunnhemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
1794 1563
T7.Intercropping with green gram/black gram/ ground nut/soybean 1630 1501
T8.T4+T5 2082 1666
T9.T4+T6 1918 1728
T10.T4+T5+T6 1942 1728
T11: T4+ T5 + T7 1877 1563
SEd 110.6 114.7
CD at 5 % 217 240
Central Zone
The result of nutrient management through organics revealed that significantly higher seed cotton yield was recorded with package includes application of 100 % RDF of nutrient through organic based on P equivalent basis (T3) at Banswara (2303 kg/ha), Akola (1775 kg/ha), Rahuri (1598 kg/ha), Bhawanipatna (1580 kg/ha) , Indore (1020 kg/ha) and Nanded (711 kg/ha). The same method realised higher net return at Rahuri (Rs 13,002/ha) and Bhawanipatna (Rs35,209/ha) and also improved organic carbon status (0.62%) at Bhawanipatna
D - 28
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Soil application of recommended bio fertilizers, foliar application of pink pigmented
facultative methylotrops (PPFM) at flowering, soil application of Neem cake @ 250 kg/ha and raising of Sunnhemp between rows incorporated before flowering (T10) registered significantly higher seed cotton yield at Khandwa ( 1200 kg/ha) and maintained the higher organic carbon status (0.59 % ) at Indore. The packages including Seed treatment and soil application of recommended bio fertilizers, foliar application of pink pigmented facultative methylotrops (PPFM) at flowering, soil application of Neem cake 250 kg/ha and Intercropping with green gram / black gram / ground nut / soybean (T11) registered significantly higher seed cotton yield at Junagarh ( 1387 kg/ha) and Surat (836 kg/ha) (Table 34) .
Intercropping with green gram / black gram / ground nut / soybean alone (T7) was found to be the most profitable in terms of net return at Akola (Rs 54,127/ha), Indore (Rs 33,995/ha), Khandwa (Rs16,100) and Nanded (Rs 20,991/ha). Table 34. Seed cotton yield as influenced by organic nutrient management packages in CZ
CD at 5 % 218.8 111.91 150.9 101.4 NS 74.2 117.7 254.9 161.0
T1.Absolute control (No organic & Inorganic) T2.Control (RDN through inorganic) T3.RD of Nutrient through organic based on P equivalent basis T4. Seed treatment and soil application of rec. bio fertilisers and foliar application of PPFM T5.Neem cake 250 kg/ha T6.Raising of .Sunnhemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering T7.Intercropping with green gram/black gram/ ground nut/soybean
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South Zone
The organic nutrient management packages including seed treatment and soil application of recommended bio fertilizers, foliar application of pink pigmented facultative methylotrops (PPFM) at flowering, soil application of Neem cake @250 kg/ha and intercropping of black gram (T11) had registered significantly higher seed cotton yield at LAM (1228 kg/ha). The same package gave high net return (Rs 73,589/ha) at Dharwad (Table 35). The nutrient management method of application of recommended dose of nutrients through organics, based on P equivalent basis (T3) recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield (2172 kg/ha) than other organic treatments at Dharwad (2172 kg/ha) and Nandyal (888 kg/ha). Seed treatment and soil application of recommended bio fertilisers and foliar application of PPFM , application of neem cake 250 kg/ha and raising of sunnhemp between rows and incorporated before flowering (T10) recorded higher yield of 1067 and 1701 kg/ha, net return of Rs9600 and 31540/ha respectively in Coimbatore and Srivilliputhur. The same treatment maintained the higher organic carbon content (0.66 %) at Coimbatore. Table 35.Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by organic nutrient management packages in South Zone
T2.Control (RDN through inorganic) 2769 1535 903 1790 1865
T3.RD of Nutrient through organic based on P equivalent basis
2172 1124 888 1496 965
T4. Seed treatment and soil application of rec. bio fertilisers and foliar application of PPFM
1785 893 795 1336 849
T5.Neem cake @250 kg/ha 1781 1112 675 1385 923
T6.Raising of .Sunnhemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
1671 1068 568 1416 871
T7.Intercropping with green gram/black gram/ ground nut/soybean
994
879 544 1311 842
T8.T4+T5 1910 1224 649 1427 963
T9.T4+T6 1733 1077 697 1451 905
T10.T4+T5+T6 2010 1210 641 1701 1067
T11: T4+ T5 + T7 1432
1228 823 1627 1001
CD at 5 % 388 251 144 173.3 145
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Agronomy V: Conservation agriculture in cotton based cropping system
The first year result of conservation treatments revealed that different conservation agriculture practices, permanent bed system + zero tillage with no residue management (T5) produced significantly higher seed cotton yield (2542 kg/ha) and stalk yield (5497 kg/ha) which was statistically at par with Permanent bed system + Zero tillage+ 50 % residue management (T6) in case of seed cotton yield. The highest gross return (Rs1,19,472/ha), net return (Rs62,153/ha) and B:C ratio (2.08) were observed in treatment T5 at Junagarh (Table 36). At Srivilliputhur, as this is the first crop of the cropping system, and there was no significant effect was observed on all the growth, yield parameters and seed cotton yield.
Table 36. Growth characters, Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and economics as influenced by conservation treatments at Junagarh
Treatments
Coimbatore Junagarh
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
Gross return
(Rs/ ha)
Net Return
(Rs/ ha)
MBCR
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
Gross return (Rs/ha)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
MBCR
T1.Conventional tillage+ No residue management
1882 86572 35772 1.70 2115 99391 43054 1.76
T2.Zero tillage+ No residue management
1915 88090 37290 1.73 1723 80988 29227 1.56
T3.Zero tillage+ 50 % residue management
1943 89378 38578 1.76 2074 97495 43890 1.82
T4.Zero tillage+ 100 % residue management
1974 90804 40004 1.79 2050 96359 42881 1.80
T5.Permanent bed system + Zero tillage + No residue management
2012 92552 40352 1.77 2542 119472 62153 2.08
T6.Permanent bed system + Zero tillage+ 50 % residue management
1995 91770 39570 1.76 2180 102482 47061 1.85
T7.Permanent bed system + Zero tillage+ 100 % residue management
2028 93288 41088 1.79 2031 95472 40834 1.75
SEd 74.2
135 - - -
CD (5%) NS
416 - - -
Agronomy VI: Labour saving techniques in Cotton cultivation
Cotton is a labour intensive crop. Mechanization in Cotton cultivation is far behind in comparison to other crops like wheat, maize, sunflower, including rice. However, implements and machineries are developed and available for seed bed preparation, sowing, weeding, interculture and plant protection. The mechanization technologies available for cotton can be used in combination with chemicals for weeding and drip for irrigation to reduce the cost of cultivation and at the same time to alleviate the labour problem and hence, the same was attempted here.
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Central Zone
Labour saving trial results revealed that significantly higher seed cotton yield at Kanpur (1900 kg/ha), Akola (1580kg/ha), Surat (3745 kg/ha) and Nanded (2429kg/ha) were recorded with practice of having land shaping by machine with poly mulch under rainfed condition (T7) (Table 37). The same labour saving practice registered higher net return at Kanpur (Rs37,650/ha) and Akola(Rs22,443/ha). In Bhawanipatna, the results revealed that significantly higher seed cotton yield (3274 kg/ha) , net return (Rs 1,03,456/), B:C ratio (3.73) and least man days (126.7 man days/ha) required were reported with labour saving treatment T6 which has land shaping by machine, pre and post emergence weed control, intercultural operation by animal drawn and spraying by power sprayer .The same labour saving practice (T6) had lowest labour requirement at Surat , Akola (70 man days/ha) and Nanded (113 man days/ha) also. The highest net return was found in treatment T5 includes Land shaping by machine, pre and post emergence application and intercultural operation (harrowing/junior hoe/earthing up) by animal/tractor drawn at Surat (Rs. 1,50,325/ha) and Nanded (Rs45,978/ha) (Table 37).
Table 37. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha), labour used (Man days/ha) and Net return (Rs/ha) as influenced by Labour saving practices in Central Zone
Kanpur Surat Akola Bhawanipatna Nanded
Tre
atm
en
ts
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
Labour used
(No./ha)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ ha)
Labour used (No./ ha)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ ha)
Labour used (No./ ha)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ ha)
Labour used (No./ ha)
T1. 1393 144 2943 866 87 2655 194.3 1697 157
T2. 1417 128 3198 993 91 2714 183.7 1829 162
T3. 1305 83 3225 1101 82 2738 165.7 1766 123
T4. 1578 86 3494 1162 71 2781 149.0 1916 133
T5. 1330 86 3685 1261 74 3216 132.0 1941 129
T6. 1355 84 3641 1325 70 3274 126.7 1899 113
T7. 1900 91 3745 1580 104 3112 162.3 2428 139
SEd 58.52 - 73.35 37 68.81 1.58 78.6 3.0
CD (5%)
127.51 - 226 113 211.9 4.88 238.5 8.0
T1.Control T2.T1 +Land shaping by machine T3.T2+ post emergence application T4.T3+ pre and post emergence application T5.T4+intercultural operation (harrowing/junior hoe/earthing up) by animal/tractor drawn T6. T5+ Boom sprayer /Others sprayers (operated by tractor/power tiller/others) T7.T2+ Poly mulch (rainfed centre)
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South Zone
The results on labour saving techniques adoption in Coimbatore under irrigated condition found that adoption of drip fertigation with polymulch (T9) registered significantly higher seed cotton yield (2348 kg/ha), net return (Rs 60,204/ha) and less labour used as compared to control. Optimum labour saving techniques arrived for Bt cotton under rainfed condition found that the significantly higher seed cotton yield recorded at Raichur (2624 kg/ha) and Nandyal (3041 kg/ha) with land shaping by machine + Poly mulch (T7). The same practice ( T7) registered significantly highest net return (Rs 88961/ha ) and benefit cost ratio (2.69) at Raichur and least labour required (80 man days/ha) at Nandyal (Table 38). In LAM, labour saving treatment (T6) with land shaping by machine, pre and post emergence for weed control , intercultural operation by animal drawn with spraying by tractor/power tiller operated sprayer registered significantly higher seed cotton yield (2829 kg/ha) , net return (Rs 20379/), B:C ratio (1.84) and least man days (115 man days/ha) required for cotton cultivation.
Table 38. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha), labour used (Man days/ha) and Net return (Rs/ha) as influenced by Labour saving practices
T1.Control T2.T1 +Land shaping by machine T3.T2+ post emergence application T4.T3+ pre and post emergence application T5.T4+intercultural operation (harrowing/junior hoe/earthing up) by animal/tractor drawn T6. T5+ Boom sprayer /Others sprayers (operated by tractor/power tiller/others) T7.T2+ Poly mulch (rainfed centre) T8.T6 + drip fertigation (only for irrigated centres) T9.Drip fertigation+ poly mulch (only for irrigated centres)
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Agronomy VII Canopy management in HDPS cotton under high fertility condition
North Zone The canopy management results revealed that mepiquat chloride application 20 g a.i./ha.
at 60 and 75 DAS (G3) registered significantly higher yield at Faridkot (2341 kg/ha ), Bathinda (2393 kg/ha), Hisar (2985 kg/ha) and Sriganganagar (3270 kg/ha) than control . The same treatment (G3) reduced the largest sympodial length (cm) @ 28.3, 22.2 and 16.2 per cent as compared to control respectively with Faridkot , Bathinda and Hisar. However, the effect was on par with mepiquat @20 g ai /ha at 60 days after sowing Faridkot , Bathinda , Hisar and Sriganganagar (Table 39).
Table 39.Largest sympodial length (cm) and Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by growth retardant and nutrient levels in North Zone
Treatments
Largest sympodial length (cm) Seed cotton yield (kg/ha)
G2.Mepiquat chloride application 20 g a.i./ha. at 60 DAS
21.61 20.63 20.83 21.02 2888 3393 3437 3239
G3.Mepiquat chloride application 20 g a.i./ha. at 60 and 75 DAS
19.48 21.66 19.78 20.30 3343 3201 3266 3270
Mean 20.57 20.64 20.26 20.57 3127 3202 3179
ANOVA GR N dose GRXN
GR N dose GRXN
CD (5%) 0.19 0.19 0.57
39 39 118
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Agronomy VIII. Testing of product developed from human hair by Bio- processing and Herbal Division of Mahatma Gandhi Institute for Rural Industrialization
The results revealed that application of human hair product under evaluation at either of the two doses could not give any significant impact on seed cotton yield and other growth and yield parameters at Faridkot, Bathinda , Sriganganagar, Bhawanipatna, Coimbatore and LAM. In contrary to that application of NPK at recommended dose + Spraying @ 9 ml/l of human hair product at two times on 65-70 and 80-90 days after sowing (T2) registered significantly increased seed cotton yield at Khandwa (1072 kg/ha) and Banswara (3385 kg/ha) as compared to control ( application of NPK at recommended dose). However, the effect was on par with application of NPK at recommended dose + Spray two times of human hair product at 65-70 and 80-90 days after sowing @ 6 ml/l (T1) both at Khandwa (1063 kg/ha) and Banswara (3210 kg/ha) (Table 40).
Table 40. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by spraying of human hair product in NZ Treatments T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 SE d CD (5%)
Faridkot 2834 2972 2933 2946
3224 2993 1879 192.3 419
Bathinda 3118 3254 3071 3159
3602 3303 1878 232 505
Sriganganagar 4533 4605 4239 4109 4554
4504 2951 356 747
Khandwa 1063 1072 969 971 980
983 686 7 20
Bhawanipatna 1733 2132 2075 2061 1923
1828 1064 109 335
Banswara 3210 3385 2593 2691 3012
2963 1141 187 465
Coimbatore 1961 1973 1952 1985 2118
2044 891 100.8 219
LAM 2967 3045 2896 3017 2871
3106 2103 220 484
T1.NPK + 2 Spray 65-70 and 80-90 DAS @ 6 ml/l T2. NPK + 2Spray 65-70 and 80-90 DAS @ 9 ml/l T3.NPK (control) T4.NPK + Water spray at 65-70 and 80-90 DAS T5.NPK + PGR’s two sprays at 65-70 and 80-90 DAS T6. NPK + 2% KNO3 (4 sprays at BD T7.NPK + Nutrient equivalent of Human hair by urea at 65-70 and 80-90 DAS T8. Control (no fertilizer)
Agronomy IX. Paid trial 1. Efficacy testing of Super absorbent ( UPDT ) trial- protocol of UPL limited
The experiment on efficacy testing of Super absorbent was conducted under rainfed condition in central zone at Surat, Akola, Nanded and Khandwa with two dose (12.5 and 18 kg/ha) of super absorbent in two times of deep placement (sowing and 30 DAS) and combined with moisture conservation methods (insitu and control). The results of the experiment revealed that the significantly higher seed cotton yield recorded with application super absorbent @ 18 kg/ha (S3) as compared to control (S1) at Akola ( 1504 kg/ha), Nanded (2033 kg/ha) and Khandwa (1104 kg/ha); However the result was on par with application of reduced dose of super absorbent@ 12.5 kg/ha (S2) at Akola ( 1431 kg/ha), Nanded (1935 kg/ha) and Khandwa (1082 kg/ha). Between times of application (sowing and 30 DAS) there were no significant differences observed in all three
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centres. In Surat, results indicated that growth and yield parameters did not improve significantly by application of super absorbent (Table 41).
Table 41.Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by moisture conservation, times of sowing and super absorbent in Central Zone
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
PHY.1. Exp1: Screening of Cotton genotypes for abiotic stress tolerance Phy 1a: Screening of G. hirsutum cotton genotypes for drought tolerance Centre: Lam, GUNTUR
Amongst genotypes tested for drought tolerance, significant variation was noticed in number of sympodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, boll weight and seed cotton yield per plant. The entries viz; CPD 1602, GSHV 520, GSHV-523, L 604, SIMA-5 and TCH- 1199 recorded higher seed cotton yield under need based irrigated conditions, whereas the entries viz; CPD 1602, GSHV 520, GSHV-523, PH- 071, SIMA-5 and TCH-327 recoded higher seed cotton yield under rainfed conditions. From the experimental results, it is inferred that the entries viz; CPD 1602, GSHV 520, GSHV-523, PH- 071, SIMA-5 and TCH-327 have shown good performance under rain fed conditions with their inbuilt tolerance to drought having more than two contributing characters of drought tolerance in addition to yield attributing characters under low moisture conditions.
Table 42: Performance of genotypes under rainfed and need based irrigated conditions - LAM
Name of the Parameter
Need based irrigated conditions Rainfed conditions
Relative water content
CPD 1602, GSHV 520, GSHV-523, L 604, SIMA-5 and TCH- 1199.
CPD 1602, GSHV 520, GSHV-523, PH- 071, SIMA-5 and TCH-327.
Specific leaf weight (SLW)
CCH-16-1, CPD 1601, GSH 477, GSHV-523, L 604, L 799, RB 611, RB
Genotypes differed significantly for seed cotton yield across water regimes. The highest yield was recorded by CPD-1652 (1704 kg/ha) followed by Sahana (1597 kg/ha) and CPD-1651 (1556 kg/ha). The lowest yield was with RAH-1070 (677 kg/ha) followed by GIHV-520 (825 kg/ha), GJHV-497 ( (886 kg/ha), RB-611 (881 kg/ha) and GJHV497(886 kg/ha). Among the interaction effects, the highest yield recorded with CPD-1652 (1882 kg/ha) followed by Sahana (1848 kg/ha),
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ARBH-1651(1833 kg/ha) and CPD-1651 (1828 kg/ha) under rainfed and the lowest was with NDLH-1938 (514 kg/ha) under irrigated condition. Leaf relative water content (RWC) differed significantly for water regimes, genotypes and their interaction. Mean RWC was significantly more (76.43%) in irrigated compared to rainfed (69.42%) situation. Among the genotypes the highest RWC was with CPD-1652 (77.41%) followed by Suraj (76.42) and l-1060 (76.08%) and the lowest RWC was in ARBH-1651 (67.84%) followed by CPD-1651 (69.64%). Mean photosynthetic rate was significantly higher in irrigated compared to rainfed condition. Among the genotypes, significantly higher mean photosynthetic rate was recorded by Sahana (24.75 µmol m-2 sec-1) followed by RAH-1070 (23.9 µmol m-2 sec-1) and PH-1071 (23.7 µmol m-2 sec-1). The lowest was with AKH-1301 (15.59 µmol m-2 sec-1) followed by CPD-1652 (16.26 µmol m-2 sec-1) and RB-611 (16.53 µmol m-2 sec-1). Among the interaction effect, the highest photosynthetic rate was with RAH-1070 (28.36 µmol m-2 sec-1) and the lowest rate was with AKH-1301 (11.30 µmol m-2 sec-1) under rainfed condition (Table 43).
Among all the genotypes including checks, the three genotypes viz., CPD-1652, Sahana, CPD-1651 and ARBH-1651 recorded the highest seed cotton yield both under irrigated and rainfed conditions. The genotypes viz., NDLH-1938 (-152%), RB-610 (-150%), RB-611 (-121%) and CNH-09-77 (-120%) showed maximum yield reduction under irrigated compared rainfed condition. Based on biplot analysis for drought susceptibility index (DSI) and mean yield of genotypes, eight genotypes viz., CPD-1652, Sahana, CPD-1651, GJHV-523, RAH-1071, L-1060, CNH-7012 and NDLH-2027 are found to be drought tolerant genotypes.
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Table 43- Relative water content (%), Photosynthetic rate (µmol m-2 sec-1) and Seed cotton yield in cotton genotypes under different water regimes
Genotypes RWC (%)
Photosynthetic rate (µmol m-2 sec-1)
Seed Cotton Yield (kg/ha) % Yield Reduction
DSI
Irrigated Rainfed Mean Irrigated Rainfed Mean Irrigated Rainfed Mean
Screening of G. hirsutum cotton genotypes for drought tolerance found that proline content increased significantly in most of genotypes, whereas, the relative water content (RWC) and specific leaf weight (SLW) were found to decrease in moisture stress condition as compared to irrigated condition . The highest and lowest proline content was observed in H 1506 and H 1508 genotype, respectively, under moisture stress condition. The genotypes H 1489, H 1506 and H 1480 showed maximum increase in proline content under moisture stress condition as compared to
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irrigated control (Table 44). The relative water content and specific leaf weight was found to decline significantly in most of genotypes under moisture stress condition as compared to irrigated condition. However, least decline was observed in H 1489, H 1480, H 1506 and H 1524 genotypes for both the characters. Higher CSI was observed for genotypes H 1489, H 1480, H 1506 and H 1524. The genotypes H 1518 showed the highest seed cotton yield under both irrigated and moisture stress conditions, respectively.
Among the 17 genotypes screened for drought tolerance, H 1480 followed by H 1472, H
1523, H 1524, H 1489, HS 294 and H 1491 genotypes recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield under moisture stress condition. The genotypes, H 1489, H 1524 and H 1506 were known for drought tolerance because of high degree indices for YSI, CSI and proline content and very less reduction RWC, SLW and seed cotton yield under stress condition.
Table 44. Stress indices and Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of genotypes under different water regimes at Hisar
Mean 74.46 73.01 1.53 2.45 2,207.30 2,064.58 8.55 7.77
A 1.42 0.03 NS 0.46
B 4.15 0.08 474.05 1.35
Factor (A X B) NS 0.12 NS NS
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Surat
Screening of G. hirsutum L. cotton genotypes for drought tolerance at Surat revealed that difference for relative water content (RWC), SLW (Specific Leaf weight) and SLA (Specific Leaf Area) were significant due to genotypes in both conditions. Seed cotton yield was the highest in genotypes GISV-319 and GSHV-199 followed by GJHV-497 in moisture stress and irrigated conditions. Photosynthesis rate, Conductance, Transpiration rate and SPAD value were significantly deviated among genotypes in both conditions. As well as total chlorophyll content and proline content were significant due to genotypes under drought and irrigated conditions. Reducing sugar was found high in genotype ARBB-1401(11.12 mg/g of tissue) and low in Suraj (3.30 mg/g of tissue) under rainfed condition whereas it was the highest in G.Cot-16 under irrigated condition. Chlorophyll stability and Protein Content were significantly differed among all genotypes in drought and irrigated conditions. Chlorophyll stability index was found significantly high in CPD-1702, RHC-1346 and GSHV-199 under drought condition and CPD-1702 and GJHV-523 under irrigated condition (Table 45).
Table 45. Chlorophyll stability index, Relative water content (%), Proline content (mg/gm tissue), SLW (mg/cm2) and Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) in cotton genotypes under different water regimes at Surat
Genotypes Chlorophyll
stability index
RWC (%) Proline content
mg/gm tissue
Seed cotton yield (kg/ha)
SLW (mg/cm2)
IR (A) RF (A) IR (A) RF (A) IR (A) RF (A) IR (A) RF (A)
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Khandwa
The results of drought tolerance studies revealed that the significantly highest yield was recorded in genotype TCH-1199 (1969 kg/ha) and followed byTSH-327(1810 kg/ha.), AR-9108 (1746 kg/ha ), AR-9108 (1736 kg/ha), RCH-1217(1695 kg/ha),RHC-1202(1691 kg/ha) and RB-616 (1642 kg/ha). The Relative Water Content of the leaves gradually depleted as the crop growth advances with the decrease in soil moisture. The genotype TCH-1199 was superior with respect to RWC (65.87). The maximum Specific leaf weight (SLW) was found in TSH-327(0.0115mg/cm2. The highest SLA found in RHC-1217(112.38 cm2/ mg) and followed by RB-611(111.60) and GJHV-518(108.11). The highest root shoot ratio was found in RB-616 (0.84) and the lowest was (0.45) in PH-1071 and RS-2835.
The result on photosynthesis activity of different genotypes revealed that in the genotype TCH-1199 was found maximum (19.74µmol m²s-¹) and the minimum Photosynthesis activity performed by RB-610(11.52 µmol m²s-¹). The minimum stomatal conductance was found in AR-9108 (169.00 m mol m²s-¹). The maximum stomatal conductance was found in L-1060 (307.0mol m²s-¹) which was found inferior. On the basis of rate of transpiration, the superior genotype was found TSH-327 which have minimum rate of transpiration (10.71 m mol m²s-¹) followed by AR-9108 (11.27mmol m²s-¹) and RS-2835(12.11). The maximum rate of transpiration was found in RHC-1202 (16.88 m mol m²s-¹). Hence these genotypes were found superior for further screening. The maximum Chlorophyll stability was observed in the genotypes TSH-327(82.00 mg/gm of fresh leaves)) and followed by TSH-324(81.67) and TCH-1199(81.07) mg/gm of fresh leaves). Hence these genotypes were found superior for further screening. Screening of varieties for drought tolerance was done on the basis of proline content among the genotypes. The maximum proline content was observed in the genotypes TCH-1199(19.0 µ moles / gm tissue), followed by TSH-327(18.14), and AR-9108 (17.55) µ moles /gm tissue) (Table 46).
Out of 21 genotypes tested, Genotypes TCH-1199 (1969 Kg/ha) is having higher drought tolerance followed by TSH-327(1772.78 kg/ha), AR-9108(1745.48/ha), RCH-1217 (1695.37/ha), RCH-1202 (1689.44kg/ha) and RB-616 (1641.80kg/ha).
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Table 46. Stress indices and Seed cotton yield (kg/ha)in cotton genotypes under different water regimes at Khandwa
Phy 1b: Screening of cotton genotypes for salinity tolerance Centre: Lam, GUNTUR
Salinity tolerance studies found that higher mean percent germination and seedling vigour were noticed in PA 528 followed by LHDP 2 and L 1060 at Guntur. Significantly, the highest mean dry matter production at harvest was recorded with PA 255 (49.81 g/pl) followed by L 1060 (44.84 g/pl) and GJHV 497 (44.27 g/pl) (Table 47). When soil EC increased beyond six, drastic reduction in mean dry matter production was noticed in all the entries. The highest harvest index was recorded in PA 528 (0.330) and L 1060 (0.330) followed by LHDP2 0.327) and L 604 (0.324). Not much deviation was noticed in harvest index due to different EC levels. In fact, the highest harvest index was recorded at 4 EC level (0.330) followed by 0 EC level (0.319). Regarding seed cotton yield per
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plant, significantly, higher mean seed cotton yield was noticed in PA 255 (22.01g/pl) followed by L 1060 (21.99 g/pl) and also not much variation was noticed at 4 EC level. When soil EC increased beyond six, drastic reduction in seed cotton yield was noticed in different entries under test. Based on the performance of the entries at lab and pot culture conditions PA 255, PA 528, L 1060, GSHV 497 and LHDP 2 can be considered as saline tolerant.
Table 47. Effect of different salinity levels on Seed Cotton Yield per plant (g) of cotton entries under Pot culture Conditions (2017-18)
Name of the entry
EC in mmhos/cm Mean
Control 4 EC 6 EC 8 EC
LHDP 2 25.24 21.37 15.07 11.20 18.22
L 1060 25.20 25.16 18.95 18.65 21.99
L 1384 21.64 18.06 10.21 7.68 14.40
P.Dhanwanthari 25.26 22.22 17.66 12.05 19.30
PA 528 24.11 23.32 15.55 11.09 18.52
PA 255 26.88 29.56 18.29 13.29 22.01
GSHV-497 22.60 26.82 17.14 11.11 19.42
GSHV-518 23.15 23.21 18.15 9.43 18.49
GSHV-520 26.26 22.56 16.93 9.75 18.88
L 604 29.31 20.15 16.88 12.51 19.71
Mean 24.98 23.23 16.58 11.67
Variety EC level Interaction (variety X EC level)
SEm+ 0.45 0.49 0.84
CD @ 0.05 2.02 1.35 2.34
Surat
The results of screening of cotton genotypes for salinity tolerance at Surat indicated that significant difference in physiological responses and seed cotton yield amongst genotypes was observed under saline condition. Higher germination (%) was recorded in genotype ARBB-1401 while GJHV-520 showed lower germination (%) under saline condition. Root & shoot length and Root/shoot ratio were found the highest in genotype ARBB-1401. Seedling vigour was found high in ARBB-1401 and low in GISV-319 and GSHV-199 under saline condition. Genotypes ARBB-1401 and GJHV-523 showed the highest seed cotton yield under salinity stress while it was the lowest in genotypes LRA-5166 and CPD-1702. Results of K/Na ratio was found the highest in genotypes ARBB-1401 and GJHV-497 (Table 48).
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Table 48. Growth characters and seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of genotypes as influenced by salinity level (12 dS/m ECiw) at Surat
Genotypes Germination
(%)
Root length (cm)
Shoot length (cm)
Root/ shoot ratio
Seedling vigour
Seed cotton yield
(kg/ha)
K/Na
GJHV-497 80.0 41.0 110.0 0.38 8.0 863 12.4
GJHV-520 70.0 38.0 96.7 0.39 7.0 640 5.7
GJHV-523 80.0 40.0 123.3 0.33 8.0 983 10.6
CPD-1702 80.0 44.0 121.3 0.36 8.0 477 10.0
GISV-319 73.3 49.3 124.0 0.41 7.3 550 5.4
ARBB-1401 90.0 77.7 136.7 0.57 9.0 993 17.1
LRA-5166 73.3 38.0 83.3 0.46 7.7 437 5.6
G Cot-16 80.0 51.3 101.7 0.51 8.0 860 11.5
RHC-1346 80.0 58.7 103.3 0.57 8.0 697 8.5
GSHV-199 76.7 40.3 110.0 0.37 7.3 627 6.5
SURAJ 80.0 34.7 108.0 0.32 8.0 873 8.7
RHH-1007 80.0 47.3 100.0 0.47 8.0 977 9.5
SE d 2.32 2.21 9.86 0.04 0.22 98.43 1.79
CD (5%) 4.81 4.58 20.45 0.09 0.46 204.12 3.71
Hisar
Results of the trials on salinity tolerance found that average boll weight, boll number per plant and seed cotton yield under salt stress condition were differing significantly among the genotypes. The genotypes H 1518 showed the highest seed cotton yield followed by H 1523, H 1472 and H 1524 under salt stress condition. The genotypes H 1518, H 1523, H 1472 and H 1524 showed higher potassium to sodium ratio. Among the 17 genotypes screened for salt tolerance, H 1518 followed by H 1523 genotypes performed the best for higher seed cotton yield and potassium to sodium ratio under salt stress condition.
Phy.2 Preparing for climate change: Effect of environment on crop phenology, development, yield and fibre development
Climate change affects agriculture and crop production. Increase in temperature, CO2 concentration, decrease in rainfall with erratic distribution which may lead to frequent wet and dry spell with high demands of evapotranspiration are expected by climate change. The study is planned to face the effects of climate change in cotton. The different environments are simulated by making of different dates of sowing viz., under rainfed condition (normal, late by 15 and 30 days) and under irrigated condition (early, normal and late sowing). Cotton is known for drought tolerance that to diploid cotton is known for its tolerance level to extreme condition. In this study, the strong assumption is that the ill effect of climate change may be managed by inherent characters associated with cotton by selecting suitable genotypes. Hence the multi genotypes
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selected for the study were, 1 Bt hybrid + 3 hirsutum cotton varieties of different duration (Early, Medium and late) + 3 arboreum cotton varieties of different duration (Early, Medium and late). The arboreum varieties were planted in HDPS (60 X 10 cm).
Centre: Lam, GUNTUR
The total rainfall received during the crop period was 476.mm whereas the effective rainfall for normal sowing, late sowing (20 DAS) and late sowing (40 DAS) is 355, 269.3 and 227.8 mm respectively. The number of Growing Degree Days (GDD) required for hirsutum entries ranged from 2828 (LHDP 2) to 2919 (Jaadu BGII) in normal sowing, 2540 (LHDP 2 and L 1384) to 2594 (Jaadu BGII) in late sowing (20 DAS) and 2214 (Jaadu BGII) to 2280 (L1060) in late sowing (40 DAS) . The number of growing degree days required for arboreum entries ranged from 2457 (PA 528) to 2501 (Phule Dhanwanthari) in normal sowing, 2063 (PA 528) to 2221 (PA 255) in late sowing (20 DAS) and 1706 (PA 528) to 1957 (PA 255)) in late sowing (40 DAS) (Table 49).
The genotypes planted under changing climatic conditions revealed that the significantly
higher mean seed cotton yield was recorded under normal sowing compared to delayed sowing. Among the entries, the arboreum entries recorded significantly higher yield than hirsutum entries and Bt cotton hybrid at all the sowing dates. Phule Dhanwanthari, an arboreum entry recorded significantly superior yield at all dates of sowing (D1: 2760 kg/ha; D2: 2419 kg/ha and D3: 2075 kg/ha) when compared to other entries irrespective of the species tested.
Table 49. Performance of cotton genotypes (hirsutum , arboreum and Bt hybrids) under different environment at Lam
D1.Normal Sowing; D2. Late sowing by 20 days; D3. Late sowing by 40 days
UAS, Dharwad
The experiment was conducted with three dates of sowing with nine genotypes. Seed cotton yield per hectare showed significant reduction with delay in sowing from D1 to D3, maximum yield (1901 kg/ha) with first sowing (D1) and the least yield (496 kg/ha) with last sowing
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ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
(D3).The rate of yield reduction @ 66% from D2 to D3 compared to 22% reduction from D1 to D2. Among the genotypes, irrespective of date of sowing maximum yield recorded with hirsutum genotype , Sahana (1573 kg/ha ) closely followed by ARBH-813 (1561 kg/ha) and the least yield was with arboreum genotype, DAS-385 (1057 kg/ha) followed ARBC-19(1175 kg/ha) and ARBAS-131(1177 kg/ha) (Table 50). Among the interaction effects, Bt hybrid, First class recorded maximum yield (22.18 q/ha) followed by ARBH-813 (21.17) and ARBAS-131 (20.12) with first sowing (D1). The lowest yield was recorded with DAS-385 (2.65) and ARBAS-131 (2.67) in the last date of sowing (D3). The results conclude that first fortnight of June is best date for maximum yield and delay resulted in yield reduction. Two genotypes Sahana and ARBH-813 showed least reduction yield from D1 to D2 and could be suited for delayed sowing by 15 days but not beyond. Table 50. Performance of cotton genotypes (hirsutum , arboreum and Bt hybrids) under different environment at Dharwad
The results revealed that seed cotton yield significantly deviated with date of sowing and the genotypes. The significantly higher seed cotton yield was recorded in early sown condition which was at par with normal sown whereas the lowest seed cotton yield was observed in late sown condition. The genotype G. Cot. Hy. 6 BGII was showed significantly higher seed cotton yield which was at par with G.Cot 19 (arboreum) whereas Deviraj (hirsutum) showed the lowest seed
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ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
cotton yield. The yield reduction from early sowing to late sowing was calculated as 43.4 % with Bt hybrid (G. Cot. Hy. 6BGII ), and yield reduction range of 17.3 to 32.3 % with hirsutum genotypes (Table 51). However, enhanced yield level was observed under late sowing with arboreum genotypes because of higher stability. Interaction of genotypes and dates of sowing was significant. The genotype, G. Cot. Hy. 6BGII sown in early condition showed significantly the highest seed cotton yield followed by the same Bt hybrid sown in normal condition. However, under 30 days late sowing situations, arboreum genotypes (G.Cot- 15 (2240 kg/ha) and G.Cot-19(2377 kg/ha) performed well. Soil moisture content (%) was significantly deviated due to dates of sowing at 50DAS and 70 DAS. Deviraj was required significantly higher GDD and HTU for Days to flowering, days to boll opening while it was significantly higher for early sowing condition.
Table 51 . Performance of cotton genotypes (hirsutum , arboreum and Bt hybrids) under different environment at Surat
The climate change management studies revealed that seed cotton yield of different genotypes was significantly influenced by different date of sowing. Among the different dates of sowing, normal sowing (D1) recorded consistently the highest Seed cotton yield (1458 kg/ha) over other dates of sowing includes late sowing by 15 days (D2)( 1054 kg/ha) and late sowing by 30 days (D3) (601 kg/ha). The control (Bt Hybrid) was recorded the highest seed cotton yield in all three dates of sowing (normal (1950 kg/ha), late by 15 days (1373 kg/ha) and late by 30 days (836 kg/ha). Amongst non Bt genotype G4 (JK-5) recorded the highest Seed cotton yield (1161kg/ha) followed by G6 (AKA-8) and G5 (Jawar Tapti) which were give 1140 and 982 kg/ha respectively (Table 52).
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Table 52. Performance of cotton genotypes (hirsutum, arboreum and Bt hybrids) under different environment at Khandwa
Treatments
Control Hirsutum Arboreum
Me
an
AN
OV
A
SEd
CD
-5%
G1
:
Ras
i-
65
9 B
G-I
I Bt
G2
: JK
-4
G3
:
Vik
rum
G4
: JK
-5
G5
: Ja
war
Tap
ti
G6
:AK
A-8
G7:JLA-505
Seed cotton yield (kg/ha)
D1 Normal Sowing 1950 1271 954 1661 1336 1478 1558 1458 G 252.8 389.9
D2. Late sowing by15 days 1373 801 862 1104 1027 990 1224 1054 D 24.7 48.7
D3. Late sowing by30 days 836 542 504 719 492 479 637 601 GxD 59.8 170.8
Mean 1387 871 774 1161 952 982 1140
112.4 203.1
Hisar
In climate change studies, three hirsutum genotypes (H 1098 i, H 1226, H 1300) and three arboreum genotypes ( HD 123, HD 324 and HD 432) were planted in three dates of sowing includes normal sowing, late sowing by 15 days and late sowing by 30 days under irrigated condition. The results revealed that the genotypes HD 324 was found earlier and was at par with HD 432 with respect to days to flowering and days to boll opening duration. The least duration of days from days to boll open was taken by genotypes under late sown by 30 days condition. GDD, HTU and PTU were found non- significant with respect to genotypes for day to flowering and days to boll opening in normal sowing. Under late by 15 days sown condition GDD, HTU and PTU were found high in both hirsutum (H 1226 and H 1300) and Desi (HD 432 and HD 324) cotton genotypes. The significantly higher seed cotton yield ( 3404 kg/ha) was observed for HD 123 genotype under normal condition which was at par with HD 432 in normal sowing and HD 123 and HD 432 genotype at the late by 15 days condition . Under late sown by 15 and 30 days conditions better performance was observed for the HD 432. Table 53. Performance of cotton genotypes (hirsutum and arboreum) under different environment at Hisar
Treatments
Hirsutum
AN
OV
A
SEd
CD
(5
%) Arboreum
AN
OV
A
SEd CD
(5%) G1.
H1098i
G2. H
1226
G3. H
1300
G4. HD 123
G5. HD 324
G6. HD 432
Seed cotton yield (kg/ha)
D1.Normal Sowing 2318 1957 3049 G 113 242 3404 2583 3296 G 102 218
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Junagarh
The result of climate change studies under irrigated condition at Junagarh revealed that 20 days early sown (2756 kg/ha) and timely (2346 kg/ha) sown crop gave the significantly highest seed cotton yield as compared to 20 days late (1833 kg/ha) sown crop (Table 54). The selected Bt hybrid G. Cot. Hy -8 BG-II performed better than hirsutum and arboreum genotypes in all dates of sowing. The significantly highest mean seed cotton yield (2919 kg/ha) was produced by variety G. Cot. Hy -8 BG-II and it was at par with GTHH-49(2662 kg/ha, V4), G. Cot Hy-10(2538 kg/ha, V3) and G. Cot. Hy.-12(2410 kg/ha, V3) as compare to G. arboreum group G.cot-19(2028 kg/haV5), G.Cot.-824 (1194 kg/ha, V6) except G.Cot -15(2439 kg/ha, V7). Environmental influence on lint index, seed index and ginning percentage was not observed, but genotypic differences were found significant. Significantly more number of days was taken in early sown crop for 50% squaring, 50% boll formation to 50% boll opening and 50% boll opening to harvest as compared to normal and late sown crop. Early sown crop took more GDD to days to flowering & boll opening as compare to late sown crop. Same trend was shown in case of HTU and PTU. Early sown crop got total 2496 GDD (heat unit) with 207 days whereas normal sowing crop got 2213 heat unit with 187 days while late sown crop get minimum heat unit (1920) and less time (167 days) to develop their phenophase . Table 54. Performance of cotton genotypes (hirsutum, arboreum and Bt hybrids) under different environment at Hisar
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Phy 3. Effect of Nano Zinc and Nano-P on growth and Productivity of Cotton under high Density planting LAM, Guntur
The effect of Nano fertiliser on cotton found that higher seed cotton yield was recorded with recommended N,P,K + Foliar application of ZnSO4 @ 0. 2% at 45DAS & 60 DAS (T7) and it was on par with recommended N,P,K + Foliar application of Nano Zinc @ 2 g per 10 litres of water at 45DAS & 60 DAS (T8), T6- (Recommended N,P,K + Soil application of Zn SO4 @ 25 kg/ha) and T9- (Recommended N,P,K + Foliar application of Nano Zinc @ 2 g per 15 litres of water at 45DAS & 60 DAS) and all these treatments are significantly superior when compared to the other treatments under test (Table 55). The yield improvement ranged from 10 to 15 percent and the seed cotton yield was associated with higher number of sympodia per plant, higher number of bolls per plant and higher boll weight. The foliar application of phosphorous either in normal or nano form did not show any impact on growth and development of cotton.
T3. T1 + Foliar application of KH2PO4 @ 2% at 45 & 60 DAS
166 20.8 72.3 3.1 1344
T4.T1 +Foliar application of Nano P @ 2g per 10 litres of water at 45 & 60 DAS
165 16.3 66.3 3.0 1345
T5. T1+Foliar application of Nano P @ 2g per 15 litres of water at 45 & 60 DAS
146 14.5 73.5 3.1 1370
T6. T2 + Soil application of Zn SO4 @ 25 kg/ha
161 16.2 78.0 3.2 1459
T7. T2 + Foliar application of ZnSO4 @ 0. 2% at 45 & 60 DAS
167 19.2 81.0 3.2 1531
T8.T2 + Foliar application of Nano Zinc @ 2 g per 10 litres of water at 45 & 60 DAS
155 16.5 77.7 3.3 1447
T9. T2 + Foliar application of Nano Zinc @ 2 g per 15 litres of water at & 60 DAS
155 15.6 75.9 3.2 1438
SE d 3.7 1.0 1.4 0.1 21.2
CD (5%) NS 2.9 4.3 NS 59.2
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UAS, Dharwad
The effect of Nano fertiliser on cotton revealed that significantly higher photosynthetic rate (30.02), stomatal conductance (0.0.35) and transpiration rate ( 4.37) at 100 DAS was recorded by (T8) i.e., recommended NPK+nano-Zn (2g 10 litre-1) spray over control (T2). There were no significant differences in yield and yield components recorded between with and without p fertilizers (T1 and T2) treatments possibly because of native high P sources. The results further added that neither foliar supplementation of nano-P (T3 and T4) and nano-Zn (T8 and T9) nor soil application of ZnSO4 (T6) could record significantly higher yield and yield parameters than control (T1 and T2) . The results conclude that foliar application of nano-P or nano-Zn did not have any significant effect on yield at Dharwad
Table 56. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and physiological parameters as influenced Nano fertilizers at Dharwad
Treatments
Seed cotton yield
(kg/ha)
SPAD Value
Photosynthetic rate (umol.m-
2sec-1)
Conductance (umol.m-
2sec-1)
Transpiration rate
(umol.m-2sec-
1)
T1.Rec NK 1179 36.4 22.6 0.26 4.40
T2.Rec NPK 1292 35.5 26.9 0.25 3.71
T3.T1 + Foliar application of KH2PO4 @2% at 45DAS & 60
1118 37.2 28.2 0.24 3.56
T4.T1 +Foliar application of Nano P @ 2g per 10 litres of water at 45DAS & 60
1139 35.2 27.0 0.21 3.16
T5.T1+Foliar application of Nano P @ 2g per 15 litres of water at 45DAS & 60 DAS
1161 36.0 16.8 0.13 2.46
T6.T2 + Soil application of Zn SO4 @ 25 kg/ha
1118 37.4 26.7 0.20 3.31
T7.T2 + Foliar application of ZnSO4 @ 0. 2% at 45DAS & 60 DAS
1243 35.7 23.1 0.29 4.08
T8.T2 + Foliar application of Nano Zinc @ 2 g per 10 litres of water at 45DAS & 60 DAS
1284 35.0 30.0 0.35 4.37
T9.T2 + Foliar application of Nano Zinc @ 2 g per 15 litres of water at 45DAS & 60 DAS
1316 34.7 24.4 0.27 4.17
SE d 90 1.0 0.8 0.01 0.28
CD (5%) NS NS 2.41 0.04 0.84
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BIO CHEMISTRY
Bio Chem1.Evaluation of Cotton genotypes for Seed oil, Fatty acid profile, Gossypol and Protein
Dharwad
Biochemical component including oil, protein and gossypol content were evaluated in 30 seed samples of cotton genotypes (Br02b). Oil content ranged between 15.13 to 28.49%, with maximum level observed in the genotypes, CNH 11-11, GBHV-187, NDLH 1938,RB 616,CPP-1751(> 26%) and least levels were measured in the genotypes, NDLH-2056, RAH 0604 and GSHV 191 (< 19%), rest of the genotypes fell in the category of moderate range of oil content (19 to 26%). The protein content was ranged from 14.88 to 34.37, with maximum levels were measured in the genotypes BS 3-17 , RB 605, CNH 12-4-2, CPD-1751,ZC (NH 615/ NDLH 1938), and RB 616 (> 20%) and lower levels were measured in the genotypes, GBHV-187, GSHV 191 and CNH 25-09 (< 16%), whereas the rest of the genotypes were observed to possess moderate levels of protein content (16-20%). Gossypol content was observed in the range of 0.237 to 0.632%, with maximum levels was measured in the genotypes, H 1480, IH 12-12, AKH-2012-8, and CNH 11-11 (> 0.6%), and minimum levels were measured in the genotypes, GSHV 191, RAH 0604 (< 0.3%).
Surat The seeds of 34 genotypes were analyzed for oil, gossypol and protein content. The results
showed significant variations amongst the genotypes. Significantly higher oil content was observed in entry ARBH 1701 (18.12%) followed by entry PBH 116 (18.04%) and entry RAH 0603 (18.00%). Gossypol content ranged from 37.47 to 156.49 (mg/100g of tissue) in different entries (Table 57). Lowest gossypol content was observed in entry CPD 1701 (37.47 mg/100g of tissue) followed by entry F 2662 & GISV 319 (39.3726 mg/100g of tissue) and entry PBH 139 (44.47 mg/100g of tissue). Higher gossypol content was found in entry PBH 116 and RB 607 (156.49 and 153.26 mg/100g of tissue respectively). The highest protein content was observed in entry SHJ 23 (23.72 mg/g of tissue) which was followed by entry HS 300 and F 2596 (23.08 and 21.94 mg/g of tissue respectively).
Hisar The seeds of test entries of Br 02 trial were evaluated for protein, oil and gossypol content
(Table 58). The highest protein content (24.09 %) was observed in Entry CSH 3419. However, the entries RB 607 and ZC (F 2228) were at par with the entry CSH 3419. The highest oil content (20.70%) was observed in entry H 1508, whereas, entries BS 2-17and TSH 325 were found at par with entry H 1508 for their oil content. The entry BGDS 0607 had the lowest total gossypol (0.045%). The trials Br 03, Br 06 CVT, Br 06 IET, Br 22, Br 24 Br 25 ZT and Br 25 NT grow at CCS HAU, Hisar centre were evaluated for oil content. Amongst genotypes tested in over all trials, the highest oil content was found in Br 06 IET trial entry BRCC 1601 (22.95 %) and Br 22 trial entry PBD 22 (22.70%), respectively.
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Table 57. Evaluation of cotton genotypes for seed oil, gossypol and protein content - Dharwad & Surat Dharwad Surat
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Biochem 2: Effect of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) on insect resistance in cotton Dharwad
The effect of Plant Growth Regulators on growth , yield and sucking pest population were evaluated . PGRs, α-naphthyl acetic acid (NAA) and mepiquat chloride (MC), individually, and in combination were sprayed as per the recommended dosages on two cotton genotypes viz., NDLS-1938 (leafhopper-resistant) and Suraj (leafhopper-susceptible). Application of mepiquat chloride@ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS significantly increased seed cotton yield (1339 kg/ha) than control (1137 kg/ha) and NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS (1210 kg/ha). The leafhopper population counted on 3rd and 7th day after PGR spray respectively found that the significantly least population of 1.85 and 1.51 /plant with application of NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS (S3) (Table 59). The PGR spray did not induce any significant increase in H2O2 content and lipid peroxidation indicating lack of toxicity to the plant at their recommended levels. Activity of catalase enzyme was also not affected and was correlating with that of the levels of H2O2. Levels of secondary metabolites like tannins, flavonoids and polyphenols and defensive enzymes, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase were found altered significantly due to the PGR sprays and also displayed a differential pattern of expression due to insecticides. Therefore, it may be concluded that the PGR spray induce significant changes in the levels of defensive compounds and related enzymes thereby affecting the infestation of sucking pests.
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Table 59. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) , Sucking pest population (No/plant) as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators
Treatments
MI - Protected M2 - Unprotected
M1 M2 NDLS-1938
Suraj
Mean of sub-
sub plots
NDLS-1938
Suraj NDLS-1938
Suraj
Seed cotton yield (kg/ha)
S1 865 1771 776 1428 1318 1102 820 1600 1210
S2 1016 1912 851 1578 1464 1215 934 1745 1339
S3 992 1904 898 1566 1448 1232 945 1735 1340
S4 832 1674 679 1362 1253 1021 756 1518 1137
Mean 926 1815 801 1483 1371 1142 864 1649 1257
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG -- --
SE d 33.4 45.7 30.5 64.6 43.1 43.1 61.0 -- --
CD (5%) 203.2 179.4 89.0 NS NS NS NS -- --
No. of leafhopper nymphs/3 leaves after 3rd day of PGR spray
S1 1.65
(2.73) 1.88
(3.53) 1.78
(3.20) 2.20
(4.87) 1.76
(3.13) 1.99
(4.03) 1.72
(2.97) 2.02
(4.20) 1.88
(3.58)
S2 1.97
(4.00) 1.98
(4.00) 2.03
(4.13) 2.60
(6.80) 1.97
(4.00) 2.32
(5.47) 2.00
(4.07) 2.27
(5.40) 2.14
(4.73)
S3 1.63
(2.67) 1.86
(3.47) 1.75
(3.07) 2.16
(4.80) 1.75
(3.07) 1.95
(3.93) 1.69
(2.87) 2.27
(4.13) 1.85
(3.50)
S4 2.20
(4.93) 2.29
(5.27) 2.45
(6.00) 2.84
(8.07) 2.25
(5.10) 2.64
(7.03) 2.33
(5.47) 2.56
(6.67) 2.45
(6.07)
Mean 1.86
(3.58) 2.00
(4.07) 2.00
(4.10) 2.45
(6.13) 1.93
(3.83) 2.23
(5.12) 1.93
(3.84) 2.28
(5.10) 2.08
(4.47)
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG -- --
SE d 0.04 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.10 0.10 0.14 -- --
CD (5%) 0.22 0.02 0.21 0.03 NS NS NS -- --
No. of leafhopper nymphs/3 leaves after 7th day of PGR spray
S1 1.15
(1.33) 1.68
(2.83) 1.73
(3.00) 1.79
(3.20) 1.42
(2.08) 1.76
(3.10) 1.44
(2.17) 1.73
(3.02) 1.59
(2.59)
S2 1.68
(2.83) 1.88
(3.80) 1.79
(3.20) 1.84
(3.40) 1.78
(3.32) 1.82
(3.30) 1.74
(3.02) 1.86
(3.60) 1.80
(3.31)
S3 1.18
(1.40) 1.45
(2.13) 1.65
(2.73) 1.75
(3.07) 1.31
(1.77) 1.70
(2.90) 1.42
(2.07) 1.60
(2.60) 1.51
(2.33)
S4 1.71
(2.92) 2.05
(4.20) 2.42
(5.87) 2.69
(7.27) 1.88
(3.56) 2.56
(6.57) 2.06
(4.39) 2.37
(5.73) 2.22
(5.06)
Mean 1.43
(2.12) 1.76
(3.24) 1.90
(3.70) 2.02
(4.23) 1.60
(2.68) 1.96
(3.97) 1.66
(2.91) 1.89
(3.74) 1.78
(3.32)
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG -- --
SE d 0.06 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.10 -- --
CD (5%) 0.34 0.17 0.15 NS 0.20 NS NS -- --
S1- NAA @20ppm at 60 DAS; S2 – MC @50ppm at 90 DAS; S3 – NAA @20ppm at 60 DAS & MC @50ppm at 90 DAS; S4– Control (No PGR )
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Surat
The effect of PGR revealed that seed Cotton yield was significantly differed for genotypes in protected and unprotected condition and non significant amongst application of PGRs. Sucking pest population before the day of PGR spray was significant between Genotypes DHY-286 and DCH-32 under protected and unprotected condition. Sucking pest population on 3rdday after PGR spray was non significant between treatments while it was significantly deviated between genotypes and protected and unprotected conditions. Sucking pest population on 7th day after PGR spray was significantly deviated between genotype, PGR sprays and protected and unprotected conditions. Sucking pest population on 7th day after PGR spray found the lowest with application of NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS (S3) under unprotected condition in DHY-286 (resistant).
Secondary metabolites (Tannin and Phenol) production as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators. Tannin content was significantly different between genotypes DHY-286 and DCH-32 and PGR treatments while non significant under protected and unprotected condition. Polyphenol content was significantly differed between DHY-286 (Resistant) and DCH-32 (Susceptible) under protected and unprotected condition in all PGR treatments. MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS showed the highest tannin content in DHY-286 and the lowest in application of NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS (S1) under unprotected condition in DCH-32.
Secondary metabolite (flavonoids) and antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase) were significantly differed between DHY-286 (Resistant) and DCH-32 (Susceptible) under protected and unprotected condition in all PGR treatments. Application of NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS (S3) showed the highest superoxide dismutase activity and lowest with application of NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS (S1) in DCH-32 under protected condition while in unprotected condition, MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS (S2) showed the lowest activity in DCH-32 and the highest in DHY-286 in application of NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS ( S1). Antioxidant enzymes activity was significantly differed between DHY-286 (Resistant) and DCH-32 (Susceptible) under protected and unprotected condition in all the treatments. Among the treatments, MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS (S2) showed the highest activity of catalase under protected condition. Peroxidase activity was found the highest with application of NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS (S3) under protected condition.H2O2 production was significantly differed among genotypes under protected and unprotected condition in all treatments while lipid peroxidation was non significantly differed between treatments.
D - 58
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Table 60. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) , sucking pest population (No/plant) as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Surat
No. of leafhopper nymphs/3 leaves after 3rd day of PGR spray
S1 1.80 5.13 3.73 7.87 3.47 5.80 2.77 6.50 4.6
S2 1.27 6.07 1.93 6.67 3.67 4.30 1.60 6.37 4.0
S3 1.67 8.00 3.07 7.27 4.83 5.17 2.37 7.63 5.0
S4 2.67 6.80 4.67 14.53 4.73 9.60 3.67 10.67 7.2
Mean 1.85 6.50 3.35 9.08 4.18 6.22 2.60 7.79
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE d 0.41 0.41 0.29 0.50 0.35 0.35 0.25
CD (5%) 0.59 0.59 N.S. 0.83 1.18 1.18 1.67
No. of leafhopper nymphs/3 leaves after 7th day of PGR spray
S1 2.07 6.27 3.80 9.40 4.17 6.60 2.93 15.67 9.3
S2 1.60 5.60 1.93 9.20 3.60 5.57 1.77 7.40 4.6
S3 1.87 5.60 2.67 10.73 3.73 6.70 2.27 8.17 5.2
S4 2.27 7.27 4.47 15.20 4.77 9.83 3.37 11.23 7.3
Mean 1.95 6.18 3.22 11.13 4.07 7.18 2.58 10.62 9.3
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE d 0.50 0.50 0.36 0.62 0.44 0.44 0.31
CD (5%) 0.73 0.73 1.03 1.03 1.46 1.46 N.S.
S1- NAA @20ppm at 60 DAS; S2 – MC @50ppm at 90 DAS; S3 – NAA @20ppm at 60 DAS& MC @50ppm at 90 DAS; S4– Control (No PGR)
D - 59
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Title of Experiments - 2017-18
AGRONOMY
Agronomy IA Agronomic requirements of promising pre-release/ recently released hirsutum/arboreum genotypes / hybrids of Cotton.
Agronomy 1B Evaluation of compact culture under HDPS with different nutrient levels.
Agronomy II Weed Management in Cotton.
Agronomy IIIA Improving Input use efficiency (water)
Agronomy III B Enhancing Nitrogen use efficiency in Bt cotton
Agronomy IV Technology for Organic Cotton Production.
Agronomy V Conservation agriculture.
Agronomy VI Labour saving techniques in Cotton cultivation.
Agronomy VII Canopy management in HDPS cotton
Agronomy VIII Testing of product developed from human hair by Bio- processing and Herbal Division of Mahatma Gandhi Institute for Rural Industrialization
Agronomy IX Paid up trials.
PHYSIOLOGY and BIOCHEMISTRY
PHY1 Screening of Cotton genotypes for abiotic stress tolerance.
1a Screening genotypes for water stress tolerance.
1b Screening genotypes for salinity stress tolerance.
PHY2 Preparing for Climate Change: Effect of environment on crop phenology development & yield.
PHY3 Evaluation of effect of nano fertilizer on growth and production of Cotton (HDPS).
Bio Chem. 1. Evaluation of cotton genotypes for seed oil, gossypol and protein
Bio Chem.2 Effect of PGRs on insect resistance in cotton
D - 60
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR II 1.Growth characters and weed population (No/m2) as influenced by weed control treatments at Banswara under irrigated condition in Central Zone
Treatments
Plant height (cm)
at harvest
No. of monopodia at harvest
No. of sympodia at harvest
No. of Bolls/Pla
nt
Weed count (No/m2) at harvest
Grasses
Broad leaved weeds
Sedges
T1.Pendimethalin @ 0.75 to 1.0 kg a.i/ha as Pre emergence or Pre-plant incorporation + one hoeing
117.7 2.0 11.6 27.3 365 113 26
T2.Tank mixture (Quizalofopethyl 50 g a.i/ha+ Pyrithiobac Sodium @ 62.5g a.i/ha at 2-4 leaf stage of weeds +one hoeing.
133.3 3.0 23.7 52.3 154 46 14
T3.Chlorimuron Ethyl @ 4.0g a.i/ha as at 2-4 leaf stage weed + one hoeing
127.7 2.4 20.7 46.7 164 49 12
T4.T1 + Cover crop with sunnhemp or sorghum should be sown 20 DAS of cotton
128.3 2.7 23.0 51.0 159 50 11
T5.T1+ Glyphosate @ 5 ml/litre as directed spray at 2-4 weed leaf stage (after hoeing)
106.3 2.0 7.3 16.7 21 7 5
T6.T1 + T2 135.3 3.3 25.3 54.3 146 45 10
T7.T1+ T3 119.7 2.0 15.3 32.3 167 51 8
T8.Plastic mulching 137.7 3.7 36.7 73.3 14 5 1
T9.Weedy check 98.0 2.0 7.7 18.0 522 159 37
T10.Weed Free check 139.0 3.7 30.8 68.0 0 0 0
SEd 3.5 0.3 2.2 2.7 15.73 3.43 2.02
CD (5%) 8.6 0.8 5.3 6.6 38.58 8.41 4.96
D - 61
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR II 2.Seed cotton yield (kg/ha), weed parameters and economics as influenced by weed control treatments at Banswara under irrigated condition in Central Zone
Treatments
Seed cotton yield
(kg/ha)
Boll weight (g)
Weed DMP
(kg/ha)
Weed control
efficiency (%)
Cost of weeding (Rs/ha)
Gross return (Rs/ha)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
BCR
T1.Pendimethalin @ 0.75 to 1.0 kg a.i/ha as Pre emergence or Pre-plant incorporation + one hoeing
2148 4.7 3795 30.16 27600 96667 69067 2.50
T2.Tank mixture (Quizalofopethyl 50 g a.i/ha+ Pyrithiobac Sodium @ 62.5g a.i/ha at 2-4 leaf stage of weeds +one hoeing.
3111 5.3 1601 70.62 31190 140000 108810 3.49
T3.Chlorimuron Ethyl @ 4.0g a.i/ha as at 2-4 leaf stage weed + one hoeing
2531 4.8 1716 68.46 26635 113889 87254 3.28
T4.T1 + Cover crop with sunnhemp or sorghum should be sown 20 DAS of cotton
3346 5.4 1649 69.62 39600 150556 110956 2.80
T5.T1+ Glyphosate @ 5 ml/litre as directed spray at 2-4 weed leaf stage (after hoeing)
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR II 4. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha), weed parameters and economics as influenced by weed control treatments at Nandyal under rainfed condition in South Zone
Treatments Seed cotton yield (kg/ha)
Boll weight
(g)
Germination (%)
Phytotoxicity grade
Weed DMP
(kg/ha)
Weed control efficiency
(%)
Cost of weeding (Rs/ha)
Gross return (Rs/ha)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
BCR
T1.Pendimethalin @ 0.75 to 1.0 kg a.i/ha as Pre emergence or Pre-plant incorporation + one hoeing
2203 4.37 89.7 0
510 27.5
6125 99120 46495 1.9
T2.Tank mixture (Quizalofopethyl 50 g a.i/ha+ Pyrithiobac Sodium @ 62.5g a.i/ha at 2-4 leaf stage of weeds +one hoeing.
2232 4.02 92.3 0
225 52.0
8475 100451 45476 1.8
T3.Chlorimuron Ethyl @ 4.0g a.i/ha as at 2-4 leaf stage weed + one hoeing
2309 4.02 91.0 0
591 25.5
5270 103895 52125 2.0
T4.T1 + Cover crop with sunnhemp or sorghum should be sown 20 DAS of cotton
2061 4.33 91.3 0
317 42.8
6325 92766 39941 1.8
T5.T1+ Glyphosate @ 5 ml/litre as directed spray at 2-4 weed leaf stage (after hoeing)
2778 4.43 92.0 0
178 57.1
6000 125010 72510 2.4
T6.T1 + T2 2702 4.37 91.0
0 427
33.6 9600 121605 65505 2.2
T7.T1+ T3 2255 3.92 92.3
0 407
35.7 6395 101476 48581 1.9
T8.Plastic mulching 2748 4.38 92.7
0 161
59.1 0 123660 49660 1.7
T9.Weedy check 1641 2.97 87.7
0 968
0 0 73837 27337 1.6
T10.Weed Free check 3235 4.60 90.7
0 0
92.8 14000 145560 85060 2.4
SEd 259 0.41 3.0
35
CD (5%) 544 0.86 NS
75
D - 64
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR II 5. Growth, yield and yield contributing characters as influenced by weed control treatments at Indore under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments
Plant height (cm) at harvest
No. of monopodia at harvest
No. of sympodia at harvest
No. of Bolls/SQ
M
Seed cotton yield
(kg/ha)
Boll weight
(g)
Germi nation
(%)
T1.Pendimethalin @ 0.75 to 1.0 kg a.i/ha as Pre emergence or Pre-plant incorporation + one hoeing
78.8 2.8 13.8 45.5 1529 2.7 99.7
T2.Tank mixture (Quizalofopethyl 50 g a.i/ha+ Pyrithiobac Sodium @ 62.5g a.i/ha at 2-4 leaf stage of weeds +one hoeing.
81.4 2.9 14.2 51.4 1778 2.9 99.7
T3.Chlorimuron Ethyl @ 4.0g a.i/ha as at 2-4 leaf stage weed + one hoeing
79.3 2.7 15 44.6 1443 2.7 99.3
T4.T1 + Cover crop with sunnhemp or sorghum should be sown 20 DAS of cotton
77.6 2.7 15.9 41.6 1180 2.8 98.7
T5.T1+ Glyphosate @ 5 ml/litre as directed spray at 2-4 weed leaf stage (after hoeing)
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR II 6. Weed population (No./M2) and dry matter production as influenced by weed control treatments at Indore under rainfed at Central Zone
Treatments Weed DMP
(kg/ha)
Weed control
efficiency (%)
Grasses (No/M2) Broad leaved
weeds (No/M2) Sedges
(No/M2)
Before After Before After Before After
T1-.Pendimethalin @ 0.75 to 1.0 kg a.i/ha as Pre emergence or Pre-plant incorporation + one hoeing
680 57.0 60 18 40 18 20 8
T2-Tank mixture (Quizalofopethyl 50 g a.i/ha+ Pyrithiobac Sodium @ 62.5g a.i/ha at 2-4 leaf stage of weeds +one hoeing.
632 60.0 55 17 48 14 26 11
T3-Chlorimuron Ethyl @ 4.0g a.i/ha as at 2-4 leaf stage weed +one hoeing 654 58.6 53 18 48 13 25 10 T4-T1 + Cover crop with sunnhemp or sorghum should be sown 20 DAS of cotton
613 61.2 57 19 42 16 18 7
T5-T1+ Glyphosate @ 5 ml/litre as directed spray at 2-4 weed leaf stage (after hoeing)
S Em + 3.02 0.6 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.1 CD (5%) 8.98 1.9 4.7 4.2 3.9 3.6 4.2 3.1
D - 66
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR II 7. Economic evaluation of different weed control treatments at Indore under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments Cost of
weeding ( Rs/ha)
Cost of Cultivation
(Rs./ha)
Gross return (Rs/ha)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
B: C Ratio
T1.Pendimethalin @ 0.75 to 1.0 kg a.i/ha as Pre emergence or Pre-plant incorporation + one hoeing
1700 26819 87153 60334 3.24
T2.Tank mixture (Quizalofopethyl 50 g a.i/ha+ Pyrithiobac Sodium @ 62.5g a.i/ha at 2-4 leaf stage of weeds +one hoeing.
2500 29723 101346 71263 3.41
T3.Chlorimuron Ethyl @ 4.0g a.i/ha as at 2-4 leaf stage weed + one hoeing 1500 25704 82251 56547 3.20
T4.T1 + Cover crop with sunnhemp or sorghum should be sown 20 DAS of cotton
1000 26205 67260 41055 2.56
T5.T1+ Glyphosate @ 5 ml/litre as directed spray at 2-4 weed leaf stage (after hoeing)
1100 29333 102828 73495 3.50
T6.T1 + T2 2500 32139 115026 82887 3.57
T7.T1+ T3 2150 28320 102144 73824 3.60
T8.Plastic mulching 2700 48730 172311 123576 3.53
T9.Weedy check 000 21173 43491 22318 2.05
T10.Weed Free check 4000 42198 162051 119853 3.84
S Em + -- 1402.1 5519.0 5668.64 0.01
CD (5%) --- 4136.2 16397. 16842.4 0.03
Prevailing market rate (2017-18) :
1. Sell price of seed cotton : Rs. 57/ kg , N/P/K:Rs.12.35/25.15/20 per kg respectively, Price of cotton seed :Rs. 1760/- ( @ 800/- per pkt. Per 450gm) (Required qty. 2kg/ha), Cost of Hand weeding Rs. 4000/- ha/ weeding (3 hand weeding)
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR II 9. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha), weed parameters and economics as influenced by weed control treatments at Chamrajnagar under rainfed condition in South Zone
Treatments
Seed cotton yield
(kg/ha)
Boll weight
(g)
Germination (%)
Phytotoxicity grade
Weed DMP
(kg/ha)
Weed control
efficiency (%)
Cost of weeding (Rs/ha)
Gross return (Rs/ha)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
BCR
T1.Pendimethalin @ 0.75 to 1.0 kg a.i/ha as Pre emergence or Pre-plant
CD (5%) 57.75 0.23 12.5 4526.83 22237.4 21750 0.34
Prevailing market rate (2017-18) :
1 Sell price of seed cotton : Rs. 57/ kg 2. N/P/K : Rs. 12.35/25.15/20 per kg respectively, 3 Price of cotton seed :Rs. 1760/- ( @ 800/- per pkt. Per 450gm) (Required qty. 2kg/ha)
D - 73
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR.IIIB 1. Growth characters and seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by N application methods in Bt cotton at Faridkot under irrigated condition in North Zone
Treatments Plant height
(cm) at harvest
No. of monopodia at harvest
No. of sympodi
a at harvest
No. of Bolls/
m2
Boll
weight (g)
Seed
cotton
Yield (kg/ha)
T1.N0 Control 142.7 0.88 14.0 73.0 3.39 2091
T2.100 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) 181.1 1.42 25.7 120.7 3.99 3016
T3.75 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) 176.6 1.22 23.3 108.2 3.86 2771
T4.75 % of RDN +Placement(Spot application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) 178.3 1.22 24.2 117.4 3.61 2894
T5.75 % of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 Split: Basal, Squaring, Flowering, Boll development)
T8. 100 % of RDN (2 splits as per Univ. Recd) + Foliar application of 2 % KNO3 (4 times: at weekly intervals during Flowering and Boll development)
23.9 46159 161515 115356 2.49
CV (%) - 4.1 9.5 11.9 8.2
SEd 1388 10415 9026 0.15
CD (5%) - 2978 22338 19359 0.32
D - 75
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR. IIIB. 3.Growth characters and seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by N application methods in Bt cotton at Bathinda under irrigated condition in North Zone
Treatments Plant height
(cm) at harvest
No. of monopodia at harvest
No. of sympodia at
harvest
No. of Bolls/
m2
Boll weight
(g)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
T1.N0 Control 117 1.27 16.3 76 3.21 1808
T2.100 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) 152 2.13 26.5 115 4.06 2923
T3.75 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) 134 1.93 23.5 98 3.59 2402
T4.75 % of RDN +Placement(Spot application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
153 2.20 23.1 106 3.57 2618
T5.75 % of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 Split: Basal, Squaring, Flowering, Boll development)
T7. 100 % of RDN (2 splits as per Univ. Recd) + Foliar application of 2 % KNO3 (4 times: at weekly intervals during Flowering and Boll development)
22.39 44725 154191 109465 2.45
CV (%) 8.96 4.29 9.56 12.06 7.95
SEd 1.7 1372 9502 8129 0.14
CD (5%) NS 2990 20703 17712 0.29
D - 77
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IIIB.5. Growth characters and Seed cotton yield (kg/ha), as influenced by N application methods in Bt cotton at Hisar under irrigated condition in North Zone
Treatments Plant height
(cm) at harvest
No. of monopodia at harvest
No. of sympodia
at harvest
No. of Bolls/ squaremetre
Boll weight
(g)
Seed Cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
T1.N0 Control 90 1.08 12 36 3.9 787
T2.100 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) 101 1.08 12 50 3.6 1524
T3.75 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) 106 1.41 13 38 4.2 1110
T4.75 % of RDN +Placement(Spot application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
95 1.25 11 40 3.4 1115
T5.75 % of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 Split: Basal, Squaring, Flowering, Boll development)
T8. T5+raising of Sunnhemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
95 1.16 10 60 3.7 1862
SEd 9.9 0.16 0.9 3 0.23 126
CD (5%) NS NS NS 6.6 NS 273
D - 78
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR III B.6. Growth, yield parameters and seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by N application methods in Bt cotton at Rahuri under irrigated condition in Central Zone
Treatments Plant
height (cm)
Number of bolls plant-1
No. of Sympodial branches/
plant
No. of
Bolls/M2
Average boll
weight (g)
Average Yield
plant-1 (g)
Seed cotton yield
(kg ha-1 )
T1 Control 97.3 35.4 20.0 141.8 4.1 144.8 1434
T2 100% of RDN (Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
101.1 38.1 21.1 152.5 4.9 191.3 2044
T3 75% of RDN (Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
97.4 37.7 20.3 151.0 4.6 172.1 1828
T4 75% of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
100.9 37.6 20.8 150.2 4.7 179.0 2009
T5 75% of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 splits at Basal, squaring, Flowering and boll development)
102.2 37.9 21.1 151.6 5.1 192.0 2140
T6 T5 + Foliar application of 1 % urea (3 times: squaring, Flowering and boll development)
105.8 39.3 21.7 157.3 5.2 203.3 2432
T7 T6 = raising of Sunnhemp/fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
114.1 45.3 21.7 181.3 5.4 241.4 2641
SE ± 5.3 3.4 1.3 15.1 0.3 22.9 91.2
C.D. at 5% 15.0 9.8 3.8 42.7 0.9 64.7 258.3
D - 79
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR III B.7. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and its economics as influenced by N application methods in Bt cotton at Rahuri under irrigated condition in Central Zone
Treatments
Seed cotton yield
(q ha-1)
Gross monetary
returns (Rs ha-1)
Cost of cultivation
(Rs ha-1)
Net monetary
returns (Rs ha-1)
B:C Ratio
T1 Control 1434 68832 50552 18280 1.36
T2 100% of RDN (Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) 2044 98112 62083 36028 1.58
T3 75% of RDN (Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) 1828 87760 60366 27394 1.45
T4 75% of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) 2009 96448 61415 35032 1.57
T5 75% of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 splits at Basal, squaring, Flowering and boll development)
2140 102720 62509 40211 1.64
T6 T5 + Foliar application of 1 % urea (3 times: squaring, Flowering and boll development)
2432 116736 64873 51863 1.80
T7 T6 = raising of Sunnhemp/fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
2641 126784 67247 59537 1.88
SE ± 91.21 4378 - - -
C.D. at 5% 258.33 12400 - - -
D - 80
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR III B. 8. Growth characters and Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by N application methods in Bt cotton at Junagarh under irrigated condition in Central Zone
Treatments Plant height
(cm) at harvest
No. of monopodia at
harvest
No. of sympodia at
harvest
No. of Bolls/square
metre
Boll weight
(g)
Seed cotton Yield (kg/ha)
T1.N0 Control 99 1.5 12.1 70.7 3.7 1734
T2.100 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
128 1.7 15.3 80.7 3.9 2109
T3.75 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
114 1.5 14.0 72.1 3.8 2018
T4.75 % of RDN +Placement(Spot application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
120 1.6 14.7 76.7 3.8 2086
T5.75 % of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 Split: Basal, Squaring, Flowering, Boll development)
T7.T6+raising of Sunnhemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
130 1.8 15.9 80.7 4.0 2343
SEd 6.9 0.1 0.8 4.4 0.2 111
CD (5%) 21.5 0.3 2.4 NS NS 343
D - 81
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR III. 9. Nutrient uptake (kg/ha) , availability (kg/ha) and economics as influenced by by N application methods in Bt cotton at Junagarh under irrigated condition in Central Zone
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IIIB. 10. Growth characters and Seed cotton yield (kg/ha), as influenced by N application methods in Bt cotton at Khandwa under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments Plant
height (cm) at harvest
No. of monopodi
a at harvest
No. of sympodia at harvest
No. of Bolls/squar
emetre
Boll weight
(g)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
T1.N0 Control 95.3 0.1 21.7 58.8 2.9 954
T2.100 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) 112.9 0.1 25.0 64.0 3.8 1400
T3.75 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering) 113.5 0.1 23.9 61.1 3.7 1350
T4.75 % of RDN +Placement(Spot application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
115.1 0.1 24.7 71.3 4.0 1383
T5.75 % of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 Split: Basal, Squaring, Flowering, Boll development)
T7.T6+raising of Sunnhemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
183 2.6 18.4 96.5 5.2 3109
SEd 4.87 0.3 0.9 5.0 0.2 169
CD (5%) 10.73 0.6 1.9 11.0 NS 372
D - 87
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IIIB.16.Nutrient uptake (kg/ha), N use efficiency (kg/kg ) and economics as influenced by N application methods in Bt cotton under rainfed conditions at LAM in south zone
Treatments
N use efficiency
(kg of kapas/ kg
of N)
Nutrient uptake (kg/ha) Treatment
Cost (Rs/ha)
Gross return (Rs/ha)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
BCR N P K
T1.N0 Control - 28.3 9.0 25.5 5217 92654 28957 1.45
T2.100 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
20.15 45.0 14.4 40.5 8282 130560 56339 1.76
T3.75 % of RDN(Band application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
23.27 42.4 13.5 38.1 7517 113096 43076 1.61
T4.75 % of RDN +Placement(Spot application in 2 splits at Basal & Flowering)
23.59 42.1 13.4 37.8 8956 114651 42887 1.60
T5.75 % of RDN + Placement (Spot application in 4 Split: Basal, Squaring, Flowering, Boll development)
T7.T6+raising of Sunnhemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
27.64 44.3 14.1 39.8 14032 134337 53624 1.66
SEd 1.46 1.39 0.45 1.25 - 7305 5868 0.07
CD (5%) 3.21 3.07 0.98 2.76 - 16,093 1292 0.15
D - 88
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IIIB. 17. Growth characters , Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and economics as influenced by N application methods in Bt cotton under rainfed conditions at Nandyal in south zone
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IIIB.18. Growth, yield parameters, Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and economics as influenced by N application methods in Bt cotton under rainfed conditions at Dharwad in south zone
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV.1. Growth characters, Seed cotton yield (kg/ha), economics and organic carbon (%) status as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Kanpur in North Zone
Treatments
Plant Height (cm) at harvest
No. of monopo
dia at harvest
No. of sympo
dia at
harvest
No. of Bolls
/SQM
Boll weight
(g)
Seed cotton Yield (kg/ ha)
Treatment Cost (Rs/ ha)
Gross return
(Rs/ ha)
Net Return
(Rs/ ha)
BCR
Organic carbon (%)
Init
ial
Fin
al
T1.Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 186.6 3.2 14.3 88.72 1.88 1162 34418 53080 18662 1.54 0.38 0.32
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV.2. Growth characters , Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and economics as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Akola under rainfed condition in Central Zone
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV.3. Growth characters, Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and organic carbon (%) as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Banswara under irrigated condition in North Zone
Treatments
Plant Height (cm) at harvest
No. of monopod
ia at harvest
No. of sympodia at harvest
No. of Bolls
/plant
Boll weight
(g)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
Organic carbon (%)
Init
ial
Fin
al
T1.Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 93 2.71 15.67 36 2.04 436 0.56 0.47
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV.4. Nutrient availability (kg/ha) and economics as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Banswara under irrigated condition in Central Zone
Treatments
Nutrient availability (kg/ha) Cost of cultivati
on (Rs/ha)
Gross return (Rs/ha)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
BCR Initial Final
N P2O
5 K2O N P2O5 K2O
T1.Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 262 26 384 180 17 256 12000 20355 8355 0.63
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV.5. Growth characters, Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and organic carbon (%) as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Bhawanipatna under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments
Plant height (cm) at harvest
No. of monopodia at harvest
No. of sympodia at harvest
No. of Bolls
/SQM
Boll weight
(g)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
Organic carbon (%)
Init
ial
Fin
al
T1.Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 62.9 1.8 9.5 21.0 2.2 924 0.48 0.49
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV.6 Nutrient availability (kg/ha) and economics as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Bhawanipatna under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments
Nutrient availability (kg/ha) Treatment Cost
(Rs/ha)
Gross return (Rs/ha)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
BCR Initial Final
N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O
T1.Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 262 26 384 180 17 256 12000 20355 8355 0.63
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV.7. Growth characters, Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and organic carbon (%) as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Indore under rainfed condition in Central Zone
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV.8. Economic evaluation of different organic nutrient managements at Indore under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments Cotton
Equivalent Yield (kg/ha)
Cost of cultivation
(Rs./ha)
Gross return
(Rs./ha)
Net return (Rs./ha)
B:C Ratio (Rs./ha)
T1.Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 690 18000 34500 16500 1.91
T2.Control (RDN through inorganic) 1300 21200 65000 43800 3.06
T3.RD of Nutrient through organic based on P equivalent basis
1020 30150 51000 20850 1.69
T4.Seed treatment and soil application of recommended bio fertilisers and foliar application of PPFM
850 20425 42500 22075 2.08
T5.Neem cake 250 kg/ha 860 23301 43000 19690 1.84
T6.Raising of Sun hemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
910 21200 45500 24300 2.14
T7.Intercropping with green gram/black gram/ ground nut/soybean
1082 20105 54100 33995 2.69
T8.T4+T5 850 24395 42500 18105 1.74
T9.T4+T6 900 22155 45000 22845 2.03
T10.T4+T5+T6 860 26835 43000 16165 1.60
T11.T4+ T5 + T7 1135 25790 56750 30960 2.02
S Em + 50.00 931.30 1228.2 393.3 0.034
CD (5%) 147.50 2747.33 3623.0 1160.3 0.10
D - 98
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV.9. Growth characters, Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and organic carbon (%) as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Junagarh under irrigated condition in Central zone
Treatments
Plant Height (cm) at harvest
No. of monopodia at
harvest
No. of sympodia at harvest
No. of Bolls
/SQM
Boll weight
(g)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
Organic carbon (%)
Init
ial
Fin
al
T1.Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 76 1.7 8.1 34 3.72 1147 0.70 0.70
AGR IV.10. Nutrient uptake (kg/ha), nutrient availability (kg/ha) and economics as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Junagarh under irrigated condition in Central Zone
D - 99
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV.11.Growth characters and Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Nanded under rainfed condition in Central Zone
D - 100
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
Treatments
Plant height (cm) at harvest
No. of monopo
dia at harvest
No. of sympodia at harvest
No. of Bolls
/Sq M
Boll weight
(g)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
Seed cotton equivalent
yield (kg ha-1)
T1 - Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 139.5 0.7 19.9 34.7 1.3 466 466
T2 - Control (RDN through inorganic) 153.9 0.8 23.7 54.0 1.7 921 921
T3 - RD of Nutrient through organic based on P equivalent basis 161.5 0.5 23.6 43.3 1.6 711 711
T4 - Seed treatment and soil application of recommended bio fertilisers and foliar application of PPFM
T6 - Raising of Sun hemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
3530 29350 21295 -8055 0.72
T7 - Intercropping with green gram/black gram/ ground nut/soybean 3581 29638 50630 20991 1.71
T8 - T4+T5 8480 38198 39008 810 1.02
T9 - T4+T6 5760 31709 22445 -9264 0.71
T10 - T4+T5+T6 12010 38126 23986 -14139 0.63
T11 - T4+ T5 + T7 12061 38443 56980 18537 1.48
SEd - 239 2305 2099 0.06
CD (5%) - 706 6799 6191 0.17
D - 102
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV 13. Growth characters and Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Rahuri under Irrigated condition in Central Zone
Treatments
Plant Height (cm) at harvest
No. of sympodia at harvest
No. of Bolls
/SQM
Boll weight
(g)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
T1 Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 69.7 17.2 142.7 2.8 779
T2 Control (RDN through inorganic) 99.1 24.6 238.7 3.6 1673
T3 RD of Nutrient through organic based on P equivalent basis 95.8 24.0 234.7 3.5 1598
T4 Seed treatment and soil application of recommended bio fertilizers and foliar application of PPFM
86.0 21.7 194.7 2.9 905
T5 Neem cake 250 kg/ha 86.3 22.8 201.3 3.0 915
T6 Raising of Sun hemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
80.3 21.6 177.3 2.9 891
T7 Intercropping with green gram/black gram/ ground nut/soybean 76.2 20.1 168.0 2.8 845
T8 T4+T5 91.1 23.6 222.7 3.1 1286
T9 T4+T6 90.8 22.0 212.0 3.1 1074
T10 T4+T5+T6 95.0 24.0 233.4 3.3 1406
T11 T4+ T5 + T7 92.7 23.8 226.7 3.2 1294
SEd 6.71 6.7 1.5 12.9 0.2
CD (5%) 19.01 19.0 4.3 36.5 0.6
D - 103
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV 14. Economics as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Rahuri under Irrigated condition in Central Zone
Treatments Treatment
Cost (Rs/ha)
Gross return (Rs/ha)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
BCR
T1 Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 43038 37375 -5663 0.87 T2 Control (RDN through inorganic) 52573 80310 27737 1.53 T3 RD of Nutrient through organic based on P equivalent basis 63701 76703 13002 1.20
T4 Seed treatment and soil application of recommended bio fertilisers and foliar application of PPFM
45473 43438 -2035 0.95
T5 Neem cake 250 kg/ha 48361 43925 -4435 0.91
T6 Raising of Sun hemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR V 15. Growth characters, Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and organic carbon (%) as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Surat under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments
Plant Height (cm) at harvest
No. of monopodia at harvest
No. of sympodia at harvest
No. of Bolls
/SQM
Boll weight
(g)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
Initial Organic carbon
(%)
T1.Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 86.8 0.78 11.5 47.5 3.11 553 0.42
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR V 17. Growth characters and Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Khandwa under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments
Plant Height (cm) at harvest
No. of monopodia at harvest
No. of sympodia at harvest
No. of Bolls
/SQM
Boll weight
(g)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
T1.Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 131.5 0.6 18.2 71.9 1.2 670
T2.Control (RDN through inorganic) 143.3 1.3 31.2 127.4 2.0 1025
T3.RD of Nutrient through organic based on P equivalent basis 133.1 0.8 27.9 92.0 1.4 900
T4.Seed treatment and soil application of recommended bio fertilizers and foliar application of PPFM
Note- Yield of inter crop (Soybean) shown in brackets in T7 and T11
D - 107
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV 18. Economics as influenced by organic methods of cultivation at Khandwa under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments Treatment
Cost (Rs/ha)
Gross return (Rs/ha)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
BCR
T1.Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 27500 30105 2605 1.09
T2.Control (RDN through inorganic) 32837 46125 13288 1.40
T3.RD of Nutrient through organic based on P equivalent basis 38611 40500 1889 1.40
T4.Seed treatment and soil application of recommended bio fertilisers and foliar application of PPFM
32121 37665 5544 1.17
T5.Neem cake 250 kg/ha 33063 36000 2937 1.08
T6.Raising of Sun hemp / fodder cowpea between rows incorporated before flowering 33794 36000 2206 1.06
T7.Intercropping with green gram/black gram/ ground nut/soybean 32665 48765 16100 1.49
T8.T4+T5 37689 40500 2811 1.07
T9.T4+T6 37448 42750 5302 1.14
T10.T4+T5+T6 43962 54000 10038 1.22
T11.T4+ T5 + T7 42828 64410 21582 1.50
Seed cotton yield @ Rs. 4500/quintal
D - 108
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV. 19. Growth parameters, Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and economics as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Dharwad under rainfed condition in South Zone
Treatments Plant
height (cm)
No. of monopod
ia per plant
No. of sympod
ia per plant
No. of Bolls/S
q.m
Boll weight (g)
Seed Cotton yield
(kg/ha)
Cost of Cultivation (Rs/ha)
Gross return (Rs/ha)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
BCR
T1 : Absolute control (No organic & inorganic) 75.3 0.8 11.8 87.3 3.90 958 37788 49791 12003 1.32
T2 : Control (RDN through inorganic) 105.9 1.8 18.5 138.0 4.50 2769 63455 143986 80531 2.27
T3 : RD of Nutrient through organic based on P equivalent basis
* T7 and T11 Figures in parenthesis indicates cotton equivalent yield of the intercropping system cotton + greengram . Greengram yield : T7: 874 kg ha-1 T11: 909 kg ha-1 Green gram price: Rs. 60/kg Seed cotton price : Rs. 52/kg
D - 109
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV 20. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) , yield parameters and economics as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Dharwad under rainfed condition in South Zone (mean of 2016 and 2017)
Treatments No. of Bolls
/SQM
Boll weight
(g)
SCY/ plant
SCY (kg/ha)
Treatment Cost (Rs/ha)
Gross return (Rs/ha)
Net Return (Rs/ha)
BCR
T1 : Absolute control (No organic & inorganic) 70.2 3.85 22.6 778 34588 41183 6596 1.18
T2 : Control (RDN through inorganic) 126.8 4.42 47.6 2117 57356 111903 54547 1.91
T3 : RD of Nutrient through organic based on P equivalent basis 114.5 4.37 40.6 1667 56999 88159 31160 1.52
T4 : Seed treatment and soil application of recommended bio fertilisers and foliar application of PPFM at flowering and Boll
* T7 and T11 Figures in parenthesis indicates cotton equivalent yield
D - 110
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV 21. Growth characters, Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and organic carbon (%) as influenced by organic methods of cultivation at LAM under rainfed condition in South Zone
Treatments
Plant Height (cm) at harvest
No. of monopodia at harvest
No. of sympodia at harvest
No. of Bolls
/SQM
Boll weight
(g)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
Organic carbon (%)
Initial
T1.Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 141.1 2.1 13.5 47.2 3.2 874 0.15
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGRIV.23. Growth attributes and seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by organic nutrient managements at Srivilliputhur under irrigated condition in South Zone
Treatments Plant
height (cm) No.of
Monopodia No.of
sympodia Bolls/m2
Boll weight (g)
Seed cotton yield (kg/ha)
T1- Absolute control (No organic & inorganic) 104.9 1.1 13.0 64.3 3.3 1222
T2 – Control (RDN through inorganic) 126.8 1.5 17.5 79.3 3.7 1790
T3- RD of nutrient through organic based on P equivalent basis
116.7 1.2 15.9 71.6 3.6 1496
T4 – Seed treatment & soil application of bio-fertilizers & foliar application of PPFM
T6 – Raising of sunnhemp & inc. before flowering 114.5 1.2 15.8 70.2 3.5 1416
T7 – Intercropping with green gram 112.7 1.1 14.7 68.2 3.5 1311
T8 – T4 + T5 117.4 1.3 16.2 72.6 3.7 1427
T9 - T4 + T6 120.0 1.3 16.5 73.2 3.7 1451
T10 - T4 + T5 + T6 124.5 1.4 17.1 76.3 3.7 1701
T11 - T4 + T5 + T7 122.3 1.4 17.0 75.0 3.7 1627
SEd. 7.51 0.1 0.8 4.3 0.2 76.2
CD(P=0.05) 16.97 0.3 0.9 9.7 NS 173.3
CV % 9.2 11.1 7.0 7.4 6.3 10.5
D - 113
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGRIV.24. Growth characters, seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and organic carbon (%) as influenced by organic methods of cultivation at Coimbatore under irrigated Condition in South Zone
Treatments
Plant Height (cm) at harvest
No. of monopodia at harvest
No. of sympodia at harvest
No. of Bolls
/SQM
Boll weight
(g)
Seed cotton Yield
(kg/ha)
Organic carbon (%)
Initial Final
T1.Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 76.6 1.6 9.7 46.7 3.3 689 0.61 0.61
CD (5%) 12.323 0.643 4.255 10.663* 6.405 145* NS NS
D - 114
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IV.25. Nutrient uptake (kg/ha), nutrient availability (kg/ha) and economics as influenced organic methods of cultivation at Coimbatore under irrigated Condition in South Zone
Treatments Nutrient uptake
(kg/ha)
Nutrient availability (kg/ha) Cost of
cultivation (Rs/ha)
Gross return
(Rs/ ha)
Net Return
(Rs/ ha)
BCR Initial Final
N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O N P K
T1.Absolute control (No organic& inorganic) 65 16 68 201 18.5 213 171 14.3 198 39000 34450 -4550 0.88
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IX 1.Growth characters as influenced by moisture conservation, times of sowing and super absorbent at Akola (rainfed condition) Treatments
M1 In situ Soil Moisture
Conservation M2 Control
M1 M2 T1 T2 Mean (Super
Absorbent) T1 Sowing T2 30 DAS T1 Sowing T2 30 DAS
Plant Height (cm)
S1 – Super Absorbent @ 0 kg /ha 102.0 99.3 97.2 92.9 100.7 95.0 99.6 96.1 97.9
S2- Super Absorbent @ 12.5 kg /ha 106.9 103.3 104.7 98.2 105.1 101.4 105.8 100.8 103.3
S3- Super Absorbent @ 18 kg /ha 108.5 108.8 103.0 99.3 108.6 101.2 105.7 104.1 104.9
Mean 105.8 103.8 101.6 96.8 104.8 99.2 103.7 100.3
Anova M T S M X T M X S S x T M x S X T
SE d 3.5 1.3 3.7 1.9 5.2 5.2 7.4
CD (5 %) 15.0 3.6 NS NS NS NS NS
No of Sympodia at harvest
S1 – Super Absorbent @ 0 kg /ha 16.6 17.7 14.7 15.7 17.1 15.2 15.7 16.7 16.2
S2- Super Absorbent @ 12.5 kg /ha 17.2 18.7 15.9 16.4 17.9 16.2 16.6 17.5 17.1
S3- Super Absorbent @ 18 kg /ha 18.7 22.5 16.7 18.0 20.6 17.4 17.7 20.2 19.0
Mean 17.5 19.6 15.8 16.7 18.5 16.3 16.6 18.2 0
Anova M T S M X T M X S S x T M x S X T
SE d 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.8 1.3 1.3 1.9
CD (5 %) 2.2 1.5 2.0 NS NS NS NS
No. of Bolls /SQ M
S1 – Super Absorbent @ 0 kg /ha 57.8 60.0 47.4 51.7 58.9 49.6 52.6 55.9 54.2
S2- Super Absorbent @ 12.5 kg /ha 59.7 62.8 53.3 58.3 61.2 55.8 56.5 60.6 58.5
S3- Super Absorbent @ 18 kg /ha 62.0 63.1 58.7 61.4 62.5 60.1 60.4 62.2 61.3
Mean 59.8 62.0 53.2 57.2 60.9 55.2 56.5 59.6 54.2
Anova M T S M X T M X S S x T M x S X T
SE d 1.0 0.9 2.1 1.2 2.9 2.9 4.1
CD (5 %) 4.2 2.4 4.4 NS NS NS NS
D - 132
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IX 2.Bolls weight (g), Seed Cotton Yield (kg/ha) and germination (%) as influenced by moisture conservation, times of sowing and super absorbent at Akola under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments
M1 In situ Soil Moisture Conservation
M2 Control M1 M2 T1 T2
Mean (Super
Absorbent) T1 Sowing T2 30 DAS T1 Sowing T2 30 DAS
Bolls weight (g)
S1 – Super Absorbent @ 0 kg /ha 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.3
S2- Super Absorbent @ 12.5 kg /ha 3.8 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.3 3.6 3.4 3.5
S3- Super Absorbent @ 18 kg /ha 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.7
Mean 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.6 3.4 3.6 3.4
Anova M T S M X T M X S S x T M x S X T
SE d 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3
CD (5 %) 0.7 NS 0.3 NS NS NS NS
Seed Cotton Yield (kg/ha)
S1 – Super Absorbent @ 0 kg /ha 1276 1280 1107 1139 1278 1123 1191 1209 1200
S2- Super Absorbent @ 12.5 kg /ha 1477 1605 1212 1431 1541 1321 1344 1518 1430
S3- Super Absorbent @ 18 kg /ha 1550 1655 1308 1504 1603 1406 1429 1580 1504
Mean 1434 1513 1209 1358 1474 1283 1321 1436
Anova M T S M X T M X S S x T M x S X T
SE d 36 48 56 67 79 79 112
CD (5 %) 155 132 119 NS NS NS NS
Germination percent (%)
S1 – Super Absorbent @ 0 kg /ha 100.0 98.1 96.3 100.0 99.1 98.1 98.1 99.1 98.6
S2- Super Absorbent @ 12.5 kg /ha 100.0 98.1 100.0 98.1 99.1 99.1 100.0 98.1 99.1
S3- Super Absorbent @ 18 kg /ha 98.1 98.1 96.3 100.0 98.1 98.1 97.2 99.1 98.1
Mean 99.4 98.1 97.5 99.4 98.8 98.5 98.5 98.8
Anova M T S M X T M X S S x T M x S X T
SE d 0.3 1.2 0.9 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.9
CD (5 %) NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
D - 133
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IX 3.Soil moisture Content (%) and Water use Efficiency (kg ha mm-1) as influenced by moisture conservation, times of sowing and super absorbent at Akola under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments
M1 In situ Soil Moisture Conservation
M2 Control M1 M2 T1 T2
Mean (Super
Absorbent) T1 Sowing T2 30 DAS T1 Sowing T2 30 DAS
Soil moisture content (%) at 45 DAS
S1 – Super Absorbent @ 0 kg /ha 31.5 31.6 30.4 31.2 31.5 30.8 31.0 31.4 31.2
S2- Super Absorbent @ 12.5 kg /ha 31.5 32.9 30.7 31.6 32.2 31.2 31.1 32.3 31.7
S3- Super Absorbent @ 18 kg /ha 32.8 32.3 31.5 30.6 32.6 31.0 32.1 31.5 31.8
Mean 31.9 32.3 30.9 31.1 32.1 31.0 31.4 31.7
Anova M T S M X T M X S S x T M x S X T
SE d 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4
CD (5 %) 0.4 NS 0.5 NS NS 0.6 NS
Soil moisture content (%) at 90 DAS
S1 – Super Absorbent @ 0 kg /ha 22.3 22.7 21.8 22.6 22.5 22.2 22.1 22.7 22.4
S2- Super Absorbent @ 12.5 kg /ha 22.3 23.4 21.6 22.7 22.9 22.2 22.0 23.1 22.5
S3- Super Absorbent @ 18 kg /ha 23.4 22.7 22.8 21.9 23.1 22.4 23.1 22.3 22.7
Mean 22.7 22.9 22.0 22.4 22.8 22.2 22.4 22.7
Anova M T S M X T M X S S x T M x S X T
SE d 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5
CD (5 %) 0.5 NS NS NS NS 0.7 NS
Water use Efficiency (kg ha mm-1)
S1 – Super Absorbent @ 0 kg /ha 3.6 3.6 3.1 3.2 3.6 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.4
S2- Super Absorbent @ 12.5 kg /ha 4.1 4.5 3.4 4.0 4.3 3.7 3.8 4.3 4.0
S3- Super Absorbent @ 18 kg /ha 4.3 4.6 3.7 4.2 4.5 3.9 4.0 4.4 4.2
Mean 4.0 4.2 3.4 3.8 4.1 3.6 3.7 4.0
Anova M T S M X T M X S S x T M x S X T
SE d 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3
CD (5 %) 0.4 0.4 0.3 NS NS NS NS
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AGR IX 4.Germination percent (%) and Soil moisture content (%) at 30 & 60 DAS as influenced by moisture conservation, times of application and super absorbent levels at Nanded under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments M1.Insitu soil moisture
conservation M2.Control M1
(In situ) M2
(Control) T1
(Sowing) T2
(30 DAS)
Mean (Super
Absorbent) T1.Sowing T2.30 DAS T1.Sowing T2.30 DAS
Mean 29.16 30.06 28.14 30.66 29.61 29.40 28.65 30.36 29.5
ANOVA M T S MxT MxS SxT MxSxT
SE d 0.61 0.76 0.81 1.08 1.14 1.14 1.63
CD (5%) N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S.
D - 135
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AGR IX 5. Soil moisture content (%) at 90, 120 and 150 DAS as influenced by moisture conservation, times of application and super absorbent levels at Nanded under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments M1. Insitu soil moisture
conservation M2.Control
M1 (In
situ)
M2 (Control)
T1 (Sowing)
T2 (30
DAS)
Mean (Super
Absorbent) T1.Sowing T2.30 DAS T1.Sowing T2.30 DAS
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IX 6. Plant height (cm), No. of sympodia and No. monopodia at harvest as influenced by moisture conservation, times of sowing and super absorbent at Nanded under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments M1.Insitu soil moisture
conservation M2.Control
M1 (In
situ)
M2 (Control)
T1 (Sowing)
T2 (30
DAS)
Mean (Super
Absorbent) T1.Sowing T2.30 DAS T1.Sowing T2.30 DAS
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IX 7.Boll weight (g), Bolls / Sqm and seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by moisture conservation, times of application and super absorbent levels at Nanded under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments M1.Insitu soil moisture
conservation M2.Control M1
(In situ) M2
(Control) T1
(Sowing)
T2 (30
DAS)
Mean (Super
Absorbent) T1.Sowing T2.30 DAS T1.Sowing T2.30 DAS
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IX 8. Economics as influenced by moisture conservation, times of application and super absorbent levels at Nanded under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments M1.Insitu soil moisture
conservation M2.Control
M1 (In
situ)
M2 (Control)
T1 (Sowing)
T2 (30 DAS)
Mean (Super
Absorbent) T1.Sowing T2.30 DAS T1.Sowing T2.30 DAS
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
AGR IX 9.Germination percent (%) and Soil moisture content (%)at 45 & 90 DAS as influenced by moisture conservation, times of sowing and super absorbent at Khandwa under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Treatments M1. Insitu soil moisture
conservation M2.Control
M1 M2 T1 T2 Mean (Super
Absorbent) T1.Sowing T2.30 DAS T1.Sowing T2.30 DAS
Mean 19.16 29.05 16.84 18.22 24.10 17.53 18.00 23.63 20.8
ANOVA M T S MxT MxS SxT MxSxT
SE d 0.65 0.77 1.08 0.37 NS 2.49 NS
CD (5%) 2.80 2.15 2.29 1.01 5.28
D - 140
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AGR IX 10. Soil moisture content (%) at 120 and 150 DAS and plant height as influenced by moisture conservation, times of sowing and super absorbent at Khandwa under rainfed condition in Central Zone
Mean 110.44 104.94 101.25 107.50 107.69 104.38 105.85 106.22 106.0
ANOVA M T S MxT MxS SxT MxSxT
SE d NS NS 2.99 NS NS 6.90 13.80
CD (5%) 6.33 14.63 29.26
D - 141
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AGR IX 11. Growth characters and seed cotton yield (kg/ha) as influenced by moisture conservation, times of sowing and super absorbent at Khandwa under rainfed condition in Central Zone
PHY 1A.18. Growth characters of genotypes as influenced by soil moister stress at Dharwad in South Zone Plant height (cm) No. of sympodia/plant No. of bolls/plant
D - 160
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Genotypes Irrigated Rainfed Mean Irrigated Rainfed Mean Irrigated Rainfed Mean
PHY 1A.19. Yield and yield parameters as influenced by soil moister stress and genotypes in cotton at Dharwad in South Zone Genotypes Boll Weight (g) Seed Cotton Yield (g/plant) Seed Cotton Yield (kg/ha) % Yield DSI
D - 161
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Irrigated Rainfed Mean Irrigated Rainfed Mean Irrigated Rainfed Mean Reduction
PHY 1A.20. Leaf relative water content (RWC) and SPAD value as influenced by soil moister stress and genotypes in cotton at Dharwad Genotypes RWC (%) SPAD Value
D - 162
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PHY 1A.21. Physiological parameters as influenced by soil moister stress and genotypes in cotton at Dharwad in South Zone Genotypes Photosynthetic rate (µmol m-2 sec-1) Leaf conductance (µmol m-2 sec-1) Transpiration rate (µmol m-2 sec-1)
D - 163
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Irrigated Rainfed Mean Irrigated Rainfed Mean Irrigated Rainfed Mean
PHY 1A. 22. Biochemical parameters as influenced by soil moister stress and genotypes in cotton at Dharwad in South Zone Genotypes Leaf carbohydrate (mg/g of tissue) Leaf protein (mg/g of tissue) Leaf proline (umol.g-1 of tissue)
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Irrigated Rainfed Mean Irrigated Rainfed Mean Irrigated Rainfed Mean
Variety EC level Interaction (variety X EC level) Interaction (variety X EC level)
SEm+ 0.0738 0.1968 0.3362 1.4678
CD @ 0.05 0.3198 0.5412 0.9266 4.0754
D - 167
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PHY 1b 3. Effect of different salinity levels on shoot length (mm) and total dry matter production (g) of Cotton entries at laboratory conditions at LAM in South Zone
Variety EC level Interaction (variety X EC level) Variety EC level Interaction (variety X EC level)
SEm+ 0.21 0.24 0.41 0.017 0.037 0.064
CD @ 0.05 0.94 0.66 1.14 0.079 0.103 0.177
D - 168
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PHY 1b 4. Effect of different salinity levels on Seedling length (mm) and Root Shoot ratio of Cotton entries at 25 DAS under Pot culture Conditions at LAM in South Zone
Mean 21.53 20.57 20.20 19.02 20.33 0.574 0.630 0.630 0.541
Variety EC level Interaction (variety X EC level) Variety EC level Interaction (variety X EC level)
SEm+ 0.21 0.31 0.54 0.012 0.018 0.018
CD @ 0.05 0.98 0.86 1.50 0.053 0.050 0.050
D - 169
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PHY 1b 5. Effect of different salinity levels on Seedling vigour and Harvest index of Cotton entries at 25 DAS under Pot culture Conditions at LAM in South Zone
Variety EC level Interaction (variety X EC level) Variety EC level Interaction (variety X EC level)
SEm+ 30.9 32.5 32.5
CD @ 0.05 139.9 90.2 90.2
D - 170
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
PHY 1b 6. Effect of different salinity levels on Seed Cotton Yield per plant (g) and Total dry matter production (g) at Harvest of Cotton entries under Pot culture Conditions
Name of the entry
Seed Cotton Yield per plant (g) Total dry matter production (g)
D2. Late sowing by15 days 0.29 0.51 0.47 Dates of sowing
0.05 0.02 0.44 0.39 0.44 Dates of sowing 0.03 0.01
D3. Late sowing by30 days 0.25 0.41 0.43 GxD NS 0.04 0.39 0.33 0.41 GxD NS 0.02
D - 174
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
PHY 2 .4 GDD, HTU and PTU for different phonological stage of cotton genotypes under early, normal and delay sowed condition at Hisar in North Zone
Treatments G1.
H1098i G2.
H 1226 G3.
H 1300 ANOVA SEd
CD (5%)
G4. HD 123
G5. HD 324
G6. HD 432
ANOVA SEd CD (5%)
GDD to Days to flowering
D1.Normal Sowing 1,240 1,247 1,278 G 16 NS 1,434 1,447 1,424 G 17 NS
D2. Late sowing by15 days 1,420 1,463 1,458 D 16 35 1,574 1,581 1,589 D 17 36
D3. Late sowing by30 days 1,422 1,408 1,381 GXD 28 NS 1,562 1,555 1,591 GXD 29 NS
GDD to Days to Boll opening
D1.Normal Sowing 2,529 2,549 2,494 G 16 NS 2,536 2,536 2,569 G 14 NS
D2. Late sowing by15 days 2,602 2,615 2,634 D 16 34 2,615 2,615 2,595 D 14 30
D3. Late sowing by30 days 2,258 2,311 2,271 GXD 27 NS 2,338 2,346 2,357 GXD 24 NS
HTU to Days to flowering
D1.Normal Sowing 10,121 10,198 10,510 G 136 NS 11,421 11,461 11,291 G 107 NS
D2. Late sowing by15 days 11,249 11,512 11,577 D 136 291 12,372 12,338 12,510 D 107 228
D3. Late sowing by30 days 10,352 10,285 10,132 GXD 235 NS 10,956 10,904 11,042 GXD 184 NS
HTU to Days to Boll opening
D1.Normal Sowing 18,659 18,772 18,419 G 114 NS 18,690 18,690 18,912 G 96 NS
D2. Late sowing by15 days 18,987 19,049 19,172 D 114 244 19,049 19,049 18,895 D 96 205
D3. Late sowing by30 days 15,837 16,238 15,941 GXD 197 NS 16,416 16,511 16,581 GXD 166 NS
PTU to Days to flowering
D1.Normal Sowing 16,372 16,466 16,873 G 224 NS 18,997 19,179 18,859 G 233 NS
D2. Late sowing by15 days 18,885 19,516 19,408 D 224 479 21,043 21,135 21,240 D 233 499
D3. Late sowing by30 days 19,312 19,131 18,755 GXD 388 NS 21,169 21,070 21,547 GXD 404 NS
PTU to Days to Boll opening
D1.Normal Sowing 33,867 34,126 33,406 G 198 NS 33,955 33,956 34,387 G 175 NS
D2. Late sowing by15 days 34,794 34,951 35,181 D 198 424 34,951 34,951 34,708 D 175 374
D3. Late sowing by30 days 30,158 30,816 30,315 GXD 343 NS 31,146 31,240 31,375 GXD 303 NS
D - 175
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
PHY 2.5. Growth characters and Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) of genotypes as influenced by dates of sowing at Junagadh (Irrigated)
Treatments
Control (Bt
hybrid) (G.Cot.hy-
8 BG-II)
G1. Hirsutum
(G.Cot. Hy- 12)
G2. Hirsutum
(G.Cot. hy-10)
G3. Hirsutum
(GTHH -49)
G4. Arboreum
(G.Cot. -19)
G5. Arboreum
(G.Cot. -824)
G6. Arboreum
(G. Cot. -15) Mean ANOVA SEm
CD (5%)
CV %
Plant height (cm) at harvest
D1. Early Sowing 111 129 136 150 189 198 200 159 G 2.16 6.19 4.35
D2. Normal Sowing 106 120 135 128 172 176 189 147 D 2.37 9.32 7.32
D3. Late Sowing 101 118 123 126 162 169 182 140 G X D 3.73 NS
Mean 106 123 131 135 174 181 190
No. of sympodia at harvest
D1. Early Sowing 18.7 17.0 19.6 18.3 17.8 18.0 20.5 18.6 G 0.579 1.66 9.68
D2. Normal Sowing 16.0 18.2 18.4 17.3 15.5 17.7 17.5 17.2 D 0.593 NS 15.2
D3. Late Sowing 16.6 17.5 19.7 18.9 17.5 16.5 19.3 18.0 G X D 1.002 NS
Mean 17.1 17.6 19.2 18.2 16.9 17.4 19.1
No. of Bolls/squaremetre
D1. Early Sowing 116.2 91.9 104.0 98.5 94.2 86.9 125.1 102.4 G 2.06 5.91 6.5
D2. Normal Sowing 107.2 92.3 92.1 99.4 90.7 84.6 97.5 94.8 D 0.97 3.82 4.7
D3. Late Sowing 89.4 80.2 83.3 79.5 104.2 75.6 97.7 87.1 G X D 3.57 10.24
Mean 104.2 88.1 93.1 92.5 96.4 82.3 106.8
Boll weight (g)
D1. Early Sowing 4.06 4.04 4.43 4.04 2.36 2.87 2.57 3.48 G 0.11 0.32 9.9
D2. Normal Sowing 3.97 4.17 4.35 3.97 2.13 3.01 2.57 3.45 D 0.04 NS 5.6
D3. Late Sowing 3.89 3.89 4.15 3.83 2.43 2.67 2.57 3.35 G X D 0.20 NS
Mean 3.97 4.03 4.31 3.95 2.31 2.85 2.57
Seed cotton yield(kg/ha)
D1. Early Sowing 3447 2713 3009 2958 2688 1337 3138 2756 G 72.5 208.0 9.4
D2. Normal Sowing 3074 2469 2636 2881 2006 1273 2083 2346 D 66.5 261.3 13.2
D3. Late Sowing 2238 2019 1968 2148 1389 971 2096 1833 G X D 125.5 360.3
Mean 2919 2401 2538 2662 2028 1194 2439
D - 176
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PHY 2. 6. Lint yield (kg/ha) and quality parameters of genotypes as influenced by dates of sowing under Irrigated condition at Junagarh in Central Zone
Treatments
Control (Bt hybrid) (G.Cot.hy-
8 BG-II)
G1. Hirsutum
(G.Cot. Hy- 12)
G2. Hirsutum
(G.Cot. hy-10)
G3. Hirsutum
(GTHH -49)
G4. Arboreum
(G.Cot. -19)
G5. Arboreum
(G.Cot. -824)
G6. Arboreum
(G. Cot. -15) Mean ANOVA SEm
CD (5%)
CV %
Lint yield(kg/ha)
D1. Early Sowing 1171 919 944 1042 878 383 1012 907 G 24.6 70.5 9.8
D2. Normal Sowing 1001 789 843 979 625 360 648 749 D 22.1 86.8 13.5
D3. Late Sowing 766 656 643 735 417 276 637 590 G X D 42.5 122.1
Mean 979 788 810 919 640 340 766
Seed Index
D1. Early Sowing 8.53 9.30 8.33 7.90 5.30 7.93 6.07 7.62 G 0.18 0.51 6.8
D2. Normal Sowing 8.73 9.80 9.20 8.43 5.93 7.53 5.63 7.90 D 0.10 NS 6.1
D3. Late Sowing 8.00 9.73 9.27 8.53 6.17 7.73 6.13 7.94 G X D 0.31 NS
Mean 8.42 9.61 8.93 8.29 5.80 7.73 5.94
Lint Index
D1. Early Sowing 4.43 4.80 3.80 4.30 2.60 3.20 2.90 3.72 G 0.09 0.25 7.1
D2. Normal Sowing 4.20 4.60 4.30 4.37 2.67 2.97 2.53 3.66 D 0.05 NS 6.6
D3. Late Sowing 4.17 4.70 4.43 4.43 2.67 3.07 2.67 3.73 G X D 0.15 NS
Mean 4.27 4.70 4.18 4.37 2.64 3.08 2.70
Ginning %
D1. Early Sowing 34.0 33.9 31.4 35.2 32.7 28.7 32.3 32.6 G 0.30 0.86 2.8
D2. Normal Sowing 32.6 31.9 31.9 34.0 31.0 28.2 31.1 31.5 D 0.25 NS 3.6
D3. Late Sowing 34.2 32.5 32.5 34.3 30.2 28.4 30.3 31.8 G X D 0.52 NS
Mean 33.6 32.8 31.9 34.5 31.3 28.4 31.2
D - 177
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PHY 2. 7. Soil moisture content (%) at different growth stages as influenced by dates of sowing at Junagarh in Central Zone
Treatments
Control (Bt hybrid) (G.Cot.hy-8
BG-II)
G1. Hirsutum
(G.Cot. Hy- 12)
G2. Hirsutum
(G.Cot. hy-10)
G3. Hirsutum
(GTHH -49)
G4. Arboreum (G.Cot. -
19)
G5. Arboreum (G.Cot. -
824)
G6. Arboreum (G. Cot. -
15)
Mean ANOVA SEm CD
(5%) CV %
Soil moisture content (%) 10 DAS
D1. Early Sowing 37.2 37.1 37.0 37.2 37.6 37.4 37.1 37.3 G 0.46 NS 3.5
D2. Normal Sowing 41.6 40.9 41.1 40.7 41.6 40.3 41.6 41.1 D 0.42 1.64 4.8
D3. Late Sowing 40.5 42.2 40.9 42.1 42.3 42.0 42.3 41.8 G X D 0.80 NS
Mean 39.8 40.1 39.7 40.0 40.5 39.9 40.4
Soil moisture content (%) 45 DAS
D1. Early Sowing 39.5 38.4 40.7 39.9 38.3 40.9 40.8 39.8 G 0.73 NS 6.0
D2. Normal Sowing 34.7 32.9 35.9 34.5 34.4 33.6 34.9 34.4 D 0.68 2.68 8.6
D3. Late Sowing 32.2 34.5 34.9 35.6 35.8 35.9 35.9 35.0 G X D 1.26 NS
Mean 35.5 35.3 37.2 36.7 36.2 36.8 37.2
Soil moisture content (%) 90 DAS
D1. Early Sowing 27.7 25.7 30.0 28.4 26.0 29.2 29.1 28.0 G 0.61 1.75 6.6
D2. Normal Sowing 28.1 25.6 30.3 26.9 26.9 26.2 30.8 27.8 D 0.71 NS 11.7
D3. Late Sowing 24.3 26.3 26.7 27.3 30.1 27.6 27.6 27.1 G X D 1.06 3.04
Mean 26.7 25.8 29.0 27.6 27.7 27.7 29.2
Soil moisture content (%) 120 DAS
D1. Early Sowing 28.6 27.5 22.1 27.5 23.5 16.6 19.2 23.6 G 1.33 3.82 17.4
D2. Normal Sowing 28.4 20.5 26.6 17.8 24.4 17.1 19.8 22.1 D 0.61 NS 12.1
D3. Late Sowing 25.4 24.1 23.9 26.8 20.8 22.3 20.1 23.3 G X D 2.31 NS
Mean 27.5 24.0 24.2 24.0 22.9 18.7 19.7
Soil moisture content (%) 150 DAS
D1. Early Sowing 18.5 15.4 15.1 11.0 19.2 15.7 16.7 15.9 G 0.39 1.13 6.9
D2. Normal Sowing 21.2 19.5 13.6 19.7 20.6 17.8 18.8 18.7 D 0.48 1.88 12.7
D3. Late Sowing 19.5 18.9 17.1 17.8 11.8 16.5 17.7 17.1 G X D 0.68 1.96
Mean 19.7 17.9 15.3 16.2 17.2 16.6 17.7
D - 178
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PHY 2.8. Required days to attain phonological stages as influenced by genotypes and dates of sowing under irrigated condition at Junagarh in Central Zone
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
PHY 2.9. Biochemical analysis (mg/g of tissue) of cotton genotypes under early, normal and delay sowed condition under irrigated condition at Junagarh in Central Zone
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
PHY 2.10.GDD, HTU and PTU for different phonological stage of cotton genotypes under early, normal and delay sowed condition under Irrigated condition at Junagarh in Central Zone
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
SE d 3.6 0.9 0.7 0.09 3.49 90.25 1.04 0.81 0.01 0.28
CD (5%) NS NS 2.0 0.26 NS NS NS 2.41 0.04 0.84
BIO 2. 1. Plant height(cm) and number of sympodia (No/plant) of genotypes at harvest under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Dharwad in South Zone
Treatments
MI - Protected M2 – Unprotected
M1 M2 NDLS-1938
Suraj Mean (PGR)
NDLS-1938
Suraj NDLS-1938 Suraj
Plant height (cm)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS 144.11 124.22 132.11 119.33 134.17 125.72 138.11 121.78 129.94
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS 130.89 112.11 128.22 110.44 121.50 119.33 129.56 111.28 120.42
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS+ MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS
Mean 22.25 23.36 20.97 20.02 22.81 20.50 21.61 21.69 21.65
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG -- --
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SE d 0.68 0.15 0.36 0.21 0.51 0.51 0.73 -- --
CD (5%) NS NS 1.06 0.82 NS 1.50 NS -- --
BIO 2. 2. No of bolls per plant and boll weight (g) of genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Dharwad in South Zone
Treatments
MI - Protected M2 – Unprotected
M1 M2 NDLS-1938
Suraj Mean (PGR)
NDLS-1938
Suraj NDLS-1938 Suraj
No. of bolls/plant
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS 10.78 17.44 9.56 12.44 14.11 11.00 10.17 14.94 12.56
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS 13.78 14.33 10.93 11.00 14.06 10.97 12.36 12.67 12.51
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS+ MC @ 50 ppm at 90
DAS 15.78 16.44 10.11 17.11 16.11 13.61 12.94 16.78 14.86
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
SE d 0.01 0.06 0.05 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.09 -- --
CD (5%) 0.09 0.24 NS NS NS NS NS -- --
BIO.2.3. Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and sucking pest population (No/plant) before the day of PGR spray as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Dharwad in South Zone
Treatments MI - Protected M2 - Unprotected
M1 M2 NDLS-1938 Suraj Mean (PGR) NDLS-1938 Suraj NDLS-1938 Suraj
Seed cotton yield (kg/ha)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS 865 1771 776 1428 1318 1102 820 1600 1210
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS 1016 1912 851 1578 1464 1215 934 1745 1339
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS+ MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS
* Values in parenthesis indicate the mean values of the respective treatment.
D - 200
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BIO.2.4. Sucking pest population (No/plant) before 3rd and 7th day of PGR spray as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Dharwad in South Zone
Treatments
MI - Protected M2 - Unprotected
M1 M2 NDLS-1938
Suraj Mean (PGR)
NDLS-1938
Suraj NDLS-1938
Suraj
No. of leafhopper nymphs/3 leaves after 3rd day of PGR spray
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS 1.65 (2.73) 1.88
(3.53) 1.78 (3.20)
2.20 (4.87)
1.76 (3.13)
1.99 (4.03)
1.72 (2.97) 2.02
(4.20) 1.88 (3.58)
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS 1.97 (4.00) 1.98
(4.00) 2.03 (4.13)
2.60 (6.80)
1.97 (4.00)
2.32 (5.47)
2.00 (4.07) 2.27
(5.40) 2.14
(4.73)
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS+ MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS
1.63 (2.67) 1.86
(3.47) 1.75 (3.07)
2.16 (4.80)
1.75 (3.07)
1.95 (3.93)
1.69 (2.87) 2.27
(4.13) 1.85
(3.50)
S4– Control 2.20 (4.93) 2.29
(5.27) 2.45 (6.00)
2.84 (8.07)
2.25 (5.10)
2.64 (7.03)
2.33 (5.47) 2.56
(6.67) 2.45
(6.07)
Mean 1.86
(3.58) 2.00
(4.07) 2.00
(4.10) 2.45
(6.13) 1.93
(3.83) 2.23
(5.12) 1.93
(3.84) 2.28
(5.10) 2.08
(4.47)
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG -- --
SE d 0.04 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.10 0.10 0.14 -- --
CD (5%) 0.22 0.02 0.21 0.03 NS NS NS -- --
No. of leafhopper nymphs/3 leaves after 7th day of PGR spray
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS 1.15 (1.33) 1.68
(2.83) 1.73 (3.00)
1.79 (3.20)
1.42 (2.08)
1.76 (3.10)
1.44 (2.17) 1.73
(3.02) 1.59
(2.59)
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS 1.68 (2.83) 1.88
(3.80) 1.79 (3.20)
1.84 (3.40)
1.78 (3.32)
1.82 (3.30)
1.74 (3.02) 1.86
(3.60) 1.80
(3.31)
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS+ MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS
1.18 (1.40) 1.45
(2.13) 1.65 (2.73)
1.75 (3.07)
1.31 (1.77)
1.70 (2.90)
1.42 (2.07) 1.60
(2.60) 1.51
(2.33)
S4– Control 1.71 (2.92) 2.05
(4.20) 2.42 (5.87)
2.69 (7.27)
1.88 (3.56)
2.56 (6.57)
2.06 (4.39) 2.37
(5.73) 2.22
(5.06)
Mean 1.43
(2.12) 1.76
(3.24) 1.90
(3.70) 2.02
(4.23) 1.60
(2.68) 1.96
(3.97) 1.66
(2.91) 1.89
(3.74) 1.78
(3.32)
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG -- --
SE d 0.06 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.10 -- --
CD (5%) 0.34 0.17 0.15 NS 0.20 NS NS -- --
* Values in parenthesis indicate the mean values of the respective treatment.
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BIO.2.5. Secondary metabolite (tannin & polyphenols) as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Dharwad in South Zone
Treatments MI - Protected M2 - Unprotected
M1 M2 NDLS-1938 Suraj Mean (PGR) NDLS-1938 Suraj NDLS-1938 Suraj
Tanins (mg/g tissue)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS 13.79 13.58 12.23 13.91 13.68 13.07 13.01 13.74 13.38
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS 12.94 11.85 11.38 12.09 12.39 11.73 12.16 11.97 12.06
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS+ MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS 13.48 12.82 11.92 14.53 13.15 13.23 12.70 13.68 13.19
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
BIO.2.6. Secondary metabolite (flavonoids) and antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase) as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Dharwad in South Zone
Treatments MI – Protected M2 - Unprotected
M1 M2 NDLS-1938 Suraj Mean (PGR) NDLS-1938 Suraj NDLS-1938 Suraj
Flavonoids (mg of catechin eq./g tissue)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS 27.65 25.31 25.45 20.83 26.48 23.14 26.55 23.07 24.81
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS 19.83 14.63 17.63 15.77 17.23 16.70 18.73 15.20 16.97
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS+ MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS 29.64 24.67 27.44 22.84 27.15 25.14 28.54 23.75 26.15
Mean 22.05 19.88 20.61 20.35 20.96 20.48 21.33 20.11 20.72
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG -- --
SE d 0.27 0.40 0.31 0.56 0.43 0.43 0.61 -- --
CD (5%) NS NS 0.90 NS NS 1.27 1.79 -- --
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BIO.2.7.Antioxidative enzymes (catalase & peroxidase) as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Dharwad in South Zone
Treatments MI - Protected M2 - Unprotected
M1 M2 NDLS-1938 Suraj Mean (PGR) NDLS-1938 Suraj NDLS-1938 Suraj
Catalase (U/mg protein)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS 7.97 5.47 7.86 5.35 6.72 6.60 7.91 5.41 6.66
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS 8.49 5.99 8.10 5.47 7.24 6.78 8.29 5.73 7.01
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS+ MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS 8.22 5.72 7.89 5.39 6.97 6.64 8.06 5.56 6.81
Mean 40.60 33.99 38.62 33.92 37.29 36.27 39.61 33.95 36.78
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG -- --
SE d 0.30 0.75 0.82 1.06 1.15 1.15 1.63 -- --
CD (5%) NS 2.94 2.38 NS NS 3.37 NS -- --
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BIO.2.8. Oxidative stress parameters (H2O2 & lipid peroxidation) as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Dharwad in South Zone
Treatments MI – Protected M2 – Unprotected
M1 M2 NDLS-1938 Suraj Mean (PGR) NDLS-1938 Suraj NDLS-1938 Suraj
H2O2 (µmoles/mg protein)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS 3.76 2.79 2.54 2.31 3.27 2.43 3.15 2.55 2.85
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS 3.34 2.62 2.61 2.33 2.98 2.47 2.97 2.48 2.73
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm at 60 DAS+ MC @ 50 ppm at 90 DAS 3.18 3.07 2.42 2.42 3.13 2.42 2.80 2.75 2.77
ICAR - All India Coordinated Research Project on Cotton – Annual Report (2017 – 18)
BIO.2.9.Plant height (cm) and no of sympodia of genotypes at harvest under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Surat in Central Zone
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
93.3 115.7 92.0 97.8 104.5 94.9 92.7 106.8 99.8
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 94.8 116.7 90.0 98.3 105.8 94.2 92.4 107.5 100.0
Mean 94.1 112.8 91.2 100.8 103.5 96.0 92.6 106.8 99.7
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSx
G
SE m 0.56 0.56 0.28 0.28 0.14 0.14 0.07
CD (5%) 4.254 5.67 NS NS NS NS NS
No of Sympodia at harvest
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS
13.8 15.8 13.7 20.0 14.8 16.8 13.8 17.9 15.9
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
17.2 18.2 18.7 19.2 17.7 18.9 17.9 18.7 18.3
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
16.2 19.3 18.0 15.5 17.8 16.8 17.1 17.4 17.3
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 18.5 20.5 17.8 16.5 19.5 17.2 18.2 18.5 18.4
Mean 16.4 18.5 17.0 17.8 17.4 17.4 16.7 18.1 17.4
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSx
G
SE m 0.20 0.20 0.10 0.10 0.05 0.05 0.02
CD (5%) NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
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BIO.2.10. No of Bolls per plant and boll weight (g) of genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Surat in Central Zone
Treatments
MI – Protected M2 - Unprotected
M1 M2 G1 G2 Mean (PGR)
DHY-286 (Leafhopper-
resistant)
DCH -32 (Leafhopper-susceptible)
DHY-286 (Leafhopper-
resistant)
DCH -32
(Leafhopper-
susceptible)
Bolls per plant
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS 31.1 38.3 23.1 28.4 34.7 25.8 27.1 33.4 30.3
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS 30.8 36.0 25.5 27.1 33.4 26.3 28.2 31.5 29.9
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
31.1 37.3 26.1 28.0 34.2 27.1 28.6 32.6 30.6
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 31.4 36.8 23.3 26.7 34.1 25.0 27.4 31.7 29.6
Mean 31.1 37.1 24.5 27.5 34.1 26.0 27.8 32.3 30.1
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE m 0.38 0.38 0.19 0.19 0.10 0.10 0.05
CD (5%) 2.906 3.935 NS NS NS NS NS
Boll weight (g)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.0 2.2
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS 2.5 2.1 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.1 2.3
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
2.6 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.2
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.3
Mean 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.3
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE m 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.005 0.005 0.002
CD (5%) NS 0.111 NS NS NS NS NS
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BIO.2. 11.Seed cotton yield (kg/ha) and sucking pest population (No/plant ) before the day of PGR spray as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Surat in Central Zone
Treatments
MI - Protected M2 - Unprotected
M1 M2 G1 G2 Mean (PGR)
DHY-286 (Leafhopper-
resistant)
DCH -32 (Leafhopper-susceptible)
DHY-286
(Leafhopper-
resistant)
DCH -32 (Leafhopper-susceptible)
Seed cotton yield (kg/ha).
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS 1308.7 1168.3 973.3 888.6 1238.5 930.9 1141.0 1028.5 1084.8
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS 1413.5 1226.1 1108.6 862.5 1319.8 985.5 1261.0 1044.3 1152.7
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 1350.9 1238.3 944.5 854.6 1294.6 899.5 1147.7 1046.4 1097.1
Mean 1374.8 1214.5 1003.7 874.6 1294.6 939.1 1189.2 1044.6 1116.9
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE m 17.80 17.80 8.90 8.90 4.45 4.45 2.23
CD (5%) 134.6 133.95 N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S.
Sucking pest population before the day of PGR spray (No. of leafhopper nymphs/3 leaves)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS 2.27 5.87 4.13 11.07 4.07 7.60 3.20 8.47 5.8
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS 2.53 5.53 3.47 10.13 4.03 6.80 3.00 7.83 5.4
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
2.20 5.73 4.27 9.53 3.97 6.90 3.24 7.63 5.4
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 2.60 5.87 3.67 13.53 4.24 8.60 3.14 9.70 6.4
Mean 2.40 5.75 3.89 11.07 4.08 7.48 3.14 8.41 5.8
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE m 0.39 0.39 0.27 0.48 0.34 0.34 0.24
CD (5%) 0.57 0.57 0.80 N.S. N.S. N.S. 1.61
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BIO2.12.Sucking pest population (No/plant ) before 3rd and 7thday of PGR spray as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Surat in Central Zone
Treatments
MI – Protected M2 – Unprotected
M1 M2 G1 G2
Me
an
(PG
R)
DHY-286 (Leafhopper-
resistant)
DCH -32 (Leafhopper-susceptible)
DHY-286 (Leafhopper-
resistant)
DCH -32 (Leafhopper-susceptible)
Sucking pest population 3rd day after PGR spray (No. of leafhopper nymphs/3 leaves)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS 1.80 5.13 3.73 7.87 3.47 5.80 2.77 6.50 4.6
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS 1.27 6.07 1.93 6.67 3.67 4.30 1.60 6.37 4.0
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
1.67 8.00 3.07 7.27 4.83 5.17 2.37 7.63 5.0
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 2.67 6.80 4.67 14.53 4.73 9.60 3.67 10.67 7.2
Mean 1.85 6.50 3.35 9.08 4.18 6.22 2.60 7.79 5.2
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE m 0.41 0.41 0.29 0.50 0.35 0.35 0.25
CD (5%) 0.59 0.59 N.S. 0.83 1.18 1.18 1.67
Sucking pest population 7th day after PGR spray (No. of leafhopper nymphs/3 leaves)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS 2.07 6.27 3.80 9.40 4.17 6.60 2.93 15.67 9.3
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS 1.60 5.60 1.93 9.20 3.60 5.57 1.77 7.40 4.6
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
1.87 5.60 2.67 10.73 3.73 6.70 2.27 8.17 5.2
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 2.27 7.27 4.47 15.20 4.77 9.83 3.37 11.23 7.3
Mean 1.95 6.18 3.22 11.13 4.07 7.18 2.58 10.62 6.6
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE m 0.50 0.50 0.36 0.62 0.44 0.44 0.31
CD (5%) 0.73 0.73 1.03 1.03 1.46 1.46 N.S.
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BIO 2.13.Secondary metabolite(tannin & polyphenols) as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Surat in Central Zone
Treatments
MI - Protected M2 - Unprotected
M1 M2 G1 G2 Mean (PGR)
DHY-286 (Leafhopper-
resistant)
DCH -32 (Leafhopper-susceptible)
DHY-286 (Leafhopper-resistant)
DCH -32 (Leafhopper-susceptible)
Secondary metabolites (Polyphenols-mg/g of tissue)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS 21.59 13.19 21.73 13.57 17.39 17.65 21.66 13.38 17.5
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS 21.96 16.26 25.34 16.64 19.11 20.99 23.65 16.45 20.1
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 16.67 25.48 17.45 21.79 21.08 19.62 17.06 23.64 20.4
Mean 18.91 18.15 20.72 16.60 18.53 18.66 19.82 17.38 18.6
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE m 0.13 0.13 0.095 0.16 0.11 0.11 0.08
CD (5%) N.S. 0.19 0.27 0.27 0.38 0.38 0.55
Secondary metabolites (tannin-g/100g of tissue)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS 8.40 10.25 25.97 5.76 9.32 15.87 17.18 16.01 16.6
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS 6.86 19.32 21.25 17.32 13.09 19.28 14.05 18.32 16.2
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
3.59 3.86 16.76 27.70 3.73 22.23 10.18 15.78 13.0
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 5.77 18.75 11.53 5.32 12.26 8.43 8.65 12.04 10.3
Mean 6.16 13.05 18.88 14.03 9.60 16.45 12.52 15.54 14.0
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE m 0.081 0.081 0.057 0.1 0.070 0.070 0.050
CD (5%) 0.112 0.112 0.15 0.15 0.22 0.22 0.31
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BIO 2. 14. Secondary metabolite (flavonoids) and antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase)as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Surat in Central Zone
Treatments
MI - Protected M2 - Unprotected
M1 M2 G1 G2 Mean (PGR)
DHY-286 (Leafhopper-
resistant)
DCH -32 (Leafhopper-susceptible)
DHY-286 (Leafhopper-
resistant)
DCH -32 (Leafhopper-susceptible)
Secondary metabolites (Flavanoid-mg/g of tissue)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS 14.17 10.29 9.87 7.83 12.23 8.85 12.02 9.06 10.5
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS 11.71 5.60 7.06 8.54 8.66 7.80 9.39 7.07 8.2
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
6.34 3.68 6.07 6.72 5.01 6.40 6.21 5.20 5.7
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 10.85 7.41 4.58 2.37 9.13 3.48 7.72 4.89 6.3
Mean 10.77 6.75 6.90 6.36 8.76 6.63 8.83 6.56 7.7
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE m 0.040 0.040 0.028 0.050 0.035 0.035 0.025
CD (5%) 0.061 0.061 0.086 0.086 0.122 0.122 0.172
Antioxidant enzymes (Superoxide dismutase-Unit/g of tissue)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS 1.49 0.83 2.06 1.52 1.16 1.79 1.78 2.35 2.1
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS 1.68 1.87 1.84 1.25 1.78 1.55 1.76 1.56 1.7
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
1.42 1.95 1.62 1.46 1.69 1.54 1.52 1.70 1.6
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 1.62 1.49 1.96 1.35 1.56 1.65 1.79 1.42 1.6
Mean 1.55 1.54 1.87 1.39 1.55 1.63 1.71 1.76 1.7
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE m 0.08 0.08 0.057 0.1 0.070 0.070 0.05
CD (5%) 0.021 0.021 0.029 0.029 0.042 0.042 0.059
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BIO2.15. Antioxidative enzymes (catalase& peroxidase) as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Surat in Central Zone
Treatments
MI - Protected M2 - Unprotected
M1 M2 G1 G2
Me
an
(PG
R)
DHY-286 (Leafhopper-
resistant)
DCH -32 (Leafhopper-susceptible)
DHY-286 (Leafhopper-
resistant)
DCH -32 (Leafhopper-susceptible)
Antioxidant enzymes (Catalase-Unit/mg of protein)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS 7.74 0.53 3.52 0.72 4.14 2.12 5.63 0.63 3.1
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS 10.23 6.45 2.96 0.35 8.34 1.65 6.59 3.40 5.0
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
2.28 5.50 1.21 1.09 3.89 1.15 1.74 3.30 2.5
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 6.11 3.03 1.47 0.75 4.57 1.11 3.79 1.89 2.8
Mean 6.59 3.88 2.29 0.73 5.23 1.51 4.44 2.30 3.4
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE m 0.070 0.070 0.05 0.086 0.06 0.061 0.043
CD (5%) 0.100 0.100 0.141 0.141 0.19 0.191 0.282
Antioxidant enzymes (Peroxidase-Unit/g of tissue)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS 7.87 6.37 0.57 3.50 7.12 2.03 4.22 9.87 7.0
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS 2.27 4.40 2.57 1.80 3.33 2.18 2.42 3.10 2.8
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
9.23 9.17 0.60 1.37 9.20 0.98 4.92 5.27 5.1
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 3.80 8.53 0.53 1.20 6.17 0.87 2.17 4.87 3.5
Mean 5.79 7.12 1.07 1.97 6.45 1.52 3.43 5.78 4.6
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE m 0.1 0.1 0.070 0.122 0.08 0.086 0.061
CD (5%) 0.147 0.147 0.207 0.207 0.29 0.293 0.415
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BIO 2.16.Oxidative stress parameters (H2O2&lipid peroxidation) as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Surat in Central Zone
Treatments
MI - Protected M2 - Unprotected
M1 M2 G1 G2 Mean (PGR)
DHY-286 (Leafhopper-
resistant)
DCH -32 (Leafhopper-susceptible)
DHY-286 (Leafhopper-
resistant)
DCH -32 (Leafhopper-susceptible)
Oxidative stress parameter (H2O2 µg /100g of tissue)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS 4.77 2.59 3.13 6.14 3.68 4.64 3.95 4.36 4.2
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS 3.32 2.49 6.45 5.11 2.90 5.78 4.88 3.80 4.3
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
4.17 3.07 6.46 5.16 3.62 5.81 5.32 4.11 4.7
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 3.41 2.57 4.05 5.12 2.99 4.58 3.73 3.84 3.8
Mean 3.92 2.68 5.02 5.38 3.30 5.20 4.47 4.03 4.3
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE m 0.040 0.040 0.028 0.05 0.035 0.035 0.025
CD (5%) 0.044 0.044 0.062 0.062 0.088 0.088 0.124
Oxidative stress parameter(Lipid Peroxidation-mg/g of tissue)
S1- NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS 0.44 0.74 0.47 0.43 0.59 0.45 0.45 1.18 0.8
S2 – MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS 0.55 0.92 0.42 1.44 0.73 0.93 0.48 1.18 0.8
S3 – NAA @ 20 ppm foliar spray at 60 DAS followed by MC @ 50 ppm foliar spray at 90 DAS
0.35 0.82 0.35 0.86 0.58 0.60 0.35 0.84 0.6
S4– Control (No PGR foliar sprays) 0.47 1.67 0.32 1.25 1.07 0.78 0.39 1.46 0.9
Mean 0.45 1.04 0.39 1.00 0.75 0.69 0.42 1.16 0.8
ANOVA M G S MxG MxS SxG MxSxG
SE m 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.086 0.061 0.061 0.043
CD (5%) 0.017 0.017 N.S. 0.025 0.035 0.035 0.049
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BIO 2.17. Protein content as influenced by genotypes under protected and unprotected condition with growth regulators at Surat in Central Zone