Criminal Justice Reform Brussels, 18 June 2013 Katarina MOTOSKOVA DEVCO B1 –Governace Democracy Human Rights and Gender EuropeAid Development and Co-operation Directorate General European Commission
Jan 04, 2016
Criminal Justice Reform
Brussels, 18 June 2013
Katarina MOTOSKOVA
DEVCO B1 –Governace Democracy Human Rights and GenderEuropeAid Development and Co-operation Directorate General
European Commission
Contents:
- a short portrait of the criminal justice: what, who, how?
- most common problems encountered
- examples from the field
What are the key functions of Justice Sector?
Overview of functions of justice sector
STABLE AND PEACEFUL SOCIETY
STABLE AND PEACEFUL SOCIETY
JUSTICE SECTOR INSTITUTIONS (FORMAL AND
TRADITIONAL)
JUSTICE SECTOR INSTITUTIONS (FORMAL AND
TRADITIONAL)
PEOPLEPEOPLE
DISPUTE RESOLUTION
DISPUTE RESOLUTION
CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND
ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAW
CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND
ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAW
PROTECTION OF CITIZEN
RIGHTS VIS-A-VIS STATE
PROTECTION OF CITIZEN
RIGHTS VIS-A-VIS STATE
ACCOUNTABILITY AND
OVERSIGHT MECHANISMS
ACCOUNTABILITY AND
OVERSIGHT MECHANISMS
RULE OF LAW
The criminal justice chain in practice: the case of Haiti
Victim (Theo)Victim (Theo)
Pre-trial detentionPre-trial
detention
Prosecutors’ investigationProsecutors’ investigation
Police investigatio
n (preliminary)
Police investigatio
n (preliminary)
Arrest of EmmanuelArrest of
Emmanuel
Crime reported at
police station
Crime reported at
police station
ImprisonmentImprisonment
Court trialCourt trial
ReparationsReparations
Access to
justice
Witness protection
Emmanuel commits
crime
Emmanuel commits
crime
Investigative Judge
Investigative Judge
Justice institutions and criminal justice
What are the key components of the Criminal Justice?
Components of the Criminal Justice System
CorrectionsLaw
enfoncementProsecution Judiciary
What are the possible entry points for the Criminal Justice Reform?
Reform of the criminal justice system
Ways to improve the efficiency of the criminal justice chain (supply side):
- Reinforce links and collaborations between the actors of the criminal chain
- Potential entry points:• Investigations capacity• SOPs (e.g. case management)• Pre-trial detention• Protection of witnesses, victims,
investigators, judges• Prison conditions and security• Enforcement of Courts decisions
What are the universal problems?
EuropeAid 12
Excessive use of Pre-Trial Detention & Prison Overcrowding
• 1. Inform public opinion
• 2. Improve access to, and co-ordination within, the criminal justice system
• 3. Invest in crime prevention and crime reduction
• 4. Divert minor cases from the criminal justice system
• 5. Reduce pre-trial detention
EuropeAid 13
Excessive use of Pre-Trial Detention & Prison Overcrowding
• 6. Develop constructive alternatives to custodial sentences
• 7. Reduce sentence lengths and ensure consistent sentencing practice
• 8. Develop special arrangements for youth offenders that keep them out of prison
• 9. Treat rather than punish mentally disordered offenders and drug addicts
• 10. Ensure the system is fair to all
EuropeAid 14
Examples from the field
• Identifying and removing pre trial remandees past their pre-trial date: Cameroon
• Mobile Courts in prisons: Kenya & Ghana• Engaging with the criminal justice stakeholders: Uganda• Using diversion, bail and fines rather than pre trail detention:
Mauritius • Alternative dispute resolution as a means to decongest the prison
system: Nigeria • Alternatives to imprisonment: Botswana• Using traditional and community courts: Sierra Leone