Crime White Paper

State of Policing in Mumbai

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WHITE PAPER

STATE OF POLICING IN MUMBAI

(April 2008 to March 2012)

December 2012

Supported by

FORD FOUNDATION


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Table of Content

Sr. No. Title Page No.

I Foreword 4

II Overall Status of the City 5

III Area-wise Status of Mumbai 18

III. 1 North Mumbai 18

III. 2 North West Mumbai 20

III. 3 North East Mumbai 22

III. 4 North Central Mumbai 24

III. 5 South Central Mumbai 26

III. 6 South Mumbai 28

Appendix 1– Survey Methodology 30

Table

1 Table 1: How secure do people feel in Mumbai 5

2 Table 2: Occurrences of Crime in Mumbai City 6

3 Table 3: Cases Investigated for the year -2011(includes cases from 12Police Zones and the Port Zone)

7

4 Table 4: Trial Cases for the year – 2011(includes 12 Police Zones and Port Zone) 9

5 Table 5: Designation wise number of Police Personnel sanctioned and working (as of July 2012)

11

6 Table 6: Designation wise number of Police Personnel difference between working forces in year 2012 to 2011

12

7 Table 7: Police Personnel details based on Areas of Mumbai (92 Police Station) 13

8 Table 8: Police Personnel details based on Department (as on 31st July 2012) 13

9 Table 9: Police Personnel details based on Supervisory level officer (as on 31st July 2012)

14

10 Table 10: Specific Crime highest occurrences area wise 15


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11 Table 11: Questions asked by MLAs on Crime issues area-wise 16

12 Table 12: Property of stolen and recovered in the year 2011 17

13 Table 13: Specific Crime highest occurrences (North Mumbai) 18

14 Table 14: Rank wise strength of Police personnel (North Mumbai) 18

15 Table 15: Questions asked by MLAs on Crime issues (North Mumbai) 19

16 Table 16: Specific Crime highest occurrences (North West Mumbai) 20

17 Table 17: Rank wise strength of Police personnel (North West Mumbai) 20

18 Table 18: Questions asked by MLAs on Crime issues (North West Mumbai) 21

19 Table 19: Specific Crime highest occurrences (Nor North East Mumbai) 22

20 Table 20: Rank wise strength of Police personnel (North East Mumbai) 22

21 Table 21: Questions asked by MLAs on Crime issues (North East Mumbai) 23

22 Table 22: Specific Crime highest occurrences (North Central Mumbai) 24

23 Table 23: Rank wise strength of Police personnel (North Central Mumbai) 24

24 Table 24: Questions asked by MLAs on Crime issues (North Central Mumbai) 25

25 Table 25: Specific Crime highest occurrences (South Central Mumbai) 26

26 Table 26: Rank wise strength of Police personnel (South Central Mumbai) 26

27 Table 27: Questions asked by MLAs on Crime issues (South Central Mumbai) 27

28 Table 28: Specific Crime highest occurrences (South Mumbai) 28

29 Table 29: Rank wise strength of Police personnel (South Mumbai) 28

30 Table 30: Questions asked by MLAs on Crime issues (South Mumbai) 29


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I. Foreword

India's police are governed by archaic and colonial police laws harking back to 1861. There has been almost 30

years of debate on policing and reform in India, with commission after commission submitting reports and

recommendations to governments. Each report has gone unimplemented. At the end of 2006, there was a

shift in the reform process, with a Supreme Court decision that required Indian governments to ensure police

accountability and the release of a draft Model Police Act by a national Police Act Drafting Committee.

Our latest White Paper on the state of crime raises several crucial issues that need to be debated and

deliberated upon to bring about significant policy changes to prevent the ever deteriorating law and order

situation in the city of Mumbai. Our papers are full of news about grisly crimes committed against senior

citizens. Well, punishment is the biggest deterrent to serious crimes. And in our democratic processes,

punishment is solely dependent upon framing of charges, investigation, trial and then conviction.

This is where the state and the police need a serious rethink. As our data shows, while law and order situation

has remained more or less at the same level for the past couple of years, investigation, solving of crime, trial

and conviction for heinous crimes still leave a lot to be desired. The general trend over the last four years is

that crime rate has more or less stabilised in the city at the current level. However, certain specific crimes

such as Rape, Molestation, Accidents and Vehicle Stolen are growing consistently. In fact road accidents have

almost doubling over the past few years.

Of the total 71,425 cases filed in Mumbai during 2011-12, 18% (a total of 12,762) cases are related to serious

offences. Of this only 45% (a total of 5,772) cases were sent for trial. The rest are pending investigation. And

those that went for trial, only 10 per cent got a conviction worth its crime. It is indeed shocking to learn that

of the (1,61,528) cases gone into trial, the acquittal rate was a shocking 83 per cent!

This clearly means that Mumbai Police needs to augment its investigative prowess. For, strong investigation

alone would send cases to trial stages; build watertight prosecution cases and higher conviction. One of the

remedial measures could be to separate investigation of crime from regular law and order duties. Let the

investigation wing in each police station not be bogged down by bandobast and nakabandi duties.

According to experts, this does not even require a legislative intervention. Even the Office of the Police

Commissioner or the Home Minister of the state has the power to introduce this much-needed change in the

policing policy of the city, and perhaps the state as well. Of course this will call for several other reforms like

better training facilities, improvement in quality of police personnel by having a higher educational

qualifications at entry level and many other reforms as directed by the Supreme Court. But most of all, this

White Paper should be a clarion call for the state to wake up and seriously consider an overhaul of its archaic

policing policies that have made over 34% of Mumbaikars feel unsafe, as our survey indicates.

NITAI MEHTA, Founder Trustee, Praja Foundation


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II. Overall Status of the City

Table 1: How secure do people feel in Mumbai

Percentage of Respondents1 who feel unsafe in Mumbai

Area 2of Mumbai How secure do the

people feel in Mumbai

How secure do the people feel about

women, children and senior citizens are in

one's locality

How secure do the people feel while

travelling from one place to another within the city

North Mumbai 32.9% 32.0% 35.5%

North West Mumbai 29.5% 36.0% 35.2%

North East Mumbai 30.1% 33.0% 34.5%

North Central Mumbai 31.3% 35.0% 37.1%

South Central Mumbai 32.4% 35.0% 35.6%

South Mumbai 29.7% 36.0% 37.9%

Inference:

As one can see that across the city the feeling of insecurity is equal. Of those surveyed overall 34% feel

unsafe.

Residents of North Mumbai, North Central Mumbai and South Central Mumbai perceive that the city as most

unsafe.

1Data based on Household survey of 15,191 respondents across the city of Mumbai. Kindly refer to appendix one for

more details on the survey methodology. 2North Mumbai includes: Borivali, Dahisar, Malad West; North West Mumbai includes: Jogeshwari, Goregaon, Andheri;

North East Mumbai includes: Mulund, Ghatkopar, Shivaji Nagar; North Central Mumbai includes: VileParle, Kurla, Bandra; South Central Mumbai includes: Chembur, Sion, Koliwada, Mahim; and South Mumbai includes: Worli, Byculla, Colaba, Malabar Hill.


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Table 2: Occurrences of Crime in Mumbai City

Inference:

The above data represent occurrence of crime in Mumbai from April 2008 to March 2012.

The general trend over the last four years is that crime rate has more or less stabilised in the city at the

current level. While, certain nature of crime such as Rape, Molestation, Accidents and Vehicle Stolen is

growing consistently and this is major concern. This also reflects in the survey when 39.4% of the

citizens perceive that they are unsafe.

3The period taken into account is a financial year e.g. April 2008 to March 2009 and so on.

4Theft including Theft by Servant/Locked Place/Theft at opens Place/Theft from motor vehicle/Vehicle Parts/Mobile

Specific Crime 2008-093 2009-10

% Increase 2008-09 to

2009-10 2010-11


2010-11 2011-12


2011-12

Murder 211 240 14% 240 0 220 -8%

Rape 193 171 -11% 180 5% 207 15%

Molestation 413 384 -7% 483 26% 552 14%

Riot 280 384 37% 385 0% 365 -5%

House Breaking (Day/Night) 2731 3047 12% 3386 11% 2813 -17%

Chain Snatching 1575 1712 9% 2134 25% 1775 -17%

Thefts4 6378 6697 5% 6495 -3% 6271 -3%

Accident/Fatal Accidents 1437 2080 45% 2583 24% 2867 11%

Vehicles Stolen 4245 4436 4% 4339 -2% 4833 11%


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Table 3: Cases Investigated for the year -2011(includes cases from 12Police Zones and the Port Zone)

Cases Investigated for the year -20115

Pending Investigation

from 2010

Cases Reported in

2011

Not investigated/

Refused

Classified final as

(Statement) B/C6

Final

reports sent

(Statement

A)

Cases sent-up in

2011(Charge sheet)

Pending Investigation as of Dec’11

Part I - I.PC. Act.

CLASS - I SERIOUS OFFENCES (Case including rioting unlawful assembly, offences relating to coin, stamps, currency etc.)

1269 1072 0 13 112 1024 1192

CLASS - II SERIOUS OFFENCES (Case including Murder, Rape, Grievous Hurt, Kidnapping, Abduction etc.)

5625 7137 0 87 656 5772 6247

CLASS - III SERIOUS OFFENCES (Case including Robbery, Killing poisoning or maiming any animal, Extortion, Dacoity etc.)

3554 3139 0 204 1400 1592 3497

CLASS - IV (Case including Hurt or endangering life, Criminal Intimidation, Wrongful restraint and confinement)

1380 1276 0 13 310 717 1616

CLASS-V MINOR OFFNCES (Case including Criminal Breach of Trust, Stolen Property, Cheating, Breaking Closed receptacle etc.)

15696 13224 0 948 6936 4969 16067 CLASS - VI OTHER OFFENCES (Public nuisance, Insult the modesty of a woman etc.)

460 430 0 1 22 398 469 OTHER I.P.C.

4365 3048 1 43 436 2401 4532 304-B and 498-A (Dowry deaths, Harassments to married women etc.)

317 361 1 2 6 319 350

PART - II Cognizable offences under local & special Laws (Arms Act., Indian Railway Act., Gambling Act., Prevention of Corruption Act. etc.)

4803 4269 1 2 42 3588 5439

Total

37469 33956 3 1313 9920 20780 39409

5 Annual Administrative Reports pertain to calendar year for the period from January to December.

6 After a FIR is registered and investigation completed either in the case a charge sheet is filled and the case is sent to the

courts for trials (Cases Sent-up) or the case is classified as Statement A (mentioned above as ‘Final Reports Sent’ meaning cases in which charge sheet was not filled but investigation completed. In colloquial police vocabulary Statement A is also known as ‘Case True but not Detected’) or the case is classified as B/C (meaning Cases declared false or mistake of fact or law).


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Note:

Statement A mentioned in the table 3 as ‘Final Reports Sent’ means cases in which charge sheet was not filled but investigation completed. In colloquial police vocabulary Statement A is also known as ‘Case True but not Detected’.

Statement B/C means cases declared false or mistake of fact or law.

Inference:

A total of 71,425 cases were investigated in the calendar year 2011.Of which investigation was completed in

32,016 cases. Of this 32,016 cases,31% of the (a total of 9,920) cases were found to be true but were not

detected; and 65% (a total 20,780) cases were sent up for trials.

While, investigation in 55% of the (a total of 39,409) cases registered in 2011 or that may have been registered

prior to 2011 is yet pending completion of investigation.

Of the total (71,425) cases, 18% (a total of 12,762) cases are related to Class II (Serious Offences).Of the above

classification of crime, Class II (Serious Offences) is the most crucial:

A total of 12,762 cases were investigated in the calendar year 2011.Of which investigation was completed on

6,515 cases in 2011.Of this 6,515 cases, 10% of the (a total of 656) cases were found to be true but were not

detected; and 87% (a total 5,772) cases were sent up for trials.

While, investigation in 49% of the (a total of 12,762) cases registered in 2011 or that may have been registered

prior to 2011 is yet pending completion of investigation i.e. in 6,247 cases.


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Table 4: Trial Cases for the year – 2011(includes 12 Police Zones and Port Zone)

Trial Cases for the year – 20117

Pending Trial from 2010

Cases sent-up in 2011

Compounded Withdrawn Acquitted Convicted Pending Trial as

of Dec’11

Part I - I.PC. Act.

CLASS - I SERIOUS OFFENCES en (Case including rioting unlawful assembly, offences relating to coin, stamps, currency etc.)

5546 1024 14 1 173 22 6360

CLASS - II SERIOUS OFFENCES (Case including Murder, Rape, Grievous Hurt, Kidnapping, Abduction etc.)

39105 5769 305 82 2553 335 41599

CLASS - III SERIOUS OFFENCES (Case including Robbery, Killing poisoning or maiming any animal, Extortion, Dacoity etc.)

8657 1585 7 13 412 262 9548

CLASS - IV (Case including Hurt or endangering life, Criminal Intimidation, Wrongful restraint and confinement)

6540 715 23 22 719 40 6451

CLASS-V MINOR OFFNCES (Case including Criminal Breach of Trust, Stolen Property, Cheating, Breaking Closed receptacle etc.)

28940 4959 61 33 1145 662 31998 CLASS - VI OTHER OFFENCES (Public nuisance, Insult the modesty of a woman etc.)

1477 398 7 55 71 36 1706 OTHER I.P.C.

21750 2405 319 30 1701 210 21895 304-B and 498-A (Dowry deaths, Harassments to married women etc.)

2081 319 31 3 218 8 2140

PART - II Cognizable offences under local & special Laws (Arms Act., Indian Railway Act., Gambling Act., Prevention of Corruption Act. etc.)

26707 3551 108 396 1712 507 27535

Total

140803 20725 875 635 8704 2082 149232

7Annual Administrative Reports pertain to calendar year for the period of January to December 2011.


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Inference:

A total of 161,528 cases were tried in the courts in the calendar year 2011. Of which trial was completed in 8%

(a total of 12,296) cases and judgement was given. Of this 12,296 cases in which judgement was given,17% of

the (a total of 2,082) cases were convicted (here the judgement for the case is considered and not for

individual persons who are accused e.g. if there are three accused in the particular case and only one gets

convicted then the entire case is treated as convicted, only when all three are acquitted then only the case is

considered as acquitted for the above statistics); while the rest i.e. 83% (a total of 10,214) cases were

acquitted.

While, 92% of the (a total of 1,49,232) cases sent for trials in 2011 or prior to 2011 are yet pending

judgements.

Of the total (161,528) cases, 28% (a total of 44,874) cases are related to Class II (Serious Offences).Of the

above classification of crime, Class II (Serious Offences) is the most crucial:

A total of 44,874 cases were tried in the courts in the calendar year 2011.Of which trial was completed in 7%

(a total of 3,275) cases and judgement was given. Of this3,275 cases in which judgement was given, only 10%

of the (a total of 335) cases were convicted; while the rest i.e. 90%(a total of 3,275) cases were acquitted.

While, 93% of the (a total of 41,599) cases sent for trials in 2011 or prior to 2011 are yet pending judgements.


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Table 5: Designation wise number of Police Personnel sanctioned and working (as of July 2012)

Sr. No.

Designation Sanctioned Working

Actual Difference

b/w sanctioned

and working

Difference b/w

sanctioned and working

in %

1 Commissioner of Police (C.P.) 1 1 0 0

2 Joint Commissioner of Police (Jt. C.P.) 4 4 0 0

3 Additional Commissioner of Police (Addl. C.P.) 11 11 0 0

4 Deputy Commissioner of Police (D.C.P.) 39 30 -9 -23%

5 Assistant Commissioner of Police (A.C.P.) 130 95 -35 -27%

6 Police Inspector (P.I.) 978 911 -67 -7%

7 Assistant Police Inspector (A.P.I.) 1002 787 -215 -21%

8 Police Sub - Inspector (P.S.I.) 3125 1243 -1882 -60%

9 Assistant Police Sub-Inspector (A.S.I) 3001 2675 -326 -11%

10 Head Constable (H.C.) 7067 6874 -193 -3%

11 Police Naik (P.N.) 6809 6721 -88 -1%

12 Police Constable (P.C.) 19234 14646 -4588 -24%

Total Police Force 41401 33998 -7403 -18%

Inferences:

The above data represents designation-wise number of police personnel sanctioned, (actually) working and

difference between sanction and working.

What is most alarming is the gap in the number of sanctioned & working Police Sub - Inspector (PSI) and

sanctioned & working Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP).The gap for PSI is 60%, while for ACP is 27%.


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Table 6: Designation wise number of Police Personnel difference between working forces in year 2012 to 2011

Sr. No. Designation Sanctioned Working in 2012

Working in 2011

Difference between working forces in

2012 & 2011

1 Commissioner of Police (C.P.) 1 1 1 0

2 Joint Commissioner of Police (Jt. C.P.) 4 4 4 0

3 Additional Commissioner of Police (Addl. C.P.)

11 11 10 1

4 Deputy Commissioner of Police (D.C.P.) 39 30 33 -3

5 Assistant Commissioner of Police (A.C.P.)

130 95 120 -25

6 Police Inspector (P.I.) 978 911 928 -17

7 Assistant Police Inspector (A.P.I.) 1002 787 674 113

8 Police Sub - Inspector (P.S.I.) 3125 1243 1491 -248

9 Assistant Police Sub-Inspector (A.S.I) 3001 2675 2726 -51

10 Head Constable (H.C.) 7067 6874 6626 248

11 Police Naik (P.N.) 6809 6721 6720 1

12 Police Constable (P.C.) 19234 14646 14083 563

Total Police Force 41401 33998 33416 582

Inferences:

The data shows that currently Mumbai has sanctioned 41,401 police personnel however only 33,998 police

personnel are working (difference of 7,403), a gap of 18%.

The number of PSIs available in 2011 has decreased from 1491 to 1243 in 2012, a decrease of 248 officers;

while at the API level there is an increase of 113 officers; at the constabulary level, the number of police

constables has increased by 563 officers; also the Head Constable count has increased by 248 officers. Overall

there is an increase in the police force of 582 officers.

It may be inferred from the above data that although there seems to be an increase of 582 officers, the high

shortfall remains and particularly at the more critical PSI level. The increases or decreases internally at the

designation level suggest that promotions which may have been not given earlier were approved and given in

the above period (in 2012).


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Table 7: Police Personnel details based on Areas of Mumbai (92 Police Station)

Table 8: Police Personnel details based on Department (as on 31st July 2012)

Sr. No.

Department Police

Personnel Sanctioned

Police Personnel Working (July ’12)

Difference between

Sanctioned and

Working (July ’12)

% difference between

Sanctioned and

Working (July ’12)

Difference between

Sanctioned and

Working (Nov’11)


Sanctioned and

Working (Nov’11)

1 Special Branch (I - CID) 952 814 -138 -14% -108 -11%

2 Special Branch (II - Passport)

320 295 -25 -8% -117 -37%

3 Crime Branch 1525 1253 -272 -18% -256 -17%

4 Protection and Security 1478 1442 -36 -2% -55 -4%

5 Armed Police 11308 8251 -3057 -27% -2634 -23%

6 Anti-Terrorist Squad 171 186 15 9% 25 15%

7 Wireless Section 447 346 -101 -23% -93 -21%

8 Traffic 3353 3101 -252 -8% -1633 -49%

9 Control Room 272 127 -145 -53% -132 -49%

Total 19826 15815 -4011 -20% -5003 -25%

Sr. No.

Area of Mumbai

No. of Police

Station

Police Personnel

Sanctioned

Police Personnel Working (July’12)

Difference between

Sanctioned and

Working (July’12)


Sanctioned and

Working (July’12)

Difference between

Sanctioned and

Working (Nov’11)


Sanctioned and

Working (Nov’11)

1 North Mumbai 13 2793 2472 -321 -11% -198 -7%

2 North West Mumbai

14 2988 2540 -448 -15% -230 -8%

3 North East Mumbai

11 2431 2213 -218 -9% -139 -6%

4 North Central Mumbai

13 2905 2436 -469 -16% -436 -15%

5 South Central Mumbai

15 3249 3029 -220 -7% -312 -10%

6 South Mumbai 26 7024 5352 -1672 -24% -1650 -23%

Total 92 21390 18042 -3348 -16% -2965 -14%


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Table 9: Police Personnel details based on Supervisory level officer (as on 31st July 2012)

Supervisory level officer

Police Personnel

Sanctioned

Police Personnel Working (July’12)

Difference between

Sanctioned and Working

(July’12)


Sanctioned and Working

(July’12)

Difference between

Sanctioned and

Working (Nov’11)


Sanctioned and

Working (Nov’11)

C.P., Jt. C.P., Addl. C.P., D.C.P. and A.C.P.

185 141 -44 -24% -17 -9%

Inferences:

The above data represent details of Police personnel within different areas of Mumbai in the police stations

situated over there, at various Departments of Police and composition of the Supervisory Level Officers. The

data includes number of police personnel sanctioned, (actually) working and the difference between

sanctioned and working.

We have a shortage of 3348 officers in the 92 police stations (excluding the cyber police station), a gap of 16%.

Control Room is short by 145 officers (again a gap of 53%) and the police force in the Armed Police is short

staffed by 3057 officers (gap of 27%).

The shortage in the Traffic Police has come down from 49% in 2011 to 8% in 2012 – this is a welcome step as

this can have significant impact on the increasing number of accidents in the city. However, the shortage in the

Control Room is still very high at 49%, this department is particularly critical as the emergency number (100) is

handled by officers in this department. Also the increase in shortage at the supervisory level officers to 24%,

mainly because of decrease in the number of ACPs (please refer tables 5 & 6), is not a good sign.


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Table 10: Specific Crime highest occurrences area wise

Inferences:

The above data represents year-wise highest occurrences of specific crime in a particular area of Mumbai from

April 2008 to March 2012.

The registered Rape, House Breaking, Accident and Vehicles Stolen cases have been the highest in North

Central Mumbai region; while, Murder, Riot and Chain Snatching is highest by South Central Mumbai in the

year 2011-12.

Overall, North Central Mumbai has highest occurrences of crime in the year 2011-12 (6,736 cases).

It can be observed that across the years and across the specific crimes mentioned in the above table, North

Central Mumbai has had the highest number of registered crime.

8SM – South Mumbai (Worli, Byculla,Colaba, Malabar Hill), SCM – South Central Mumbai (Chembur, SionKoliwada,

Mahim), NCM – North Central Mumbai (Vile Parle,Kurla,Bandra)NWM – North West Mumbai (Jogeshwari, Goregaon, Andheri),NM – North Mumbai (Borivali, Dahisar, Malad West), NEM – North East Mumbai (Mulund, Ghatkopar, Shivaji Nagar)

Crime 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

Area8 of Mumbai

Occurrence

Area of Mumbai

Occurrence

Area of Mumbai

Occurrence

Area of Mumbai

Occurrence

Murder SM 43 SM 47 SCM 60 SCM 45

Rape NCM 43 SCM 33 SM 40 NCM 41

Riot NCM 72 NCM 77 NCM 85 SCM, SM 73

House Breaking (Day/Night)

NCM 552 NCM 618 NCM 694 NCM 565

Chain Snatching NM 388 NCM 387 NCM 526 SCM 399

Thefts SM 1,491 SM 1441 NWM 1359 SM 1398

Accident / Fatal Accident

NCM 333 NCM 543 NCM 654 NCM 567

Vehicles Stolen NCM 914 NCM 944 NCM 900 NCM 991


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Table 11: Questions asked by MLAs on Crime issues area-wise

Sr.No. Area of Mumbai No. of Police

Stations MLAs

Total questions asked in

Crime

Total occurrence of

crime from April 2011 to March 2012

1 North Mumbai 13

Gopal Shetty, Vinod Ghosalkar, Pravin Darekar, Ramesh Thakur, Yogesh Sagar, Aslam Shaikh

349 4803

2 North West Mumbai 14 Ravindra Waikar, Rajhans Singh, Subhash Desai, Baldev Khosa, Ashok Jadhav

239 5325

3 North East Mumbai 11

Sardar Tara Singh, Mangesh Sangle, Shishir Shinde, Ramchandra Kadam, Prakash Maheta, Abu Azmi

440 4310

4 North Central Mumbai 13

Krishnakumar Hegde, Milind Kamble, Prakash Sawant, Baba Sidikki, Kripashankar Singh

65 6736

5 South Central Mumbai 15

Nawab Malik, Chandrakant Handore, Jagannath Shetty, Kalidas Kolambkar, Nitin Sardesai

93 5788

6 South Mumbai 26

Bala Nandgaonkar, Madhukar Chavan, Mangal Prabhat Lodha, Amin Patel, Annie Shekhar

329 6368

Note: 1) Questions Asked by MLAs only during the following sessions have been included: Monsoon 2011, Winter 2011 and Budget 2012

2) Sachin Ahir, Varsha Gaikwad, Arif Naseem Khan and Suresh Shetty are ministers hence there are no questions asked by them

Inferences:

The above data represents questions asked by MLAs on crime and police personnel/infrastructure.

North Central Mumbai has highest occurrences of crime (6,736 cases); while the MLAs representing this

area have asked the lowest no. of (65) questions on crime from April 2011 to March 2012.

MLAs from North East Mumbai have asked the highest no. of questions (440) and occurrences of crime in

these areas also the lowest (4,310cases) from April 2011 to March 2012.


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Table 12: Property recovered and stolen in the year 2011

Sr. No.

Offences

No. of cases in which

property was stolen

No. of Cases in which Property

was recovered

% of cases in which Property

was recovered to cases in

which Property

was stolen

Amount of Property

Stolen (in Lakh)

Amount of Property

recovered (in Lakh)

% of value of property recovered to value of property

stolen

1 Theft 15,745 5,338 34% 26,608 6,056 23%

2 Dacoity 30 26 87% 256 107 42%

Robbery 441 358 81% 919 361 39%

3 Criminal Breach of Trust

485 218 45% 23,848 1,281 5%

4

Criminal Breach of Trust by public servant or by a banker, merchant or agent

4 2 50% 53 0 0

5 Possession of stolen property 124 - XXII -1951

23 23 100% 10 10 100%

6 Criminal Miss-appropriation

975 344 35% 21,258 300 1%

TOTAL 17,703 6,309 36% 72,952 8,115 11%

Inference:

The above table shows the details of property that was stolen and recovered according to the nature of crime

i.e. by theft, dacoity, etc. This is the first time that Praja has collected this data and we intend to track it every

year to understand the trend particularly in recovery of the property. One of the trends that emerge from the

above table is of the ‘Criminal Breach of Trust’ and ‘Criminal Miss- appropriation’ includes 62% of the total

value of the property stolen and has the least recovery rate i.e. 5% and 1% respectively.


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III. Area-wise Status of Mumbai

III. 1.North Mumbai

Table 13: Specific Crime highest occurrences (North Mumbai)

Specific Crime 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012

Murder 32 38 31 39

Rape 28 26 27 37

Riot 38 43 40 38

House Breaking (Day/Night) 377 414 446 406

Chain Snatching 388 299 316 282

Vehicles Stolen 662 657 553 777

Inferences:

There is a continuous increase throughout and is more alarming in cases of Murder (39), Rape (37) and

Vehicles Stolen (777) in year April 2011 to March 2012.

Table 14: Rank wise strength of Police personnel (North Mumbai)

Sr. No. Rank Sanctioned Working Actual

Difference Difference

in %

1 Police Inspector (P.I.) 65 65 0 0%




5 Head Constable (H.C.) 520 540 20 4%

6 Police Naik (P.N.) 569 613 44 8%


Total 2793 2472 -321 -11%

Inferences:

The data shows that Police Sub - Inspector (PSI) strength is short by 130 officers (gap of 52%) and the police

force in the Assistant Police Sub-Inspector (ASI) is short staffed by 52 officers (gap of 22%).


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Table 15: Questions asked by MLAs on Crime issues (North Mumbai)

Sr. No.

Question asked on crime issues

GopalShetty

Vinod Ghosalkar

Pravin Darekar

Ramesh Thakur

Yogesh Sagar

Aslam Shaikh Total

1 Murder 6 9 4 1 1 21

2 Rape 0

3 Rioting 3 2

5

4 House Breaking 0

5 Chain Snatching 1 2

3

6 Theft 1 1

7 Accident 6 8 5 3 2 24

8 Crime Against Child 2 1 6 3 2 2 16

9 Crime Against Women 4 4 6 2 4

20

10 Scams/Corruption 1 3 5 1 1 2 13

11 Terrorism related 2 3 5 1 5

16

12 Drugs 1 6 1

8

13 Extortion/Kidnapping/Threat 1 1 2

14 Human Rights 1 1

15 Suicide 0

16 Wrong Conduct/Action by Police 8 3 2 13

17 Other Crime related 21 44 50 13 25 11 164

18 Police and Establishment 5 12 15 2 4 4 42

Total 35 92 117 34 49 22 349

Inferences:

The above table shows that total question asked in North Mumbai region by the 6 MLAs on the issues of Crime

is 349 in last three sessions (Monsoon’11, Winter’11 and Budget’12). The maximum question asked is by

Pravin Darekar that is 117.The issue raised most is ‘Police and Establishment’; 42 questions were asked on it.

We can see that Accident, Murder and Crime against Women are few major concern of the North Mumbai

region MLAs.

Not a single question was asked on Chain snatching, Rape, House Breaking and Suicide by the MLAs.


20

III. 2. North West Mumbai

Table 16: Specific Crime highest occurrences (North West Mumbai)

Specific Crime 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012

Murder 30 35 30 28

Rape 27 32 35 31

Riot 34 49 82 43




Table 17: Rank wise strength of Police personnel (North West Mumbai)



in %






6 Police Naik (P.N.) 608 600 -8 -1%


Total 2988 2540 -448 -15%

Inferences:


force in the Police Constable (PC) is short staffed by 288 officers (gap of 25%).


21

Table 18: Questions asked by MLAs on Crime issues (North West Mumbai)

Sr. No. Question asked on crime issues

Ravindra Waikar

Rajhans Singh

Subhash Desai

Baldev Khosa

Ashok Jadhav Total

1 Murder 4 7 11

2 Rape 0

3 Rioting 3 3 6

4 House Breaking 0


6 Theft 1 1

7 Accident 6 8 1 15

8 Crime Against Child 1 1 2


10 Scams/Corruption 4 1 3 8

11 Terrorism related 5 5 10

12 Drugs 2 1 3

13 Extortion/Kidnapping/Threat 1 1

14 Human Rights 0

15 Suicide 1 1


17 Other Crime related 56 6 49 4 115

18 Police and Establishment 19 16 2 37

Total 115 7 104 0 13 239

Inferences:

The Above table shows that total question asked in North West Mumbai region by the 5 MLAs on the issues of

Crime is 239 in last three sessions (Monsoon’11, Winter’11 and Budget’12).Baldev Khosa has not asked a

single question on crime issue in the last three sessions. The maximum question asked is by Ravindra Waikar

that is 115. The issue raised most is ‘Police and Establishment’; 37 questions were asked on it. We can see that

Accident, Crime against Women and Wrong Conduct/Action by Police are few major concern of the North

West Mumbai region MLAs.


22

III. 3. North East Mumbai

Table 19: Specific Crime highest occurrences (North East Mumbai)

Specific Crime 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012

Murder 28 36 43 29

Rape 27 20 25 22

Riot 41 76 67 69




Table 20: Rank wise strength of Police personnel (North East Mumbai)



in %

1 Police Inspector (P.I.) 55 54 -1 -2%





6 Police Naik (P.N.) 490 492 2 0%


Total 2431 2213 -218 -9%

Inferences:




23

Table 21: Questions asked by MLAs on Crime issues (North East Mumbai)

Sr. No.


Sardar Tara Singh

Mangesh Sangle

ShishirShinde

Ramchandra Kadam

PrakashMaheta

Abu Azmi Total

1 Murder 3 10 5 7 25

2 Rape 0

3 Rioting 2 2 2 6

4 House Breaking 1 1 1 3

5 Chain Snatching 1 1 1 3

6 Theft 2 2

7 Accident 5 15 7 7 34

8 Crime Against Child 2 6 2 4 1 15

9 Crime Against Women 7 10 3 8 1 29

10 Scams/Corruption 1 23 4 3 1 32

11 Terrorism related 8 8 3 2 1 1 23

12 Drugs 3 5 3 2 13

13 Extortion/Kidnapping/Threat 1 2 3

14 Human Rights 1 1

15 Suicide 1 1 2

16 Wrong Conduct/Action by Police 2 4 3 4 2 15

17 Other Crime related 26 72 31 35 11 8 183

18 Police and Establishment 4 23 11 11 2 51

Total 63 182 80 87 14 14 440

Inferences:

The Above table shows that total question asked in North East Mumbai region by the 6 MLAs on the issues of

Crime is 440 in last three sessions (Monsoon’11, Winter’11 and Budget’12). The maximum question asked is

by Mangesh Sangle that is 182. The issue raised most is ‘Police and Establishment’; 51 questions were asked

on it. We can see that Accident, Scams/Corruption and Crime against Women are few major concerns of the

North East Region MLAs.


24

III. 4. North Central Mumbai

Table 22: Specific Crime highest occurrences (North Central Mumbai)

Specific Crime 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012

Murder 38 38 44 39

Rape 43 32 28 41

Riot 72 77 85 69




Table 23: Rank wise strength of Police personnel (North Central Mumbai)



in %

1 Police Inspector (P.I.) 65 65 0 0





6 Police Naik (P.N.) 589 515 -74 -13%


Total 2905 2436 -469 -16%

Inferences:




25

Table 24: Questions asked by MLAs on Crime issues (North Central Mumbai)

Sr. No. Question asked on crime issues

Krishnakumar Hegde

Milind Kamble

PrakashSawant

Baba Sidikki

Kripashankar Singh Total

1 Murder 1 1 2

2 Rape 0

3 Rioting 1 1

4 House Breaking 0


6 Theft 0

7 Accident 2 3 1 6

8 Crime Against Child 2 2

9 Crime Against Women 2 3 5


11 Terrorism related 1 1

12 Drugs 1 1

13 Extortion/Kidnapping/Threat 0

14 Human Rights 0

15 Suicide 0

16 Wrong Conduct/Action by Police 2 2

17 Other Crime related 3 22 2 27

18 Police and Establishment 1 10 2 1 14

Total 10 0 47 6 2 65

Inferences:

The Above table shows that total question asked in North Central Mumbai region by the 5 MLAs on the issues

of Crime is 65 in last three sessions (Monsoon’11, Winter’11 and Budget’12). Milind Kamble has not asked a

single question and Kripashankar Singh has asked only two questions on crime issue in the last three sessions.

The maximum question asked is by Prakash Sawant that is 47. The issue raised most is ‘Police and

Establishment’; 14 questions were asked on it.

By far it can be said with even a cursory look at the crime data, that North Central Mumbai is the hotbed of

criminal activities with the maximum cases of crime in the year 2011-12 (6,736 cases) and MLAs of this region

have asked lowest (65) questions on crime issues from April 2011 to March 2012.

Rape, House Breaking, Accident and Vehicles Stolen cases have been the highest registered in North Central Mumbai region and MLAs from this region have not asked a single question on Rape, House Breaking and Vehicles Stolen in the last three sessions.


26

III. 5. South Central Mumbai

Table 25: Specific Crime highest occurrences (South Central Mumbai)

Specific Crime 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012

Murder 40 46 60 45

Rape 35 33 25 37

Riot 34 65 58 73




Inferences:

There is a continuous increase throughout and is more alarming in cases of Riot (73) and Vehicles Stolen (791)

in year April 2011 to March 2012.

Table 26: Rank wise strength of Police personnel (South Central Mumbai)



in %

1 Police Inspector (P.I.) 75 75 0 0





6 Police Naik (P.N.) 707 620 -87 -12%


Total 3249 3029 -220 -7%

Inferences:


force in the Assistant Police Inspector (API) is short staffed by 41 officers (gap of 38%).


27

Table 27: Questions asked by MLAs on Crime issues (South Central Mumbai)

Sr. no.


Nawab Malik

ChandrakantHandore

JagannathShetty

Kalidas Kolambkar

Nitin Sardesai Total

1 Murder 1 1 4 6

2 Rape 0

3 Rioting 1 1

4 House Breaking 0

5 Chain Snatching 1 2 3

6 Theft 0

7 Accident 1 3 5 9

8 Crime Against Child 1 2 1 2 6

9 Crime Against Women 1 2 2 5


11 Terrorism related 2 2

12 Drugs 0


14 Human Rights 1 1

15 Suicide 1 1

16 Wrong Conduct/Action by Police 0

17 Other Crime related 10 4 22 36

18 Police and Establishment 4 2 12 18

Total 1 1 21 15 55 93

Inferences:

The Above table shows that total question asked in South Central Mumbai region by the 5 MLAs on the issues

of Crime is 93 in last three sessions (Monsoon’11, Winter’11 and Budget’12). Nawab Malik and Chandrakant

Handore have asked only one question on crime issue in the last three sessions. The maximum question asked

is by Nitin Sardesai that is 55.The issue raised most is ‘Police and Establishment’; 18 questions were asked on

it.


28

III. 6. South Mumbai

Table 28: Specific Crime highest occurrences (South Mumbai)

Specific Crime 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012

Murder 43 47 32 40

Rape 33 28 40 39

Riot 61 74 53 73




Inferences:

There is a continuous increase throughout and is more alarming in cases of Murder (40), Riot (73), Chain

Snatching (307) and Vehicles Stolen (950) in year April 2011 to March 2012.

Table 29: Rank wise strength of Police personnel (South Mumbai)



in %






6 Police Naik (P.N.) 1499 1073 -426 -28%


Total 7024 5352 -1672 -24%

Inferences:


force in the Assistant Police Inspector (API) is short staffed by 56 officers (gap of 32%).


29

Table 30: Questions asked by MLAs on Crime issues (South Mumbai)

Sr. no. Question asked on crime issues

Bala Nandgaonkar

MadhukarChavan

Mangal Prabhat Lodha

Amin Patel

Annie Shekhar Total

1 Murder 9 1 3 3 16

2 Rape 1 1 2

3 Rioting 2 2

4 House Breaking 1 1

5 Chain Snatching 1 1 1 3

6 Theft 3 1 4

7 Accident 15 3 4 4 26

8 Crime Against Child 9 3 4 16


10 Scams/Corruption 24 4 28

11 Terrorism related 10 8 18

12 Drugs 6 2 8


14 Human Rights 0

15 Suicide 2 2


17 Other Crime related 83 9 16 16 2 126

18 Police and Establishment 27 2 5 8 2 44

Total 210 24 44 47 4 329

Inferences:

The Above table shows that total question asked in South Mumbai region by the 5 MLAs on the issues of

Crime is 329 in last three sessions (Monsoon’11, Winter’11 and Budget’12). The maximum question asked is

by Bala Nandgaonkar that is 210. The issue raised most is ‘Police and Establishment’, 44 questions were asked

on it. We can see that Accident, Scams/Corruption and Crime against women are few major concerns of the

South Mumbai Region MLAs.

South Mumbai has Second highest occurrences of crime (6,368 cases). MLAs of this region have asked (329)

questions on crime from April 2011 to March 2012. While there have been highest 1398 cases of theft and Riot

73 cases registered in this region during 2011-12.


30

Appendix 1– Survey Methodology

Praja Foundation had commissioned the household survey to Hansa Research and the survey methodology

followed is as below:

In order to meet the desired objectives of the study, we represented the city by covering a sample from

each of its 227 wards. Target Group for the study was :

Both Males & Females

18 years and above

Belonging to that particular ward.

Sample quotas were set for representing gender and age groups on the basis of their split available

through Indian Readership Study (Large scale baseline study conducted nationally by Media Research

Users Council (MRUC) & Hansa Research group) for Mumbai Municipal Corporation Region.

The required information was collected through face to face interviews with the help of structured

questionnaire.

In order to meet the respondent within a ward, following sampling process was followed:

4 – 5 prominent areas in the ward were identified as the starting point

In each starting point about 12 – 15 individuals were selected randomly and the questionnaire was

administered with them.

Once the survey was completed, sample composition of age & gender was corrected to match the

population profile using the baseline data from IRS. This helped us to make the survey findings more

representatives in nature and ensured complete coverage.

The total study sample was 15,191.

Crime White Paper

Documents

mumbai police

mumbai table of content

crime issues north mumbai

occurrences of crime

crime issues south mumbai

state of crime

investigation of crime

mumbai city