1 CRI: Universal Wireless Open Research KIT (WORKIT) Henning Schulzrinne Scott Miller, Milind Buddhikot Columbia University Lucent Bell Laboratories Tom La Porta Elizabeth Belding-Royer Penn State University University of California, Santa Barbara
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CRI: Universal Wireless Open Research KIT (WORKIT)
Henning Schulzrinne Scott Miller, Milind BuddhikotColumbia University Lucent Bell Laboratories
Tom La Porta Elizabeth Belding-RoyerPenn State University University of California, Santa Barbara
26/23/06
Outline
Genesis of WORKIT and our Goals
WORKIT details• Four main modules• Module capabilities• Baseline kit to be released Sept 2006
Current status and ongoing planned second year activity• Students involved, website, dissemination plans
Additional directions• Inclusion in test-beds and additional dissemination
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Roaming or evenSeamless Handoffin Multiple Networks
One bill fromOne provider
Uninterrupted Applications:Streaming, Email, Corporate VPN, WebSensor data, commands
SubscriberServices
Evolving Integrated Public Wireless Network
HandoffPossibilities Intertech
HandoffIntratechHandoff
IntertechHandoff
WirelessAccessNetworks
2.5G/3GAccess of C
802.16Access of DWiFi
Access of BWiFi
Access of A
NetworkOwners
CorporateNetwork
E
VPN
Roamingagreement
Roamingagreement
Wireless ISPA
Wireless ISP B
Cellular CarrierC
802.16provider
D
Roamingagreement
Internet
TerminalPossibilities
PDA w/ WiFi & 3G
3G card
Laptop withBuilt-in WiFi
Smart Sensors w/Radio Links
Laptop3G card
WiFi card
Laptop withBuilt-in WiFi & 3G
Laptop withSoftware Defined
Radio (SDR)
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Key Observations
Emergence of an integrated, seamless wireless world creates plethora of significant new research problems
Requires systems research that does faithful construction of end-to-end behavior• Daunting due to cross-layer interactions, complexity and scale of
the problems• Realistic systems require components at various layers
Large scale systems research is “an exception than a norm”• Intellectual contributions via analytical and simulation tools
Why?
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Major Impediment
NSF Wireless Network Workshop (Sept, 2003, Chicago)““There is a critical need for provisions and
procedures for procuring community tools for wireless networking. This would allow significant infrastructure for experimental research to be developed and to be reused by a wider academic community”.
“Remove the non-academic burden from the university research groups and allow a significant number of software tools to be reused by the community”.
Serious lack of experimental wireless tools and platforms available to the research community
WORKIT addresses this problem
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Universal Wireless Open Research KIT (WORKIT)
Create a software intensive toolkit that works “out-of-the-box” and provides advanced functionality in the areas of
• Integration of heterogeneous wide area cellular and 802.11 WLAN networks
• Mesh networking• VOIP, Multimedia-over-IP SIP infrastructure• Transient, mobile hotspots with group mobility and aggregation
support
Use Bell Labs supplied base kit as starting point• Based on highly successful Integration of Two Access Technologies
(WORKIT) project
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Module I: Integrated Wide Area Cellular and WLANs(Bell Labs)
Seamless roaming between 802.11 WLANsand 3G Wireless for multi-radio client devicesMobile, portable hotspotsComponents• Unified Multi-interface
mobility client software• Backend server called
Home Server• Integration gateway• Mobile gateway
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WORKIT Integration/Mobile Gateway
Combines 802.11 access point, public access gateway, 3G Backhaul, and optional wireline backhaul
• Simple power-on installation, web based configurationSimultaneous support for MobileIP and SimpleIP modes of operationMulti-layer (Layer 2,3,4,7) Authentication & Packet FilteringDynamic rate limiting Class-based QOS and fairness IP & Web Services:
• Dynamic packet filter/firewall, HTTP redirection, DNS redirection/DNS proxy, NAT, DHCP, Local Portal
QoS DHCP NAT
IP services
802.11Security Radius
Security/Accounting
MIPForeignAgent
PPPManagement
Mobility
WebAdmin
WebServer
Web Services
LocalPortal
Integrated802.11AccessPoint
IntegratedEV-DO
Backhaul(also works with1xRTT, UMTS,
GPRS & ethernet)
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WORKIT Mobile Gateway (Contd.)
Built on Linux operating systemPicture shown with EV-DO and 802.11b cardsInterchangeable wireless interface capability with PC card slots• EV-DO, 1xRTT, UMTS, GPRS, 802.11b/g/a
Works also with ethernet wireline backhaul
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Seamless roaming across networks using different air interfaces• intra- and inter- technology handoffs using MobileIP
Management of multiple physical interfaces (802.11, 3G/PPP, Ethernet)Automated network (“stove-pipe”) selection algorithm • Based on priority, signal strength, and preferred network list• No end-user interaction necessary
Mobile VPN capability: IPSec over MobileIP
WORKIT Multi-interface Unified Mobility Client Software
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WORKIT Unified Mobility Client Software Architecture for WinXP/2000
Software runs on Windows 2000/XP operating systemApproximately 45,000 lines of code, 13,000 of which are Windows NDIS kernel networking codeLinux version will be developed
New code developed,Specifically for3G-802.11 integration
VPN/IPSec integration(e.g. Lucent IPSecClient)
Interaction withExisting WindowsOS modules
TCP/IP Protocol Stack
Virtual MobileIPAdaptor
VPN/IPSecControl
OS
PPP Support
Graphical User Interface & Monitoring
Ethernet
MobileIP State Machine
Interface Abstraction Layer/API
Network Detection
Network Selection
MobileNAT Client
802.11 PPPCDMA2000
Sierra 3G1xRTT
VPN/IPSec Client Driver
Multi-interface Mobility Client Driver
EthernetInterface
802.11Interface
PPP Interface
IS-835 Shim
Serial Driver
AT Com
mand Set
User Level
OS K
ernel Level
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WORKIT Home Server
Home Server consists of• Scalable Mobile IP Home Agent (HA) with all recent MIP RFC and
3GPP2 options support• VitalAAA Radius server, Lucent product (ranked #1 in Network
Magazine survey)Scalable, highly configurable with its own policy languageBinary with Academic use license. No source code for this will be available!
• A simple web based management, user profile creation and management service
Runs on a Linux blade server or workstation
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Baseline Kit (Release Sept 1, 2006)
Baseline Kit containsMature components• MobileWORKIT Gateway • Multi-interface Windows mobility client
softwareEarly versions• Beta version of WORKIT Backend Mobility
Server Server• WORKIT Mesh module
Misc• 802.11 a/b/g, 3G Cards?• Kit documentation
Complete source code for Baseline kit (non-commercial license)
Essential components for wireless systems research made availablein one documented kit
+
WORKIT/MobileWORKITGateway SOFTWARE
3G, 802.11a/b/g Cards
+
+Misc Cables
+
WORKIT Home Network Server
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Module II: Infrastructure Mesh Networking Module(UCSB, Bell Labs)
• Management• Monitoring
Centralized Management &Monitoring
3G EV-DO
802.11Mesh
Gateway
WiredEthernet
Internet
Gold (High Capacity path)Silver (Medium capacity, low delay)Bronze (Best effort)
VOIP, SIP Multimedia
Traffic
WebTraffic
WORKITMultiradio
Relay
WORKITMultiradio
Relay
WORKITMultiradio
Relay
WORKITMultiradio
Relay
WORKITMultiradio
Relay
WORKITMultiradio
Relay
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Module II: Mesh module (contd)
Support for following be well tested and documented
• Optimized mesh routing using AODV-Spanning Tree (AODV-ST) with routing metric support
For two radio relays (i.e one relay and one access)
• Simple auto-configurationVia gateway advertisements and AODV-ST
• Mesh monitoring toolset
• Simple mobility support
Additional capabilities that will be “available as is”• Multi-radio frequency assignment• Multi-interface, multi-channel routing
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Module III: High Capacity Mobile Gateway, Group Mobility (Penn State)
Support for multiple simultaneous backhaul cards• Multiple providers for same
technologySprint, Verizon EV-DO
• Multiple cards of different technology
• Cingular 14.4 Mbps HSDPA and Verizon EV-DO
Operate in Simple IP mode• Connection lost if layer-3 breaks
Automated monitoring and reactivationSimple user assignment to inteffaces for traffic distribution
Verizon1xEV-DO
Mobile WORKIT Gateway
Verizon1xRTT NextTel
UMTS
WINSTAR802.16
MN1 MNn
IP1
IP5
IP3IP2
Internet
AT&TUMTS
A1AN
IP4
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Modile III: High Capacity Mobile Gateway (contd.)
Mobile IP support on the backhaul interfaces using Linux MIP client from baseline kit• When gateway moves,
access side TCP connections not lost!
Seamless, high bandwidth internet backhaul
IP1
IP5
IP3IP2
AT&TUMTS
IP4
NextTelUMTS
MIP Client
MIOTAHome-addr
NAPT
Verizon1xRTT
WINSTAR802.16
Verizon1xEV-DO
HomeAgent(HA)
Internet
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Module IV: VOIP (Columbia University)
VoIP and Application Layer Mobility using SIP
• ScalableIRT SIP proxy• IRT SIP user agent• Media Traffic Generator• Signaling traffic generator and benchmark tools
SIMPLEStone, SIPStone
Configuration and Management tools for SIP servers and benchmark testing
Integration and testing with rest of the kit
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Kit Dissemination
Kit advertisement• Creation of the WORKIT project website and set up of the release
of baseline kit• Continued updates of new software• Advertise on email lists
Proposal solicitation and evaluation• Invite proposals from the academic community for research and
teaching
Distribution of 25 kits
Encourage growing the kit software base
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Current Status
Selection of new Debiandistribution and upgrade to new Linux kernel 2.6
Why Debian?
• Better package-dependency management.
• More formal procedure to qualify packagers (Debian Developers) and a set of explicitly defined policies (DebianPolicy), which are diligently enforced.
• In general official Debian packages behave more consistently than similar one on other Linux distributions
Code clean up and repackaging under Debian
Automatic backhaul (ethernet vs. 3G) detection (ifc)Stateful firewall (ipf)Authentication state database (db)Mobile-IP mode (mipagent)Simple-IP mode (udhcp, webauth)
Workit website www.wirelesskit.org preliminary version now readyBackend Mobility Server (just started)Expected software release date: Sept 1, 2006
Windows Mobility ClientMobile IOTA Gateway and software
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Benefits of Universal Wireless Research Platform Kit Distribution Project
A step towards addressing recommendations from the NSF Wireless Workshop report
Flexible platform as a starting point for wide range of wireless research
Dramatically shorten time to develop comprehensive system implementations of research ideas and avoid duplication of effort
Base kit enhanced over time by absorbing new prototypes into kit
Stimulate new ideas and research efforts that otherwise would be avoided due to complexity in building system prototype foundation
Promotes university and industrial research interaction
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Details
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Why the Bell Labs kit?
Allows for complete end-to-end mobile networking environment• Mobility Client Software on terminal• Multi-interface gateway with interchangeable wireless and wireline interfaces• Backend server for authentication, mobility, accounting, and QoS policy
Interchangeable wireless (and wireline) interfaces
Networking and higher layer support independent of wireless interface• Platform can be extended with SDR wireless interface
Provides seamless mobility for heterogeneous wireless access
Applicable to many mobile networking systems research topicsExamples:• Programmable wireless networks• Multi-hop/Mesh network• Fast handoff and authentication
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Bell Labs Platforms supportIntegrated 802.11/3G Network
Hot-spot 802.11(802.11 WISP)
802.11AP
Leased line(T1, DSL, cable…)
Access Router
WISP: Wireless Internet Service ProviderRAN: Radio Access NetworkBS: Base-Station3G examples: 1xRTT (153Kbps/carrier/sector)
EV-DO (2.4Mbps downlink, 153Kbps uplink)UMTS (384 Kbps downlink, 64 kbps uplink)
WORKIT components
WORKIT Gateway
WORKIT Backend Mobility Server
WORKITHomeAgent
HomeAAA Billing
WORKIT Unified Mobility Client Software
ROAM
Mobile withDual Radio (802.11 & 3G) Interfaces
Public Internet3G CoreNetwork
BSBS
BSBS
3GRAN
3GRAN
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Bell Labs Platforms Support Mobile, Portable, Transient and Remote HotSpots
Mobile has only 802.11 interfaceWiFi access networks with 3G backhaulIncremental adoption of 3G data services
Portable,Remote,TransientHotspots (Conference & Expo)
WiFi
MobileWORKITGateway
Mobile Hotspots (Train, Bus)
WiFi
MobileWORKITGateway
Auth Server
Bill Server
Web
CorporateIntranet
eCommerce
Internet3G
network
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Bell Labs Technology Platform
Bell Labs Research Platform originally developed to address twomethods of embracing 802.11 as complimentary to 3G wireless
802.11/3G Service Integration• Challenges: End-to-end networking and service architecture for user
authentication, billing, accounting, service profile, security, roaming, dual/multi-network terminal support, and seamless inter-technology handoffs
Mobile WLAN Hotspots and Portable, Transient, Remote WLAN Hotspots • Challenges: Enable subscribers to access the Internet using 802.11 bridged
to a 3G high-speed wireless data backhaul (e.g. EV-DO) in buses, trains, hotspots, and places where it is not feasible to have a wired backhaul or for quick temporary network setup
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WORKIT components for Integrated 802.11/3G and Mobile Hotspots
Hot-spot 802.11(802.11 WISP)
802.11AP
Leased line(T1, DSL, cable…)
Access Router
WORKIT IntegrationGateway
WORKIT Home ServerWORKITHomeAgent
WORKITHomeAAA
WORKIT Unified Mobility Client Software
ROAM
Mobile withDual Radio (802.11 & 3G) Interfaces
Public Internet3G CoreNetwork
BS
3GRAN
MobileHotspot
WiFi
WORKITMobileGateway