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Creative ThinkingLecture # 2
Aisha Malik
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What is Thinking ??? Thinking is a process and thought is
the product output
Therefore, thinking is : Exploringalternative ideas, generating
possibilities, and different options
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Types of Thinking : Creative Thinking
Realistic Thinking
Deductive Thinking
Inductive Thinking
Evaluative Thinking
Lateral Thinking
Analytical Thinking Strategic Thinking
Critical Thinking
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VARIOUS TYPES OF THINKING SKILLS wewill study:
Critical
Analytical
Inductive
Deductive
Strategic
Lateral
Creative
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Creative Thinking A way of thinking that generates
something new or different. It involves having a different idea
that works as well or better thanprevious ideas
It is generative and divergent innature
Divergent means thinking that
starts from a common point andmoves outward into a variety ofperspectives
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Is a problem that could have a variety
of ways of addressing the problem as
well as a number of solutions, usually
applied to the area of creative arts.
Hudson 1967
Is the ability to find many possibleanswers to a particular problem.
Guilford (1950)
Divergent Thinking
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Critical Thinking A way of thinking that assesses the
worth and validity of something inexistent
It involves precise, persistent andobjective analysis
It is focus and convergent in nature
Convergent thinking process
information around a common point -an attempt to bring thoughts fromdifferent directions into a union or
common conclusion
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Is the ability to find the bestsingle answer to a problem.
Guilford (1950)
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Analytical Thinking
The abstract separation of a whole into itsconstituent parts in order to study the partsand their relations
Separating and distinguishing elements of aconcept, idea, problem and issue in order tounderstand its essential nature and innerrelationships
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Inductive Thinking
This is the process of reasoning from parts tothe whole, from examples to generalizations
Analyzing specific observations to reachgeneral conclusions
Works from specific observations to broadergeneralizations and theories
Is more open-ended and exploratory,
especially at the beginning
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Deductive Thinking This type of reasoning moves from the
whole to its parts, from generalizations tounderlying concepts to examples
Works from the more general to the morespecific
From the general theory to predict specific
instances
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Strategic Thinking Thinking skill in seeing issues, problems
and opportunities in a larger and broaderperspective and being able to understand
the inter-relation of all the elementsinvolved so that the best course of actioncould be formulated to achieve the desiredgoals
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Lateral Thinking
The concept was introduce by Edward deBono in 1967 which means a way ofthinking that involve multiple parallel
approach An example of multiple parallel approach
in thinking is Edward de BonosSix
Thinking Hats
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Einstein believed that by combining cold order thinking
(convergent) with hot chaotic thinking (divergent) that the
result would lie in a certain emotion for learning.
Combining the Thoughts
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So, What is the plan?
The Goal is for students to learn how to generate questions
in a variety of ways. Also, teach students to use higherorder thinking skills and to work collaboratively within
groups.
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Why is it important to develop higher order thinking
skills?
In our increasingly complex society, it is becoming even more
imperative that individuals are capable of thinking divergently
and creatively. It is also important that individuals see the
relationships between seemingly diverse concepts.
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According to research thinking involves
higher levels of questioning skills suchas: