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Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies Program Data Center Facilities and Engineering Conference Washington, DC May 18, 2007
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Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Dec 23, 2015

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Page 1: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers

Paul ScheihingU.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable EnergyIndustrial Technologies Program

Data Center Facilities and Engineering Conference

Washington, DC

May 18, 2007

Page 2: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Why Data Centers?

• Highly energy-intensive and rapidly growing

• Consume 10 to 100 times more energy per square foot than a typical office building

• Large potential impact on electricity supplyand distribution

• Used about 45 billion kWhin 2005

• At current rates, powerrequirements could doublein 5 years.

Page 3: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Potential Benefits of Improved Data CenterEnergy Efficiency

• Save 20 billion kWh per year by 2015– Worth $2 billion, ≈ annual electricity

use in 1.8 million American homes

• Potentially defer need to build 2,300 MW of new generating capacity

– And avoid 3.4 million metric tons of carbon emissions (like taking 675,000 cars off the road)

• Extend life and capacity of existing data center infrastructures

Page 4: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Ratio of Total Data Center Power to IT Equipment Power

Building Existing Knowledge Base

• R&D Roadmap by Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (LBNL) identifies and prioritizes data center opportunities and research.

• With funding from PG&E and CEC, LBNL conducted benchmark studies of 22 data centers:

– Found wide variation inperformance (totalpower/IT power)

– Identified best practices

• DOE will greatly expandcurrent knowledge base.

To

tal

Po

wer

/IT

Po

wer

Page 5: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Energy Efficiency Opportunities

Server Load/ComputingOperations

Cooling Equipment

Power Distribution & Conversions

Page 6: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Data Center Energy Use

Typical Data Center Energy End Use

Server Load/ComputingOperations

Cooling Equipment

Power Conversions& Distribution

100 Units

33 UnitsDelivered

35 Units

Page 7: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Data Center Cooling and Power Conversion Performance Varies

Typical Practice Better Practice

Server Load/ComputingOperations

Cooling & Power

Conversions Server Load/ComputingOperations

Cooling & Power

Conversions

Page 8: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Typical Energy Flow/Use

Server Load/ComputingOperations

Cooling Equipment

Power Conversion & Distribution

Fuel Burned at Power Plant

Delivered Power

ElectricityGeneration & Transmission

Losses

Page 9: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Will reduce cooling needs

Typical Energy Flow/Use

Server Load/ComputingOperations

Cooling Equipment

Power Conversion & Distribution

Fuel Burned at Power Plant

Reducing server power requirements

Lowering power conversion losses

Electricity Generation & Transmission

Losses

Delivered Electricity

…ultimately reducing fuel burned at the power plant

Reducing power demand and losses

Page 10: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Server Load/ComputingOperations

Cooling Equipment

Power Conversion & Distribution

AlternativePower

Generation

• High voltage distribution

• Use of DC power

• Highly efficient UPS systems

• Efficient redundancy strategies

• Load management

• Server innovation

Energy Efficiency Opportunities

• Better air management

• Move to liquid cooling

• Optimized chilled-water plants

• Use of free cooling

• On-site generation

• CHP applications

• Waste heat for cooling

• Use of renewable energy

• Fuel cells

Page 11: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Opportunity Potential

Comparison of Projected Electricity Use,All Scenarios, 2007 to 2011

An

nu

al E

ner

gy

Use

(B

illi

on

kW

h/y

ear)

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

2006 Baseline58.7

0

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

Business as usual Current trends

Improved operational management

Best practice

State of the art

Page 12: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

What Is Needed

• Assistance in identifying the best opportunities for savings at each data center

• Outside validation to help convince management that addressing opportunities is feasible and cost-effective

Page 13: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

DOE Data Center Team

• Industrial Technologies Program

• Building Technologies Program

• Hydrogen, Fuel Cells, & Infrastructure Technologies

• Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP)

• DOE National Laboratories

Page 14: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

DOE Data Center Program Objectives

• Provide systems approach

• Build tools, expertise, and strategy

• Raise awareness of the opportunity

• Recognize industry leaders

Page 15: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Save Energy Now: Industry Assessments

• 200 completed• Natural gas savings =

52 trillion Btu/yr

– ≈ 725,000 U.S. homes– Carbon dioxide avoided =

3.3 million metric tons/year

• Cost savings opportunity = $475 million per year – Savings implemented or

planned = $256 million(154 plants)

< 9 months• Improve

insulation• Implement

steam trap program

• Clean heat transfer surfaces

9 mo. – 2 years• Heat feed water with

boiler blowdown• Lower excess oxygen• Flue gas heat recovery

2 – 4 years• Modify steam

turbine operation• Use oxygen for

combustion• Change process

steam use

> 4 years• Install CHP

system

Estimated Payback Periods for Recommended Actions

Page 16: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Program Strategy

• Build on Save Energy Now model– DOE deployed software tools,

training curriculum, and qualifiedexperts to train and work withstaff at large U.S. plants.

– 65% of recommended actions nowcompleted, in progress, or planned.

• With industry input, develop appropriate tools, training,and qualified experts to improve data centers.

• Conduct pilots, promote and facilitate industry implementation.

Page 17: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

2007 Move Forward Plan

• Build strong liaisons and partnerships with industry

• Develop robust new energy assessment program

• Develop tools and info on best practices– Sub-system assessment protocol and analysis tool

– Assessment framework and energy profiling tool

• Conduct pilot assessments at data centers

• Provide awareness training

• Screen for industrial demonstrations

• Provide Federal procurement specifications

Page 18: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Stakeholders

• EPA

• States

• Utilities

• Industry Organizations

e.g., Green Grid, ASHRAE,

AFCOM, 7x24, SVLG

• Equipment suppliers

• Research organizations

• Consultants

Page 19: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

How Can Industry Participate?

Register on web site to get regular updates Participate in Peer Review of products, protocols

and best practices– Sign up for Technical Working Groups on web site

Conduct Self Benchmarking and report results– Use tools from LBNL site and download protocol at :

http://hightech.lbl.gov/datacenters.html

Apply for Data Center Assessments (solicitation coming in Fall)

www.eere.energy.gov/datacenters/

Page 20: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

Web-based Resources

http://hightech.lbl.gov/datacenters.htmlGood starting point for those seeking efficiency measures

Best Practices

Case Studies

Design Guidance

Self-benchmarking Guide

Benchmark data

Other Reports (demonstrations)

Page 21: Creating Energy-Efficient Data Centers Paul Scheihing U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Industrial Technologies.

end

Contact: Paul Scheihing

[email protected]

202-586-7234