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CHILD RIGHTS
&
CHILD DEVELOPMENT
IN RURAL AREAS
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CHILD DEFINITIONAccording to Child age
1. Criminal law 1860 IPC sec82 7-12 years
2. Juvenile justice Act Boy16 Girls18
3. Child Marriage Restraint Act 1929 Male21 Female18
4. Labour Laws and Appetent act 1951 >15 years
5. The census of India > 14 years
6. Social Scientists include 1519 years
Magnitude
Birth rate 41.9% - 1960-196129.5% - 1990-1991
The census of India estimated that by 1991 there would be 7.8million less girls than boys and 78% of children reside in ruralareas.
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CHILD RIGHTS
1. Rights to Survival
That includes the right to life, the highest attainable standard
of health, nutrition and adequate standard of living. It also
includes the right to name and nationally.
2. Rights to protection
That includes freedom all forms of exploitation, abuses, in
human or degrading treatment and negligence including theright to special protection in situation of emergency and armedconflicts.
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3. Rights to Development
That consists of the rights to education, support for earlychildhood, development and care, social security and right toleisure, recreation and cultural activities.
4. Rights to Participation
That includes respect for the views of the child, freedom ofexpression, access to appropriate information and freedom ofthought, consensus and religion.s
CHILD RIGHTS [contd]
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Child Welfare schemes
Health
Nutrition & care
Education
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Child protection in terms of Health
Anti natal care
Delivery at Hospitals
Immunization
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Child protection in terms of
Nutrition and care
ICDS Integrated Child Development servicesscheme
Supplementary Nutrition
Anganwadi Centers Parent education
Girl child protection scheme
check on Child traficing
Children homes(shishuVihar / Balvihars)
Kishora Shaki yojana
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Education
SARVA SIKSHA ABIYAN
Provides useful and relevant elementary
education for all children in 6 to 14 age group by
2010
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The goals of SSA
Enrollment of all children in school, Education
Guarantee Centre, Alternate School, and Back toSchool Camps
Retention of all children till the upper primarystage of 2010
Bridging of gender and social category gaps in
enrolment, retention and learning
Ensuring that there is significant enhancement inthe learning achievement levels of children at
primary and upper primary stage.
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Coverage of special focus groups
Full time community schools for small inservedhabitations
Main streaming of children through bridge courses of
different duration Specific strategies for special groups like childlabour,
street children, adolescent girls, girls belonging tocertain back ward communities, children of migrating
families, etc. Innovative program in terms of practice, curriculum,
program management, textbooks, and TLMs, etc.
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1. Education of migrating children
Seasonal hostels/ providing shelter for children
during migration
Work site Schools/ at the location where the
migrate families are engaged in work.
Paripathitic educational volunteer who can
move with the migrating families.
Strategies for tracking of children through
migration care (during and after the migration)
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2. Urban Deprived children
Opening of Non Residential bridge courses
(NRBCs)
Opening of Residential courses (RBCs)
3 i /i i f i
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3. Interventions/incentives for girls
&Education with special focus on SC
and ST children Free text books to all girls upto class Vlll
Separate toilets for girls
Back to school camps for out of school children
Bridge courses for older girls Recruitment of 50/- Women teachers
Care and Education centers/ near schools/ convergence with ICDS programetc.
Teachers sensitization programmer to promote equitable learningopportunities
Gender-sensitive teaching-learning materials including text books. Intensive found per district for need based interventions for ensuring girls
attendance and retention
Girls only schools at upper primary level with in state policy
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4. National Programme for Education of
Girls at Elementary Level (NPEGEL)
Focus to reach the Hardest to Reach girls
Kasturiba Gandhi Babka Vidyalaya launched
in July 2004 merged with SSA in 2007.
Where female literacy rate is less than
National average (46.13%)
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5. Education of SC and ST
children
Providing adequate infrastructure
Engagement of community organizers Book in local language
Special coaching and remedial services
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6. Residential hostels for children in
Remote and sparsely populated Blocks of
tribal and hilly Districts, under SSA.
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7. Early childhood care and
Education
To free the girl child from baby sitting
School Readiness
Importance on 3Rs.
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8. Education of children belonging
to minority Muslim community
Support of madrasa and maktabs
Provision of Urdu text books
Free text books to all Muslim girls
Training of Urdu teachers
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9. Education for children with
special Needs
Identification of children with special needs
Functional and formal assessment
Educational placement Aids and Appliances
Support Services
Teacher training Resources support
Individualized education plan.