CRITICAL CONSTANTS The parameters of the liquid–gas critical point are important constants in determining the behavior of fluids. This table lists the critical temperature, pressure, and molar volume, as well as the normal boiling point, for approximately 850 inorganic and organic substances. The properties and their units are: T b : Normal boiling point in kelvins at a pressure of 101.325 kPa (1 atmosphere); an “s” following the value indicates a sublimation point (temperature at which the solid is in equilibrium with the gas at a pressure of 101.325 kPa) T c : Critical temperature in kelvins P c : Critical pressure in megapascals V c : Critical molar volume in cm 3 /mol The number of digits given for T b , T c , and P c indicates the esti- mated accuracy of these quantities; however, values of T c greater than 750 K may be in error by 10 K or more. Although most V c values are given to three figures, they cannot be assumed accurate to better than a few percent. All values are experimentally deter- mined except for a few values, indicated by an asterisk*, which are based on extrapolations. Methods of measurement are described and critiqued in Reference 1. Many of the critical constants in this table are taken from re- views produced by the IUPAC Commission on Thermodynamics (References 1– 8). Compounds are listed by molecular formula in modified Hill order, with compounds not containing carbon pre- ceding those that do contain carbon. The assistance of Douglas Ambrose is gratefully acknowledged. References 1. Ambrose, D., and Young, C. L., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 345, 1995. [IUPAC Part 1] 2. Ambrose, D., and Tsonopoulos, C., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 531, 1995. [IUPAC Part 2] 3. Tsonopoulos, C., and Ambrose, D., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 547, 1995. [IUPAC Part 3] 4. Gude, M., and Teja, A. S., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 1025, 1995. [IUPAC Part 4] 5. Daubert, T. E., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 365, 1996. [IUPAC Part 5] 6. Tsonopoulos, C., and Ambrose, D., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 645, 1996. [IUPAC Part 6] 7. Kudcharker, A. P., Ambrose, D., and Tsonopoulos, C., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 46, 457, 2001. [IUPAC Part 7] 8. Tsonopoulos, C., and Ambrose, D., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 46, 480, 2001. [IUPAC Part 8] 9. Ambrose, D., “Vapor-Liquid Constants of Fluids”, in Stevenson, R. M., and Malanowski, S., Eds., Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, Elsevier, New York, 1987. 10. Das, A., Frenkel, M., Gadalla, N. A. M., Kudchadker, S., Marsh, K. N., Rodgers, A. S., and Wilhoit, R. C., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 22, 659, 1993. 11. Wilson, L. C., Wilson, H. L., Wilding, W. V., and Wilson, G. M., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 1252, 1996. 12. Daubert, T. E., Danner, R. P., Sibul, H. M., and Stebbins, C. C., Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Compounds: Data Compilation, extant 2002 (core with supplements), Taylor & Francis, Bristol, PA. 13. Morton, D. W., Lui, M. P. W., Tran, C. A., and Young, C. L., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 45, 437, 2000. 14. VonNiederhausern, D. M., Wilson, L. C., Giles, N. F., and Wilson, G. M., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 45, 154, 2000. 15. VonNiederhausern, D. M., Wilson, G. M., and Giles, N. F., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 45, 157, 2000. 16. Nikitin, E. D., Popov, A. P., Bogatishcheva, N. S., and Yatluk, Y. G., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 47, 1012, 2002. 17. Wilson, G. M., VonNiederhausern, D. M., and Giles, N. F., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 47, 761, 2002. 18. Wang, B. H., Adcock, J. L., Mathur, S. B., and Van Hook, W. A., J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 23, 699, 1991. 19. Chae, H. B., Schmidt, J. W., and Moldover, M. R., J. Phys. Chem., 94, 8840, 1990. 20. Dillon, I. G., Nelson, P. A., and Swanson, B. S., J. Chem. Phys., 44, 4229, 1966. 21. Physical Constants of Hydrocarbon and Non-Hydrocarbon Compounds, ASTM Data Series DS 4B, ASTM, Philadelphia, 1988. 22. Nowak, P., Tielkes, T., Kleinraum, R., and Wagner, W., J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 29, 885, 1997. 23. Steele, W. V., Chirico, R. D., Nguyen, A., and Knipmeyer, S. E., J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 27, 311, 1995 24. Duan, Y. Y., Shi, L., Zhu, M. S., and Han, L. Z., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 44, 501, 1999. 25. Weber, L. A., and Defibaugh, D. R., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 382, 1996. 26. Duarte-Garza, H. A., Hwang, C. A., Kellerman, S. A., Miller, R. C., Hall, K. R., and Holste, J. C., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 42, 497, 1997. 27. Weber, L. A., and Defibaugh, D. R., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 1477, 1996. 28. Fujiwara, K., Nakamura, S., and Noguchi, M., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 43, 55, 1998. 29. Widiatmo, J. V., Morimoto, Y., and Watanabe, K., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 47, 1246, 2002. 30. Duarte-Garza, H. A., Stouffer, C. E., Hall, K. R., Holste, J. C., Marsh, K. N., and Gammon, B. E., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 42, 745, 1997. 31. Nikitin, E. D., Pavlov, P. A., Popov, A. P., and Nikitina, H. E., J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 27, 945, 1995. 32. Sako, T., Sato, M., Nakazawa, N., Oowa, M., Yasumoto, M., Ito, H., and Yamashita, S., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 802, 1996. 33. Zhang, H-L, Sato, H., and Watanabe, K., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 1281, 1995. 34. Sifner, O., and Klomfar, J., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 23, 63, 1994. 35. Younglove, B. A., and McLinden, M. O., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 23, 731, 1994. 36. Tillner-Roth, R., and Baehr, H. D., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 23, 657, 1994. 37. Xiang, H. W., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 30, 1161, 2001. 38. Goodwin, A. H. R., Defibaugh, D. R., and Weber, L. A., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 43, 846, 1998. 39. Lim, J. S., Park, K. H., Lee, B. G., and Kim, J-D., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 46, 1580, 2001. 40. Linstrom, P. J., and Mallard, W. G., Eds., NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database No. 69, July 2001, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, http://webbook.nist.gov. 41. ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook 2001, Chapter 19. Refrigerants, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Atlanta, GA, 2001. 42. Fialho, P. S., and Nieto de Castro, C. A., Int. J. Thermophys., 21, 385, 2000. 43. Vargaftik, N. B., Int. J. Thermophys., 11, 467, 1990 44. Vargaftik, N.B., Vinogradov, Y. K., and Yargin, V. S., Handbook of Physical Properties of Liquids and Gases, Third Edition, Begell House, New York, 1996. 45. Schmidt, J. W., Carrillo-Nava, E., and Moldover, M. R., Fluid Phase Equilibria, 122, 187, 1996. 46. Defibaugh, D. R., Gillis, K. A., Moldover, M. R., Morrison, G., and Schmidt, J. W., Fluid Phase Equilibria, 81, 285, 1992. 47. Salvi-Narkhede, M., Wang, B-H., Adcock, J. L., and Van Hook, W. A., J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 24, 1065, 1992. 48. Nikitin, E. D., Pavlov, P. A., and Pavlov, A. P., Fluid Phase Equilib., 189, 151–161, 2001. 6-37
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CRITICAL CONSTANTS
The parameters of the liquid–gas critical point are important constants in determining the behavior of fluids. This table lists the critical temperature, pressure, and molar volume, as well as the normal boiling point, for approximately 850 inorganic and organic substances. The properties and their units are:
Tb: Normal boiling point in kelvins at a pressure of 101.325
kPa (1 atmosphere); an “s” following the value indicates a sublimation point (temperature at which the solid is in equilibrium with the gas at a pressure of 101.325 kPa)
Tc: Critical temperature in kelvins
Pc: Critical pressure in megapascals
Vc: Critical molar volume in cm3/mol
The number of digits given for Tb, T
c, and P
c indicates the esti-
mated accuracy of these quantities; however, values of Tc greater
than 750 K may be in error by 10 K or more. Although most Vc
values are given to three figures, they cannot be assumed accurate to better than a few percent. All values are experimentally deter-mined except for a few values, indicated by an asterisk*, which are based on extrapolations. Methods of measurement are described and critiqued in Reference 1.
Many of the critical constants in this table are taken from re-views produced by the IUPAC Commission on Thermodynamics (References 1– 8). Compounds are listed by molecular formula in modified Hill order, with compounds not containing carbon pre-ceding those that do contain carbon.
The assistance of Douglas Ambrose is gratefully acknowledged.
References
1. Ambrose, D., and Young, C. L., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 345, 1995. [IUPAC Part 1]
2. Ambrose, D., and Tsonopoulos, C., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 531, 1995. [IUPAC Part 2]
3. Tsonopoulos, C., and Ambrose, D., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 547, 1995. [IUPAC Part 3]
4. Gude, M., and Teja, A. S., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 1025, 1995. [IUPAC Part 4]
5. Daubert, T. E., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 365, 1996. [IUPAC Part 5] 6. Tsonopoulos, C., and Ambrose, D., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 645, 1996.
[IUPAC Part 6] 7. Kudcharker, A. P., Ambrose, D., and Tsonopoulos, C., J. Chem. Eng.
Data, 46, 457, 2001. [IUPAC Part 7] 8. Tsonopoulos, C., and Ambrose, D., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 46, 480, 2001.
[IUPAC Part 8] 9. Ambrose, D., “Vapor-Liquid Constants of Fluids”, in Stevenson, R.
M., and Malanowski, S., Eds., Handbook of the Thermodynamics of
Organic Compounds, Elsevier, New York, 1987. 10. Das, A., Frenkel, M., Gadalla, N. A. M., Kudchadker, S., Marsh, K. N.,
Rodgers, A. S., and Wilhoit, R. C., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 22, 659, 1993.
11. Wilson, L. C., Wilson, H. L., Wilding, W. V., and Wilson, G. M., J.
Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 1252, 1996. 12. Daubert, T. E., Danner, R. P., Sibul, H. M., and Stebbins, C. C.,
Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Compounds: Data
Compilation, extant 2002 (core with supplements), Taylor & Francis, Bristol, PA.
13. Morton, D. W., Lui, M. P. W., Tran, C. A., and Young, C. L., J. Chem.
Eng. Data, 45, 437, 2000. 14. VonNiederhausern, D. M., Wilson, L. C., Giles, N. F., and Wilson, G.
M., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 45, 154, 2000.
15. VonNiederhausern, D. M., Wilson, G. M., and Giles, N. F., J. Chem.
Eng. Data, 45, 157, 2000. 16. Nikitin, E. D., Popov, A. P., Bogatishcheva, N. S., and Yatluk, Y. G., J.
Chem. Eng. Data, 47, 1012, 2002. 17. Wilson, G. M., VonNiederhausern, D. M., and Giles, N. F., J. Chem.
Eng. Data, 47, 761, 2002. 18. Wang, B. H., Adcock, J. L., Mathur, S. B., and Van Hook, W. A., J.
Chem. Thermodynamics, 23, 699, 1991. 19. Chae, H. B., Schmidt, J. W., and Moldover, M. R., J. Phys. Chem., 94,
8840, 1990. 20. Dillon, I. G., Nelson, P. A., and Swanson, B. S., J. Chem. Phys., 44, 4229,
1966. 21. Physical Constants of Hydrocarbon and Non-Hydrocarbon
Compounds, ASTM Data Series DS 4B, ASTM, Philadelphia, 1988. 22. Nowak, P., Tielkes, T., Kleinraum, R., and Wagner, W., J. Chem.
Thermodynamics, 29, 885, 1997. 23. Steele, W. V., Chirico, R. D., Nguyen, A., and Knipmeyer, S. E., J.
Chem. Thermodynamics, 27, 311, 1995 24. Duan, Y. Y., Shi, L., Zhu, M. S., and Han, L. Z., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 44,
501, 1999. 25. Weber, L. A., and Defibaugh, D. R., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 382, 1996. 26. Duarte-Garza, H. A., Hwang, C. A., Kellerman, S. A., Miller, R. C.,
Hall, K. R., and Holste, J. C., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 42, 497, 1997. 27. Weber, L. A., and Defibaugh, D. R., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 1477, 1996. 28. Fujiwara, K., Nakamura, S., and Noguchi, M., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 43,
55, 1998. 29. Widiatmo, J. V., Morimoto, Y., and Watanabe, K., J. Chem. Eng. Data,
47, 1246, 2002. 30. Duarte-Garza, H. A., Stouffer, C. E., Hall, K. R., Holste, J. C., Marsh, K.
N., and Gammon, B. E., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 42, 745, 1997. 31. Nikitin, E. D., Pavlov, P. A., Popov, A. P., and Nikitina, H. E., J. Chem.
Thermodynamics, 27, 945, 1995. 32. Sako, T., Sato, M., Nakazawa, N., Oowa, M., Yasumoto, M., Ito, H.,
and Yamashita, S., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 41, 802, 1996. 33. Zhang, H-L, Sato, H., and Watanabe, K., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 1281,
1995. 34. Sifner, O., and Klomfar, J., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 23, 63, 1994. 35. Younglove, B. A., and McLinden, M. O., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 23,
731, 1994. 36. Tillner-Roth, R., and Baehr, H. D., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 23, 657,
1994. 37. Xiang, H. W., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 30, 1161, 2001. 38. Goodwin, A. H. R., Defibaugh, D. R., and Weber, L. A., J. Chem. Eng.
Data, 43, 846, 1998. 39. Lim, J. S., Park, K. H., Lee, B. G., and Kim, J-D., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 46,
1580, 2001. 40. Linstrom, P. J., and Mallard, W. G., Eds., NIST Chemistry WebBook,
NIST Standard Reference Database No. 69, July 2001, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, http://webbook.nist.gov.
41. ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook 2001, Chapter 19. Refrigerants, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Atlanta, GA, 2001.
42. Fialho, P. S., and Nieto de Castro, C. A., Int. J. Thermophys., 21, 385, 2000.
43. Vargaftik, N. B., Int. J. Thermophys., 11, 467, 1990 44. Vargaftik, N.B., Vinogradov, Y. K., and Yargin, V. S., Handbook of
Physical Properties of Liquids and Gases, Third Edition, Begell House, New York, 1996.
45. Schmidt, J. W., Carrillo-Nava, E., and Moldover, M. R., Fluid Phase
Equilibria, 122, 187, 1996. 46. Defibaugh, D. R., Gillis, K. A., Moldover, M. R., Morrison, G., and
Schmidt, J. W., Fluid Phase Equilibria, 81, 285, 1992. 47. Salvi-Narkhede, M., Wang, B-H., Adcock, J. L., and Van Hook, W. A.,
J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 24, 1065, 1992. 48. Nikitin, E. D., Pavlov, P. A., and Pavlov, A. P., Fluid Phase Equilib., 189,
151–161, 2001.
6-37
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
AlBr3
Aluminum bromide 528 763 2.89 310 9
AlCl3
Aluminum chloride 453 s 620 2.63 257 9
AlI3
Aluminum iodide 655 983 408 9
Ar Argon 87.30 150.87 4.898 75 9
As Arsenic 876 1673 35 9
AsCl3
Arsenic(III) chloride 403 654 252 9
AsH3
Arsine 210.7 373.1 9
BBr3
Boron tribromide 364 581 272 9
BCl3
Boron trichloride 285.80 455 3.87 239 9
BF3
Boron trifluoride 172 260.8 4.98 115 9
BI3
Boron triiodide 482.7 773 356 9
B2H
6Diborane 180.8 289.8 4.05 9
BiBr3
Bismuth tribromide 726 1220 301 9
BiCl3
Bismuth trichloride 720 1179 12.0 261 9
BrH Hydrogen bromide 206.77 363.2 8.55 9
BrI Iodine bromide 389 719 139 9
Br2
Bromine 332.0 588 10.34 127 9
Br2Hg Mercury(II) bromide 595 1012 9
Br3Ga Gallium(III) bromide 552 806.7 303 9
Br3HSi Tribromosilane 382 610.0 305 9
Br3P Phosphorus(III) bromide 446.4 711 300 9
Br3Sb Antimony(III) bromide 553 904 300 9
Br4Ge Germanium(IV) bromide 459.50 718 392 9
Br4Hf Hafnium(IV) bromide 596 s 746 415 9
Br4Si Tetrabromosilane 427 663 382 9
Br4Sn Tin(IV) bromide 478 744 417 9
Br4Ti Titanium(IV) bromide 503 795.7 391 9
Br4Zr Zirconium(IV) bromide 633 s 805 424 9
Br5Ta Tantalum(V) bromide 622 974 461 9
ClFO3
Perchloryl fluoride 226.40 368.4 5.37 161 9
ClF2N Nitrogen chloride difluoride 206 337.5 5.15 9
ClF2P Phosphorus(III) chloride difluoride 225.9 362.4 4.52 9
ClF2PS Phosphorothioc chloride difluoride 279.5 439.2 4.14 9
ClF3Si Chlorotrifluorosilane 203.2 307.7 3.46 9
ClF5
Chlorine pentafluoride 260.1 416 5.27 233 9
ClF5S Sulfur chloride pentafluoride 254.10 390.9 9
ClH Hydrogen chloride 188 324.7 8.31 81 9
ClH4N Ammonium chloride 611 s 1155 163.5 9
ClH4P Phosphonium chloride 246 s 322.3 7.37 9
ClNO Nitrosyl chloride 267.7 440 9
ClOV Vanadyl chloride 400 636 171 9
Cl2
Chlorine 239.11 416.9 7.991 123 9
Cl2FP Phosphorus(III) dichloride fluoride 287.00 463.0 4.96 9
Cl2F
2Si Dichlorodifluorosilane 241 369.0 3.5 9
Cl2Hg Mercury(II) chloride 577 973 174 9
Cl2OSe Selenium oxychloride 450 730 7.09 235 9
Cl3FSi Trichlorofluorosilane 285.40 438.6 3.58 9
Cl3Ga Gallium(III) chloride 474 694 263 9
Cl3HSi Trichlorosilane 306 479 268 9
Cl3P Phosphorus(III) chloride 349.3 563 264 9
Cl3Sb Antimony(III) chloride 493.5 794 272 9
Cl4Ge Germanium(IV) chloride 359.70 553.2 3.861 330 9
Cl4Hf Hafnium(IV) chloride 590 s 725.7 5.42 314 9
Cl4ORe Rhenium(VI) oxytetrachloride 496 781 362 9
Cl4OW Tungsten(VI) oxytetrachloride 500.70 782 338 9
Cl4Si Tetrachlorosilane 330.80 508.1 3.593 326 9
Cl4Sn Tin(IV) chloride 387.30 591.9 3.75 351 9
Cl4Te Tellurium tetrachloride 660 1002 8.56 310 9
Cl4Ti Titanium(IV) chloride 409.60 638 4.66 339 9
Cl4Zr Zirconium(IV) chloride 604 s 778 5.77 319 9
6-38 Critical Constants
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
Cl5Mo Molybdenum(V) chloride 541 850 369 9
Cl5Nb Niobium(V) chloride 527.2 803.5 4.88 397 9
Cl5P Phosphorus(V) chloride 433 s 646 9
Cl5Ta Tantalum(V) chloride 512.50 767 402 9
Cl6W Tungsten(VI) chloride 619.90 923 422 9
Cs Cesium 944 1938 9.4 341 43
FH Hydrogen fluoride 293 461 6.48 69 9
FNO2
Nitryl fluoride 200.8 349.5 9
F2
Fluorine 85.03 144.13 5.172 66 9
F2HN Difluoramine 250 403 9
F2N
2cis-Difluorodiazine 167.40 272 7.09 9
F2N
2trans-Difluorodiazine 161.70 260 5.57 9
F2O Fluorine monoxide 128.40 215 9
F2Xe Xenon difluoride 387.50 631 9.32 148 9
F3N Nitrogen trifluoride 144.40 234.0 4.46 126 9
F3NO Trifluoramine oxide 185.7 303 6.43 147 9
F3P Phosphorus(III) fluoride 171.4 271.2 4.33 9
F3PS Phosphorothioc trifluoride 220.90 346.0 3.82 9
F4N
2Tetrafluorohydrazine 199 309 3.75 9
F4S Sulfur tetrafluoride 232.70 364 9
F4Si Tetrafluorosilane 187 259.0 3.72 9
F4Xe Xenon tetrafluoride 388.90 612 7.04 188 9
F5Nb Niobium(V) fluoride 502 737 6.28 155 9
F6Mo Molybdenum(VI) fluoride 307.2 473 4.75 226 9
F6S Sulfur hexafluoride 209.35 318.69 3.77 199 9
F6Se Selenium hexafluoride 226.55 345.5 9
F6Te Tellurium hexafluoride 234.25 356 9
F6U Uranium(VI) fluoride 329.65 505.8 4.66 250 9
F6W Tungsten(VI) fluoride 290.3 444 4.34 233 9
GaI3
Gallium(III) iodide 613 951 395 9
GeH4
Germane 185.1 312.2 4.95 147 9
GeI4
Germanium(IV) iodide 650 973 500 9
HI Hydrogen iodide 237.60 424.0 8.31 9
H2
Hydrogen 20.28 32.97 1.293 65 9
H2O Water 373.2 647.14 22.06 56 9
H2O
2Hydrogen peroxide 423.4 728* 22* 31
H2S Hydrogen sulfide 213.60 373.2 8.94 99 9
H2Se Hydrogen selenide 231.90 411 8.92 9
H3N Ammonia 239.82 405.5 11.35 72 9
H3P Phosphine 185.40 324.5 6.54 9
H4N
2Hydrazine 386.70 653 14.7 9
He Helium 4.22 5.19 0.227 57 9
HfI4
Hafnium iodide 667 s 916 528 9
Hg Mercury 629.88 1750 172.00 43 9
HgI2
Mercury(II) iodide 627 1072 9
I2
Iodine 457.6 819 155 9
I3Sb Antimony(III) iodide 674 1102 9
I4Si Tetraiodosilane 560.50 944 558 9
I4Sn Tin(IV) iodide 637.50 968 531 9
I4Ti Titanium(IV) iodide 650 1040 505 9
I4Zr Zirconium(IV) iodide 704 s 960 530 9
K Potassium 1032 2223* 16* 209* 20
Kr Krypton 119.93 209.41 5.50 91 9
Li Lithium 1615 3223* 67* 66* 20
NO Nitric oxide 121.41 180 6.48 58 9
N2
Nitrogen 77.36 126.21 3.39 90 9
N2O Nitrous oxide 184.67 309.57 7.255 97 9
N2O
4Nitrogen tetroxide 294.30 431 10.1 167 9
Na Sodium 1156 2573* 35* 116* 20
Ne Neon 27.07 44.4 2.76 42 9
Critical Constants 6-39
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
O2
Oxygen 90.20 154.59 5.043 73 9
O2S Sulfur dioxide 263.10 430.8 7.884 122 9
O3
Ozone 161.80 261.1 5.57 89 9
O3S Sulfur trioxide 318 491.0 8.2 127 9
O4Os Osmium(VIII) oxide 408 678 9
O7Re
2Rhenium(VII) oxide 633 942 334 9
P Phosphorus 553.7 994 9
Rb Rubidium 961 2093* 16* 247* 20
Rn Radon 211.5 377 6.28 9
S Sulfur 717.75 1314 20.7 9
Se Selenium 958 1766 27.2 9
Xe Xenon 165.03 289.77 5.841 118 34
CBrClF2
Bromochlorodifluoromethane 269.5 426.88 4.254 246 9
CBrF3
Bromotrifluoromethane 215.4 340.2 3.97 196 9
CBr2F
2Dibromodifluoromethane 295.91 471.3 4.45 9
CClF3
Chlorotrifluoromethane 191.8 302 3.870 180 9
CCl2F
2Dichlorodifluoromethane 243.4 384.95 4.136 217 9
CCl2O Carbonyl chloride [Phosgene] 281 455 5.67 190 9
CCl3F Trichlorofluoromethane 296.9 471.1 4.47 247 18
CCl4
Tetrachloromethane 350.0 556.6 4.516 276 9
CF3I Trifluoroiodomethane 250.7 396.44 3.953 226 24
CF4
Tetrafluoromethane 145.2 227.6 3.74 140 9
CHBrF2
Bromodifluoromethane 258.6 411.98 5.132 275 47
CHClF2
Chlorodifluoromethane 232.5 369.5 5.035 164 18
CHCl2F Dichlorofluoromethane 282.1 451.58 5.18 196 9
CHCl3
Trichloromethane 334.32 536.4 5.47 239 9
CHF3
Trifluoromethane 191.1 298.98 4.82 133 42
CHN Hydrogen cyanide 299 456.7 5.39 139 9
CH2ClF Chlorofluoromethane 264.1 427 5.70 37
CH2Cl
2Dichloromethane 313 510 6.10 9
CH2F
2Difluoromethane 221.6 351.56 5.83 123 42
CH2O
2Formic acid 374 588 7
CH3Cl Chloromethane 249.06 416.25 6.679 139 9
CH3Cl
3Si Methyltrichlorosilane 338.8 517 3.28 348 9
CH3F Fluoromethane 194.8 317.8 5.88 113 9
CH3I Iodomethane 315.58 528 9
CH3NO
2Nitromethane 374.34 588 5.87 173 9
CH4
Methane 111.67 190.56 4.599 98.60 2
CH4O Methanol 337.8 512.5 8.084 117 4
CH4S Methanethiol 279.1 470 7.23 147 8
CH5ClSi Chloromethylsilane 280 517.8 9
CH5N Methylamine 266.83 430.7 7.614 9
CH6N
2Methylhydrazine 360.7 567 8.24 271 9
CH6Si Methylsilane 215.7 352.4 8
CO Carbon monoxide 81.7 132.91 3.499 93 9
COS Carbon oxysulfide 223 375 5.88 137 9
CO2
Carbon dioxide 194.6 s 304.13 7.375 94 22
CS2
Carbon disulfide 319 552 7.90 173 9
C2Br
2ClF
31,2-Dibromo-1-chloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane 366 560.7 3.61 368 9
C2Br
2F
41,2-Dibromotetrafluoroethane 320.50 487.8 3.393 341 9
C2ClF
3Chlorotrifluoroethene 245.4 379 4.05 212 9
C2ClF
5Chloropentafluoroethane 234.1 353.2 3.229 252 9
C2Cl
2F
41,1-Dichloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane 276.6 418.6 3.30 294 9
C2Cl
2F
41,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane 276.7 418.78 3.252 297 42
C2Cl
3F
31,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane 318.7 482.9 40
C2Cl
3F
31,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane 320.9 487.3 3.42 325 9
C2Cl
4Tetrachloroethene 394.5 620.2 9
C2Cl
4F
21,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane 366.0 551 9
C2Cl
6Hexachloroethane 457.85 695 3.34* 412* 12
C2F
3N Trifluoroacetonitrile 204.4 311.11 3.618 202 9
6-40 Critical Constants
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
C2F
4Tetrafluoroethene 197.3 306.5 3.94 172 9
C2F
6Hexafluoroethane 195.1 293 222 9
C2HClF
21-Chloro-2,2-difluoroethene 254.7 400.6 4.46 197 9
C2HClF
41-Chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane 261.5 399.9 3.72 244 9
C2HClF
41-Chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane 261 395.65 3.643 244 42
C2HCl
2F
31,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane 302.7 461.6 278 19
C2HCl
2F
32,2-Dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane 300.97 456.83 3.661 278 35
C2HCl
3Trichloroethene 360.36 544.2 5.02 9
C2HF
3O
2Trifluoroacetic acid 346 491.3 3.258 204 9
C2HF
5Pentafluoroethane 225.1 339.17 3.620 208.0 29,30
C2HF
5O Trifluoromethyl difluoromethyl ether 235 354.0 3.33 192 25,45,46
C2H
2Acetylene 188.45 308.3 6.138 112.2 6
C2H
2ClF
32-Chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane 279.3 425.01 228 40
C2H
2Cl
2cis-1,2-Dichloroethene 333.3 544.2 9
C2H
2Cl
2trans-1,2-Dichloroethene 321.9 516.5 5.51 9
C2H
2Cl
41,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 418.4 661.15 9
C2H
2F
21,1-Difluoroethene 187.5 302.9 4.46 154 9
C2H
2F
41,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane 247.07 374.18 4.065 198 36
C2H
2F
41,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane 253.3 391.74 4.615 191 19,42
C2H
2F
4O Bis(difluoromethyl) ether 275 420.25 4.228 223 46
C2H
3Cl Chloroethene [Vinyl chloride] 259.4 432 5.67 179 12
C2H
3ClF
21-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane 264.1 410.34 4.048 225 19,32
C2H
3Cl
2F 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane 305.2 477.5 4.194 255 26,42
C2H
3Cl
31,1,1-Trichloroethane 347.24 545 4.30 9
C2H
3Cl
31,1,2-Trichloroethane 387.0 602* 4.48* 281* 12
C2H
3F Fluoroethene 201 327.9 5.24 144 9
C2H
3F
31,1,1-Trifluoroethane 225.90 345.86 3.764 194 27,28
C2H
3F
31,1,2-Trifluoroethane 276.9 429.8 5.241 207 40
C2H
3F
3O Methyl trifluoromethyl ether 249.49 378.02 3.588 228 47
C2H
3N Acetonitrile 354.80 545.6 4.884 173 14
C2H
4Ethylene [Ethene] 169.38 282.34 5.041 131 6
C2H
4Br
21,2-Dibromoethane 404.8 583.0 7.2 9
C2H
4Cl
21,1-Dichloroethane 330.5 523 5.07 236 9
C2H
4Cl
21,2-Dichloroethane 356.7 561 5.4 225 9
C2H
4F
21,1-Difluoroethane 249.10 386.7 4.50 181 9,19
C2H
4O Acetaldehyde 293.3 466 154 7
C2H
4O Oxirane [Ethylene oxide] 283.8 469 7.2 142 7
C2H
4O
2Acetic acid 391.1 590.7 5.78 171 7
C2H
4O
2Methyl formate 304.9 487.2 6.00 172 7
C2H
5Br Bromoethane 311.7 503.9 6.23 215 9
C2H
5Cl Chloroethane 285.5 460.4 5.3 9
C2H
5F Fluoroethane 235.5 375.31 5.028 9
C2H
6Ethane 184.6 305.32 4.872 145.5 2
C2H
6Cl
2Si Dichlorodimethylsilane 343.5 520.4 3.49 350 9
C2H
6O Ethanol 351.44 514.0 6.137 168 4
C2H
6O Dimethyl ether 248.4 400.2 5.34 168 7
C2H
6O
21,2-Ethanediol 470.5 720 8 7,14
C2H
6S Ethanethiol 308.2 499 5.49 207 8
C2H
6S Dimethyl sulfide 310.48 503 5.53 203.7 8
C2H
6S
2Dimethyl disulfide 382.89 615 8
C2H
7N Ethylamine 289.7 456 5.62 182 9
C2H
7N Dimethylamine 280.03 437.22 5.340 9
C2H
8N
21,2-Ethanediamine 390 613.1 6.707 11,12
C2N
2Cyanogen 252.1 400 5.98 9
C3ClF
5O Chloropentafluoroacetone 281 410.6 2.878 9
C3Cl
2F
61,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane 308.9 453 2.753 41
C3F
6O Perfluoroacetone 245.8 357.14 2.84 329 9
C3F
6O Perfluorooxetane 244.8 361.8 3.03 272 18,47
C3F
8Perfluoropropane 236.6 345.1 2.680 299 9
C3F
8O
2Perfluorodimethoxymethane 263 372.3 2.333 363 18
Critical Constants 6-41
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
C3HF
71,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane 256.8 374.89 2.929 274 39,47
C3HF
7O Trifluoromethyl 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether 270 387.78 2.293 337 18,47
C3H
2F
61,1,1,2,3,3-Hexafluoropropane 279.3 412.38 3.412 269 33
C3H
2F
61,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoropropane 272.2 398.07 45
C3H
2F
6O 1,2,2,2-Tetrafluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether 296.50 428.95 3.050 315 32
C3H
3F
33,3,3-Trifluoropropene 256 376.2 3.80 211 9
C3H
3F
51,1,1,3,3-Pentafluoropropane 288.5 427.20 45
C3H
3F
51,1,1,2,2-Pentafluoropropane 255.8 380.11 3.137 273 9
C3H
3F
51,1,2,2,3-Pentafluoropropane 298.2 447.57 45
C3H
3F
5O Methyl pentafluoroethyl ether 278.74 406.80 2.887 301 32
C3H
3F
5O Difluoromethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether 302.39 443.99 38
C3H
3N Acrylonitrile 350.5 540 4.660 11,12
C3H
3NO Isoxazole 368 552.0 9
C3H
4Allene 238.8 394 5.25 6
C3H
4Propyne 250.0 402.4 5.63 163.5 6
C3H
5Cl 3-Chloropropene 318.3 514 9
C3H
5F
3O 2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl methyl ether 304.77 448.98 3.513 277 32
C3H
5N Propanenitrile 370.29 561.3 4.26 229 9
C3H
6Propene 225.46 364.9 4.60 185 6
C3H
6Cyclopropane 240.34 398.0 5.54 162 5
C3H
6Cl
21,2-Dichloropropane 369.6 578.5 13
C3H
6Cl
21,3-Dichloropropane 394.1 614.6 13
C3H
6O Allyl alcohol 370.2 545.1 4
C3H
6O Propanal 321 505 5.26 204 7
C3H
6O Acetone 329.20 508.1 4.700 213 7
C3H
6O Methyloxirane [1,2-Propylene oxide] 308 485 5.2 190 7
C3H
6O
2Propanoic acid 414.30 598.5 4.67 233 7
C3H
6O
2Ethyl formate 327.6 508.54 4.74 229 7
C3H
6O
2Methyl acetate 330.02 506.5 4.750 228 7
C3H
6O
3Dimethyl carbonate 363.7 557 4.80 252 7
C3H
7Cl 1-Chloropropane 319.7 503 4.58 9
C3H
7Cl 2-Chloropropane 308.9 484 13
C3H
7NO N,N-Dimethylformamide 426 649.6 262 9
C3H
8Propane 231.1 369.83 4.248 200 2
C3H
8O 1-Propanol 370.4 536.8 5.169 218 4
C3H
8O 2-Propanol 355.5 508.3 4.764 222 4
C3H
8O Ethyl methyl ether 280.6 437.9 4.38 222 7
C3H
8O
21,2-Propylene glycol 460.8 676.4 5.941 7,14
C3H
8O
21,3-Propylene glycol [Trimethylene glycol] 487.6 718.2 6.55 14,17
C3H
8O
22-Methoxyethanol [Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether] 397.3 597.6 5.285 263 7,11,12
C3H
8O
2Dimethoxymethane [Methylal] 315 491 3.96 213 7
C3H
8O
3Glycerol 563 850 7.5 7
C3H
8S 1-Propanethiol 341.0 537 4.6 286 8
C3H
8S Ethyl methyl sulfide 339.9 533 4.25 8
C3H
9BO
3Trimethyl borate 340.7 501.7 3.59 9
C3H
9ClSi Trimethylchlorosilane 333 497.8 3.20 366 9
C3H
9N Propylamine 320.37 497.0 4.72 9
C3H
9N Isopropylamine 304.91 471.8 4.54 221 9
C3H
9N Trimethylamine 276.02 432.79 4.087 254 9
C4Br
2F
81,4-Dibromooctafluorobutane 370 532.5 2.39 9
C4Cl
2F
61,2-Dichloro-1,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluorocyclobutane 332.7 497* 2.73* 386* 12
C4F
8Perfluorocyclobutane 267.3 388.46 2.784 324 9
C4F
10Perfluorobutane 271.3 386.4 2.323 378 9
C4F
10Perfluoroisobutane 273 395.4 9
C4H
2F
8O Perfluoroethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether 301.04 421.68 2.330 409 32
C4H
3F
7O Perfluoropropyl methyl ether 307.38 437.70 2.481 377 32
C4H
3F
7O Perfluoroisopropyl methyl ether 302.49 433.30 2.553 369 32
C4H
4O Furan 304.7 490.2 5.3 218 7
C4H
4O
4Maleic acid 620 7
C4H
4S Thiophene 357.2 580 5.70 219 8
6-42 Critical Constants
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
C4H
5F
5O Perfluoroethyl ethyl ether 301.26 431.23 2.533 366 32
C4H
5N Pyrrole 402.94 639.7 6.34 200 10
C4H
61,3-Butadiene 268.74 425 4.32 221 6
C4H
61-Butyne 281.23 440 4.60 208 6
C4H
62-Butyne 300.1 488.7 9
C4H
6O
2Vinyl acetate 346.0 519.2 4.185 7
C4H
6O
2γ-Butyrolactone 477 731 5.13 7,11
C4H
6O
3Acetic anhydride 412.7 606 4.0 7
C4H
6O
3Propylene carbonate 515 762.7 4.14 17
C4H
7N Butanenitrile 390.8 585.4 3.88 9
C4H
81-Butene 266.89 419.5 4.02 240.8 6
C4H
8cis-2-Butene 276.86 435.5 4.21 233.8 6
C4H
8trans-2-Butene 274.03 428.6 4.10 237.7 6
C4H
8Isobutene 266.3 417.9 4.000 238.8 6
C4H
8Cyclobutane 285.8 460.0 4.98 210 9
C4H
8O Ethyl vinyl ether 308.7 475 4.07 7
C4H
8O Butanal 348.0 537 4.32 258 7
C4H
8O Isobutanal 337.7 544 5.1 7
C4H
8O 2-Butanone [Methyl ethyl ketone] 352.74 536.7 4.207 267 7
C4H
8O Tetrahydrofuran 338 540.5 5.19 224 7
C4H
8OS S-Ethyl thioacetate 389.6 590.55 4.075 319 11,12
C4H
8O
2Butanoic acid 436.90 615.2 4.06 292 7
C4H
8O
22-Methylpropanoic acid 427.60 605.0 3.70 290 7
C4H
8O
2Propyl formate 354.1 538.0 4.06 285 7
C4H
8O
2Isopropyl formate 341.4 535 3.95 7
C4H
8O
2Ethyl acetate 350.26 523.3 3.87 286 7
C4H
8O
2Methyl propanoate 353.0 530.7 4.00 282 7
C4H
8O
21,4-Dioxane 374.7 588 5.21 238 7
C4H
8S Tetrahydrothiophene 394.3 632 5.4 8
C4H
9Cl 1-Chlorobutane 351.6 539.2 13
C4H
9Cl 2-Chlorobutane 341.4 518.6 13
C4H
9Cl 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane 324.1 500 13
C4H
9N Pyrrolidine 359.71 568 6.00 238 10
C4H
10Butane 272.7 425.12 3.796 255 2
C4H
10Isobutane 261.42 407.8 3.640 259 5
C4H
10O 1-Butanol 390.88 563.0 4.414 274 4
C4H
10O 2-Butanol [sec-Butyl alcohol] 372.66 536.2 4.202 269 4
C4H
10O 2-Methyl-1-propanol [Isobutyl alcohol] 381.04 547.8 4.295 274 4
C4H
10O 2-Methyl-2-propanol [tert-Butyl alcohol] 355.6 506.2 3.972 275 4
C4H
10O Diethyl ether 307.7 466.7 3.644 281 7
C4H
10O Methyl propyl ether 312.3 476.2 3.801 7
C4H
10O Isopropyl methyl ether 303.92 464.4 3.762 7
C4H
10O
22-Methyl-1,3-propanediol 484.8 708.0 5.35 17
C4H
10O
21,2-Butanediol 463.7 680 5.21 303 7,23
C4H
10O
21,3-Butanediol 480.7 676 4.02 305 7,23
C4H
10O
21,4-Butanediol [Tetramethylene glycol] 508 723.8 5.52 17
C4H
10O
21,2-Dimethoxyethane [Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether] 357.7 540 3.90 308 7
C4H
10O
21,2-Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 392 579.8 4.113 11,12
C4H
10O
3Diethylene glycol 519.0 750 4.7 7
C4H
10S 1-Butanethiol 371.7 570 4.0 324 8
C4H
10S Diethyl sulfide 365.3 557.8 3.90 317.6 8,15
C4H
10S
2Diethyl disulfide 427.2 642 8
C4H
11N Butylamine 350.15 531.9 4.25 277 10
C4H
11N sec-Butylamine 335.88 514.3 4.20 278 10
C4H
11N tert-Butylamine 317.19 483.9 3.84 292 10
C4H
11N Isobutylamine 340.90 519 4.07 278 10
C4H
11N Diethylamine 328.7 499.99 3.758 9
C4H
12N
2O N-(2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamine 512 739.2 4.65 17
C4H
12Si Tetramethylsilane 299.8 448.6 2.821 361.6 8
C4H
12Sn Tetramethylstannane 351 521.8 2.981 8
Critical Constants 6-43
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
C4H
13N
3Bis(2-aminoethyl)amine 480 709.8 4.38 14,17
C5F
12Perfluoropentane 302.4 420.59 2.045 473 9
C5H
2F
6O
2Hexafluoroacetylacetone 327.30 485.1 2.767 9
C5H
4O
2Furfural 434.9 670* 5.89* 7
C5H
5N Pyridine 388.38 620.0 5.67 243 10
C5H
6N
22-Methylpyrazine 410 634.3 5.01 283 9
C5H
6O 2-Methylfuran 337.9 528 4.7 247 7
C5H
7N 1-Methylpyrrole 385.96 596.0 4.86 271 10
C5H
7N 2-Methylpyrrole 420.8 654 5.08 266 10
C5H
7N 3-Methylpyrrole 416.1 647 5.08 266 10
C5H
81-Pentyne 313.3 493.5 9
C5H
8Cyclopentene 317.4 506.5 4.80 245 6
C5H
8O Cyclopentanone 403.72 624 4.60 7
C5H
8O 3,4-Dihydro-2H-pyran 359 562 4.56 268 7
C5H
9N Pentanenitrile 414.5 610.3 3.58 9
C5H
9NO N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone 475 721.8 311 9
C5H
101-Pentene 303.11 464.8 3.56 298.4 6
C5H
10cis-2-Pentene 310.08 475 3.69 6
C5H
10trans-2-Pentene 309.49 471 3.52 9
C5H
102-Methyl-1-butene 304.4 470 3.8 9
C5H
103-Methyl-1-butene 293.3 452.7 3.53 304.9 6
C5H
102-Methyl-2-butene 311.71 470 3.42 6
C5H
10Cyclopentane 322.5 511.7 4.51 259 5
C5H
10O Cyclopentanol 413.57 619.5 4.9 4
C5H
10O Allyl ethyl ether 340.8 518 7
C5H
10O Pentanal 376 567 3.97 313 7
C5H
10O 2-Pentanone [Methyl propyl ketone] 375.41 561.1 3.683 321 7
C5H
10O 3-Pentanone [Diethyl ketone] 374.9 561.4 3.729 331 7
C5H
10O 3-Methyl-2-butanone 367.48 553.0 3.80 308 7
C5H
10O Tetrahydropyran 361 572 4.77 263 7
C5H
10O 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran 351 537 3.76 267 7
C5H
10O
2Pentanoic acid 459.3 637.2 3.63 346 7
C5H
10O
23-Methylbutanoic acid 449.7 629 3.40 7
C5H
10O
2Isobutyl formate 371.4 551 3.88 355 7
C5H
10O
2Propyl acetate 374.69 549.7 3.36 345 7
C5H
10O
2Isopropyl acetate 361.8 531.0 3.31 344 7
C5H
10O
2Ethyl propanoate 372.3 546.7 3.45 342 7
C5H
10O
2Methyl butanoate 376.0 554.5 3.47 340 7
C5H
10O
2Methyl isobutanoate 365.7 540.7 3.43 339 7
C5H
10O
32-Methoxyethyl acetate 416 630.0 7
C5H
11Cl 1-Chloropentane 381.6 571.2 13
C5H
11Cl 2-Chloro-2-methylbutane 358.8 509.1 13
C5H
11N Piperidine 379.37 594 4.94 288 10
C5H
12Pentane 309.21 469.7 3.370 311 2
C5H
12Isopentane 301.03 460.4 3.38 306 5
C5H
12Neopentane 282.63 433.8 3.196 307 5
C5H
12O 1-Pentanol 411.13 588.1 3.897 326 4
C5H
12O 2-Pentanol 392.5 560.3 3.675 329 4
C5H
12O 3-Pentanol 389.40 559.6 325 4
C5H
12O 2-Methyl-1-butanol 400.7 575.4 3.94 4
C5H
12O 3-Methyl-1-butanol 404.3 577.2 3.93 4
C5H
12O 2-Methyl-2-butanol 375.6 543.7 3.71 4
C5H
12O 3-Methyl-2-butanol 386.1 556.1 3.87 4
C5H
12O Butyl methyl ether 343.31 512.7 3.37 329 7
C5H
12O Methyl tert-butyl ether 328.2 497.1 3.430 7
C5H
12O Ethyl propyl ether 336.36 500.2 3.370 339 7
C5H
12O
22-Propoxyethanol 423.0 615 3.65 364 7
C5H
12O
2Diethoxymethane 361 531.7 7
C5H
12O
21,2-Dimethoxypropane 369 543.0 7
C5H
12O
22,2-Dimethoxypropane 356 510 7
6-44 Critical Constants
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
C5H
12O
3Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether 466 672 3.67 11,12
C5H
12S 3-Methyl-1-butanethiol 389 594 8
C6BrF
5Bromopentafluorobenzene 410 601 3.0 9
C6ClF
5Chloropentafluorobenzene 391.11 570.81 3.238 376 9
C6Cl
2F
41,2-Dichloro-3,4,5,6-tetrafluorobenzene 430.9 626 5.32 9
C6Cl
3F
31,3,5-Trichloro-2,4,6-trifluorobenzene 471.6 684.8 3.27 448 9
C6F
6Hexafluorobenzene 353.41 516.73 3.273 335 9
C6F
10Perfluorocyclohexene 325.2 461.8 9
C6F
12Perfluoro-1-hexene 330.2 454.4 9
C6F
12Perfluorocyclohexane 325.95 457.2 2.43 9
C6F
14Perfluorohexane 329.8 448.77 1.868 606 9
C6F
14Perfluoro-2-methylpentane 330.8 455.3 1.923 532 9
C6F
14Perfluoro-3-methylpentane 331.6 450 1.69 9
C6F
14Perfluoro-2,3-dimethylbutane 333.0 463 1.87 525 9
C6HF
5Pentafluorobenzene 358.89 530.97 3.531 324 9
C6HF
5O Pentafluorophenol 418.8 609 4.0 348 9
C6HF
11Undecafluorocyclohexane 335.2 477.7 9
C6H
2F
41,2,3,4-Tetrafluorobenzene 367.5 550.83 3.791 313 9
C6H
2F
41,2,3,5-Tetrafluorobenzene 357.6 535.25 3.747 9
C6H
2F
41,2,4,5-Tetrafluorobenzene 363.4 543.35 3.801 9
C6H
3ClF
21-Chloro-2,4-difluorobenzene 400 609.6 13
C6H
3ClF
21-Chloro-2,5-difluorobenzene 401 612.5 13
C6H
3ClF
21-Chloro-3,4-difluorobenzene 400 609.2 13
C6H
3ClF
21-Chloro-3,5-difluorobenzene 391.7 592.0 13
C6H
3F
31,2,3-Trifluorobenzene 368 560.3 13
C6H
3F
31,2,4-Trifluorobenzene 363 551.1 13
C6H
3F
31,3,5-Trifluorobenzene 348.7 530.9 13
C6H
4BrF 1-Bromo-2-fluorobenzene 427 669.6 13
C6H
4BrF 1-Bromo-3-fluorobenzene 423 652.0 13
C6H
4BrF 1-Bromo-4-fluorobenzene 424.7 654.8 13
C6H
4ClF 1-Chloro-2-fluorobenzene 410.8 633.8 13
C6H
4ClF 1-Chloro-3-fluorobenzene 400.8 615.9 13
C6H
4ClF 1-Chloro-4-fluorobenzene 403 620.1 13
C6H
4Cl
2m-Dichlorobenzene 446 685.7 13
C6H
4F
2o-Difluorobenzene 367 566.0 13
C6H
4F
2m-Difluorobenzene 355.8 548.4 13
C6H
4F
2p-Difluorobenzene 362 556.9 4.40 9,13
C6H
5Br Bromobenzene 429.21 670 4.52 324 9
C6H
5Cl Chlorobenzene 404.87 633.4 4.52 308 9,13
C6H
5F Fluorobenzene 357.88 560.09 4.551 269 9
C6H
5I Iodobenzene 461.6 721 4.52 351 9
C6H
6Benzene 353.24 562.05 4.895 256 3
C6H
6O Phenol 455.02 694.2 5.93 7
C6H
7N Aniline 457.32 699 4.89 287 9
C6H
7N 2-Methylpyridine [2-Picoline] 402.53 621.0 4.60 292 10
C6H
7N 3-Methylpyridine [3-Picoline] 417.29 645.0 4.65 288 10
C6H
7N 4-Methylpyridine [4-Picoline] 418.51 645.7 4.70 292 10
C6H
101,5-Hexadiene 332.6 508 6
C6H
10Cyclohexene 356.13 560.4 6
C6H
10O Cyclohexanone 428.58 665 4.6 7
C6H
10O 2-Methylcyclopentanone 412.7 631 7
C6H
10O Mesityl oxide 403 605 4.00 353 7
C6H
10O
2Ethyl trans-2-butenoate 411 599 7
C6H
10S Diallyl sulfide 411.8 653 8
C6H
11Cl Chlorocyclohexane 415 586 13
C6H
11N Hexanenitrile 436.80 633.8 3.30 9
C6H
121-Hexene 336.63 504.0 3.21 355.1 6
C6H
12Cyclohexane 353.88 553.8 4.08 308 5
C6H
12Methylcyclopentane 345.0 532.7 3.79 318 5
C6H
12O Butyl vinyl ether 367 540 3.20 384 7
Critical Constants 6-45
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
C6H
12O Hexanal 404 592 3.46 378 7
C6H
12O 2-Hexanone [Butyl methyl ketone] 400.8 587.1 3.30 377 7
C6H
12O 3-Hexanone [Ethyl propyl ketone] 396.7 583.0 3.320 378 7
C6H
12O 4-Methyl-2-pentanone [Isobutyl methyl ketone] 389.7 574.6 3.270 7
C6H
12O 3,3-Dimethyl-2-butanone 379.3 570.9 3.43 382 7
C6H
12O Cyclohexanol 433.99 647.1 4.401 11,12
C6H
12O
2Hexanoic acid 478.4 655 3.38 413 7
C6H
12O
2Pentyl formate 403.6 576 3.46 412 7
C6H
12O
2Isopentyl formate 396.7 578 7
C6H
12O
2Butyl acetate 399.3 575.6 3.14 7
C6H
12O
2sec-Butyl acetate 385 571 3.01 7
C6H
12O
2Isobutyl acetate 389.7 561 2.99 401 7
C6H
12O
2Propyl propanoate 395.7 570 3.06 7
C6H
12O
2Ethyl butanoate 394.5 568.8 3.1 415 7
C6H
12O
2Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate 383.3 554 3.1 415 7
C6H
12O
2Methyl pentanoate 400.6 590 3.20 422 7
C6H
12O
31,2-Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 420 597.8 3.01 432 7
C6H
12O
32-Ethoxyethyl acetate 429.6 608.0 3.17 443 7,23
C6H
12O
3Paraldehyde 397.5 563 7
C6H
12S Cyclohexanethiol 432.0 684 401 8
C6H
13Cl 1-Chlorohexane 408.3 599 13
C6H
13Cl 3-Chloro-3-methylpentane 389 528 13
C6H
14Hexane 341.88 507.6 3.025 368 2
C6H
142-Methylpentane 333.41 497.7 3.04 368 5
C6H
143-Methylpentane 336.42 504.6 3.12 368 5
C6H
142,2-Dimethylbutane 322.88 489.0 3.10 358 5
C6H
142,3-Dimethylbutane 331.08 500.0 3.15 361 5
C6H
14O 2-Methoxy-2-methylbutane 359.3 535 3.20 374 7
C6H
14O 1-Hexanol 430.8 610.3 3.417 387 4
C6H
14O 2-Hexanol 413 585.9 3.31 384 4
C6H
14O 3-Hexanol 408 582.4 3.36 383 4
C6H
14O 2-Methyl-1-pentanol 422 604.4 3.45 4
C6H
14O 4-Methyl-1-pentanol 425.1 603.5 4
C6H
14O 2-Methyl-2-pentanol 394.3 559.5 4
C6H
14O 4-Methyl-2-pentanol 404.8 574.4 4
C6H
14O 2-Methyl-3-pentanol 399.7 576.0 3.46 4
C6H
14O 3-Methyl-3-pentanol 395.6 575.6 3.52 4
C6H
14O Dipropyl ether 363.23 530.6 3.028 7
C6H
14O Diisopropyl ether 341.6 500.3 2.832 386 7
C6H
14O tert-Butyl ethyl ether 345.8 509.4 2.934 395 7
C6H
14O Methyl pentyl ether 372 546.5 3.042 391 7
C6H
14O
21-Propoxy-2-propanol 423 605.1 3.051 14
C6H
14O
22-Butoxyethanol 441.6 634 3.27 424 7
C6H
14O
21,1-Diethoxyethane [Acetal] 375.40 540 3.22 7
C6H
14O
21,2-Diethoxyethane [Ethylene glycol diethyl ether] 394.4 542 7
C6H
14O
3Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether [Carbitol] 469 670 3.167 11,12
C6H
14O
3Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether 435 617 7
C6H
14O
4Triethylene glycol 558 780 3.3 7
C6H
15N Dipropylamine 382.5 555.8 3.63 9
C6H
15N Diisopropylamine 357.1 523.1 3.02 9
C6H
15N Triethylamine 362 535.6 3.032 389 9
C7F
8Perfluorotoluene 377.7 534.47 2.705 428 9
C7F
14Perfluoro-1-heptene 354.2 478.2 9
C7F
14Perfluoromethylcyclohexane 349.5 485.91 2.019 570 9
C7F
16Perfluoroheptane 355.7 474.8 1.62 664 9
C7HF
151H-Pentadecafluoroheptane 369.2 495.8 9
C7H
3F
52,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorotoluene 390.7 566.52 3.126 384 9
C7H
4BrF
31-Bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene 440.7 656.5 13
C7H
4BrF
31-Bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene 424.7 627.1 13
C7H
4BrF
31-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene 433 629.8 13
6-46 Critical Constants
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
C7H
5N Benzonitrile 464.3 699.4 4.21 9
C7H
6F
22,4-Difluorotoluene 390 581.4 13
C7H
6F
22,5-Difluorotoluene 391 587.8 13
C7H
6F
22,6-Difluorotoluene 385 581.8 13
C7H
6F
23,4-Difluorotoluene 385 598.5 13
C7H
6O Benzaldehyde 452.0 695 4.7 7
C7H
7F 2-Fluorotoluene 388 591.2 13
C7H
7F 3-Fluorotoluene 388 591.8 13
C7H
7F 4-Fluorotoluene 389.8 592.1 13
C7H
8Toluene 383.78 591.80 4.110 316 3,15
C7H
8O o-Cresol 464.19 697.6 4.17 7
C7H
8O m-Cresol 475.42 705.8 4.36 7
C7H
8O p-Cresol 475.13 704.6 4.07 7
C7H
8O Benzyl alcohol 478.46 715 4.3 9
C7H
8O Anisole [Methoxybenzene] 426.9 646.5 4.24 341 7,11,12
C7H
9N 2-Methylaniline 473.5 707 4.37 9
C7H
9N 3-Methylaniline 476.5 707 4.28 9
C7H
9N 4-Methylaniline 473.6 706 4.58 9
C7H
9N N-Methylaniline 469.4 701 5.20 9
C7H
9N 2,3-Dimethylpyridine 434.27 655.4 4.10 356 23
C7H
9N 2,4-Dimethylpyridine 431.53 647 3.95 361 23
C7H
9N 2,5-Dimethylpyridine 430.13 645 3.85 361 23
C7H
9N 2,6-Dimethylpyridine 417.16 624 3.85 361 23
C7H
9N 3,4-Dimethylpyridine 452.25 684 4.20 355 23
C7H
9N 3,5-Dimethylpyridine 444.99 668 4.05 361 23
C7H
141-Heptene 366.79 537.3 2.92 409 6
C7H
14Cycloheptane 391.6 604.2 3.82 353 5
C7H
14Methylcyclohexane 374.08 572.1 3.48 369 5
C7H
14Ethylcyclopentane 376.7 569.5 3.40 375 5
C7H
141,1-Dimethylcyclopentane 360.7 547 3.45 21
C7H
14cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane 372.7 565 3.45 21
C7H
14trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane 365.1 553 3.45 21
C7H
14cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane 364.0 551 3.45 21
C7H
14trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane 364.9 553 3.45 21
C7H
14O Heptanal 426.0 617 3.16 434 7
C7H
14O 2-Heptanone [Methyl pentyl ketone] 424.20 611.4 2.97 436 7
C7H
14O 3-Heptanone [Ethyl butyl ketone] 420 606.6 433 7
C7H
14O 4-Heptanone 417 602.0 434 7
C7H
14O 5-Methyl-2-hexanone [Methyl isopentyl ketone] 417 604.1 7
C7H
14O 2-Methyl-3-hexanone 408 593.3 7
C7H
14O
2Heptanoic acid 495.4 678 3.16 7
C7H
14O
2Pentyl acetate 422.4 599 2.73 470 7,23
C7H
14O
2Isopentyl acetate 415.7 586.1 2.76 7
C7H
14O
2Butyl propanoate 420.0 594.5 7
C7H
14O
2Isobutyl propanoate 410 584 7
C7H
14O
2Propyl butanoate 416.2 593.1 2.72 7
C7H
14O
2Propyl isobutanoate 408.6 579.4 7
C7H
14O
2Ethyl pentanoate 419.3 593.3 7
C7H
14O
2Ethyl 3-methylbutanoate 408.2 582.4 7
C7H
14O
3Ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate 439 621.0 2.66 458 7
C7H
15Cl 1-Chloroheptane 433.6 614 13
C7H
16Heptane 371.6 540.2 2.74 428 2
C7H
162-Methylhexane 363.19 530.4 2.74 421 5
C7H
163-Methylhexane 365 535.2 2.81 404 5
C7H
163-Ethylpentane 366.7 540.6 2.89 416 5
C7H
162,2-Dimethylpentane 352.4 520.5 2.77 416 5
C7H
162,3-Dimethylpentane 362.93 537.3 2.91 393 5
C7H
162,4-Dimethylpentane 353.64 519.8 2.74 418 5
C7H
163,3-Dimethylpentane 359.21 536.4 2.95 414 5
C7H
162,2,3-Trimethylbutane 354.01 531.1 2.95 398 5
Critical Constants 6-47
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
C7H
16O 2-Ethoxy-2-methylbutane 375 546 2.935 463 7
C7H
16O 1-Heptanol 449.60 632.6 3.058 435 4
C7H
16O 2-Heptanol 432 608.3 3.021 442 4
C7H
16O 3-Heptanol, (S) 430 605.4 434 4
C7H
16O 4-Heptanol 429 602.6 432 4
C7H
16O
21-Butoxy-2-propanol 444.7 624.9 2.739 14
C7H
16O
21-tert-Butoxy-2-methoxyethane 574 7
C7H
16O
22,2-Diethoxypropane 387 510.7 7
C7H
16O
3Diethylene glycol monopropyl ether 486 680 3.00 489 7
C7H
20Si
2Bis(trimethylsilyl)methane 406 573.9 1.99 8
C8F
16O Perfluoro-2-butyltetrahydrofuran 375.8 500.2 1.607 588 9
C8F
18Perfluorooctane 379.1 502 1.66 9
C8H
6S Benzo[b]thiophene 494 764 4.76 379 8
C8H
7N 4-Methylbenzonitrile 490.2 723 9
C8H
7N 1H-Indole 526.8 794 4.8 356 10
C8H
8Styrene 418 635.2 3.87 15
C8H
8O Acetophenone 475 709.6 4.01 388 7,23
C8H
8O
2Phenyl acetate 469 685.7 3.59 17
C8H
8O
3Methyl salicylate 496.1 709 7
C8H
10Ethylbenzene 409.34 617.15 3.609 374 3,15
C8H
10o-Xylene 417.7 630.3 3.732 370 3
C8H
10m-Xylene 412.27 617.0 3.541 375 3
C8H
10p-Xylene 411.52 616.2 3.511 378 3
C8H
10O 2-Ethylphenol 477.7 703.0 7
C8H
10O 3-Ethylphenol 491.6 716.4 7
C8H
10O 4-Ethylphenol 491.1 716.4 7
C8H
10O 2,3-Xylenol 490.1 722.8 7
C8H
10O 2,4-Xylenol 484.13 707.6 7
C8H
10O 2,5-Xylenol 484.3 706.9 7
C8H
10O 2,6-Xylenol 474.22 701.0 7
C8H
10O 3,4-Xylenol 500 729.8 7
C8H
10O 3,5-Xylenol 494.89 715.6 7
C8H
10O α-Methylbenzenemethanol 478 699 3.77 14
C8H
10O Ethoxybenzene 442.96 647 3.4 7
C8H
10O 2-Methylanisole 444 662.0 7
C8H
10O 3-Methylanisole 448.7 665.3 7
C8H
10O 4-Methylanisole 448.7 666 7
C8H
11N N-Ethylaniline 476.2 698 9
C8H
11N N,N-Dimethylaniline 467.30 687 3.63 9
C8H
14O
4Diethyl succinate 490.9 663 7
C8H
15N Octanenitrile 478.40 674.4 2.85 9
C8H
161-Octene 394.44 567.0 2.68 468 6
C8H
16Cyclooctane 422 647.2 3.56 410 5
C8H
16Ethylcyclohexane 405.1 609 3.04 21
C8H
16cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane 403.0 606 2.95 21
C8H
16trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane 396.7 596 2.94 21
C8H
16cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane 393.3 591 2.94 21
C8H
16trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane 397.7 598 2.94 21
C8H
16trans-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane 392.6 587.7 5
C8H
16O Octanal 444 639 2.96 488 7
C8H
16O 2-Octanone [Hexyl methyl ketone] 445.7 632.7 497 7
C8H
16O 3-Octanone [Ethyl amyl ketone] 440.7 627.7 497 7
C8H
16O 4-Octanone [Butyl propyl ketone] 436 623.8 497 7
C8H
16O 2-Methyl-3-heptanone [Butyl isopropyl ketone] 431 614.9 7
C8H
16O 5-Methyl-3-heptanone 434 619.0 7
C8H
16O
2Octanoic acid 512 693 2.87 519 7
C8H
16O
22-Ethylhexanoic acid 501 674 2.78 528 7
C8H
16O
2Hexyl acetate 444.7 618.4 7
C8H
16O
2Isopentyl propanoate 433.4 611 7
C8H
16O
2Butyl butanoate 439 612.1 7
6-48 Critical Constants
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
C8H
16O
2Isobutyl butanoate 430.1 611 7
C8H
16O
2Isobutyl isobutanoate 421.8 602 7
C8H
16O
2Propyl 3-methylbutanoate 429.1 609 7
C8H
16O
2Ethyl hexanoate 440 615.2 7
C8H
16O
2Methyl heptanoate 447 628 7
C8H
16O
32-Butoxyethyl acetate 465 640.7 2.694 549 7
C8H
16O
4Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate 491.7 673.5 2.59 17
C8H
17Cl 1-Chlorooctane 456.7 643 13
C8H
18Octane 398.82 568.7 2.49 492 2
C8H
182-Methylheptane 390.81 559.7 2.50 488 5
C8H
183-Methylheptane 392.1 563.6 2.55 464 5
C8H
184-Methylheptane 390.87 561.7 2.54 476 5
C8H
183-Ethylhexane 391.8 565.5 2.61 455 5
C8H
182,2-Dimethylhexane 380.01 549.8 2.53 478 5
C8H
182,3-Dimethylhexane 388.77 563.5 2.63 468 5
C8H
182,4-Dimethylhexane 382.7 553.5 2.56 472 5
C8H
182,5-Dimethylhexane 382.27 550.0 2.49 482 5
C8H
183,3-Dimethylhexane 385.12 562.0 2.65 443 5
C8H
183,4-Dimethylhexane 390.88 568.8 2.69 466 5
C8H
183-Ethyl-2-methylpentane 388.81 567.1 2.70 442 5
C8H
183-Ethyl-3-methylpentane 391.42 576.5 2.81 455 5
C8H
182,2,3-Trimethylpentane 383 563.5 2.73 436 5
C8H
182,2,4-Trimethylpentane [Isooctane] 372.37 543.8 2.57 468 5
C8H
182,3,3-Trimethylpentane 388.0 573.5 2.82 455 5
C8H
182,3,4-Trimethylpentane 386.7 566.4 2.73 460 5
C8H
182,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane 379.60 567.8 2.87 461 9
C8H
18O 1-Octanol 468.31 652.5 2.777 497 4
C8H
18O 2-Octanol 452.5 629.6 2.754 519 4
C8H
18O 3-Octanol 444 628.5 515 4
C8H
18O 4-Octanol 449.5 625.1 515 4
C8H
18O 4-Methyl-3-heptanol 443 623.5 4
C8H
18O 5-Methyl-3-heptanol 445 621.2 4
C8H
18O 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol 457.8 640.6 2.8 4
C8H
18O Dibutyl ether 413.43 584 3.0 7
C8H
18O Di-tert-butyl ether 380.38 550 9
C8H
18O
21-tert-Butoxy-2-ethoxyethane 421.2 585 7
C8H
18O
3Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 504 692 2.79 7
C8H
18O
3Diethylene glycol diethyl ether 461 612 7
C8H
18O
5Tetraethylene glycol 601 800 3.2 7
C8H
18S 1-Octanethiol 472.3 667 504 8
C8H
18S Dibutyl sulfide 458 650 2.48 8
C8H
19N Dibutylamine 432.8 607.5 3.11 9
C8H
19N Diisobutylamine 412.8 584.4 3.20 9
C8H
20Si Tetraethylsilane 427.9 605 2.50 587 8
C9F
20Perfluorononane 398.5 524 1.56 9
C9H
7N Quinoline 510.31 782 4.86 371 10
C9H
7N Isoquinoline 516.37 803 5.10 374 10
C9H
10Indan 451.12 684.9 3.95 3
C9H
12Propylbenzene 432.39 638.35 3.200 440 3
C9H
12Isopropylbenzene [Cumene] 425.56 631.0 3.209 3
C9H
122-Ethyltoluene 438.4 651 3.38 21
C9H
123-Ethyltoluene 434.5 637 3.25 21
C9H
124-Ethyltoluene 435 640.2 3.23 3
C9H
121,2,3-Trimethylbenzene 449.27 664.5 3.454 3
C9H
121,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 442.53 649.1 3.232 3
C9H
121,3,5-Trimethylbenzene [Mesitylene] 437.89 637.3 3.127 3
C9H
12O 2-Methoxy-1,4-dimethylbenzene 467 677.3 7
C9H
12O 1-Methoxy-2,4-dimethylbenzene 465 682 7
C9H
13N 2-Methyl-N,N-dimethylaniline 467.3 668 3.12 9
C9H
181-Nonene 420.1 594.0 526 6
Critical Constants 6-49
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
C9H
18Cyclononane 451.6 682 3.34 21
C9H
181α,3α,5β-1,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexane 413.7 602.2 5
C9H
18O Nonanal 464 659 2.68 543 7
C9H
18O 2-Nonanone [Heptyl methyl ketone] 468.5 652.2 2.48 560 7,11,12
C9H
18O 3-Nonanone [Ethyl hexyl ketone] 463 648.1 560 7
C9H
18O 4-Nonanone [Pentyl propyl ketone] 460.7 643.7 560 7
C9H
18O 5-Nonanone [Dibutyl ketone] 461.60 641.4 2.32 560 7
C9H
18O
2Nonanoic acid 527.7 712 2.35 7
C9H
18O
2Isopentyl butanoate 452 619 7
C9H
18O
2Isobutyl 3-methylbutanoate 441.7 621 7
C9H
18O
2Ethyl heptanoate 460 634 7
C9H
20Nonane 423.97 594.6 2.29 555 2
C9H
202-Methyloctane 416.4 582.8 2.31 5
C9H
202,2-Dimethylheptane 405.9 576.7 2.35 5
C9H
202,2,5-Trimethylhexane 397.24 569.8 5
C9H
202,2,3,3-Tetramethylpentane 413.4 607.5 2.74 5
C9H
202,2,3,4-Tetramethylpentane 406.2 592.6 2.60 5
C9H
202,2,4,4-Tetramethylpentane 395.44 574.6 2.49 5
C9H
202,3,3,4-Tetramethylpentane 414.7 607.5 2.72 5
C9H
20O 1-Nonanol 486.52 670.7 2.528 572 4
C9H
20O 2-Nonanol 466.7 649.6 2.53 575 4
C9H
20O 3-Nonanol 468 648.0 577 4
C9H
20O 4-Nonanol 465.7 645.1 575 4
C10
F8
Perfluoronaphthalene 482 673.1 9
C10
F18
Perfluorodecalin 415 566 1.52 9
C10
F22
Perfluorodecane 417.4 542 1.45 9
C10
H8
Naphthalene 491.1 748.4 4.05 407 3
C10
H9N 1-Naphthylamine 573.9 850 5.0 438 10
C10
H9N 2-Naphthylamine 579.4 850 4.9 438 10
C10
H12
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene [Tetralin] 480.8 720 3.65 408 4
C10
H14
Butylbenzene 456.46 660.5 2.89 497 3
C10
H14
Isobutylbenzene 445.94 650 3.05 4
C10
H14
1-Isopropyl-4-methylbenzene [p-Cymene] 450.3 652 2.8 3
C10
H14
p-Diethylbenzene 456.9 657.9 2.803 3
C10
H14
1,2,4,5-Tetramethylbenzene [Durene] 470.0 676 2.9 3
C10
H14
O Thymol 505.7 698 7
C10
H16
d-Limonene 451 653 470 6
C10
H16
α-Pinene 429.4 644 454 6
C10
H16
3-Carene, (+) 444 658 487 6
C10
H18
1,3-Decadiene 442 615 9
C10
H18
cis-Decahydronaphthalene 469.0 702.3 3.20 9
C10
H18
trans-Decahydronaphthalene 460.5 687.1 9
C10
H20
1-Decene 443.7 617 2.22 584 6
C10
H20
O Decanal 481.7 674 2.60 599 7
C10
H20
O 2-Decanone [Methyl octyl ketone] 483 671.8 625 7
C10
H20
O 3-Decanone [Ethyl heptyl ketone] 476 667.6 628 7
C10
H20
O 4-Decanone [Hexyl propyl ketone] 479.7 662.9 628 7
C10
H20
O 5-Decanone [Butyl pentyl ketone] 477 661.0 628 7
C10
H20
O 5-Methyl-2-isopropylcyclohexanol [Menthol] 489 694 9
C10
H20
O2
Decanoic acid [Capric acid] 541.9 722 2.10 638 7
C10
H20
O2
2-Ethylhexyl acetate 472 642 2.09 681 7
C10
H20
O2
Ethyl octanoate 481.7 649 7
C10
H20
O4
Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate 518 693.9 2.15 17
C10
H22
Decane 447.30 617.7 2.11 624 2
C10
H22
3,3,5-Trimethylheptane 428.9 609.5 2.32 5
C10
H22
2,2,3,3-Tetramethylhexane 433.5 623.0 2.51 5
C10
H22
2,2,5,5-Tetramethylhexane 410.6 581.4 2.19 5
C10
H22
O 1-Decanol 504.3 687.3 2.315 649 4
C10
H22
O 2-Decanol 484 668.6 646 4
C10
H22
O 3-Decanol 486 666.1 643 4
6-50 Critical Constants
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
C10
H22
O 4-Decanol 483.7 663.7 643 4
C10
H22
O 5-Decanol 474 663.2 646 4
C10
H22
S Diisopentyl sulfide 484 664 8
C11
H10
1-Methylnaphthalene 517.9 772 3.60 3
C11
H10
2-Methylnaphthalene 514.3 761 3
C11
H16
Pentylbenzene 478.6 675 2.58 16
C11
H22
O 2-Undecanone 504.7 688 692 7
C11
H22
O 3-Undecanone 500 685 692 7
C11
H22
O 4-Undecanone 681 692 7
C11
H22
O 5-Undecanone 500 679 692 7
C11
H22
O 6-Undecanone 501 678 692 7
C11
H22
O2
Undecanoic acid 728 2.13 48
C11
H22
O2
Ethyl nonanoate 500.2 664 7
C11
H24
Undecane 469.1 639 1.98 689 2
C11
H24
O 1-Undecanol 518 703.6 2.147 718 4
C12
H8
Acenaphthylene 553 792 3.20 21
C12
H8O Dibenzofuran 560 824 3.64 495 7
C12
H8S Dibenzothiophene 605.7 897 3.86 512 8
C12
H9N Carbazole 627.84 901.8 3.13 454 10
C12
H10
Biphenyl 529.3 773 3.38 497 3
C12
H10
O Diphenyl ether 531.2 767 7
C12
H12
2,7-Dimethylnaphthalene 538 775 3.23 601 3
C12
H18
Hexylbenzene 499.3 695 2.35 16
C12
H18
Hexamethylbenzene 536.6 758 3
C12
H20
O [1,1’-Bicyclohexyl]-2-one 537 787 7
C12
H24
1-Dodecene 487.0 658 1.93 6
C12
H24
O 2-Dodecanone 519.7 702 752 7
C12
H24
O 3-Dodecanone 701 752 7
C12
H24
O 4-Dodecanone 697 759 7
C12
H24
O 5-Dodecanone 695 759 7
C12
H24
O 6-Dodecanone 694 762 7
C12
H24
O2
Dodecanoic acid 743 1.93 48
C12
H26
Dodecane 489.47 658 1.82 754 2
C12
H26
O 1-Dodecanol 533 719.4 1.994 4
C13
H9N Acridine 618.01 891.1 3.21 548 10
C13
H9N Phenanthridine 622.1 895 3.6 548 10
C13
H10
O Benzophenone 578.6 830 3.35 568 7
C13
H11
N 9-Methyl-9H-carbazole 616.79 890 3.38 572 10
C13
H12
Diphenylmethane 538.2 760 2.71 563 3
C13
H20
Heptylbenzene 513 708 2.14 16
C13
H26
O 2-Tridecanone 536 717 820 7
C13
H26
O 3-Tridecanone 716 823 7
C13
H26
O 4-Tridecanone 712 823 7
C13
H26
O 5-Tridecanone 710 826 7
C13
H26
O 6-Tridecanone 709 826 7
C13
H26
O 7-Tridecanone 534 708 830 7
C14
H28
O2
Tridecanoic acid 763 1.64 48
C13
H26
O2
Methyl dodecanoate 540 712 7
C13
H28
Tridecane 508.62 675 1.68 823 2
C13
H28
O 1-Tridecanol 547 734 1.935 9
C14
H10
Anthracene 613.1 869.3 554 9
C14
H10
Phenanthrene 613 869 4
C14
H22
Octylbenzene 537 725 1.98 16
C14
H28
O 2-Tetradecanone 728 896 7
C14
H28
O 3-Tetradecanone 727 896 7
C14
H28
O 4-Tetradecanone 725 900 7
C14
H28
O 7-Tetradecanone 723 904 7
C14
H28
O2
Tetradecanoic acid 763 1.64 48
C14
H30
Tetradecane 526.73 693 1.57 894 2
C14
H30
O 1-Tetradecanol 560 747 1.81 9
Critical Constants 6-51
Molecular
formula Name Tb/K T
c/K P
c/MPa V
c/cm3 mol-1 Ref.
C15
H30
O2
Pentadecanoic acid 777 1.57 48
C15
H32
Pentadecane 543.8 708 1.48 966 2
C16
H26
Decylbenzene 566 752 1.72 16
C16
H32
O2
Hexadecanoic acid 785 1.49 48
C16
H34
Hexadecane 560.01 723 1.40 1034 2
C16
H34
2,2,4,4,6,8,8-Heptamethylnonane 519.5 692 5
C16
H34
O 1-Hexadecanol 585 770 1.61 9
C17
H28
Undecylbenzene 589 763 1.64 16
C17
H34
O2
Heptadecanoic acid 792 1.37 48
C17
H36
Heptadecane 575.2 736 1.34 1103 2
C17
H36
O 1-Heptadecanol 597 780 1.50 9
C18
H14
o-Terphenyl 605 857 2.99 731 3
C18
H14
m-Terphenyl 636 883 2.48 724 3
C18
H14
p-Terphenyl 649 908 2.99 729 3
C18
H36
O2
Octadecanoic acid 803 1.33 48
C18
H38
Octadecane 589.5 747 1.29 1189 2
C18
H38
O 1-Octadecanol 608 790 1.44 9
C19
H32
Tridecylbenzene 619 790 1.54 16
C19
H40
Nonadecane 603.1 755 1.16 3
C20
H40
O2
Eicosanoic acid 820 1.20 48
C20
H42
Eicosane 616 768 1.07 3
C20
H42
O 1-Eicosanol [Arachic alcohol] 629 809 1.30 9
C21
H44
Heneicosane 629.7 778 1.03 2
C22
H44
O2
Docosanoic acid 837 1.11 48
C22
H46
Docosane 641.8 786 0.98 2
C23
H48
Tricosane 653 790 0.92 2
C24
H50
Tetracosane 664.5 800 0.87 2
C30
H50
Squalene 694.5 795.9 0.59 15
6-52 Critical Constants
IUPAC RECOMMENDED DATA FOR VAPOR PRESSURE CALIBRATION
These precise vapor pressure values are recommended as sec-ondary standards. Values are given in kPa (1 kPa = 0.0098692 atm = 7.5006 Torr). Reprinted by permission of IUPAC.
References
1. Marsh, K.N., Ed., Recommended Reference Materials for the Realization
of Physicochemical Properties, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1987.
2. Ruzicka, K., Fulem, M., and Ruzicka, V., “Recommended Vapor Pressure of Solid Naphthalene”, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 50, 1956–1970, 2005.
T/K CO2(s) H
2O(s) C
10H
8(s) n–C
5H
12C
6H
6C
6F
6H
2O Hg
180 27.62 3.04·10-11
190 68.44 4.33·10-10
200 155.11 0.0002 4.69·10-9
210 327.17 0.0007 4.02·10-8
220 0.0026 2.82·10-7
230 0.0089 1.66·10-6
240 0.0273 8.37·10-6
250 0.0760 3.69·10-5 7.60
260 0.1958 1.446·10-4 12.98
270 0.4701 5.09·10-4 21.15 0.485
280 0.00163 33.11 5.148 4.322 0.991
290 0.004798 50.01 8.606 7.463 1.919
300 0.01308 73.17 13.816 12.328 3.535
310 0.03328 104.07 21.389 19.576 6.228
320 0.07956 144.3 32.054 30.009 10.540
330 0.1797 195.7 46.656 44.578 17.202
340 0.3854 260.1 66.152 64.380 27.167
350 0.7884 339.4 91.609 90.664 41.647
360 435.9 124.192 124.816 62.139
370 551.5 165.2 168.4 90.453
380 688.8 215.9 223.0 128.74
390 850.2 277.7 290.4 179.48
400 1038 353.2 372.6 245.54 0.138
410 1256 441.0 471.5 330.15 0.215
420 1507 545.5 589.3 436.89 0.329
430 1793 667.6 728.3 569.73 0.493
440 2120 808.8 890.9 732.99 0.724
450 2490 971.1 1080 931.36 1.045
460 2910 1156 1297 1169.9 1.485
470 1366 1547 1453.9 2.078
480 1602 1833 1789.0 2.866
490 1868 2159 2181.4 3.899
500 2164 2530 2637.3 5.239
510 2494 2954 3163.3 6.955
520 2861 3766.4 9.131
530 3267 4453.9 11.861
540 3717 5233.5 15.256
550 4216 6113.4 19.438
560 4770 7102.0 25.547
570 8208.6 30.74
580 9443.0 38.19
590 10816 47.09
600 12339 57.64
6-94
ENTHALPY OF FUSION
This table lists the molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion, Δfus
H, of over 1100 inorganic and organic compounds. All values refer to the enthalpy change at equilibrium between the liquid phase and the most stable solid phase at the phase transition temperature. Most values of Δ
fusH are given at the normal melting point t
m. However,
a “t” following the entry in the melting point column indicate a triple-point temperature, where the solid, liquid, and gas phases are in equilibrium. Temperatures are given on the ITS-90 scale.
A * following an entry indicates that the value includes the en-thalpy of transition between crystalline phases whose transforma-tion occurs within 1°C of the melting point.
Substances are listed by name, either an IUPAC systematic name or, in the case of drugs and other complex compounds, a common synonym. Inorganic compounds, including metal salts of organic acids, are listed first, followed by organic compounds. The molecular formula in the Hill convention is included.
References
1. Chase, M. W., Davies, C. A., Downey, J. R., Frurip, D. J., McDonald, R. A., and Syverud, A. N., JANAF Thermochemical Tables, Third Edition,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 14, Suppl. 1, 1985. 2. Chase, M. W., NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J.
Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph No. 9, 1998. 3. Gurvich, L. V., Veyts, I. V., and Alcock, C. B., Thermodynamic
Properties of Individual Substances, Fourth Edition; Vol. 2, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1991; Vol. 3, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1994.
4. Dinsdale, A. T., “SGTE Data for Pure Elements”, CALPHAD, 15, 317-425, 1991.
5. Landolt-Börnstein, Numerical Data and Functional Relationships
in Science and Technology, New Series, IV/8A, “Enthalpies of Fusion and Transition of Organic Compounds”, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1995.
6. Landolt-Börnstein, Numerical Data and Functional Relationships
in Science and Technology, New Series, IV/19A, “Thermodynamic Properties of Inorganic Materials compiled by SGTE”, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg; Part 1, 1999; Part 2; 1999; Part 3, 2000; Part 4, 2001.
7. Janz, G. J., et al., Physical Properties Data Compilations Relevant to
Energy Storage. II. Molten Salts, Nat. Stand. Ref. Data Sys.- Nat. Bur. Standards (U.S.), No. 61, Part 2, 1979.
8. Dirand, M., Bouroukba, M., Chevallier, V., Petitjean, D., Behar, E., and Ruffier-Meray, V., “Normal Alkanes, Multialkane Synthetic Model Mixtures, and Real Petroleum Waxes: Crystallographic Structures, Thermodynamic Properties, and Crystallization”, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 47, 115-143, 2002.
9. Linstrom, P. J., and Mallard, W. G., Editors, NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database No. 69, June 2005, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, <http://webbook.nist.gov>.
10. Thermodynamic Research Center, National Institute of Standards and Technology, TRC Thermodynamic Tables, <http://trc.nist.gov>.
11. Sangster, J., “Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamic Properties of Binary Systems of Drugs”, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 28, 889, 1999.
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Inorganic compounds (including salts of organic acids)
Actinium Ac 1050 12.0
Aluminum Al 660.32 10.71
Aluminum bromide AlBr3
97.5 11.25
Aluminum chloride AlCl3
192.6 35.35
Aluminum fluoride AlF3
2250 t 0.56
Aluminum iodide AlI3
188.28 15.90
Aluminum oxide (α) Al2O
32054 111.1
Aluminum sulfide Al2S
31100 66
Americium Am 1176 14.39
Ammonia H3N -77.73 5.66
Ammonium chloride ClH4N 520.1 10.6
Ammonium fluoride FH4N 238 12.6
Ammonium iodide H4IN 551 21
Ammonium nitrate H4N
2O
3169.7 5.86
Antimony (gray) Sb 630.628 19.79
Antimony(III) bromide Br3Sb 97 14.6
Antimony(III) chloride Cl3Sb 73.4 12.97
Antimony(III) fluoride F3Sb 287 22.8
Antimony(III) iodide I3Sb 171 22.8
Antimony(III) oxide (valentinite)
O3Sb
2655 54
Antimony(III) sulfide S3Sb
2550 47.9
Argon Ar -189.36 1.18
Arsenic (gray) As 817 24.44
Arsenic(III) bromide AsBr3
31.1 11.7
Arsenic(III) chloride AsCl3
-16 10.1
Arsenic(III) fluoride AsF3
-5.9 10.4
Arsenic(III) iodide AsI3
141 21.8
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Arsenic(III) oxide (claudetite) As2O
3314 18
Arsenic(V) oxide As2O
5730 60
Arsenic(III) selenide As2Se
3377 40.8
Arsenic(III) sulfide As2S
3312 28.7
Arsenic sulfide As4S
4307 25.4
Arsenic(III) telluride As2Te
3375 46.0
Barium Ba 727 7.12
Barium bromide BaBr2
857 32.2
Barium carbonate CBaO3
1555 (high pres.)
40
Barium chloride BaCl2
961 15.85
Barium fluoride BaF2
1368 23.36
Barium hydride BaH2
1200 25
Barium hydroxide BaH2O
2408 16
Barium iodide BaI2
711 26.5
Barium oxide BaO 1973 46
Barium sulfate BaO4S 1580 40
Barium sulfide BaS 2227 63
Beryllium Be 1287 7.895
Beryllium bromide BeBr2
508 18
Beryllium carbide CBe2
2127 75.3
Beryllium chloride BeCl2
415 8.66
Beryllium fluoride BeF2
552 4.77
Beryllium iodide BeI2
480 20.92
Beryllium nitride Be3N
22200 111
Beryllium oxide BeO 2578 86
Beryllium sulfate BeO4S 1127 6
Bismuth Bi 271.406 11.106
Bismuth oxide Bi2O
3825 14.7
6-110
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Bismuth sulfide Bi2S
3777 78.2
Bismuth tribromide BiBr3
219 21.7
Bismuth trichloride BiCl3
234 23.6
Bismuth trifluoride BiF3
649 21.6
Bismuth triiodide BiI3
408.6 39.1
Boric acid BH3O
3170.9 22.3
Boron B 2075 50.2
Boron nitride BN 2967 81
Boron oxide B2O
3450 24.56
Boron sulfide B2S
3563 48.12
Boron trichloride BCl3
-107.3 2.10
Boron trifluoride BF3
-126.8 4.20
Bromine Br2
-7.2 10.57
Bromine pentafluoride BrF5
-60.5 5.67
Cadmium Cd 321.069 6.21
Cadmium bromide Br2Cd 568 33.35
Cadmium chloride CdCl2
568 48.58
Cadmium fluoride CdF2
1075 22.6
Cadmium iodide CdI2
388 15.3
Cadmium nitrate CdN2O
6360 18.3
Calcium Ca 842 8.54
Calcium bromide Br2Ca 742 29.1
Calcium carbonate (calcite) CCaO3
1330 36
Calcium chloride CaCl2
775 28.05
Calcium fluoride CaF2
1418 30
Calcium hydride CaH2
1000 6.7
Calcium iodide CaI2
783 41.8
Calcium nitrate CaN2O
6561 23.4
Calcium oxide CaO 2613 80
Calcium sulfate CaO4S 1460 28
Calcium sulfide CaS 2524 70
Carbon (graphite) C 4489 117.4
Cerium Ce 799 5.460
Cerium(III) bromide Br3Ce 732 51.9
Cerium(III) chloride CeCl3
807 53.1
Cerium(III) fluoride CeF3
1430 55.6
Cerium(III) iodide CeI3
760 51.0
Cerium(III) oxide Ce2O
32250 120
Cerium(IV) oxide CeO2
2480 80
Cesium Cs 28.5 2.09
Cesium carbonate CCs2O
3793 31
Cesium chloride ClCs 646 20.4
Cesium chromate CrCs2O
4963 35.3
Cesium fluoride CsF 703 21.7
Cesium hydride CsH 528 15
Cesium hydroxide CsHO 342.3 7.78
Cesium iodide CsI 632 25.7
Cesium metaborate BCsO2
732 27
Cesium molybdate Cs2MoO
4956.3 31.8
Cesium nitrate CsNO3
409 13.8
Cesium nitrite CsNO2
406 10.9
Cesium oxide Cs2O 495 20
Cesium peroxide Cs2O
2594 22
Cesium sulfate Cs2O
4S 1005 35.7
Chlorine Cl2
-101.5 6.40
Chromium Cr 1907 21.00
Chromium(II) bromide Br2Cr 842 45
Chromium(III) bromide Br3Cr 812 60
Chromium(II) chloride Cl2Cr 824 45.0
Chromium(III) chloride Cl3Cr 827 60
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Chromium(II) fluoride CrF2
894 34
Chromium(III) fluoride CrF3
1425 66
Chromium(II) iodide CrI2
867 46
Chromium(III) iodide CrI3
857 61
Chromium(III) oxide Cr2O
32432 125
Chromium(VI) oxide CrO3
197 14.2
Chromium(II) sulfide CrS 1567 25.5
Cobalt Co 1495 16.20
Cobalt(II) bromide Br2Co 678 43
Cobalt(II) chloride Cl2Co 737 46.0
Cobalt(II) fluoride CoF2
1127 58.1
Cobalt(II) iodide CoI2
520 35
Cobalt(II) selenite CoO3Se 659 16.3
Cobalt(II) sulfide CoS 1117 30
Copper Cu 1084.62 13.26
Copper(I) bromide BrCu 483 5.1
Copper(I) chloride ClCu 423 7.08
Copper(II) chloride Cl2Cu 598 15.0
Copper(II) fluoride CuF2
836 55
Copper(I) iodide CuI 591 7.93
Copper(I) oxide Cu2O 1244 65.6
Copper(II) oxide CuO 1227 49
Copper(I) sulfide Cu2S 1129 9.62
Curium Cm 1345 14.64
Decaborane(14) B10
H14
98.78 21.97
Dysprosium Dy 1412 11.35
Dysprosium(III) fluoride DyF3
1157 58.6
Dysprosium(III) oxide Dy2O
32408 120
Einsteinium Es 860 9.41
Erbium Er 1529 19.90
Erbium chloride Cl3Er 776 32.6
Erbium fluoride ErF3
1146 28.2
Erbium oxide Er2O
32418 130
Europium Eu 822 9.21
Europium(II) bromide Br2Eu 683 25.1
Europium(III) chloride Cl3Eu 623 33.1
Europium(III) fluoride EuF3
647 6.40
Europium (II) oxide EuO 1967 40
Europium(III) oxide Eu2O
32350 117
Fluorine F2
-219.67 0.51
Gadolinium Gd 1313 9.67
Gadolinium(III) bromide Br3Gd 785 38.1
Gadolinium(III) chloride Cl3Gd 602 40.6
Gadolinium(III) fluoride F3Gd 1232 52.4
Gadolinium(III) iodide GdI3
930 54.0
Gadolinium(III) oxide Gd2O
32425 60
Gallium Ga 29.7666 5.585
Gallium antimonide GaSb 712 25.1
Gallium arsenide AsGa 1238 87.64
Gallium(III) bromide Br3Ga 123 11.7
Gallium(III) chloride Cl3Ga 77.9 11.51
Gallium(III) iodide GaI3
212 12.9
Gallium(III) oxide Ga2O
31807 100
Germanium Ge 938.25 36.94
Germanium(IV) bromide Br4Ge 26.1 12
Germanium(II) iodide GeI2
428 33.3
Germanium(IV) iodide GeI4
146 19.1
Germanium(IV) oxide GeO2
1116 12.6
Germanium(II) selenide GeSe 675 24.7
Germanium(II) sulfide GeS 658 21.3
Enthalpy of Fusion 6-111
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Germanium(IV) sulfide GeS2
840 16.3
Germanium(II) telluride GeTe 724 47.3
Gold Au 1064.18 12.55
Hafnium Hf 2233 27.20
Hafnium nitride HfN 3310 62.8
Hafnium(IV) oxide HfO2
2800 96
Holmium Ho 1472 11.76
Holmium bromide Br3Ho 919 50.1
Holmium chloride Cl3Ho 720 30.5
Holmium fluoride F3Ho 1143 56.3
Holmium oxide Ho2O
32415 130
Hydrazine H4N
21.54 12.66
Hydrogen H2
-259.198 t 0.12
Hydrogen bromide BrH -86.80 2.41
Hydrogen chloride ClH -114.17 2.00
Hydrogen fluoride FH -83.36 4.58
Hydrogen iodide HI -50.76 2.87
Hydrogen peroxide H2O
2-0.43 12.50
Hydrogen sulfide H2S -85.5 2.38
Indium In 156.60 3.291
Indium antimonide InSb 524 47.7
Indium arsenide AsIn 942 77.0
Indium(I) bromide BrIn 285 24.3
Indium(III) bromide Br3In 420 26
Indium(I) chloride ClIn 225 9.20
Indium(III) chloride Cl3In 583 27
Indium(III) fluoride F3In 1172 64
Indium(I) iodide IIn 364.4 17.26
Indium(II) iodide I2In 155 1.29
Indium(III) iodide I3In 207 18.48
Indium(III) oxide In2O
31912 105
Indium(II) sulfide InS 692 36.0
Iodine I2
113.7 15.52
Iodine chloride ClI 27.38 11.6
Iridium Ir 2446 41.12
Iridium(VI) fluoride F6Ir 44 8.40
Iron Fe 1538 13.81
Iron boride (FeB) BFe 1658 62.66
Iron(II) bromide Br2Fe 691 43.0
Iron(II) chloride Cl2Fe 677 42.83
Iron(III) chloride Cl3Fe 307.6 40
Iron(II) fluoride F2Fe 1100 50
Iron(III) fluoride F3Fe 367 0.58
Iron(II) iodide FeI2
594 39
Iron(II) oxide FeO 1377 24.1
Iron(II,III) oxide Fe3O
41597 138
Iron(III) oxide Fe2O
31539 87
Iron sodium oxide FeNaO2
1347 49.4
Iron(II) sulfide FeS 1188 31.5
Krypton Kr -157.38 1.64
Lanthanum La 920 6.20
Lanthanum bromide Br3La 788 54.0
Lanthanum chloride Cl3La 858 54.4
Lanthanum fluoride F3La 1493 50.2
Lanthanum iodide I3La 778 56.1
Lead Pb 327.462 4.774
Lead(II) bromide Br2Pb 371 16.44
Lead(II) chloride Cl2Pb 501 21.88
Lead(II) fluoride F2Pb 830 14.7
Lead(II) iodide I2Pb 410 23.4
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Lead(II) oxide (massicot) OPb 887 25.6
Lead(II) sulfate O4PbS 1087 40.2
Lead(II) sulfide PbS 1113 49.4
Lithium Li 180.50 3.00
Lithium aluminate AlLiO2
1610 87.9
Lithium bromide BrLi 550 17.66
Lithium carbonate CLi2O
3732 44.8
Lithium chloride ClLi 610 19.8
Lithium chromate CrLi2O
4482 30.5
Lithium fluoride FLi 848.2 27.09
Lithium hexafluoroaluminate AlF6Li
3785 86.19
Lithium hydride HLi 692 21.8
Lithium hydride-d DLi 694 22
Lithium hydroxide HLiO 473 20.9
Lithium iodide ILi 469 14.6
Lithium metasilicate Li2O
3Si 1201 28
Lithium nitrate LiNO3
253 26.7
Lithium nitrite LiNO2
222 9.2
Lithium oxide Li2O 1437 35.6
Lithium perchlorate ClLiO4
236 29.3
Lithium sulfate Li2O
4S 860 9.00
Lutetium Lu 1663 18.65
Lutetium oxide Lu2O
32490 133
Magnesium Mg 650 8.48
Magnesium bromide Br2Mg 711 39.3
Magnesium carbonate CMgO3
990 59
Magnesium chloride Cl2Mg 714 43.1
Magnesium fluoride F2Mg 1263 58.7
Magnesium hydride H2Mg 327 14
Magnesium iodide I2Mg 634 26
Magnesium orthosilicate Mg2O
4Si 1897 71
Magnesium oxide MgO 2825 77
Magnesium phosphate Mg3O
8P
21348 121
Magnesium sulfate MgO4S 1137 14.6
Magnesium sulfide MgS 2226 63
Magnesium tetraboride B4Mg 727 0.0
Manganese Mn 1246 12.91
Manganese(II) bromide Br2Mn 698 33.5
Manganese(II) chloride Cl2Mn 650 30.7
Manganese(II) fluoride F2Mn 900 30
Manganese(II) iodide I2Mn 638 41.8
Manganese(II) oxide MnO 1842 43.9
Manganese(II) sulfide (α form) MnS 1530 26.1
Mercury Hg -38.829 2.295
Mercury(II) bromide Br2Hg 241 17.9
Mercury(II) chloride Cl2Hg 277 19.41
Mercury(II) fluoride F2Hg 645 23.0
Mercury(I) iodide Hg2I
2290 31.4
Mercury(II) iodide (yellow) HgI2
256 15.6
Mercury(II) sulfide (black) HgS 820 40
Metaboric acid (γ form) BHO2
236 14.3
Molybdenum Mo 2623 37.48
Molybdenum boride (Mo2B
5) B
5Mo
22210 226
Molybdenum(IV) chloride Cl4Mo 317 16.7
Molybdenum(V) chloride Cl5Mo 194 19
Molybdenum(VI) dioxydichloride
Cl2MoO
2176 17.0
Molybdenum(V) fluoride F5Mo 45.67 6.1
Molybdenum(VI) fluoride F6Mo 17.5 4.33
Molybdenum monoboride BMo 2600 55.23
Molybdenum(VI) oxide MoO3
802 48.7
6-112 Enthalpy of Fusion
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Molybdenum(VI) oxytetrachloride
Cl4MoO 105 14.3
Molybdenum(VI) oxytetrafluoride
F4MoO 97.2 4
Molybdenum(V) oxytrichloride
Cl3MoO 310 22
Molybdenum(III) sulfide Mo2S
31807 0.13
Neodymium Nd 1016 7.14
Neodymium(III) bromide Br3Nd 682 45.3
Neodymium(III) chloride Cl3Nd 759 48.5
Neodymium(III) fluoride F3Nd 1377 54.8
Neodymium(III) iodide I3Nd 787 41.5
Neon Ne -248.609 0.328
Neptunium Np 644 3.20
Nickel Ni 1455 17.48
Nickel boride (Ni2B) BNi
21125 42.15
Nickel boride (Ni3B) BNi
31166 72.28
Nickel(II) bromide Br2Ni 963 56
Nickel(II) chloride Cl2Ni 1031 77.9
Nickel(II) fluoride F2Ni 1380 69
Nickel(II) iodide I2Ni 800 48
Nickel(II) oxide NiO 1957 50.7
Nickel(II) sulfide NiS 976 30.1
Nickel disulfide NiS2
1007 65.7
Nickel subsulfide Ni3S
2789 19.7
Niobium Nb 2477 30
Niobium(V) bromide Br5Nb 254 24.0
Niobium(V) chloride Cl5Nb 205.8 33.9
Niobium(V) fluoride F5Nb 80 12.2
Niobium(V) iodide I5Nb 327 37.7
Niobium nitride NNb 2050 46.0
Niobium(II) oxide NbO 1937 85.4
Niobium(IV) oxide NbO2
1901 92
Niobium(V) oxide Nb2O
51512 104.3
Nitric acid HNO3
-41.6 10.5
Nitric oxide NO -163.6 2.30
Nitrogen N2
-210.0 0.71
Nitrogen tetroxide N2O
4-9.3 14.65
Nitrous oxide N2O -90.8 6.54
Osmium Os 3033 57.85
Osmium(VIII) oxide O4Os 40.6 14.3
Oxygen O2
-218.79 0.44
Palladium Pd 1554.8 16.74
Palladium(II) chloride Cl2Pd 679 18.41
Phosphinic acid H3O
2P 26.5 9.7
Phosphonic acid H3O
3P 74.4 12.8
Phosphoric acid H3O
4P 42.4 13.4
Phosphorus (white) P 44.15 0.659
Phosphorus (red) P 579.2 18.54
Phosphorus(III) chloride Cl3P -93 7.10
Phosphorus heptasulfide P4S
7308 36.6
Phosphorus(V) oxide O5P
2562 27.2
Phosphorus sesquisulfide P4S
3173 20.1
Phosphoryl chloride Cl3OP 1.18 13.1
Platinum Pt 1768.2 22.175
Plutonium Pu 640 2.824
Plutonium(III) bromide Br3Pu 681 58.6
Plutonium(III) chloride Cl3Pu 760 63.6
Plutonium(III) fluoride F3Pu 1396 59.8
Plutonium(IV) fluoride F4Pu 1037 42.7
Plutonium(VI) fluoride F6Pu 51.6 18.6
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Plutonium(III) iodide I3Pu 777 50.2
Plutonium(III) oxide O3Pu
22085 113
Plutonium(IV) oxide O2Pu 2390 67
Polonium Po 254 10.0
Potassium K 63.5 2.335
Potassium aluminate AlKO2
1713 82
Potassium bromide BrK 734 25.52
Potassium carbonate CK2O
3899 27.6
Potassium chloride ClK 771 26.28
Potassium chromate CrK2O
4974 33.0
Potassium cyanide CKN 622 14.6
Potassium fluoride FK 858 27.2
Potassium fluoroborate BF4K 570 17.66
Potassium hydride HK 619 21
Potassium hydrogen fluoride F2HK 238.8 6.62
Potassium hydroxide HKO 406 7.90
Potassium iodide IK 681 24.0
Potassium metaborate BKO2
947 31.38
Potassium nitrate KNO3
334 9.6
Potassium nitrite KNO2
438 16.7
Potassium oxide K2O 740 27
Potassium peroxide K2O
2545 20.5
Potassium sulfate K2O
4S 1069 36.6
Potassium sulfide K2S 948 16.15
Potassium superoxide KO2
535 20.6
Praseodymium Pr 931 6.89
Praseodymium(III) bromide Br3Pr 693 47.3
Praseodymium(III) chloride Cl3Pr 786 50.6
Praseodymium(III) fluoride F3Pr 1399 57.3
Praseodymium(III) iodide I3Pr 738 53.1
Protactinium Pa 1572 12.34
Radium Ra 696 7.7
Rhenium Re 3185 34.08
Rhenium(VII) oxide O7Re
2327 65.7
Rhodium Rh 1964 26.59
Rubidium Rb 39.30 2.19
Rubidium bromide BrRb 692 23.3
Rubidium carbonate CO3Rb
2873 30
Rubidium chloride ClRb 724 24.4
Rubidium fluoride FRb 795 25.8
Rubidium hydride HRb 585 22
Rubidium hydroxide HORb 385 8.0
Rubidium iodide IRb 656 22.1
Rubidium metaborate BO2Rb 860 31
Rubidium nitrate NO3Rb 310 4.6
Rubidium nitrite NO2Rb 422 12.1
Rubidium oxide ORb2
505 20
Rubidium peroxide O2Rb
2570 21
Rubidium sulfate O4Rb
2S 1066 37.3
Rubidium superoxide O2Rb 540 21
Ruthenium Ru 2334 38.59
Ruthenium(V) fluoride F5Ru 101 74.5
Samarium Sm 1072 8.62
Samarium(III) oxide O3Sm
22335 119
Scandium Sc 1541 14.10
Scandium chloride Cl3Sc 967 67.4
Scandium fluoride F3Sc 1552 62.6
Scandium oxide O3Sc
22489 127
Selenium (gray) Se 220.8 6.69
Selenium dioxide O2Se 360 17.6
Enthalpy of Fusion 6-113
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Silicon Si 1414 50.21
Silicon dioxide (cristobalite) O2Si 1722 9.6
Silicon monosulfide SSi 1090 31
Silver Ag 961.78 11.30
Silver(I) bromide AgBr 430 9.163
Silver(I) chloride AgCl 455 13.054
Silver(I) iodide AgI 558 9.414
Silver(I) nitrate AgNO3
210 11.72
Silver(I) oxide Ag2O 827 15
Silver(I) sulfate Ag2O
4S 660 17.99
Silver(I) sulfide Ag2S 836 7.9
Sodium Na 97.794 2.60
Sodium bromate BrNaO3
381 28.11
Sodium bromide BrNa 747 26.23
Sodium carbonate CNa2O
3856 29.7
Sodium chlorate ClNaO3
248 22.6
Sodium chloride ClNa 800.7 28.16
Sodium chromate CrNa2O
4794 24.7
Sodium cyanide CNNa 562 8.79
Sodium fluoride FNa 996 33.35
Sodium formate CHNaO2
257.3 17.7
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate AlF6Na
31013 114.4
Sodium hexafluorosilicate F6Na
2Si 847 99.6
Sodium hydride HNa 638 26
Sodium hydroxide HNaO 323 6.60
Sodium iodate INaO3
422 35.1
Sodium iodide INa 661 23.7
Sodium metaborate BNaO2
966 36.2
Sodium metasilicate Na2O
3Si 1089 51.8
Sodium nitrate NNaO3
306.5 15.5
Sodium nitrite NNaO2
284 14.9
Sodium oxide Na2O 1134 47.7
Sodium peroxide Na2O
2675 24.5
Sodium sulfate Na2O
4S 884 23.85
Sodium sulfide Na2S 1172 19
Sodium sulfite Na2O
3S 911 25.9
Strontium Sr 777 7.43
Strontium bromide Br2Sr 657 10.5
Strontium carbonate CO3Sr 1494 40
Strontium chloride Cl2Sr 874 16.22
Strontium fluoride F2Sr 1477 29.7
Strontium hydride H2Sr 1050 23
Strontium hydroxide H2O
2Sr 535 23
Strontium iodide I2Sr 538 19.7
Strontium nitrate N2O
6Sr 570 44.6
Strontium oxide OSr 2531 81
Strontium sulfate O4SSr 1606 36
Strontium sulfide SSr 2226 63
Sulfur (monoclinic) S 115.21 1.721
Sulfur hexafluoride F6S -49.596 5.02
Sulfuric acid H2O
4S 10.31 10.71
Sulfur trioxide (γ-form) O3S 16.8 8.60
Tantalum Ta 3017 36.57
Tantalum boride (TaB2) B
2Ta 3100 83.68
Tantalum(V) bromide Br5Ta 240 37.7
Tantalum(V) chloride Cl5Ta 216.6 35.1
Tantalum(V) fluoride F5Ta 96.9 12
Tantalum(V) iodide I5Ta 496 7.74
Tantalum nitride (TaN) NTa 3090 6.7
Tantalum nitride (Ta2N) NTa
22727 92.0
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Tantalum(V) oxide O5Ta
21875 120
Technetium Tc 2157 33.29
Tellurium Te 449.51 17.38
Tellurium dioxide O2Te 733 28.9
Tellurium tetrabromide Br4Te 380 24.7
Tellurium tetrachloride Cl4Te 224 18.9
Terbium Tb 1359 10.15
Terbium(III) bromide Br3Tb 830 31.5
Terbium(III) chloride Cl3Tb 582 19.5
Tetrachlorosilane Cl4Si -68.74 7.60
Tetraiodosilane I4Si 120.5 19.7
Thallium Tl 304 4.142
Thallium(I) bromide BrTl 460 16.4
Thallium(I) carbonate CO3Tl
2273 18
Thallium(I) chloride ClTl 431 15.56
Thallium(I) fluoride FTl 326 13.87
Thallium(I) formate CHO2Tl 101 10.9
Thallium(I) iodide ITl 441.7 14.7
Thallium(I) nitrate NO3Tl 206 9.6
Thallium(I) oxide OTl2
579 30.3
Thallium(III) oxide O3Tl
2834 53
Thallium(I) sulfate O4STl
2632 23.8
Thallium(I) sulfide STl2
457 23.0
Thorium Th 1750 13.81
Thorium(IV) bromide Br4Th 679 54.4
Thorium(IV) chloride Cl4Th 770 43.9
Thorium(IV) fluoride F4Th 1110 41.8
Thorium(IV) iodide I4Th 566 48.1
Thorium(IV) oxide O2Th 3350 90
Thulium Tm 1545 16.84
Thulium(III) chloride Cl3Tm 845 34.9
Thulium(III) fluoride F3Tm 1158 28.9
Tin (white) Sn 231.93 7.148
Tin(II) bromide Br2Sn 232 18.0
Tin(IV) bromide Br4Sn 29.1 12.2
Tin(II) chloride Cl2Sn 247.0 14.52
Tin(IV) chloride Cl4Sn -34.07 9.20
Tin(II) fluoride F2Sn 215 10.5
Tin(IV) fluoride F4Sn 442 27.6
Tin(II) iodide I2Sn 320 18.0
Tin(IV) iodide I4Sn 402 0.16
Tin(II) oxide OSn 977 27.7
Tin(IV) oxide O2Sn 1630 23.4
Tin(II) sulfide SSn 881 31.6
Tin(II) telluride SnTe 806 45.2
Titanium Ti 1668 14.15
Titanium boride B2Ti 2920 100.4
Titanium(IV) bromide Br4Ti 38.3 12.9
Titanium(II) chloride Cl2Ti 1035 34.3
Titanium(IV) chloride Cl4Ti -24.12 9.97
Titanium(IV) fluoride F4Ti 377 41
Titanium(IV) iodide I4Ti 155 19.8
Titanium nitride NTi 2947 66.9
Titanium(III) oxide O3Ti
21842 104.6
Titanium(IV) oxide (rutile) O2Ti 1912 68
Titanium(II) sulfide STi 1927 32
Tungsten W 3422 52.31
Tungsten boride (WB) BW 2800 80
Tungsten boride (W2B) BW
22740 117
Tungsten boride (W2B
5) B
5W
22370 240
6-114 Enthalpy of Fusion
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Tungsten(V) bromide Br5W 286 17.2
Tungsten(V) chloride Cl5W 253 20.6
Tungsten(VI) chloride Cl6W 282 6.69
Tungsten(VI) fluoride F6W 1.9 4.10
Tungsten(VI) oxide O3W 1473 73
Tungsten(VI) oxytetrachloride Cl4OW 210 18.8
Tungsten(VI) oxytetrafluoride F4OW 105 6
Uranium U 1135 9.14
Uranium(III) bromide Br3U 727 43.9
Uranium(IV) bromide Br4U 519 55.2
Uranium(IV) chloride Cl4U 590 44.8
Uranium(III) fluoride F3U 1495 36.8
Uranium(IV) fluoride F4U 1036 47
Uranium(V) fluoride F5U 348 35
Uranium(VI) fluoride F6U 64.06 19.2
Uranium(IV) iodide I4U 506 42.1
Uranium(IV) oxide O2U 2847 74.2
Uranyl chloride Cl2O
2U 577 44.06
Vanadium V 1910 21.5
Vanadium(II) chloride Cl2V 1350 35.0
Vanadium(IV) chloride Cl4V -28 2.30
Vanadium(II) fluoride F2V 1490 44
Vanadium(III) fluoride F3V 1395 57
Vanadium(V) fluoride F5V 19.5 49.96
Vanadium(II) oxide OV 1790 50
Vanadium(III) oxide O3V
21957 140
Vanadium(IV) oxide O2V 1545 56.0
Vanadium(V) oxide O5V
2681 64
Water H2O 0.00 6.01
Xenon Xe -111.745 t 2.27
Xenon difluoride F2Xe 129.03 16.8
Xenon tetrafluoride F4Xe 117.1 16.3
Xenon hexafluoride F6Xe 49.48 5.74
Ytterbium Yb 824 7.66
Ytterbium(III) chloride Cl3Yb 854 35.4
Yttrium Y 1522 11.39
Yttrium chloride Cl3Y 721 31.5
Yttrium fluoride F3Y 1155 27.9
Yttrium oxide O3Y
22439 81
Zinc Zn 419.53 7.068
Zinc bromide Br2Zn 402 15.7
Zinc chloride Cl2Zn 325 10.30
Zinc fluoride F2Zn 872 40
Zinc iodide I2Zn 450 17
Zinc oxide OZn 1974 70
Zinc phosphide (ZnP2) P
2Zn 980 92.9
Zinc selenite O3SeZn 621 46.4
Zinc sulfide (wurtzite) SZn 1827 30
Zinc telluride TeZn 1295 63
Zirconium Zr 1854.7 21.00
Zirconium boride B2Zr 3050 104.6
Zirconium(II) bromide Br2Zr 827 28
Zirconium(III) bromide Br3Zr 727 33
Zirconium(IV) bromide Br4Zr 450
Zirconium(II) chloride Cl2Zr 722 27.0
Zirconium(III) chloride Cl3Zr 627 30
Zirconium(IV) chloride Cl4Zr 437 29
Zirconium(II) fluoride F2Zr 902 37.7
Zirconium(III) fluoride F3Zr 927 50
Zirconium(IV) fluoride F4Zr 910 61
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Zirconium(II) iodide I2Zr 827 28
Zirconium(III) iodide I3Zr 727 33
Zirconium(IV) iodide I4Zr 500 32
Zirconium nitride NZr 2952 67.4
Zirconium(IV) oxide O2Zr 2710 90
Zirconium(IV) sulfide S2Zr 1550 45
Organic compounds
Acenaphthene C12
H10
93.4 21.49
Acenaphthylene C12
H8
91.8 6.9
Acetaldehyde C2H
4O -123.37 2.31
Acetamide C2H
5NO 80.16 15.59
Acetaminophen C8H
9NO
2169.3 30.5
Acetanilide C8H
9NO 114.3 21.3
Acetic acid C2H
4O
216.64 11.73
Acetic anhydride C4H
6O
3-74.1 10.5
Acetone C3H
6O -94.7 5.77
Acetonitrile C2H
3N -43.82 8.16
Acrylic acid C3H
4O
212.5 9.51
Acrylonitrile C3H
3N -83.48 6.23
Allene C3H
4-136.6 4.40
Allobarbital C10
H12
N2O
3172 32.3
2-Aminobenzoic acid C7H
7NO
2146 20.5
4-Aminobenzoic acid C7H
7NO
2188.2 22.5
3-Amino-1-propanol C3H
9NO 12.4 19.7
Aminopyrine C13
H17
N3O 107.5 27.6
Ampyrone C11
H13
N3O 109 24.9
Aniline C6H
7N -6.02 10.54
Anisole C7H
8O -37.13 12.9
Anthracene C14
H10
215.76 29.4
Antipyrine C11
H12
N2O 112 27.3
trans-Azobenzene C12
H10
N2
67.88 22.52
trans-Azoxybenzene C12
H10
N2O 34.6 17.9
Barbital C8H
12N
2O
3190 24.7
Benzaldehyde C7H
6O -57.1 9.32
Benzamide C7H
7NO 127.3 19.5
Benz[a]anthracene C18
H12
160.5 21.4
Benzene C6H
65.49 9.87
Benzeneacetic acid C8H
8O
276.5 16.3
1,2-Benzenediamine C6H
8N
2102.1 23.1
1,3-Benzenediamine C6H
8N
266.0 15.57
1,4-Benzenediamine C6H
8N
2141.1 23.8
Benzenethiol C6H
6S -14.93 11.48
p-Benzidine C12
H12
N2
127 19.1
Benzil C14
H10
O2
94.87 23.5
Benzocaine C9H
11NO
289.7 22.3
Benzoic acid C7H
6O
2122.35 18.02
Benzonitrile C7H
5N -13.99 9.1
Benzo[c]phenanthrene C18
H12
68 16.3
Benzophenone C13
H10
O 47.9 18.19
Benzo[a]pyrene C20
H12
181.1 17.3
Benzo[e]pyrene C20
H12
181.4 16.6
p-Benzoquinone C6H
4O
2115 18.5
Benzoyl chloride C7H
5ClO -0.4 19.2
Benzyl alcohol C7H
8O -15.4 8.97
2,2’-Binaphthalene C20
H14
187.9 38.9
Biphenyl C12
H10
68.93 18.57
Bromobenzene C6H
5Br -30.72 10.70
1-Bromobutane C4H
9Br -112.6 9.23
2-Bromobutane C4H
9Br -112.65 6.89
Enthalpy of Fusion 6-115
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Bromoethane C2H
5Br -118.6 7.47
Bromoethene C2H
3Br -139.54 5.12
1-Bromoheptane C7H
15Br -56.1 21.8
1-Bromohexane C6H
13Br -83.7 18.1
Bromomethane CH3Br -93.68 5.98
1-Bromonaphthalene C10
H7Br 6.1 15.2
2-Bromonaphthalene C10
H7Br 55.9 14.4
1-Bromooctane C8H
17Br -55.0 24.7
1-Bromopentane C5H
11Br -88.0 14.37
1-Bromopropane C3H
7Br -110.3 6.44
2-Bromopropane C3H
7Br -89.0 6.53
Bromotrichloromethane CBrCl3
-5.65 2.53
1,2-Butadiene C4H
6-136.2 6.96
1,3-Butadiene C4H
6-108.91 7.98
Butanal C4H
8O -96.86 10.77
Butane C4H
10-138.3 4.66
1,4-Butanediol C4H
10O
220.4 18.70
1-Butanethiol C4H
10S -115.7 10.46
Butanoic acid C4H
8O
2-5.1 11.59
1-Butanol C4H
10O -88.6 9.37
2-Butanol C4H
10O -88.5 5.97
2-Butanone C4H
8O -86.64 8.39
1-Butene C4H
8-185.34 3.96
cis-2-Butene C4H
8-138.88 7.31
trans-2-Butene C4H
8-105.52 9.76
cis-2-Butenoic acid C4H
6O
215 12.6
trans-2-Butenoic acid C4H
6O
271.5 13.0
tert-Butylamine C4H
11N -66.94 0.882
Butylbenzene C10
H14
-87.85 11.22
Butylcyclohexane C10
H20
-74.73 14.16
Butyl methyl ether C5H
12O -115.7 10.85
1-Butyne C4H
6-125.7 6.03
2-Butyne C4H
6-32.2 9.23
γ-Butyrolactone C4H
6O
2-43.61 9.57
Caffeine C8H
10N
4O
2236.3 22.0
Carbazole C12
H9N 246.3 24.1
Carbon dioxide CO2
-56.558 9.02
Carbon diselenide CSe2
-43.7 6.36
Carbon disulfide CS2
-112.1 4.39
Carbon monoxide CO -205.02 0.833
Carbon oxysulfide COS -138.8 4.73
Carbonyl chloride CCl2O -127.78 5.74
Chloroacetic acid C2H
3ClO
263 12.28
2-Chloroaniline C6H
6ClN -1.9 11.9
3-Chloroaniline C6H
6ClN -10.28 10.15
4-Chloroaniline C6H
6ClN 70.5 20.0
Chlorobenzene C6H
5Cl -45.31 9.6
2-Chlorobenzoic acid C7H
5ClO
2140.2 25.6
Chlorocyclohexane C6H
11Cl -43.81 2.043
Chlorodifluoromethane CHClF2
-157.42 4.12
Chloroethane C2H
5Cl -138.4 4.45
Chloroethene C2H
3Cl -153.84 4.92
Chloromethane CH3Cl -97.7 6.43
2-Chloro-2-methylpropane C4H
9Cl -25.60 2.07
1-Chloronaphthalene C10
H7Cl -2.5 12.9
2-Chloronaphthalene C10
H7Cl 58.0 14.0
1-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene C6H
4ClNO
232.1 17.9
1-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene C6H
4ClNO
244.4 19.4
1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene C6H
4ClNO
282 14.1
Chloropentafluoroethane C2ClF
5-99.4 1.86
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
2-Chlorophenol C6H
5ClO 9.4 13.0
3-Chlorophenol C6H
5ClO 32.6 14.9
4-Chlorophenol C6H
5ClO 42.8 14.1
1-Chloropropane C3H
7Cl -122.9 5.54
2-Chloropropane C3H
7Cl -117.18 7.39
2-Chlorotoluene C7H
7Cl -35.8 9.6
Chlorotrifluoroethene C2ClF
3-158.2 5.55
Chrysene C18
H12
255.5 26.2
Coronene C24
H12
437.4 19.2
o-Cresol C7H
8O 31.03 15.82
m-Cresol C7H
8O 12.24 10.71
p-Cresol C7H
8O 34.77 12.71
Cyanamide CH2N
245.56 7.27
Cyanogen C2N
2-27.83 8.11
Cyclobutane C4H
8-90.7 1.09
Cycloheptane C7H
14-8.46 1.88
Cycloheptanol C7H
14O 7.2 1.60
Cyclohexane C6H
126.59 2.68
Cyclohexanol C6H
12O 25.93 1.78
Cyclohexanone C6H
10O -27.9 1.328
Cyclohexene C6H
10-103.5 3.29
Cyclohexylamine C6H
13N -17.8 17.5
Cyclohexylbenzene C12
H16
7.07 15.6
Cyclooctane C8H
1614.59 2.41
Cyclopentane C5H
10-93.4 0.61
Cyclopentanol C5H
10O -17.5 1.535
Cyclopentene C5H
8-135.0 3.36
Cyclopentylamine C5H
11N -82.7 8.31
Cyclopropane C3H
6-127.58 5.44
Cyclopropylamine C3H
7N -35.39 13.18
cis-Decahydronaphthalene C10
H18
-42.9 9.49
trans-Decahydronaphthalene C10
H18
-30.4 14.41
Decanal C10
H20
O -4.0 34.5
Decane C10
H22
-29.6 28.72
Decanoic acid C10
H20
O2
31.4 27.8
1-Decanol C10
H22
O 6.9 43
1-Decene C10
H20
-66.3 13.81
1,2-Dibromoethane C2H
4Br
29.84 10.89
1,2-Dibromopropane C3H
6Br
2-55.49 8.94
1,3-Dibromopropane C3H
6Br
2-34.5 14.6
1,2-Dibromotetrafluoroethane C2Br
2F
4-110.32 7.04
o-Dichlorobenzene C6H
4Cl
2-17.0 12.4
m-Dichlorobenzene C6H
4Cl
2-24.8 12.6
p-Dichlorobenzene C6H
4Cl
253.09 18.19
1,1-Dichloroethane C2H
4Cl
2-96.9 7.87
1,2-Dichloroethane C2H
4Cl
2-35.7 8.84
1,1-Dichloroethene C2H
2Cl
2-122.56 6.51
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene C2H
2Cl
2-80.0 7.2
Dichloromethane CH2Cl
2-97.2 4.60
1,2-Dichloropropane C3H
6Cl
2-100.53 6.40
2,2-Dichloropropane C3H
6Cl
2-33.9 2.30
1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane
C2Cl
2F
4-92.53 1.51
Diethyl ether C4H
10O -116.2 7.19
3,3-Diethylpentane C9H
20-33.1 10.09
Diethyl sulfide C4H
10S -103.91 10.90
o-Difluorobenzene C6H
4F
2-47.1 11.05
m-Difluorobenzene C6H
4F
2-69.12 8.58
Diisopropyl ether C6H
14O -85.4 12.04
1,2-Dimethoxyethane C4H
10O
2-69.20 12.6
Dimethoxymethane C3H
8O
2-105.1 8.33
6-116 Enthalpy of Fusion
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Dimethylamine C2H
7N -92.18 5.94
2,2-Dimethylbutane C6H
14-98.8 0.58
2,3-Dimethylbutane C6H
14-128.10 0.79
2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene C6H
12-74.19 6.45
1,1-Dimethylcyclohexane C8H
16-33.3 2.07
cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane C8H
16-49.8 1.64
trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane C8H
16-88.15 10.49
cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane C8H
16-75.53 10.82
trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane C8H
16-90.07 9.87
cis-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane C8H
16-87.39 9.31
trans-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane C8H
16-36.93 12.33
Dimethyl disulfide C2H
6S
2-84.67 9.19
Dimethyl ether C2H
6O -141.5 4.94
N,N-Dimethylformamide C3H
7NO -60.48 7.90
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine C2H
8N
2-57.20 10.07
1,2-Dimethylhydrazine C2H
8N
2-8.9 13.64
Dimethyl oxalate C4H
6O
454.8 21.1
2,2-Dimethylpentane C7H
16-123.7 5.82
2,4-Dimethylpentane C7H
16-119.2 6.85
3,3-Dimethylpentane C7H
16-134.4 6.85
Dimethyl sulfide C2H
6S -98.24 7.99
Dimethyl sulfone C2H
6O
2S 108.9 18.30
Dimethyl sulfoxide C2H
6OS 17.89 14.37
N,N-Dimethylurea C3H
8N
2O 182.1 23.0
N,N’-Dimethylurea C3H
8N
2O 106.6 13.0
Dimethyl zinc C2H
6Zn -43.0 6.83
1,4-Dioxane C4H
8O
211.85 12.84
1,3-Dioxolane C3H
6O
2-97.22 6.57
Diphenylamine C12
H11
N 53.2 18.5
Diphenyl ether C12
H10
O 26.864 17.22
Diphenylmethane C13
H12
25.4 18.6
Dipropyl ether C6H
14O -114.8 10.8
Divinyl ether C4H
6O -100.6 7.9
Docosane C22
H46
43.6 48.8
Dodecane C12
H26
-9.57 36.8
Dodecanoic acid C12
H24
O2
43.8 36.3
1-Dodecanol C12
H26
O 23.9 40.2
1-Dodecene C12
H24
-35.2 19.9
Dotriacontane C32
H66
69.4 75.8
Eicosane C20
H42
36.6 69.9
1-Eicosanol C20
H42
O 65.4 42
Estradiol benzoate C25
H28
O3
193 41.8
Ethane C2H
6-182.79 2.72*
1,2-Ethanediamine C2H
8N
211.14 22.58
1,2-Ethanediol C2H
6O
2-12.69 9.96
Ethanethiol C2H
6S -147.88 4.98
Ethanol C2H
6O -114.14 4.931
Ethinylestradiol C20
H24
O2
183.5 27.9
Ethyl acetate C4H
8O
2-83.8 10.48
Ethylbenzene C8H
10-94.96 9.18
Ethylcyclohexane C8H
16-111.3 8.33
Ethylene C2H
4-169.15 3.35
Ethyl methyl sulfide C3H
8S -105.93 9.76
3-Ethylpentane C7H
16-118.55 9.55
2-Ethyltoluene C9H
12-79.83 9.96
3-Ethyltoluene C9H
12-95.6 7.6
4-Ethyltoluene C9H
12-62.35 12.7
Fluoranthene C16
H10
110.19 18.69
9H-Fluorene C13
H10
114.77 19.58
Fluorobenzene C6H
5F -42.18 11.31
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Formamide CH3NO 2.49 8.44
Formic acid CH2O
28.3 12.68
Furan C4H
4O -85.61 3.80
Furfural C5H
4O
2-38.1 14.37
Furfuryl alcohol C5H
6O
2-14.6 13.13
Glycerol C3H
8O
318.1 18.3
Heneicosane C21
H44
40.01 45.21
Heptacosane C27
H56
59.23 61.9
Heptadecane C17
H36
22.0 40.16
Heptanal C7H
14O -43.4 23.2
Heptane C7H
16-90.55 14.03
Heptanoic acid C7H
14O
2-7.17 15.13
1-Heptanol C7H
16O -33.2 18.17
1-Heptene C7H
14-118.9 12.41
Hexachlorobenzene C6Cl
6228.83 25.2
Hexachloroethane C2Cl
6186.8t 9.75
Hexacontane C60
H122
99.3 193.2
Hexacosane C26
H54
56.1 60.0
Hexadecane C16
H34
18.12 53.36
Hexadecanoic acid C16
H32
O2
62.5 53.7
1-Hexadecanol C16
H34
O 49.2 33.6
Hexafluorobenzene C6F
65.03 11.59
Hexafluoroethane C2F
6-100.05 2.69
Hexamethylbenzene C12
H18
165.5 20.6
Hexanal C6H
12O -56 13.3
Hexane C6H
14-95.35 13.08
1,6-Hexanedioic acid C6H
10O
4152.5 36.3
1,6-Hexanediol C6H
14O
241.5 22.2
1-Hexanol C6H
14O -47.4 15.38
2-Hexanone C6H
12O -55.5 14.9
3-Hexanone C6H
12O -55.4 13.49
Hexatetracontane C46
H94
87.6 176.0
Hexatriacontane C36
H74
75.8 87.7
1-Hexene C6H
12-139.76 9.35
cis-2-Hexene C6H
12-141.11 8.88
Hydrogen cyanide CHN -13.29 8.41
p-Hydroquinone C6H
6O
2172.4 26.8
2-Hydroxybenzoic acid C7H
6O
3159.0 14.2
Imidazole C3H
4N
289.5 12.82
Indan C9H
10-51.38 8.60
Indene C9H
8-1.5 10.20
Indomethacin C19
H16
ClNO4
160 36.9
Iodobenzene C6H
5I -31.3 9.75
Isobutane C4H
10-159.4 4.54
Isobutene C4H
8-140.7 5.92
Isopentane C5H
12-159.77 5.15
Isopropylamine C3H
9N -95.13 7.33
Isopropylbenzene C9H
12-96.02 7.33
1-Isopropyl-4-methylbenzene C10
H14
-67.94 9.66
Isoquinoline C9H
7N 26.47 13.54
Khellin C14
H12
O5
154 32.3
Maleic anhydride C4H
2O
352.56 13.60
Methane CH4
-182.47 0.94
Methanethiol CH4S -123 5.91
Methanol CH4O -97.53 3.215
Methyl acetate C3H
6O
2-98.25 7.49
Methylamine CH5N -93.5 6.13
2-Methylaniline C7H
9N -14.41 11.66
3-Methylaniline C7H
9N -31.3 7.9
4-Methylaniline C7H
9N 43.6 18.9
Enthalpy of Fusion 6-117
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Methyl benzoate C8H
8O
2-12.4 9.74
2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene C5H
8-145.9 4.93
2-Methyl-2-butanol C5H
12O -9.1 4.46
3-Methyl-2-butanone C5H
10O -93.1 9.34
2-Methyl-1-butene C5H
10-137.53 7.91
3-Methyl-1-butene C5H
10-168.43 5.36
2-Methyl-2-butene C5H
10-133.72 7.60
Methyl tert-butyl ether C5H
12O -108.6 7.60
Methylcyclohexane C7H
14-126.6 6.75
Methylcyclopentane C6H
12-142.42 6.93
Methylcyclopropane C4H
8-177.6 2.8
2-Methylfuran C5H
6O -91.3 8.55
2-Methylheptane C8H
18-109.02 11.92
3-Methylheptane C8H
18-120.48 11.69
4-Methylheptane C8H
18-121.0 10.8
2-Methylhexane C7H
16-118.2 9.19
Methylhydrazine CH6N
2-52.36 10.42
Methyl methacrylate C5H
8O
2-47.55 14.4
1-Methylnaphthalene C11
H10
-30.43 6.95
2-Methylnaphthalene C11
H10
34.6 12.13
Methyl nitrate CH3NO
3-83.0 8.24
Methyloxirane C3H
6O -111.9 6.53
2-Methylpentane C6H
14-153.6 6.27
3-Methylpentane C6H
14-162.90 5.30
2-Methyl-1-propanol C4H
10O -101.9 6.32
2-Methyl-2-propanol C4H
10O 25.69 6.70
2-Methylpyridine C6H
7N -66.68 9.72
3-Methylpyridine C6H
7N -18.14 14.18
4-Methylpyridine C6H
7N 3.67 12.58
N-Methylurea C2H
6N
2O 104.9 14.0
Morpholine C4H
9NO -4.8 14.5
Naphthalene C10
H8
80.26 19.01
1-Naphthol C10
H8O 95.0 23.1
2-Naphthol C10
H8O 121.5 18.1
Neopentane C5H
12-16.4 3.10
Niacinamide C6H
6N
2O 130 23.2
2-Nitroaniline C6H
6N
2O
271.0 16.1
3-Nitroaniline C6H
6N
2O
2113.4 23.6
4-Nitroaniline C6H
6N
2O
2147.5 21.2
Nitrobenzene C6H
5NO
25.7 12.12
Nitroethane C2H
5NO
2-89.5 9.85
Nitromethane CH3NO
2-28.38 9.70
2-Nitrophenol C6H
5NO
344.8 17.7
3-Nitrophenol C6H
5NO
396.8 20.6
4-Nitrophenol C6H
5NO
3113.6 18.8
Nitrosobenzene C6H
5NO 67 31.0
4-Nitrotoluene C7H
7NO
251.63 16.81
Nonacosane C29
H60
63.7 66.9
Nonadecane C19
H40
32.0 45.8
Nonanal C9H
18O -19.3 30.5
Nonane C9H
20-53.46 15.47
Nonanoic acid C9H
18O
212.4 19.82
5-Nonanone C9H
18O -3.8 24.93
Octacosane C28
H58
61.1 65.1
Octadecane C18
H38
28.2 61.7
1-Octadecanol C18
H38
O 57.9 45
Octane C8H
18-56.82 20.73
Octanoic acid C8H
16O
216.5 21.35
1-Octanol C8H
18O -14.8 23.7
Octatriacontane C38
H78
78.6 133.2
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
1-Octene C8H
16-101.7 15.31
2-Oxepanone C6H
10O
2-1.0 13.83
Oxetane C3H
6O -97 6.5
Oxirane C2H
4O -112.5 5.17
4-Oxopentanoic acid C5H
8O
333 9.22
Paraldehyde C6H
12O
312.6 13.5
Pentachloroethane C2HCl
5-28.78 11.3
Pentacontane C50
H102
92.1 162.4
Pentacosane C25
H52
53.93 56.9
Pentadecane C15
H32
9.95 34.6
cis-1,3-Pentadiene C5H
8-140.8 5.64
trans-1,3-Pentadiene C5H
8-87.4 7.14
1,4-Pentadiene C5H
8-148.2 6.12
Pentaerythritol C5H
12O
4258 4.8
Pentafluorobenzene C6HF
5-47.4 10.87
Pentafluorophenol C6HF
5O 37.5 16.41
2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorotoluene C7H
3F
5-29.78 13.1
Pentane C5H
12-129.67 8.40
Pentanedioic acid C5H
8O
497.8 20.3
Pentanenitrile C5H
9N -96.2 9
1-Pentanethiol C5H
12S -75.65 17.53
Pentanoic acid C5H
10O
2-33.6 14.16
1-Pentanol C5H
12O -77.6 10.50
2-Pentanone C5H
10O -76.8 10.63
3-Pentanone C5H
10O -39 11.59
Pentatriacontane C35
H72
74.6 86.3
1-Pentene C5H
10-165.12 5.94
cis-2-Pentene C5H
10-151.36 7.11
trans-2-Pentene C5H
10-140.21 8.35
Perfluoroacetone C3F
6O -125.45 8.38
Perfluorobutane C4F
10-129.1 7.66
Perfluorocyclobutane C4F
8-40.19 2.77
Perfluoroheptane C7F
16-51.2 6.95
Perfluorohexane C6F
14-88.2 6.84
Perfluoropropane C3F
8-147.70 0.477
Perfluorotoluene C7F
8-65.49 11.54
Perylene C20
H12
277.76 31.9
Phenacetin C10
H13
NO2
134 33.0
Phenanthrene C14
H10
99.24 16.46
Phenobarbital C12
H12
N2O
3174.0 27.8
Phenol C6H
6O 40.89 11.51
α-Phenylbenzeneacetic acid C14
H12
O2
147.29 31.3
Phenylbutazone C19
H20
N2O
2105 27.7
Phenylhydrazine C6H
8N
220.6 14.05
Piperidine C5H
11N -11.02 14.85
Potassium acetate C2H
3KO
2309 7.65
Propane C3H
8-187.63 3.50
1,3-Propanediol C3H
8O
2-27.7 7.1
Propanenitrile C3H
5N -92.78 5.03
1-Propanethiol C3H
8S -113.13 5.48
2-Propanethiol C3H
8S -130.5 5.74
Propanoic acid C3H
6O
2-20.5 10.66
1-Propanol C3H
8O -124.39 5.37
2-Propanol C3H
8O -87.9 5.41
Propene C3H
6-185.24 3.003
Propylamine C3H
9N -84.75 10.97
Propylbenzene C9H
12-99.6 9.27
Propylcyclohexane C9H
18-94.9 10.37
Pyrazine C4H
4N
251.0 12.9
1H-Pyrazole C3H
4N
270.7 14.0
6-118 Enthalpy of Fusion
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Pyrene C16
H10
150.62 17.36
Pyridine C5H
5N -41.70 8.28
Pyrocatechol C6H
6O
2104.6 22.8
Pyrrole C4H
5N -23.39 7.91
Pyrrolidine C4H
9N -57.79 8.58
Quinoline C9H
7N -14.78 10.66
Resorcinol C6H
6O
2109.4 20.4
Sebacic acid C10
H18
O4
130.9 40.8
Sodium acetate C2H
3NaO
2328.2 17.9
Sodium hydrogen carbonate CHNaO3
527 25
Spiro[2.2]pentane C5H
8-107.0 6.43
Stearic acid C18
H36
O2
69.3 61.2
trans-Stilbene C14
H12
124.2 27.7
Styrene C8H
8-30.65 10.9
Succinic acid C4H
6O
4187.9 32.4
Succinic anhydride C4H
4O
3119 20.4
Succinonitrile C4H
4N
258.06 3.70
Sulfacetamide C8H
10N
2O
3S 183 22.4
Sulfadiazine C10
H10
N4O
2S 258 42.6
Sulfamerazine C11
H12
N4O
2S 236 38.7
Sulfamethoxazole C10
H11
N3O
3S 170 32.2
Sulfamethoxypyridazine C11
H12
N4O
3S 182.5 31.3
Sulfapyridine C11
H11
N3O
2S 192 34.4
Sulfathiazole C9H
9N
3O
2S
2202 26.4
Sulfisoxazole C11
H13
N3O
3S 196 30.2
o-Terphenyl C18
H14
56.20 17.19
p-Terphenyl C18
H14
213.9 35.3
Tetrabromomethane CBr4
92.3 3.76
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane
C2Cl
4F
224.8 3.67
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane C2H
2Cl
4-42.4 9.17
Tetrachloroethene C2Cl
4-22.3 10.88
Tetrachloromethane CCl4
-22.62 2.56
Tetracontane C40
H82
81.5 135.5
Tetracosane C24
H50
50.4 54.4
Tetradecane C14
H30
5.82 45.07
Tetradecanoic acid C14
H28
O2
54.2 45.1
1-Tetradecanol C14
H30
O 38.2 25.1*
1,2,3,5-Tetrafluorobenzene C6H
2F
4-46.25 6.36
1,2,4,5-Tetrafluorobenzene C6H
2F
43.88 15.05
Tetrafluoroethene C2F
4-131.15 7.72
Tetrafluoromethane CF4
-183.60 0.704
Tetrahydrofuran C4H
8O -108.44 8.54
Tetrahydropyran C5H
10O -49.1 1.8
Tetrahydrothiophene C4H
8S -96.2 7.35
1,2,4,5-Tetramethylbenzene C10
H14
79.3 21
Tetramethyl lead C4H
12Pb -30.2 10.80
2,2,3,3-Tetramethylpentane C9H
20-9.75 2.33
2,2,4,4-Tetramethylpentane C9H
20-66.54 9.74
Tetramethylsilane C4H
12Si -99.06 6.87
Tetramethylstannane C4H
12Sn -55.1 9.30
Tetratetracontane C44
H90
85.6 149.6
Tetratriacontane C34
H70
72.5 79.4
1H-Tetrazole CH2N
4157.3 18.2
Name
Molecular
formula tm
/°C
Δfus
H/kJ
mol-1
Thiazole C3H
3NS -33.62 9.57
Thietane C3H
6S -73.24 8.25
Thiophene C4H
4S -38.21 5.07
Thiourea CH4N
2S 178 14.0
Thymol C10
H14
O 49.5 21.3
Toluene C7H
8-94.95 6.64
o-Toluic acid C8H
8O
2103.5 19.5
m-Toluic acid C8H
8O
2109.9 15.7
p-Toluic acid C8H
8O
2179.6 22.7
Triacontane C30
H62
65.1 68.3
1,3,5-Triazine C3H
3N
380.3 14.56
Tribromomethane CHBr3
8.69 11.05
Trichloroacetic acid C2HCl
3O
259.2 5.90
1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene C6H
3Cl
351.3 17.9
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene C6H
3Cl
316.92 16.4
1,3,5-Trichlorobenzene C6H
3Cl
362.8 18.1
1,1,1-Trichloroethane C2H
3Cl
3-30.01 2.35
1,1,2-Trichloroethane C2H
3Cl
3-36.3 11.46
Trichloroethene C2HCl
3-84.7 8.45
Trichlorofluoromethane CCl3F -110.44 6.89
Trichloromethane CHCl3
-63.41 9.5
1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane
C2Cl
3F
3-36.22 2.47
Tricosane C23
H48
47.76 50.86
Tridecane C13
H28
-5.4 28.50
1-Tridecanol C13
H28
O 31.7 41.4
1,1,1-Trifluoroethane C2H
3F
3-111.3 6.19
Trifluoromethane CHF3
-155.2 4.06
Triiodomethane CHI3
121.2 16.44
Trimethoprim C14
H18
N4O
3199 49.4
Trimethylamine C3H
9N -117.1 7
1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene C9H
12-25.4 8.18
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene C9H
12-43.77 13.19
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene C9H
12-44.72 9.51
2,2,3-Trimethylbutane C7H
16-24.6 2.26
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane C8H
18-107.3 9.20
1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene C6H
3N
3O
6122.9 15.4
Trinitroglycerol C3H
5N
3O
913.5 21.87
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene C7H
5N
3O
680.5 22.9
1,3,5-Trioxane C3H
6O
360.29 15.11
Triphenylamine C18
H15
N 126.5 24.9
Triphenylene C18
H12
197.8 24.74
Tritriacontane C33
H68
71.2 79.5
Undecane C11
H24
-25.5 22.2
Urea CH4N
2O 133.3 13.9
o-Xylene C8H
10-25.2 13.6
m-Xylene C8H
10-47.8 11.6
p-Xylene C8H
1013.25 17.12
2,3-Xylenol C8H
10O 72.5 21.0
2,5-Xylenol C8H
10O 74.8 23.4
2,6-Xylenol C8H
10O 45.8 18.9
3,4-Xylenol C8H
10O 65.1 18.1
3,5-Xylenol C8H
10O 63.4 17.4
Enthalpy of Fusion 6-119
PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF LIQUID DENSITY
This table gives data on the variation of the density of some common liquids with pressure and temperature. The pressure de-pendence is described to first order by the isothermal compress-ibility coefficient κ defined as
κ = -(1/V) (∂V/∂P)T
where V is the volume, and the temperature dependence by the cubic expansion coefficient α,
α = (1/V) (∂V/∂T)P
Substances are listed by molecular formula in the Hill order. More precise data on the variation of density with temperature over a wide temperature range can be found in Reference 1.
References
1. Lide, D. R., and Kehiaian, H. V., CRC Handbook of Thermophysical
and Thermochemical Data, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1994. 2. Le Neindre, B., Effets des Hautes et Très Hautes Pressions, in Techniques
de l’Ingénieur, Paris, 1991. 3. Landolt-Börnstein, Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in
Science and Technology, New Series, IV/4, High-Pressure Properties of
Matter, Springer–Verlag, Heidelberg, 1980. 4. Riddick, J.A., Bunger, W.B., and Sakano, T.K., Organic Solvents, Fourth
Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1986. 5. Isaacs, N. S., Liquid Phase High Pressure Chemistry, John Wiley, New
York, 1981.
Molecular
formula
Isothermal compressibility Cubic thermal expansion
Name t/°C κ × 104/MPa–1 t/°C α × 103/°C–1
Cl3P Phosphorus trichloride 20 9.45 20 1.9
H2O Water 20 4.591 20 0.206
25 4.524 25 0.256
30 4.475 30 0.302
Hg Mercury 20 0.401 20 0.1811
CCl4
Tetrachloromethane 20 10.50 20 1.14
40 12.20 40 1.21
70 15.6 70 1.33
CHBr3
Tribromomethane 50 8.76 25 0.91
CHCl3
Trichloromethane 20 9.96 20 1.21
50 12.9 50 1.33
CH2Br
2Dibromomethane 27 6.85
CH2Cl
2Dichloromethane 25 10.3 25 1.39
CH3I Iodomethane 27 10.3 25 1.26
CH4O Methanol 20 12.14 20 1.49
40 13.83 40 1.59
CS2
Carbon disulfide 20 9.38 20 1.12
40 10.6 35 1.16
C2Cl
4Tetrachloroethylene 25 7.56 25 1.02
C2HCl
3Trichloroethylene 25 8.57 25 1.17
C2H
2Cl
2trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene 25 11.2 25 1.36
C2H
4Cl
21,1-Dichloroethane 20 7.97 25 0.93
C2H
4Cl
21,2-Dichloroethane 30 8.46 20 1.14
C2H
4O
2Acetic acid 20 9.08 20 1.08
80 13.7 80 1.38
C2H
5Br Bromoethane 20 11.53 20 1.31
C2H
5I Iodoethane 20 9.82 25 1.17
C2H
6O Ethanol 20 11.19 20 1.40
70 15.93 70 1.67
C2H
6O
2Ethylene glycol 20 3.64 20 0.626
C3H
6O Acetone 20 12.62 20 1.46
40 15.6 40 1.57
C3H
7Br 1-Bromopropane 0 10.22 25 1.2
C3H
7Cl 1-Chloropropane 0 12.09 20 1.4
C3H
7I 1-Iodopropane 0 10.22 25 1.09
C3H
8O 1-Propanol 0 8.43 0 1.22
C3H
8O 2-Propanol 40 13.32 40 1.55
C3H
8O
21,2-Propanediol 0 4.45 20 0.695
C3H
8O
21,3-Propanediol 0 4.09 20 0.61
C3H
8O
3Glycerol 0 2.54 20 0.520
C4H
8O
2Ethyl acetate 20 11.32 20 1.35
60 16.2 60 1.54
6-120
Molecular
formula
Isothermal compressibility Cubic thermal expansion
Name t/°C κ × 104/MPa–1 t/°C α × 103/°C–1
C4H
9Br 1-Bromobutane 25 10.26 20 1.13
C4H
9I 1-Iodobutane 0 7.73 25 1.02
C4H
10O 1-Butanol 0 8.10 0 1.12
C4H
10O Diethyl ether 20 18.65 20 1.65
30 20.85 30 1.72
C4H
10O
3Diethylene glycol 0 3.34 20 0.635
C5H
10Cyclopentane 20 13.31 20 1.35
C5H
11Br 1-Bromopentane 0 8.42 25 1.04
C5H
11I 1-Iodopentane 0 7.56
C5H
12Pentane 25 21.80 25 1.64
C5H
12O 1-Pentanol 0 7.71 0 1.02
C6H
5Br Bromobenzene 20 6.46 20 0.86
C6H
5Cl Chlorobenzene 20 7.45 20 0.94
C6H
5NO
2Nitrobenzene 20 4.93 25 0.833
C6H
6Benzene 25 9.66 25 1.14
45 11.28 45 1.21
C6H
6O Phenol 60 6.05 60 0.82
C6H
7N Aniline 20 4.53 20 0.81
80 6.32 80 0.91
C6H
12Cyclohexane 20 11.30 20 1.15
60 15.2 60 1.29
C6H
14Hexane 25 16.69 25 1.41
45 20.27 45 1.52
C6H
142-Methylpentane 0 13.97 25 1.43
C6H
143-Methylpentane 0 14.57 25 1.40
C6H
142,3-Dimethylbutane 20 17.97 25 1.39
C6H
14O 1-Hexanol 25 8.24 25 1.03
C6H
15NO
3Triethanolamine 0 3.61 55 0.53
C7H
8Toluene 20 8.96 20 1.05
50 11.0 50 1.13
C7H
8O Anisole 20 6.60 20 0.951
C7H
14Cycloheptane 20 9.22
C7H
16Heptane 25 14.38 25 1.26
C8H
10o-Xylene 25 8.10 25 0.96
C8H
10m-Xylene 20 8.46 20 0.99
C8H
10p-Xylene 25 8.59 25 1.00
C8H
16Cyclooctane 20 8.03
C8H
18Octane 25 12.82 25 1.16
45 15.06 45 1.23
C8H
18O 1-Octanol 25 7.64 25 0.827
C9H
12Mesitylene 25 8.14 25 0.94
C9H
14O
6Triacetin 0 4.49 25 0.94
C9H
20Nonane 25 11.75 25 1.08
C10
H22
Decane 25 10.94 25 1.02
C11
H24
Undecane 25 10.31 25 0.97
C12
H26
Dodecane 25 9.88 25 0.93
C13
H28
Tridecane 25 9.48 25 0.90
C14
H30
Tetradecane 25 9.10 25 0.87
C15
H32
Pentadecane 25 8.82
C16
H22
O4
Butyl phthalate 0 5.0 25 0.86
C16
H34
Hexadecane 25 8.57
45 9.78
C19
H36
O2
Methyl oleate 0 6.18 60 0.85
Pressure and Temperature Dependence of Liquid Density 6-121
PROPERTIES OF CRYOGENIC FLUIDS
This table gives physical and thermodynamic properties of eight cryogenic fluids. The properties are:
M Molar mass in grams per mole T
t Triple point temperature in kelvins
Pt Triple point pressure in kilopascals
ρt (l) Liquid density at the triple point in grams per
milliliter ∆
fusH @ T
t Enthalpy of fusion at the triple point in joules per
gram T
b Normal boiling point in kelvins at a pressure of
101325 pascals (760 mmHg) ∆
vapH @ T
b Enthalpy of vaporization at the normal boiling
point in joules per gram ρ (l) @ T
b Liquid density at the normal boiling point in
grams per milliliter ρ (g) @ T
b Vapor density at the normal boiling point in
grams per liter C
p (l) @ T
b Liquid heat capacity at constant pressure at the
normal boiling point in joules per gram kelvin C
p (g) @ T
b Vapor heat capacity at constant pressure at the
normal boiling point in joules per gram kelvin T
c Critical temperature in kelvins
Pc Critical pressure in megapascals
ρc Critical density in grams per milliliter
In the case of air, the value given for the triple point temperature is the incipient solidification temperature, and the normal boiling point value is the incipient boiling (bubble) point. See Reference 3 for more details.
References
1. Younglove, B. A., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 11, Suppl. 1, 1982. 2. Daubert, T. E., Danner, R. P., Sibul, H. M., and Stebbins, C. C.,
Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Compounds: Data
Compilation, extant 1994 (core with 4 supplements), Taylor & Francis, Bristol, PA (also available as database).
3. Sytchev, V. V., et al., Thermodynamic Properties of Air, Hemisphere Publishing, New York, 1987.
4. Jacobsen, R. T., Stewart, R. B., and Jahangiri, M., J. Phys. Chem. Ref.
Data, 15, 735, 1986. [Nitrogen] 5. Stewart, R. B., Jacobsen, R. T., and Wagner, W., J. Phys. Chem. Ref.
Data, 20, 917, 1991. [Oxygen] 6. McCarty, R. D., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2, 923, 1973. [Helium] Also,
Donnelly, R. J., private communication. 7. Stewart, R. B. and Jacobsen, R. T., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 18, 639,
1989. [Argon] 8. Setzmann, U. and Wagner, W., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 20, 1061,
1991. [Methane] 9. Vargaftik, N. B., Thermophysical Properties of Liquids and Gases, 2nd
ed., John Wiley, New York, 1975.
Property Units Air N2
O2
H2
He Ne Ar Kr Xe CH4
M g/mol 28.96 28.014 31.999 2.0159 4.0026 20.180 39.948 83.800 131.290 16.043
Tt
K 59.75 63.15 54.3584 13.8 24.5561 83.8058 115.8 161.4 90.694
Pt
kPa 12.463 0.14633 7.042 50 68.95 72.92 81.59 11.696
ρt (l) g/mL 0.959 0.870 1.306 0.0770 1.251 1.417 2.449 2.978 0.4515
∆fus
H @ Tt
J/g 25.3 13.7 59.5 16.8 28.0 16.3 13.8 58.41
Tb
K 78.67 77.35 90.188 20.28 4.2221 27.07 87.293 119.92 165.10 111.668
∆vap
H @ Tb
J/g 198.7 198.8 213.1 445 20.7 84.8 161.0 108.4 96.1 510.83
ρ (l) @ Tb
g/mL 0.8754 0.807 1.141 0.0708 0.124901 1.204 1.396 2.418 2.953 0.4224
ρ (g) @ Tb
g/L 3.199 4.622 4.467 1.3390 16.89 9.51 5.79 8.94 1.816
Cp (l) @ T
bJ/g K 1.865 2.042 1.699 9.668 4.545 1.877 1.078 0.533 0.340 3.481
Cp (g) @ T
bJ/g K 1.341 0.980 12.24 9.78 0.570 0.248 0.158 2.218
Tc
K 132.5 126.20 154.581 32.98 5.1953 44.40 150.663 209.40 289.73 190.56
Pc
MPa 3.766 3.390 5.043 1.293 0.227460 2.760 4.860 5.500 5.840 4.592
ρc
g/mL 0.316 0.313 0.436 0.031 0.06964 0.484 0.531 0.919 1.110 0.1627
6-122
THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MERCURY
Lev R. Fokin
The first of these tables gives the molar heat capacity at constant pressure of liquid and gaseous mercury as a function of tempera-ture. To convert to specific heat in units of J/g K, divide these val-ues by 200.59, the atomic weight of mercury.
Reference
Douglas, T. B., Ball, A. T., and Ginnings, D. C., J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stands., 46, 334, 1951.
Cp/(J/mol K)
t/°C Liquid Gas
–38.84 28.2746 20.786
–20 28.1466 20.786
0 28.0190 20.786
20 27.9002 20.786
25 27.8717 20.786
40 27.7897 20.786
60 27.6880 20.786
80 27.5952 20.786
100 27.5106 20.786
120 27.4349 20.786
Cp/(J/mol K)
t/°C Liquid Gas
140 27.3675 20.786
160 27.3090 20.786
180 27.2588 20.790
200 27.2169 20.790
220 27.1834 20.794
240 27.1583 20.794
260 27.1412 20.799
280 27.1320 20.807
300 27.1303 20.815
320 27.1366 20.824
Cp/(J/mol K)
t/°C Liquid Gas
340 27.1500 20.836
356.73 27.1677 20.849
360 27.1709 20.853
380 27.1981 20.870
400 27.2324 20.891
420 27.2738 20.916
440 27.3207 20.941
460 27.3742 20.974
480 27.4332 21.008
500 27.4985 21.046
The second table gives the molar heat capacity of solid mercury in its rhombohedral (α–mercury) form.
References
1. Busey and Giaque, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 75, 806, 1953. 2. Amitin, Lebedeva, and Paukov, Rus. J. Phys. Chem., 2666, 1979.
t/°C Cp/(J/mol K)
–268.99 0.99*
–268.99 0.97**
–268.15 1.6
–263.15 4.6
–258.15 7.6
–253.15 10.33
t/°C Cp/(J/mol K)
–248.15 12.74
–243.15 14.78
–233.15 17.90
–223.15 19.94
–213.15 21.40
–203.15 22.42
t/°C Cp/(J/mol K)
–193.15 23.16
–183.15 23.76
–173.15 24.24
–153.15 25.00
–133.15 25.61
–113.15 26.15
t/°C Cp/(J/mol K)
–93.15 26.69
–73.15 27.28
–53.15 27.96
–38.87 28.5
* Superconducting state
** Normal state
The final table gives the cubic thermal expansion coefficient α, the isothermal compressibility coefficient κ
T, and the speed of
sound U for liquid mercury as a function of temperature. These properties are defined as follows:
1 1 2
v
v
T v
v
PU
P
p
T
T s
v 1
where v is the specific volume (given in the table on the preceding page).
Reference
Vukalovich, M. P., et al., Thermophysical Properties of Mercury, Moscow Standard Press, 1971.
κT × 106/bar–1
t/°C α × 104/K–1 At 1 bar At 1000 bar U/m s–1
–20 1.818 3.83 1470
0 1.8144 3.918 3.78 1460.8
20 1.8110 4.013 3.87 1451.4
40 1.8083 4.109 3.96 1442.0
60 1.8064 4.207 1432.7
80 1.8053 4.308 4.14 1423.4
100 1.8051 4.410 1414.1
κT × 106/bar–1
t/°C α × 104/K–1 At 1 bar At 1000 bar U/m s–1
120 1.8058 4.513 4.33 1404.7
140 1.8074 4.622 1395.4
160 1.8100 4.731 4.53 1386.1
180 1.8136 4.844 1376.7
200 1.818 4.96 1367
250 1.834 5.26 1344
300 1.856 5.59 1321
6-128
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