Top Banner
The O P E N S P A C E magazine double issue spring 2015 / fall 2 015 17 18 The O P E N S P A C E magazine issue 17/18 double issue spring 2015 / fall 2015 Ashley by Gutkin Mailman Marble Epstein Gann Buckner Feely/Just Haskins Holm-Hudson Johnson Oliveros Siegel
6

Crash and getting me started: How Robert Ashley changed my mind

Apr 05, 2023

Download

Documents

Michael Waters
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Crash and getting me started:  How Robert Ashley changed my mind

Th

e O P E N

S P A C

E magazin

e do

uble

issue sp

ring 2015 / fa

ll 2 015

1718

O P E N S P A C E 29 sycamore drive red hook ny 12571

The O P E N S P A C E

magazine

i s s u e 17/18 double issue spring 2015 / fall 2015

��������

����� ������ ��

����� ����� ���� � ��� ���������� ����������������� � � �� ���������������������

�� �� � � ��

������ ���������������������

����� ������ �

����� � ��������

�������������

�������

��������� � ��������������������

������� ��

� �����

���������

�� ������������

���������

�� ������������

� ��� ������ ������������������� � ��������������������

�����

������� ����

Ashley by Gutkin Mailman Marble Epstein Gann Buckner Feely/Just Haskins Holm-Hudson Johnson Oliveros Siegel

Page 2: Crash and getting me started:  How Robert Ashley changed my mind

� �

Crash and ge t t ing me s tar t ed : how Rober t Ash ley changed my mind

Joshua Banks Mai lman

!H�58ABC�4=2>D=C4A�F8C7�&>14AC��B7;4HOB�<DB82�F0B�F74=���F0B�F>A:8=6�8=�2>;;464�A038>�8=��78206>���+4�DB43�C>�A4248E4���B�5A><�C74�;014;� >E4;H�!DB82� C3���0<>=6�>C74AB����BD??>B4�8C�F0B�<H�58ABC�5D;;�1;>F=� 4G?>BDA4� C>� F70C� F4� =>F� 20;;� ?>BC�<8=8<0;8BC� <DB82�� 0;C7>D67� C74B4� ��B� 383� 8=2;D34�40A;84A� B>D=3�0AC�<8=8<0;8B<� BD27� 0B� �;E8=� D284AOB���O<� =>C� BDA4� F74C74A� �� 6>C� C>� 740A�+8;;80<��D2:F>AC7OB���>0=� 0�0A10A0OB���0E83��47A<0=OB��&>14AC��B7;4HOB��>A�L�;D4M��4=4�(HA0==HOB�<DB82�58ABC�� 1DC� 34B?8C4� B><4� B:4?C828B<�� �� 383� 58=3� 0;;� >5� C78B�<DB82� BCA0=64;H� 0CCA02C8E4� 8=�F0HB� �� 383=OC�4G?42C��

�4B?8C4�>1E8>DB�BCH;8BC82�38554A4=24B�14CF44=�C74B4�<DB820;�0AC8BCB��=>=4�>5�C78B�<DB82�B44<43�C>�14�CAH8=6�C>�?DB7�C74�4=E4;>?4��48C74A�8=�C4A<B�>5�7>F�<D27�2>D;3�70??4=�8=�0=H�?0AC82D;0A�B7>AC�B?0=�>5�C8<4��7>F�8=CA820C4�8C�F0B���>A�8=�C4A<B�>5�F70C�:8=3�>5�=4F�>A�D=4G?42C43�B>D=3B�>=4�<867C�64C�0�270=24�C>�740A���C�F0B�>5C4=�>E4AC;H�0=3�D=0?>;>64C820;;H�C>=0;�0=3�A4?4C8C8E4��1DC�F8C7>DC�C74�:8=3�>5�70A3�=>B43�01BCA02C�?0CC4A=8=6���703�6A>F=�C>�03<8A4�8=�C74�40A;H�F>A:B�>5�&4827�>A��;0BB��+>AB4�H4C��B><4�>5� 8C�703�E>824B� C0;:8=6�01>DC�B44<8=6;H� CA8E80;�<0CC4AB�>E4A�0�1;0=3�F0B7�>5�102:6A>D=3�4;42CA82�:4H1>0A3�?;0H8=6���D7��

�48=6�0=�0E83�50=�0=3�B><4C8<4B�4E0=64;8BC� 5>A� C74�<DB82�>5��0118CC���>D;4I��'27>4=14A6��'70?4H���0AC4A��0=3��064��0=3�C74�;8:4����F0B�=>C�?A438B?>B43�C>�C78B�L >E4;HM�<DB82���C�703�=>=4�>5�F70C���CH?820;;H�03<8A4�0=3�0�;>C�>5�F70C�CH?820;;H�CDA=43�<4�>55���=3�14B834B��F70C�:8=3�>5�F8B46DH�F>D;3�=0<4�78<B4;5�L�;D4M��4=4�(HA0==H���

��703�C7>D67C�C70C�5>A�<4�C>�4=9>H�8C��B>�20;;43�<8=8<0;8BC�<DB82��0=3�0AC��703�C>�0;B>�14�B4<0=C820;;H��0BB>280C8E4;H��05542C8E4;H�<8=8<0;��>A�<8B4A;HKH>D�:=>F�� C74�&><0=C82�L<>34A=8BC�M�$;0C>=82�BCA0F�<0=�>5�C74�L01B>;DC4M�?DA4�0DC>=><>DB�0AC�F>A:K0�7>11H�7>AB4�C70C��3�&48=70A3C�������A834B�8=�78B� L�AC�0B�0AC�M� C78ACH�=8=4�AD;4B� 5>A� C8<4;4BB� 0AC�� 0CC4<?C43� 0B� 85� ?DA4;H� C7A>D67� =460C8>=�� �(74B4�F4A4�C74�8<?;828C�20E40CB�C70C�4=01;43�<H�0CCA02C8>=�C>�C74�40A;H�F>A:B�>5�&4827�0=3��;0BB���BDB?42C���=�C74�30HB�145>A4�4<1>3843�<8=3��2>6=8C8E4�<4C0?7>A��C74>AH�0=3�=4>�?A>24BB�?78;>B>?7H�BC0AC43�C>�7>;3�BF0H����F0B�D=34A�C74�B?4;;�>5�&48=70A3COB�=4>�?;0C>=82�4C7>B���

-4C� 0B� �� B2A0C2743�<H�7403�� B><4C78=6� ?A><?C43�<4� C>�:44?� B2A0C278=6� C74� BDA5024�>5� C78B�<DB82�5A><� >E4;H�� 0=3� H4B� 8C� 383� BC0AC� C>� AD1� >55� >=�<4�� � �� :4?C� 6>8=6� 102:� 5>A�<>A4�� >E4;HOB�!8<8��>7=B>=� :4?C� B4=38=6� F70C� �� 0B:43� 5>A�� 0=3�� H4B�� F4� :4?C� 08A8=6� C74<� �0;>=6� F8C7� �0118CC�� �064��,4=0:8B��0=3�0;;�C74�A4BC��C>�0;;�C74��78206>0=B�F7>�F>D;3�;8BC4=��

'>�F7H�383���;8:4�8C�0C�0;;��+4;;K��6A4F�C>�03<8A4�0B?42CB�>5�0;;�>5�C74B4�0AC8BCB�5>A�38554A4=C�A40B>=B�F7827���F>=OC�4G?;08=�74A4KF7H�383���6A>F�C>�;8:4��B7;4HOB�F>A:B����;;�C74�>?4A0B�>5��B7;4HOB�C70C���:=>F�0A4�10B820;;H� 9DBC�0�70;5�3>I4=�>A�B>�?4>?;4�B8CC8=6� 4027�0C�0�B<0;;� C01;4� C0;:8=6�>=4�0C�0� C8<4��(74B4�>?4A0B�0A4�?A4CCH�B;8<�>=�02C8>=��0=3�4E4=�B;8<<4A�>=�0A80B���=�502C�C74H�DCC4A;H�;02:�4E4AHC78=6�F4� CH?820;;H� 6>� C>� C74� >?4A0� C>� 4G?4A84=24�� =>��0=24�>5�C74�'4E4=�*48;B�� =>�<>DA=5D;� �������� >A�$8;6A8<BO��7>ADB��=>�&834�>5�*0;:HA84B��=>�B?42C02;4��0=3�24AC08=;H�=>�>?4A0C82��� ��� ����������-4C���0;F0HB�58=3��B7;4HOB�>?4A0B�7867;H�4=C4AC08=8=6��

�B7;4HOB�>?4A0B�4G24;�0C�3>8=6�F70C�>?4A0B�0A4�DBD0;;H�C>>�>E4A1;>F=�C>�3>�F4;;���C4;;�BC>A84B��� 4COB�5024�8C��0B�0�64=A4��>?4A0�8B�<>A4�1DBH�3A0<0C8I8=6�BC>A84B��C70=�9DBC�C4;;8=6�C74<���(70COB�F74A4��B7;4H�2><4B�8=���4�2A40C8E4;H�0=BF4AB�C74�@D4BC8>=�>5�7>F�C74�;0CC4A�2>D;3�14�3>=4�F8C78=�C74�>?4A0�64=A4���>F��+8C7� C0BC4�� ?4A542C� ?028=6�� 0=3� 0� ?42D;80A;H� 34C02743� 1D>H0=C� 4<?0C7H�� �B7;4H� 2;4E4A;H� ;4CB�F>A3B�3>�C74�C0;:8=6��

-65-

Page 3: Crash and getting me started:  How Robert Ashley changed my mind

Joshua Banks Mailman

-66-

� �

��20==>C��>5�2>DAB4��8=�<H�>F=�?A>B4�A42A40C4�C74�4G?4A84=24�>5�4=9>H8=6�0=��B7;4H�>?4A0��1DC���20=�A42>D=C� 0=� 4G0<?;4� C70C� 8B� ?0AC82D;0A;H� <4<>A01;4� C>� <4�� �COB� C74� 0?>2AH?70;� L'C>AH� >5� (><0C>�'>D?M��0:0�L�<?8A4M��5A><�78B�����������������������5A><�78B� ���������!���CA8;>6H���C�1468=B��L�DC�C78B�8B� C74�BC>AH�>5� C><0C>�B>D?�0=3�4<?8A4���DA8>DB;H��">AC74A=��DA>?40=B�2>=@D4A43�C74� C><0C>JM�0=3�2>=C8=D4B�28A2D8C>DB;H�C7A>D67�C>�C74��A40C��4?A4BB8>=��8=�F7827��F74=�>A34A8=6�C40�0C�0�38=4A��8C�F0B�C74�C40106�H>D�703�C>�?0H�5>A��=>C�C74�7>C�F0C4A��H>D�F4A4�=>C�270A643�5>A�7>C�F0C4A��1DC�>=;H�5>A�C74�C40106�C>�38?�8=C>�C74�7>C�F0C4A��+4�0;B>�C74=�;40A=�C70C�H>D�2>D;3=OC�9DBC�F0;:�8=C>�0�38=4A�0=3�DB4� C748A�:4C27D?���83� C74H�270A64� 5>A�:4C27D?��">���4C27D?�F0B� 5A44� 85� H>D�>A34A43��A4=27�5A84B�� >A� 0� 70<1DA64A�� >A� B><4C78=6� 4;B4� C>� 6>� F8C7� C74� :4C27D?�� (74=� 05C4A� B><4� 8=C4AE4=8=6�=0AA0C8>=�01>DC�C78B�?0AC82D;0A�3>F=�0=3�>DC��4?A4BB8>=�4A0�<0=�CAH8=6�C>�<0:4�78B�F0H�C7A>D67�0�C>D67�C8<4��F4�;40A=�C70C�74��F8C7�=>C�0�?4==H�C>�78B�=0<4��6>4B�8=C>�0�38=4A��B8CB�0C�C74�2>D=C4A�0=3�>A34AB�7>C�F0C4A�5>A�C40��1DC�0B:B�C74<�C>�7>;3�C74�C40��74O;;�70E4�9DBC�C74�7>C�F0C4A���4�C74=�5;0E>AB�C74�7>C�F0C4A�1H�DB8=6�B><4�>5�C748A�:4C27D?��F7827�05C4A�0;;��H>D�20=�70E4�5>A�5A44��0B�;>=6�0B�H>D�>A34A�B><4C78=6�C>�6>�F8C7�8C��F7827�74�9DBC�383��C74�7>C�F0C4A����=3�B>�C><0C>�B>D?K02@D8A43�5>A�5A44KF0B�1>A=��'>�C74�BC>AH�6>4B����

�B�C74�?D=27�;8=4�F0B�;0=38=6�>=�<H�40AB����703�C74�38BC8=2C�8<?A4BB8>=�>5�7>F�0�'>?7>2;40=�3A0<0�8=2A4<4=C0;;H� D=A0E4;B� 0� A833;4� 1D8;C� >=� B>;83� ;>682KH4C� FAH�� BD==H�� >?C8<8BC82�� 8=� 0=� �<4A820=�E4A=02D;0A�E48=K8C�F0B�0=�#438?DB�D?B834�3>F=�8=B834�>DC�8=�0=�0;C4A=0C4�D=8E4AB4��'D27�<><4=CB�BC82:� C>� <H� A81B�� $4A70?B� �?>BC��<8=8<0;8BC� <DB82� 383=OC� 70E4� C>� 14� B4<0=C820;;H�� 0BB>280C8E4;H��05542C8E4;H�<8=8<0;��>A�<8B4A;H��01B>;DC4��?DA4��0DC>=><>DB����BC>AH�0AC5D;;H�C>;3�F8C7�C74�;867C�C>D27�>5�<8=8<0;8BC�102:6A>D=3�<DB82�� 2>D;3=OC� C70C�14�0=>C74A�:8=3� >5�>?4A0���>D;3=OC� C70C�14�0=>C74A�;468C8<0C4�0E4=D4�>5��?>BC���<8=8<0;8BC�<DB82��

�=�C74�40A;H����B���A403�0�1>>:�20;;43�����������������1H��>F0A3��0A3=4A��F7827�CA84B�C>�4G?;08=�C74�38E4AB8CH� >5� F0HB� C70C� E0A8>DB� 0AC8BCB� 0=3� ?D1;82� 586DA4B� �'86<D=3� �A4D3�� "4;B>=� !D=34;0�� $01;>�$820BB>��!0AC70��A070<��!070C<0��0=3K8���;14AC��8=BC48=���6>A�'CA0E8=B:H��270=643�<0=H�?4>?;4B�<8=3B�� ��5C4A� A4038=6� C70C�1>>:�� ��703� 0� ;>C�<>A4� 0??A4280C8>=� 5>A� 0;;� C74�F0HB�<H�>F=�<8=3�70B�144=�270=643��0=3�5>A�C74�0AC8BCB��0=3�FA8C4AB��F7>B4�F>A:�383�C70C�270=68=6K�O;;�C0:4�B><4�2A438C�C>>�5>A�70E8=6�0�<8=3�F8;;8=6�C>�14�270=643���

������

�B7;4HOB� <>BC� A424=C� 0=3� 58=0;� >?4A0� ������ ����� F0B� ?A4<84A43� 0C� C74� +78C=4H� �84==80;� 8=� ����0??0A4=C;H�F8C7�0;;�C74�?4A5>A<0=24B�B4;;8=6�>DC�� ��>ACD=0C4;H� 8C�F0B�?4A5>A<43�0608=�8=��?A8;�>5�C78B�H40A�0C�&>D;4CC4�8=��A>>:;H=���=3���F0B�01;4�C>�0CC4=3�C74�;0BC�>5�5>DA�?4A5>A<0=24B��

������70B�C7A44�8=C4A;0243�BCA40<B�>5�C4GC�F7>B4�2>=C4=C�8B�8=C4AA4;0C43��4027�BCA40<�8B�34;8E4A43�1H�0�38554A4=C� L270A02C4AM�1DC� C74� E>20;8BC� ?4A5>A<8=6� 4027� 270A02C4A� 8B� A>C0C43� 8=� 4027� 2>=B42DC8E4� 02C��(74A4�0A4�B8G�02CB�0=3�B8G�E>20;8BCB���027�02C�?08AB�4027�270A02C4A�F8C7�0�38554A4=C�E>20;8BC���COB�0�B>AC�>5� 2><18=0C>A80;� 60<18C� 5>A� <0G8<8I8=6� E0A84CHKB><4C78=6� A867C� >DC� >5� �0118CCOB� >A� �0AC4AOB�?;0H1>>:J1DC�34?;>H43�8=�0=�DCC4A;H�38554A4=C�60<4��

�70A02C4A��B?40:B��>A�20BD0;;H�;42CDA4B��0B�85�8=�0=�8=C8<0C4�LC4;4?7>=4M�2>=E4AB0C8>=�01>DC�C74>A84B�>5����<D;C8�H40A�;>=6�2H2;4B�>5�2;8<0G4B�0=3�=038AB�8=�0�?4AB>=OB�;854��0B�F4;;�0B����?7HB820;�BC0CDA4�>5�?4>?;4�� 0=3� ���� 4E4AH>=4B�?A>1;4<B�F8C7�=48671>AB���45>A4�68E8=6� C74� 5;>>A� C>� C74�=4GC� 270A02C4A���70A02C4A� � 0;F0HB� 4=3B� 78B�74A� B?4427� 20BD0;;H� 0558A<8=6�� LJ�� H407M� F7827� 2A40C4B� 0=� 0<DB8=6�B4<0=C820;;H�8=5;42C43�A4?4C8C8E4�2034=24�C>�C74�4=C8A4�4E4=8=6�;>=6�05508A��-407����

����������������������������������������������������������� �<8=DC4�4G24A?C�5A><�C74����+78C=4H��84==80;�8B�E84F01;4�0C��7CC?���E8<4>�2><�������

Page 4: Crash and getting me started:  How Robert Ashley changed my mind

Crash

-67-

� ��

�70A02C4A��B?40:B�8=�0�:8=3�>5�1A40C7H�?8C27�8=5;42C43�B8=6�B>=6�270=C��0�B><4F70C�B>>C78=6�0;<>BC�70D=C8=6 2>;;>@D80;� �<4A820=� ������������� C70C� 70B� =>� ?;024� 0=HF74A4� 1DC� 8=� �B7;4HOB� ?4A542C�2>=2>2C8>=��$42D;80A�<0;0384B�0A4�C74�BD1942C�>5��70A02C4A�OB�C4GC��

�70A02C4A� �� B?40:B� 0DC>18>6A0?7820;;H�� A42>D=C8=6� 5>A<0C8E4� 4E4=CB� >5� C74� <0=�BD1942COB� ;854��0;C7>D67� 70;5� C74� C8<4� 8B� A4=34A43� 1H� 0� 54<0;4� E>20;8BC��� �70A02C4A� �� 70B� 0=� 4=340A8=6� E>20;�<0==4A8B<� >5� ?0DB8=6� 145>A4� 0=3� BCA4C278=6� >DC� 24AC08=�F>A3B�� 0=>C74A� 540CDA4� C70C� 2>=CA81DC4B� 0�38BC8=2C;H�<DB820;�@D0;8CH��F7827���@D8C4�4=9>H��

�>A�>33�=D<14A43�02CB�� C74� C7A44�E>20;8BCB� B40C43�4027�0C�78B�>A�74A�>F=�B<0;;� C01;4� C>� C74� ;45C�>5�BC064�24=C4A� A4=34A43� C74� C7A44�270A02C4AB�� �!40=F78;4� C74�E>20;8BCB� B40C43�0C� C01;4B� C>� C74� A867C�>5�24=C4A�BC064�022><?0=843�F8C7�E06D4;H�A7HC7<82�3A>=4�270=C8=6��0�B>AC�>5�<DCC4A43�?8C2743�278C�270C��C74�?8C27�<0C4A80;�148=6�D=>1CADB8E4;H�CA80382�?4=C0C>=82�70A<>=8I0C8>=��(74A4�8B�=>�8=BCAD<4=C0;�>A�4;42CA>=82�022><?0=8<4=C�� ��>A�C74�4E4=�=D<14A43�02CB�� C74�A867C��0=3� ;45C�B834�E>20;8BCB�BF8C2743��B>�C70C�C7>B4�>=�C74�A867C�A4=34A43�C74�C7A44�270A02C4AB��0=3�C7>B4�>=�C74�;45C�A4=34A43�C74�102:3A>?�>5�27>A30;�<DCC4A8=6��

(74A4�8B�E8BD0;�022><?0=8<4=C�� �L(7A44�B8<D;C0=4>DB��1DC�=>C�BH=27A>=8I43�?7>C>6A0?7B�34?82C8=6�E0BC�� 140DC85D;� ;0=3B20?4B�M� � +8C7>DC� 148=6� 38BCA02C8=6� >A� 0??0A4=C;H� A4;4E0=C�� C74B4� BD1;8<8=0;;H�8<1D43� C74� B4=B4� >5�F4;;�148=6� >=4� 64CB� 5A><� 5A><� 148=6� 8=� 0�F834� >?4=� B?024�� (74� ?A>942C8>=B�B4AE43�0B�50DG�F8=3>FB�>=C>�C74�>DCB834�F>A;3��(7DB�8=�0�B>AC�>5�8=E4AB8>=�>5�C74�DBD0;�A4;0C8>=B78?�14CF44=�E8BD0;B�0=3�<DB82�>A� C4GC�� C74B4�E8BD0;B�>5��B7;4HOB�������142><4�0=�0<184=C�102:6A>D=3��3H=0<82� B24=82� F0;;?0?4A�� B4CC8=6� 0� <>>3� F8C7>DC� 0CCA02C8=6� 0CC4=C8>=�� 4G24?C� ?4A70?B� ;8:4�&>AB27027�1;>CB��0B�5>334A�5>A�5A44�0BB>280C8>=��

�;;� C74� E>20;8BCB� 34;8E4A43� C748A� ;8=4B� F8C7� ?4A542C� C8<8=6� 0=3� 8=5;42C8>=�� -4C� �<8AC70� �830<18OB�A4=38C8>=�>5��70A02C4A���8=��2C���4B?4280;;H�6>C�<H�0CC4=C8>=����20=OC�5>A64C�C74�?0BB064�C70C�6>4B�;8:4�C78B��L+4�703�0�?>=H�5>A�0�2>D?;4�>5�H40AB��F4�703�0�6>0C��0=3�.?0DB4/�2782:4=B���782:4=B�0A4�70A3�C>�.?0DB4/�340;�F8C7��1DC�F4�703� A>FB�>5� 6A0?4B� 0=3�6A0?4B� 68E4� .?0DB4/� 6A0?4� 9D824��+74=� C74� 6A0?4�9D824� 6>4B���� 8=� C74�<0:8=6�� H>D� 5443� C74� .?0DB4/� 6A0?4<0B7� C>� C74� 2782:4=B��"4GC�<>A=8=6� C74�.?0DB4/�� �����F4A4�0;;������M��

�=3�C78B��LJ>=;H�58E4�?4>?;4�8=�C74�F>A;3�D=34ABC>>3��8=BC48=OB�C74>AHJ.01>DC�0�<8=DC4�>A�CF>�>5�8=C4AE4=8=6� C4GC� B44<8=6;H� 01>DC� B><4C78=6� 4;B4/����C� F0B� C0:8=6� D?� 0� ;>C� >5�<H� C8<4� 9DBC� C78=:8=6�01>DC�58E4�?4>?;4�M���=�0=>C74A�02C��F74=��4;B8��4;;�A4=34AB��70A02C4A���F4�;40A=�<>A4�01>DC�7>F�?4>?;4�B44<�C>�BD554A�0�L=038A�4E4AH���H40AB�M�C74=�0�54F�<8=DC4B�;0C4A��F4�740A�C74�A42>D=C8=6�>5�0=�0=423>C4��70??4=8=6��0B�8C�CDA=B�>DC����H40AB�05C4A�>=4�>5�C74�7867?>8=CB�>5�78B�;854��(78=6B�703�C0:4=�0�CDA=�5>A�C74�F>AB4���5C4A�<D27�8=C4AE4=8=6�C4GC�F4�740A�L��B083�C>�<H�5A84=3�C70C���F0B�C78=:8=6�>5�:8;;8=6�<HB4;5���!H�5A84=3�B083��N74H��5A84=3B�3>=OC�3>�C70C�C>�5A84=3B�O�-407��4G24?C�4E4AH���H40AB��-407�M�

(7>D67�CA0682� 8C�F0B�0;B>�0�2><4382�20;;102:��0�1468==8=6�2;4E4A;H�A4?DA?>B43�0B�0=�4=38=6�� �(74A4�0A4�<0=H� BD27�<><4=CB� 8=�������� � $4A70?B� 544;8=6�<HB4;5� 8=� 0�<DB820;� B4CC8=6�� C74B4� C4GCD0;�<8=8�4?8?70=84B� BC8<D;0C4�<H�<DB820;�<4<>AH��A4<8=38=6�<4�>5�>C74A�4G?4A84=24B�� BD27�0B�F74=��� 58ABC�740A3� DC>B;0FB:8OB�(78A3�'H<?7>=H��F74=� C74��0��0��0��0��F7827� BC0ACB� C74� BH<?7>=H� 0=3� 8CB�E0A8>DB� ?A>24BB8E4� BD1B42C8>=B�� B4AE4B� D;C8<0C4;H� C>� 4=3� C74� ?8424� 8=� 0� 2><?4;;8=6� 5;0B7� >5�4=20?BD;0C8>=�C70C�1;8=3B8343�<4�F74=���58ABC�740A3�8C��

Page 5: Crash and getting me started:  How Robert Ashley changed my mind

Joshua Banks Mailman

-68-� ��

�468==8=6�0=3�4=38=6�>5� DC>B;0FB:8OB�(78A3�'H<?7>=H�

��E4AH�50<8;80A�4G0<?;4�8B�C74�4=3�>5�C74�A>=3>�>5��0H3=OB�L�>:4M�%D0AC4C��(74�>?4=8=6�B4AE4B�0B�C74�2;>B8=6K0B�85�2744:8;H�>=;H����:=4F�5A><�C74�64C�6>�C70C�8C�2>D;3�3>�B>���

�J�

JC74=�05C4A� ��>A�B>�8=C4AE4=8=6�<40BDA4BJ�

� � �� ��������� ����� ���� �

Page 6: Crash and getting me started:  How Robert Ashley changed my mind

Crash

-69-

� �

�C�C74�?4A5>A<0=24�>5��������C74A4�F4A4�B>�<0=H�>5��B7;4HOB�;8=4B���5>D=3�<HB4;5�34B?4A0C4;H�CAH8=6�C>�20C27�0=3�A4<4<14A���608=�1420DB4��B7;4HOB�F>A:� 8B�>BC4=B81;H�0�<DB820;�F>A:�� �� 5>D=3�<HB4;5�148=6� BCAD2:� 1H� 24AC08=� A4B>=0=24B� >5� 4G?4A84=24� F8C7� >C74A� <DB82�� (74� F0H� 78B� C4GC� F>D;3�B><4C8<4B� 0<DB8=6;H� :44?� 28A2;8=6� 102:� 0A>D=3� C>� C74� B0<4�F>A3��F8C7� 4027� >22DAA4=24� 022AD8=6�38554A4=C�B7034B�>5�<40=8=6�1420DB4�>5�8CB�A42DAA4=24��

'><47>F���58=3�BD27�?0BB064B�>5�?A>B4�F8CCHK4B?4280;;H�05C4A�C74�C4GC�<>E4B�>=�C>�>C74A�<0C4A80;KC74�34;867C5D;�8<?A4BB8>=�8B�54;C��0B�F74=���=>C824�C74�2DA;8=6�0A>D=3�>5�0�?8C27�>A�?8C27�?08A�A42DAA8=6�8=�C74�B42>=3�C74<4�>5�'27D14ACOB�������������"�����"�>A�C74�>?4=8=6�>5��0118CCOB���� �������������

L-40A�5>DA�F0B�<H�58ABC�2D?�>5�.?0DB4/�2>5544���!H�<>C74A�703�C>�6>�F>A:�B>�B74�<034�<4�0�2D?�>5�.?0DB4/�2>5544���A><�C70C�<><4=C�C7A>D67�C74�A4BC�>5�<H�;854���70E4�3AD=:�0B�<D27�.?0DB4/�2>5544�0B���20=JM��4G24A?C�5A><��B7;4HOB���������

'27D14AC��L)=58=8B743M�'H<?7>=H��<>EC����B42>=3�C74<4��

!8;C>=��0118CC����� ������������<<�����

�<��� 9DBC� 5A44�0BB>280C8=6� 8=C4AC4GCD0;8CH�� �'DA4��+7H�=>C�� ��=3�<H� 5A44�0BB>280C8=6� 8B�<4380C43�1H��B7;4HOB�F>A:KB><4�>5�<H�50E>A8C4��?4AB>=0;��?4A70?B�4E4=�<>BC�>A868=0;�C7>D67CB��0A8B4�<4380C43�1H�>C74A�?4>?;4B�F>A:����=�?0AC82D;0A���B7;4HOB�?8424B�70E4�6>CC4=�<4�C>�740A�C74�<DB82�8=�B?4427�����740A� C74�D=8@D4�L<DB82M� �C74�0558=8CH� �� 58=3�� 8=� C74�?42D;80A8C84B�>5�38554A4=C�?4>?;4BO� B?4427�0=3� 8=�C748A�F0H�>5�C4;;8=6�C748A�BC>A84B���>A�C70C���C70=:�H>D�!A���B7;4H���

��