COVID-19, · 2021. 4. 17. · 3 Natural Sciences Symptoms of acute respiratory infection include the following: • Fever (usually above 38 C) • Sore throat or cough • Joint pain

The workbook 1. Natural Sciences, Third grade of Basic Education, es propiedad de la

Secretaría de Estado en el Despacho de Educación, fue elaborado por docentes de las

Direcciones Departamentales de Educación, en el marco de la emergencia nacional

COVID-19, en respuesta a las necesidades de seguimiento al proceso enseñanza

aprendizaje en centros educativos gubernamentales de Honduras, C. A.

Presidencia de la República

Secretaría de Estado en el Despacho de Educación

Subsecretaría de Asuntos Administrativos y Financieros

Subsecretaría de Asuntos Técnico Pedagógicos

Dirección General de Currículo y Evaluación

Subdirección General de Educación Básica

Dirección General de Modalidades Educativas

Subdirección General de Educación para Pueblos Indígenas y Afrohondureños

Adaptation

Olancho Departmental Directorate of Education

Wendy Cristina Martínez

Ángel Amílcar Colindres

Technical-graphic and pedagogical review

General Directorate for Technological and Educational Innovation

Curriculo Review

General Sub-Directorate for Basic Education

Gladis Lourdes Aguilera Aguilar

Diseño y Diagramación

Yadira Yaneth Figueroa Alvarenga

Carlos Humberto Alvarado Lozano

Eleazar Tomé Escobar

© Secretary of Education

1st street, between 2nd and 4th avenue of Comayagüela, MDC,

Honduras, CA

www.se.gob.hn

Workbook 1, Natural Sciences, Third grade

2020 single edition

FREE DISTRIBUTION - SALE PROHIBITED

Presentation

In the face of the national emergency generated by Covid-19, boys, girls,

adolescents, young people, parents, the Secretary of Education, makes this

study and work tool available for the I, II and III cycle of Education Basic (1st

to 9th grade) that will allow you to continue your studies on a regular basis,

guaranteeing that you can stay at home and at the same time obtain the

relevant knowledge and develop your skills.

Dad, mom, tutor or manager and teacher will help you review each lesson

and clarify any doubts you may have. Your job is to develop the activities,

exercises and can be carried out with resources at hand and that are raised

in the Work notebook, in an orderly, creative and clean way, to later present

it to their teachers when we return to the Educational Center.

Secretary of State in the Office of Education

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Natural Sciences

We explore

1. We look at the image and comment.

(CHANGES IN RELATION TO THE PREVIOUS (Add an image related to breathing)

2. We answer a. What does the image represent?

b. What are respiratory infections?

c. What are the most common respiratory infections?

Acute Respiratory Infections (IRA)

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d. We mention if we know some symptoms that respiratory infections present.

Acute respiratory infection (ARI), is an infection that affects the upper and / or lower

airways, causing mild to severe disease that can be transmitted from person to

person.

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are classified into two types:

• Upper respiratory tract infections

• Lower respiratory tract infections

Upper respiratory infections

The upper airways include infections that affect from the nostril to the vocal cords

in the larynx, including the Para nasal sinuses and the middle ear.

Upper respiratory infections include:

• Rhinitis (common cold)

• Sinusitis

• Ear infections

• Acute pharyngitis or pharyngotonsillitis

• Epiglottitis

• Laryngitis

Ear infections and pharyngitis cause the most severe complications (deafness and

acute rheumatic fever, respectively).

Lower respiratory tract infections

The lower airways include infections that affect from the trachea and bronchi to

the bronchioles and alveoli.

The most common lower respiratory infections include:

• Bronchiolitis

• Pneumonia.

ARIs are the most common causes of illness and mortality in children under the age

of five, averaging three to six episodes of ARI annually.

Symptoms of acute respiratory infection

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Natural Sciences

Symptoms of acute respiratory infection include the following:

• Fever (usually above 38 C)

• Sore throat or cough

• Joint pain

• Headache

• Chest pain

• Breathing difficulty

Causes of acute respiratory infection: The most common causes of ARI are viruses,

the most frequent are:

1. Respiratory syncytial virus

2. Rhinovirus

3. Influenza

4. Adenovirus

5. Coronavirus (Covid 19)

Respiratory infections can be prevented by following some basic tips:

• Wash your hands frequently with soap and water or alcohol wipes; especially

after sneezing, when you have had contact with a sick person, or if you touch

objects that could be contaminated.

• Wear a mask.

• Drink plenty of fluids (water, fresh fruit juices or hot soups) and eat a balanced

diet that includes fruits and vegetables (rich in vitamins and minerals), as it helps

the body's immune system to function better.

• Protect yourself from the cold, wrap yourself well, avoid currents, sudden changes

in temperature, expose yourself to the cold with wet hair ... Avoid charged

environments (Beware of excess heating and air conditioning).

• Particularly avoid cold or very dry environments, with smoke or where people are

coughing or with other respiratory symptoms.

• Take care of personal hygiene and avoid sharing meals, glasses, plates, cutlery

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• Wash clothes frequently, including scarves, hats, gloves, and coats.

• Do not smoke.

• Get regular physical exercise.

• Rest and get enough sleep (7-8 hours)

1. Write about the importance of practicing hygiene measures, to avoid

becoming infected with acute respiratory diseases.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________

2. Do a research and make a summary in the notebook, about coronavirus

(covid 19), an acute respiratory disease that is affecting the population of all

countries worldwide.

3. With the help of a family member, I complete the following table:

Acute Respiratory Diseases Signs and symptoms of

the disease

Precautionary

measures

4. Write on the line, the word that completes the statement:

We delay

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Natural Sciences

a. The ___________________ and the ___________________ They are the most

common lower respiratory infections.

b. The______________________It is the respiratory viral disease that is currently a

pandemic in the world.

c. ______________________ And _____________________ are two precautions that

we must take to avoid getting COVID 19.

Needs of human beings

We explore

1. We look at the image and comment.

(Image from student's book, page 10-COMPLETE)

2. We write in the notebook, the list of the basic and specific needs of the

image that they present to us.

3. We respond with the help of parents, guardians or guardians:

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Natural Sciences

a. ¿What are the basic needs of people?

b. ¿Why must basic needs be met?

c. What is the role of food and water in the body?

d. Who is responsible for meeting our basic needs?

e. What other needs do people have?

f. What is the difference between a basic and a specific need?

g. What consequences does the person not meet their needs

Basic and specific? LECCI

We learn

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Natural Sciences

WE DEMONSTRATE

Basic and Specific needs

The environment is everything that surrounds us cove water plants and animals

are sources of satisfaction of basic needs. Since its origin, man has looked for

sots; his basic needs are: breathing air, drink water, food and a physical space

where he lived.

Have we imagined several days without drinking water? What will happen?

Surely we will enter a state of dehydration the body would stop working until

causing death all living things are made of water. At birth the body mass is 75%

sharp. Although not found, the water is present in all the organs and in the

blood that circulate through the body.

Like water, air is essential for life, neither without the origin we obtain From the

air food and energy source that help the normal functioning of the body for

them, we can carry out activities such as study, work, exercise Food must be

become nutrients,

Vitamins and minerals. All human beings must

satisfy their basic needs, for example, from the

time a baby is born, their parents worry about

food.

Through the mate milk and make sure to

breathe well as well as shelter take care of it and

protect it

There are other needs, called specific needs

that

Contribute to our physical and emotional

well-being, such as having a home

clothing, recreation, education and

affection

Water

Is life. Nature is strong in satisfying basic needs, because in it

we find the necessary resources to survive.

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Natural Sciences

We have surely observed a rabbit hole or a bird's nest. Like them, human beings

need a space to live; in general that physical space is a house, built of block, adobe,

brick, planks or even cardboard. Many people in Honduras are not satisfied with the

need for decent housing.

We observe the types of housing in Honduras, according to the characteristics of

the population. P. from student book 12).

1. I make a list of the materials that are used to build the types of housing that

appear in the image.

Imagen 1 ________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Picture 2 ________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Picture 3 ________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Miskito house in

Wampusirpe.

Slow housing of the

camp Lempira.

Housing located in

the city of

Tegucigalpa.

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Natural Sciences

2. I write with the help of my parents, guardians or caregivers, a story about the

specific needs of the human being. Using the following images:

(image of the workbook, page 4)

WE VALUE

I enclose in a circle, always with the help of my parents, guardians or guardians,

the statement that I consider correct:

1. Our needs for affection are met when:

a. We lock ourselves up to watch television.

b. We share with family and friends.

2. Access to education is:

a. A right of all children.

b. An opportunity for some sectors.

3. A basic need is one that:

a. I can get used to not satisfying it.

b. It is indispensable for life.

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4. I summarize what I have learned about the needs of human beings.

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________

5. In the homework notebook, we complete the following sentences.

a. My basic needs are met by: ___________________________

b. My specific needs are met by: ________________________

c. When I am an adult, I will have to meet the basic needs of______

________________________________________________________________

WATER IN THE HUMAN BODY

We explore

(image from student's book, page 14)

1. We play

a. We stand up.

b. We move the head forward, back and sideways

c. We make movements with the shoulders, arms, hands and ankles.

d. We play with members of our family, making body movements, facing

each other, imitating every movement we make.

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e. We jump, jog, run and drink water.

2. We answer

To. Why is water important?

b. Why do we feel thirsty when we are tired?

c. Why do we sweat when we exercise?

d. What happens if we don't drink water in one day?

And. What foods provide water to the body? Why?

3. We wrote, with the help of a family member, a short story, where we

mentioned the uses we make of water and its importance for the body.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

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Importance of the water in our body

Water is the most abundant liquid in the human body. Water is a colorless,

tasteless and odorless liquid; that is to say, it does not have color, taste or

smell when it is in its highest degree of purify. The functions that water fulfills in

our body are the following: regulate tempter, transport oxygen, protect vital

organs (heart and brain), promote the absorption of nutrients and help

eliminate waste through urine and the swat.

When doing physical activities or finding ourselves in a hot situation the

human body has a cooling mechanism that we call sweat or perspiration.

When we do not drink the necessary amount of water, our body could

become dehydrated and cause symptoms of fever, vomiting or diarrhea

and excessive sweating.

Drinking between 6 and 8 glasses of water a

day reduces the chances that we become

dehydrated, as well as consuming healthy

foods such as fruits and vegetables since they

contain a high percentage of water, for

example: melon, carrot, beets, potatoes,

orange, etc.

Water is essential for everyone’s life, which is

why its conservation and the protection of

water sources are necessary, such as the

Laurels dams, the Francisco Morazán

hydroelectric Power plant, the Chamelecón

Rivers, and Ulúa that supply the Sula Valley

Rivers, lakes and lagoons favor agricultural

production.

About 3 parts of the human body are water that means that for

every 100 pounds a person 70 pounds contain wáter.

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Natural Sciences

We demonstrate

When we become dehydrated, our body presents some symptoms such as: thirst,

headache, dry mouth.

1. We elaborate in this space, drawings with messages about the importance

of water in our body.

2. We read the following statements about the importance of water. We write

its meaning, in the spaces of each sentence:

a. We will never recognize the value of the water until the well is dry.

Autor: Thomas fuller

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________

b. Save the water and she will save you. Unknown author

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________

c. When you conserve water, you conserve life. Unknown author.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________

3. With the help of a relative, I write a stanza of a song alluding to the rain or

the rivers of my country.

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Natural Sciences

To the Caption Lindo River

WE VALUE

We consider water to be a natural resource for human beings. We recognize its

uses by observing the following images, and we discuss with our families:

3. Keijal really enjoys drinking water; let's help him get to the other side

of the maze, so he can enjoy himself. (Image from page 8 of the workbook. The labyrinth)

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4. I read carefully and enclose the letter that contains the correct answer

A. Dehydration happens when the body lacks:

to. Water b. food c. vitamin

B. Function that water plays in our body:

to. food b. carry oxygen c. vitamins

C. Percentage of water that the body has when we are born:

to. 90% b. 100% c. 75%

D. It is the quantity of glasses with water that is recommended to take daily:

to. 6 to 8 glasses b. 12 glasses c. 1 glass

5. I summarize what I have learned about the importance of water in our body

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Importance of balanced diet

Good health

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Natural Sciences

2. We wrote in the notebook, a story similar to what we read; We create

characters that represent food and that relate its importance in our body.

3. We answer

a. What is the Alimentation?

b. What kind of food do we consume?

We explore

We read the following text.

The food festival

In the kitchen, food is prepared to make a party. The

fruits and vegetables dressed in gala are prepared

of course, the comes and the very happy cereals

begin to bullet having a good time that they will never

forget

The vegetables comment-we are more important for

the body, but the fruits chorister clear that not if there

is someone important in this party it is us. Seeing

what was happening quickly the meats exclaimed

with joy, calm, we are all of great importance to

humans, so it is necessary that they prepare us

prepare us properly and consume us daily.

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c. Where does the food come from?

d. Why are foods important to our body?

We learn

Nutritional value of food.

The health and proper functioning of our bodies depend on good nutrition. Food provides us

with the energy necessary to carry out daily activities. Food can be classified into

carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and lipids.

Carbohydrates: the main function is to supply

energy to maintain body temperature and they

are found in foods such as the only starchy

vegetables (cassava, stem, years, breads and

ceredes) and fruits such as probe, banana and

mango

Proteins: they help repair muscles, produce hair

and skin, protect against infections and transport

blood to the blood. They are found in the eats

(chicken, pork, and beef). Such as beans, lentils,

peas, among others.

Vitamins are founds in most foods and is

necessary for growth. Vitamin A is found in

milk, cheese, egg yolk, vitamin C is found in

orange, vitamin B in meats and cereals.

Minerals fulfill the function of forming strong holes,

strong teeth host foramina nervous imputes that

participate in the coagulation of blood. We find

them in cereals and daily products such as

cheeses, butter and fish

Lipids are large that you get from plant and animal foods just as carbohydrates

provide energy to the body.

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Natural Sciences

WE DEMONSTRATE

Find the food in the alphabet soup and highlight the carbohydrates in yellow, the proteins

in red, the vitamins in blue, and the minerals

Bean Cheese Sugar Soya

Orange Fiber Meat

Lentils Peas

Banana

potato

Butter

Cassava

Milk

Classify and write in the following table the foods that we find in the text book.

Carbohydrates Protein Vitamins Minerals

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Natural Sciences

Complete the table with the name of the foundations we consume regularly and we

classify them in natural (fruits, vegetables and other) and packaged (milk, soft drinks).

Natural foods Wrapped foods

Summarize in the table the nutritional value of food

Lats valué

Write a healthy lunch that include all the nutrient

Workbook 1 - Natural Sciences Third grade of Basic Education

Printed and published by the Secretary of Education In the framework of the national emergency COVID-19

Tegucigalpa, MDC, Honduras, CA 2020