For More Papers Visit http://www.IGNOUGuess.com IGNOU Papers - IGNOU Forum – IGNOU Articles @ IGNOUGuess.com Course Code : MCS-022 Course Title : Operating System Concepts and Networking Management Assignment Number : MCA (2) / 022 / Assign/06 Maximum Marks : 100 Weightage : 25% Last Date of Submission : 15 th October, 2006 Answer each part of the question should be confined to about 300 words. Question 1. Describe the basic characteristics of modern operating system with appropriate examples. Answer. An operating system (OS) is a software program that manages the hardware and software resources of a computer. A key component of system software, the OS performs basic tasks, such as controlling and allocating memory, prioritizing the processing of instructions, controlling input and output devices, facilitating networking, and managing files. Modern operating systems are able to simulate execution of many processes at once (multi-tasking) even under a single CPU. Modern operating systems offer many cool interface features to make our lives easier. Some examples of modern operating systems are: Linux, Windows, Solaris, Mac, etc. Some services and features provided by most modern operating systems are listed below: • Process management: Every action on a computer, be it background services or applications, is run inside a process. • Memory management: The memory manager in an OS coordinates the memories by tracking which one is available, which is to be allocated or deallocated and how to swap between the main memory and secondary memories. • Disk and file systems: Operating systems have a variety of native file systems. • Networking: Most modern operating systems are capable of using the now-universal TCP/IP networking protocols. This means that one system can appear on a network of the other and share resources such as files, printers, and scanners. • Security: Security as it pertains to the operating system is the ability to authenticate users prior to access, categorize the level of access the user has, and limit access based on a policy placed by administration. • Graphical user interfaces: Today, most modern operating systems contain Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs, pronounced gooeys). A few older operating systems tightly integrated the GUI to the kernel—for example, the original implementations of Windows and Mac OS. More modern operating systems are modular, separating the graphics subsystem from the kernel (as is now done in Mac OS X and all Windows versions based on Windows NT) • Device drivers: A device driver is a specific type of computer software developed to allow interaction with hardware devices. Example 1: Features of Multics operating System • Segmented memory • Virtual memory
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Course Code : MCS-022
Course Title : Operating System Concepts and Networking
Management
Assignment Number : MCA (2) / 022 / Assign/06
Maximum Marks : 100
Weightage : 25%
Last Date of Submission : 15th
October, 2006
Answer each part of the question should be confined to about 300 words.
Question 1. Describe the basic characteristics of modern operating system with appropriate
examples.
Answer. An operating system (OS) is a software program that manages the hardware and software
resources of a computer. A key component of system software, the OS performs basic tasks, such as
controlling and allocating memory, prioritizing the processing of instructions, controlling input and
output devices, facilitating networking, and managing files. Modern operating systems are able to
simulate execution of many processes at once (multi-tasking) even under a single CPU. Modern
operating systems offer many cool interface features to make our lives easier. Some examples of
modern operating systems are: Linux, Windows, Solaris, Mac, etc.
Some services and features provided by most modern operating systems are listed below:
• Process management: Every action on a computer, be it background services or applications, is
run inside a process.
• Memory management: The memory manager in an OS coordinates the memories by tracking
which one is available, which is to be allocated or deallocated and how to swap between the
main memory and secondary memories.
• Disk and file systems: Operating systems have a variety of native file systems.
• Networking: Most modern operating systems are capable of using the now-universal TCP/IP
networking protocols. This means that one system can appear on a network of the other and
share resources such as files, printers, and scanners.
• Security: Security as it pertains to the operating system is the ability to authenticate users prior
to access, categorize the level of access the user has, and limit access based on a policy placed
by administration.
• Graphical user interfaces: Today, most modern operating systems contain Graphical User
Interfaces (GUIs, pronounced gooeys). A few older operating systems tightly integrated the GUI
to the kernel—for example, the original implementations of Windows and Mac OS. More
modern operating systems are modular, separating the graphics subsystem from the kernel (as is
now done in Mac OS X and all Windows versions based on Windows NT)
• Device drivers: A device driver is a specific type of computer software developed to allow
interaction with hardware devices.
Example 1: Features of Multics operating System
• Segmented memory
• Virtual memory
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• High-level language implementation
• Multi-language support
• Relational database
• Security
• Dynamic linking
• On-line reconfiguration
• Accounting & administration softwares
Example 2: Some Features of Windows vista operating System
• Windows Aero: Windows Aero is an environment with an additional level of visual
sophistication, one that is even more responsive and manageable, providing a further level of
clarity and confidence to Windows users.
• Live taskbar thumbnails: Resting the mouse pointer over a taskbar item displays a live
thumbnail of the window, showing the content of that window.
• Windows Search: significantly faster and more thorough search capabilities.
• Windows Sidebar: A new panel on the right-hand side of the screen where a user can place
Desktop Gadgets, which are small applets designed for a specialized purpose (such as
displaying the weather or sports scores).
• Parental controls: Allows administrators to control which websites, programs, and games each
standard user can use and install.
• Speech recognition is fully integrated into Vista, which can be "trained" to understand a user's
voice, to activate commands in any Windows application, and to enable voice dictation.
• SuperFetch is a memory management strategy that intelligently maintains optimal memory
content based on historic usage patterns on the Window-based PC.
• ReadyBoost The use of a flash device that supports Windows ReadyBoost technology extends
the disk caching capabilities of Windows Vista main memory.
• ReadyDrive uses Hybrid Hard Disk Drives (H HDD), which are standard rotating media
augmented with a large cache of nonvolatile flash memory, to speed up operations.
• User Account Control is a new security technology that allows Windows to operate effectively
as a "standard" user with fewer privileges.
• BitLocker Drive Encryption is a data protection feature that provides encryption for the entire
OS volume that will only be included in the Enterprise and Ultimate editions of Vista.
• Windows Service Hardening prevents Windows Services from doing operations on file systems,
registry or networks which they are not supposed to by automatically running each service in a
separate user account, thereby preventing entry of malware by piggybacking on system services.
• Windows Firewall with Advanced Security: Supports filtering both incoming and outgoing
traffic.
• Windows Defender: Microsoft's Anti-spyware product has been incorporated into Windows,
offering protection against spyware and other threats.
• The WIM image format is the cornerstone of Microsoft's new deployment and packaging
system.
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• The Windows Communication Foundation or WCF, formerly code-named Indigo: a service-
oriented messaging subsystem which will enable applications and systems to interoperate
locally or remotely using Web services.
• Windows CardSpace or WCS, formerly code-named InfoCard, is a software component which
securely stores digital identities of a person, and provides a unified interface for choosing the
identity for a particular transaction, such as logging into a website.
Question 2.
Examine the LAN set up at your study centre and answer the following questions:
(i) Sketch the diagram showing various components: Switch, Hub, Nods, Cables,
Router, and Bridges.
(ii) LAN topology
(iii) Bandwidth of the channel.
(iv) What Networking O/S is installed?
Answer. A computer network is a group of computers and devices like printers, scanners, modems,
etc. that are connected together. Computer networking provides the communication tools that allow
computers to share information and services. Working on a network allows you to share resources
like data, programs and peripherals. Our study centre uses a hub and switches to connect computers
in the network. They are not using any bridge. The topology used is star topology. The following
figure shows the schematic diagram of the network:
Number of machines connected in the network along with their complete configuration.
A total of 8 computers have been connected to the network. The company uses the Ethernet LAN.
Configuration :- P-III Processor, 20GB Hard disk, 12 8 MB Ram, Monitor 17” and Mouse etc.
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Server: P IV, 60 GB hard disk RAD technology, 256 MB ram, 17 inch monitor.
Number of ports of the hub with specifications.
In data communications, a hub is a place of convergence where data arrives from one or more
directions and is forwarded out in one or more other directions. Hubs are multi port repeaters, and
as such they obey the same rules as repeaters. Hubs are used to provide a Physical Star Topology.
At the center of the star is the Hub, with the network nodes located on the tips of the star. The hub
acts as a termination point for all the nodes. The Hub used is of DLink Limited. It contains 16
ports. This means a total of 16 computers can be connected to the network using the hub. The
following figure shows how a hub connects the computers in a star topology:
Applications running on the network with their brief description.
The various application running on the network. There are
a. Send mail system (Email)
b. Printer services
c. Turbo C
d. Active directory services
e. Internet using proxy server
f. FTP
g. Tel net
1) Send mail system (E—Mail) : Electronic mail; E mail is a system used over internet to
transfer messages. It consists of two subsystem. The user agents which allow people to reads
and send mail and the massage transfer agents, which move the message form source to
destination.
E-mail system supports following give basic function
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• Composition
• Transfer
• Reporting
• Displaying
• Disposition
2) Printer services : When we do work on network we need printer services. Printing services is
very important thing when we need some paper work.
3) Turbo C: Turbo C is used for C programming. Its is a compiler
4) FTP: File transfer protocol is used to access and download files over internet. It require a
FTP server to run FTP protocol for a FTP server starts with ftp://. Faster fetching IP address
of host from DNS using host name the browser than established a TCP connection to host
over that connection. It sends the file name using ftp:// prefix.
Speed of the LAN and the protocol
Local Area Network is a collection of interconnected computers that can share data, applications,
and resources, such as printers. Computers in a LAN are separated by distances of up to a few
kilometers and are typically used in offices or across university campuses. A LAN enables the fast
and effective transfer of information within a group of users and reduces operational costs. The
speed of LAN in our study centre is 100 mbps and it is an ethernet LAN.
Specification of cable used and its length.
The LAN has been connected using fiber optical cable. The specification of cable is 100BaseF, fiber
optics. It covers a maximum segment of 2000m and supports a maximum of 1024 nodes.
Networking features of the server operating system.
Windows Server 2003 is the server operating system that helps you do more with less—both today
and in the future, as the new product roadmap reveals.
Networking and Communications
Secure network
communications
End-to-end encrypted communications across your company
network using the IPSec standard. Great for protecting sensitive
internal communications from intentional or accidental viewing.
Active Directory provides central policy control for its use to
make it deployable.
Routing and Remote Access
Service
Connects remote workers, telecommuters, and branch offices to
the corporate network through dial-up, leased line and Internet
links.
Virtual private networking
(VPN)
A full-featured gateway that encrypts communications to
securely connect remote users and satellite offices over the
Internet. Now with an updated PPTP support and advanced
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security with Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol encrypted by IPSec.
Dynamic DNS The Active Directory integrated, Internet standards-based
Domain Name System (DNS) service simplifies object naming
and location through Internet protocols, and improves scalability,
performance and interoperability. Systems that receive addresses
from a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server are
automatically registered in DNS. Replication options with legacy
DNS systems and through Active Directory can simplify and
strengthen name replication infrastructure.
Microsoft Connection
Manager Administration Kit
and Connection Point
Services
These wizard-driven tools let administrators centrally configure
and deploy customized remote access dialers that can integrate