Country presentation mukhtar rasekh

بسم هللا الرحمن الرحیم

Country Report - AFGHANISTAN

Presenters:...

Ab Mukhtar Rasekh

NUEPA/IDEPA33

February 1 – April 30, 2017National University Of Educational Planning & Administration

New Delhi - India

Islamic Republic Of Afghanistan

The Land Of Kindness

After fall of the Taliban

Afghanistan opened a

new bright chapter after

collapse of the Taliban

regime: The Taliban

regime was falling down

by the Leader of

(Northern Alliance) LateMarshal Fahim by support

of NATO forces in 2002.

Afghanistan is a 41st

largest country in the

world it covered 652230

square kilometers, and

also It has a population of

approximately 33 million,

making it the 42nd most

populous country in the

world, Afghanistan. is a

landlocked country within

south Asia and Central

Asia. It has 34 provinces.

Demographic of Afghanistan:

Area – 652,230 SKM

Border-5,539 KM

Pak - 2,430 KM

TJK – 1,206 KM

Iran – 936 KM

Turkm – 744 KM

Uzbek – 137 KM

China – 76 KM

Population & State Being

Population is 33 Million as of 2013

A Muslim state (99% Muslim, 1%

Sikhs, Hindus and Jews)

Official languages are Pashto and

Dari

Other spoken languages are Uzbek,

Turkmen, Balochi, Pashayi, Hindi and

Nuristani

Official currency is Afghani, ISO 4217

and code is AFN. (Exchange 1USD =

66.5 AFN).

Current Population 33 370 037

Current male

population (51.7%)17 263 174

Current female

population (48.3%)16 106 863

GDP More than 60.6$ billion

GDP growth 1.5%

GDP Per Capita $1,937

Unemployment 40.1%

Inflation Rate 4.6%

Urban population as%

total population

2001 2013

21% 26%

Population median age 18.1 years (2013 est.)

Population growth rate 2.29% (2013 est.)

Life expectancy 60. years (2013 est.)

Adult literacy 41.2%

Location And Border It shares land

border with 6

country: Iran,

Tajikistan,

Uzbekistan,

Turkmenistan,

China and

Pakistan.The political history

of the modern

state of

Afghanistan began

with the Hotak and

Durrani dynasties in

the 18th century. In

the late 19th

century,

Freedom

Afghanistan became a buffer state in the “Great Game” between British India and the Russian Empire. Following the Third Anglo-Afghan war in 1919, King Amanullahunsuccessfully attempted to modernize the country.

Zahir Shah’s forty years of monarchy

It remained peaceful during Zahir Shah’s forty years of monarchy. A series of coups in the 1970s was followed by a Soviet invasion and a series of civil wars that devastated much of Afghanistan. This was followed by the recent $100 billion nationwide rebuilding process

The Capital

Kabul is the Capital of Afghanistan, situated at 5,900 feet, Temoor Shah Durranichanged the capital from Kandahar province to Kabul in 1776 till date KABUL is the Capital.

Religion in Afghanistan:

Over 99% of the Afghan population is Muslim; up to 90%

are from the Sunni branch, 9% are Shia and 1% are other

Religion like hindu.sik etc

The Islamic Republic Of Afghanistan is run by:..

Dr. Abdullah Abdullah

The CEO

Chief Executive Officer

Dr. Ashraf Ghani

The President

Afghanistan is an Islamic

republic Islamic consisting of three branches, the executive,

legislative, and judicial. The

nation is led by President

Ashraf Ghani with Abdul

Rashid Dostum and Sarwar

Danish as vice presidents. Abdullah

Abdullah serves as the chief

executive officer (CEO).

Governance:

Justice & General Attorney

The Supreme Court is

led by Chief Said

Yusuf Halem.

&

The attorney general

office is led by Farid

Hamidi

The National Assembly

The national assembly is

the legislature,

a bicameral body having

two chambers, the House

of the People and

the House of Elders.

House of people 249

members 25% Female.

House of Elders members

102 persons.

Afghanistan is an impoverished least developed

country, one of the world’s poorest because of

decades of war and lack of foreign investment. As

of 2014, the nation's GDP stands at about $60.58

billion with an exchange rate of $20.31 billion, and

the GDP per capita is $1,900. The country's exports

totaled $2.7 billion in 2012. Its unemployment rate

was reported in 2008 at about 35% According to a

2009 report, about 42% of the population lives on

less than $1 a day. The nation has less than $1.5

billion in external debt.

Economy of Afghanistan:

Components of GDP (Sector wise):

sector: agriculture: 24%

industry: 21%

services: 55%

Air: transport in Afghanistan is provided by the national carrier, Ariana Afghan Airlines (AAA), and by private companies such as Afghan Jet International, East Horizon Airlines, Kam Air, Pamir Airways, and Safi Airways. Airlines from a number of countries also provide flights in and out of the country. These include Air India, Emirates, Gulf Air, Iran Aseman Airlines, Pakistan International Airlines, and Turkish Airlines.

The International Airports:

1. Kabul international Airport.

2. Mazar-e-Sharif international Airport

3. Herat International Airport

4. Kandahar International Airport

Transportation

Traveling by bus in Afghanistan remains dangerous due to careless and intoxicated bus drivers as well as militant activities. The buses are usually older model Mercedes-Benz and owned by private companies. Serious traffic accidents are common on Afghan roads and highways, particularly on the Kabul–Kandahar and the Kabul–Jalalabad Road.

Newer automobiles have recently become more widely available after the rebuilding of roads and highways. They are imported from the United Arab Emirates through Pakistan and Iran. As of 2012, vehicles more than 10 years old are banned from being imported into the country. The development of the nation's road network is a major boost for the economy due to trade with neighboring countries. Postal services in Afghanistan are provided by the publicly owned Afghan Post and private companies such as FedEx, DHL, and others.

Roads Traveling

Telecommunication services in the country are provided by Afghan Wireless, Etisalat, Roshan, MTN Group, and Afghan Telecom. In 2006, the Afghan Ministry of Communications signed a $64.5 million agreement with ZTE for the establishment of a countrywide optical fiber cable network. As of 2011, Afghanistan had around 17 million GSM phone subscribers and over 1 million internet users, but only had about 75,000 fixed telephone lines and a little over 190,000 CDMA subscribers. 3G & 4G services are provided with these companies also.

Communication:

Media

Media is one Afghan

government’s

achievement during

the last 16 years.

Now Afghanistan has

more than 35 TVs ,50

RADEOs, hundreds of

websites and News

Papers,

Afghani Currency

Historical Places

Bamyan Buddha, the Buddhas

of Bamyan (Persian هایبت–بامیان ) were two monumental

statutes of standing Buddhas

carved into the side of a cliff in

the Bamyan valley in the

Hazarajat region of central

Afghanistan, situated 230 km

NW of Kabul. Built during the

sixth century , it represented

the classic blended style of

Indo – Greek art.

Before After March 2001

Mosques

Many Type of Dry Fruits 70% involve in Agriculture

Afghani Rugs (Carpet)

Each Nation has its own traditional cloths

Traditional cloths

National Sport (BUZKASHI)Buzkashi , Which literally translated means “ goatdragging" is the national sport of Afghanistan. Manyhistorians believe that Buzkashi dates back to theArian people (the origin nation of Afghanistan), andthat it was derived from hunting mountain goats onhorseback. In Buzkashi, a headless carcass is placedin the center of a circle and surrounded by the playersof two opposing teams. The object of the game is toget control of the calf carcass and be the first to pitchit across the goal line in the scoring area. Games canlast a day, or an entire week. Only the most skill fullplayers, (called chapandaz) are able to get close tothe carcass. The competition is furious, and thewinner of the match receives prizes from theirsponsor. These prizes are from money to fine turbansand clothes. In order to become a chapandaz, onemust undergo a great amount of difficult training. Infact the best chapandaz are usually over the age offorty. The horses that participate in buzkashi undergofive years of heavy training before making it to theplaying field.

Afghan Security

Forces:352000.

National Army:

195000.

National Police:

92000

The National

Directorate of

Security (NDS)

65000.

Education In AfghanistanEducation in Afghanistan, which is supervised by the Ministry of

Education and Ministry of Higher Education.

1. MoE:

Primary school 1-6. secondary schools(7-9), high school (10-

12) and technical ,vocational, education and training

Institutes. –TVET- (14).

And age for school is 6-7 yrs for gvt schools and 6 months to 7

yrs for private schools.

MoHE:

2. Ministry Of Higher Education which includes all the

Universities and colleges.

Organizational Structure Of Ministry of Education. (MoE).

Education Minister

DM/Academic

DM/Curriculum & Teacher Training

DM/Literacy

DM/Finance

DM/TVET

DM/Islamic

Education:

Education in the country includes K–12 and higher education, which is supervised by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Higher Education. The nation's education system was destroyed due to the decades of war, but it began reviving after the Karzai administration came to power in late 2001. More than 5,000 schools were built or renovated in the last decade, with more than 100,000 teachers being trained and recruited. More than seven million male and female students are enrolled in schools, with about 100,000 being enrolled in different universities around the country; at least 35% of these students are female. As of 2013, there are 16,000 schools across Afghanistan.

Decades of war, civil unrest, internal conflicts and political instability in Afghanistan have destroyed the basic social service delivery mechanisms of the country. Education, being the most vulnerable social sector against insecurity,

Violence and discontinuity, has been severely affected as a result.

In 2002, the newly established Government of Afghanistan inherited a disabled and defunct education system, which was as follows:

Less than one million students, 20,000 teachers with almost no female anticipation;

Where Education of Afghanistan Were:

Conti…

34, 00 schools–majority with unusable

buildings;

No standard national curriculum or textbooks;

Only four Teacher Training Colleges with 400

students;

Only 1500 boys enrolled in Technical and

Vocational Schools, and

220 unregulated Madrassas without any

formal curriculum.

The education sector has witnessed substantial

progress since 2002. A seven-fold increase in the

enrolment of students, the recruitment and training

of large numbers of teachers and construction of

several thousand schools have ensured

Improved access and major progress in enhancing

the quality and management of education.

Nearly 8 million children are enrolled in schools ,

around 37% or 2.5 million of them girls;

Where Education of Afghanistan is now:

Schools in AfgNo Program

Public Schools

Private Schools

Total

1General (Academic)

Education Dept14649 1051 15700

2 Islamic Education Dept 974 51 1025

3 TVET Dept 281 41 322

4Curriculum &Teacher

Training Dept272 67 339

5 Literacy Dept 64 0 64

Total 16240 1210 17450

NO Programs Teachers

1General(Academic) Education

194219

2Islamic

Education7619

3 TVET 4321

4Teacher Training

3720

5 Literacy 5066

Total 214945

Teacher recruitment in AFG

37% female/63% Male

Student enrollment till date 2017

No Program

Male

Enrollmen

t

Female

Enrollmen

t

Total

Enrollmen

t

1

General

(Academic)

Education

5364923 3394551 8.759474

2Islamic

Education250870 82080 332950

3 TVET 49524 6540 56064

4Teacher

Training29975 38783 68758

5 Literacy 9598 11134 20732

Total 5704890 3533088 9.237978

Afghanistan: Structure of the system

The Ministry of Education employs 67% of the

civil servants in the country; however, only 15%

of the national recurrent budget is allocated

for education which makes it impossible to

achieve the targets set in the National

Education Strategic Plan (NESP) with the

government resources.

FUNDING

In accordance with the Afghanistan Constitution, MDG and EFA goals,

the Ministry of Education is committed to ensure that by 2020 all school-

aged boys and girls will complete primary grades. In brief, the Ministry of

Education aims to achieve the below targets:

14 million students including 6.5 million girls will be enrolled in 22,000

schools, taught by 486,000 teachers (50% female).

The number of TTCs will remain 42 and the number of TTRCs will reach

364, enrolling about 1624, 78 students per year. As a result, 100% of the

teachers of the country will have at least 14th grade education.

320,000 students will be taught by 48,000 professional teachers in 550

technical and vocational schools.

There will be 470,000 students acquiring Islamic Education in about 1193

Islamic Education Centers across the country through 14,000 teachers

(50 % female).

Afghanistan Vision for 2020

Conti… One million new literates (60% female) will be produced through

40,000 literacy courses and 20,000 teachers every year. The total number of people to achieve literacy by 2020 will reach 8 million.

100% of schools will have useable buildings and conducive environments.

A national Institute of Curriculum Development will be operational. A set of quality textbooks will be provided to students every three years.

Education system will be more balanced and gender and regional disparity will be brought to an absolute minimum.

Education content and delivery will be tuned to address national development priorities.

All Teachers and staff of MoE will be reformed through pay & grade system by 2020 and living conditions of teachers will be further improved through distribution of land to those teachers who do not have their own housing.

Integration of technical and vocational education into general and Islamic schools.

Thank you…