Country Paper- RE Interventions in Bangladesh-4 March 2007

8/6/2019 Country Paper- RE Interventions in Bangladesh-4 March 2007

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Country paper

Renewable Energy interventions in

Bangladesh

Beijing, China

Tazmilur Rahman

11-16 March 2007

Geographical location: Between 20034 and 26038 North latitude;

88001 and 92041 East longitude

Area: 144,570 sq km

Population: 141 million [ population density 941/km2]

Literacy rate: 43%

Per Capita GNI: US$ 440

Per Capita energy consumption 157 kgoe (2003)

Per Capita Electricity Consumption: 144 kWh, annually

Access to grid electricity: 32% people

Country Profile


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Introduction:

Despite only 32% population has access to the National grid, TheGovernment of Bangladesh a noble vision to provide electricity forall by the year 2020

Target of meeting 5% of total electricity demand from RE by 2010and 10% by the year 2020

For the last three decades attempts have been made by GOs,NGOs, and Development partners to promote modern REtechnologies.

Modern Renewable Energy Technologies (RETs) are in theresearch, development and demonstration phase

Policy support

Government of Bangladesh has declared National Energy Policyin 1996 which fosters Renewable Energy development

A Draft Renewable Energy Policy has been submitted by thePower Cell of MEMR which is yet to be approved by the GOB

Exemption of income tax for up to three years for the expatriatepersonnel employed under the approved industry

Tax exemption on royalties, technical know how and technicalassistance fees and facilities for their repatriation

Establishment of Renewable Energy Development Agency(REDA) has been proposed


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Present Incentives in the RE sector

In 1998, GOB lifted import duty and Value Added Tax(VAT) from solar photovoltaic and wind turbines

Solar PV program of different government bodies(BPDB, LGED, REB) are basically subsidy driven

Present subsidy for family-size biogas plant is 75

GOB will establish a RE trust fund to finance REproject, and R&D activities

Renewable Energy Resources in Bangladesh:

Solar Energy

Average solar radiation varies between 4 to 6.5 kWhm-2day-1

Maximum amount of radiation is available in the month ofMarch-April and minimum in December-January.


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Wind Energy

Bangladesh Renewable Energy Research Centre (RERC) hasconducted solar and wind energy resource assessment throughSWERA project

LGED in collaboration with BUET has installed twenty windmonitoring stations to measure wind data.

However a comprehensive wind resource assessment is not yetcompleted.

Renewable Energy Resources in Bangladesh:Wind Energy

Primary result indicates limited prospects of wind resources inthe main land because average velocity was found about 3-4 ms -1,however in the coastal belt for a period of five to six months windspeed was found 5-7 ms-1. Therefore low cut-in speed wind turbinemay be useful in that region. Furthermore Bangladesh has about700km long coastal belt, around 200km hilly coast line and about

50 offshore island where wind-solar hybrid could be a promisingoption.


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Wind Monitoring Stations : 20

Partner Institutions : BUET,BIT(Chittagong)

Study Period : 4 years

Geographical Coverage : Coastal areas,CHT, Haor areas

Purposes : Long term systematic wind

data for wind resource mapping

Wind Energy Resource Mapping (WERM)

Renewable Energy Resources in Bangladesh

Biomass Energy Biomass has a significant contribution to the energy consumption.About 68% of total final energy comes from biomass resources.

There are about 22 million cattle which could produce about 7million m3 biogas per day.

Main sources of biomass fuels are:Trees (wood fuels, twigs, leaves, plant residues)Agricultural Residues (paddy husk, bran, bagasse,jute stick etc.) and

Livestock (animal dung), Poultry dropping, Waste,

Marine Plants, Human excreta.Total wood fuel consumption of the country is 8 million m3 wheredomestic cooking accounts for estimated 5.1 million m3 (63%)annually and the industrial and commercial sectors 2.9 million m3

annually (37%).


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1225812139120331179011539Total

13611317127312301186Other wastes

15371484143113781325Twigs and leaves

12721219121911661166Fire wood

392366366340314Bagasse

28542898285428102810Rice hulls

12181418140914291375Rice straw

9229661010966922Jute stick

25022471247124712441Cow-dung

2003-042002-032001-022000-011990-00Fuels

Energy supplied by traditional biomass fuels in 000 tons of coal equivalent

Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

Bio-gas & Bio-fertilizer potential:

There are about 22 million of cattle which excrete about 0.22

million tons of dung per day.

This can produce on an average 2.72x109 m3 of biogas/year.

3.840.07Pressed mud6.

740.0010.00Water hyacinth5.

115.001072Garbage4.

1226.4032.85Human excreta3.

191.602.05Poultry droppings2.

2971.1060.2Cow/Buffalos

dung

1.

Yearly gas Production (inmillion cubic meter)

Organic Fertilizer(in million tons)

Raw materialsSl.


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Jatropha cultivation at the Bangladesh Agricultural University

Species : Jatropha curcasEnglish name: Physic nut,

purge nut,

pig nut,

JatrophaAgronomy:

Germination: takes 7-10 daysFlowering:By cutting the planted branch takes

3-4 months and by seedling it takes

About a year for flowering

Pruning: Once a year

Jatropha oil can be used as a direct replacement for kerosene for cooking andlighting. Different parts of Jatropha have medicinal values

Prospect of Bio-fuel cultivation in Bangladesh

Jatropha - composition

Oil (58%)

Seeds

Minus capsule sheaths (35%)

Minus seed shells (35%)

Kernels

Seed cake (42%)

Jatropha-capsules 1000kg

350kg

650kg

228kg

245kg 177kg

422kg


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Bangladesh is a riverine country with three main rivers(1) Ganges (2) Brahmaputra and (3) Jamuna.

Numerous rivers flow across the country which are mostlytributaries of these main rivers.

About 1.4 trillion cubic meter of water flows through the countryin an average water year. Out of these, 57 rivers are Transboundary

which originate from India and Myanmar.

Apart from the south-eastern region, other parts of the country aremostly flat in nature.


Hydro Energy


Hydro Energy

230MW is being generated from the Kaptai hydro project. PDBhas a plan to extend another unit of hydro power of capacity of100MW

The first micro-hydro power unit of capacity 10kW has beeninstalled by LGED at Bamerchara, Chittagong district. On the otherhand BPDB has installed another 50kW capacity Diesel-hydrohybrid power unit at Barkal, Rangamati

BWDB and BPDB have identified nineteen sites for micro-hydro

which have total potentials of generating about 1200 KW

LGED has identified seven pico-hydro sites at the CHT region

which have total potentials of about 140kW


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Hydro EnergyPotential small hydro sites identified by BPDB and BWDB

4819. Fulkumar at Raiganj Bazar

3218. Buri Khora Chikli at NizbariRangpur

1117. Punarbhaba at Singraban

4816. Tangon at D/S of Nargun L.L.P

3215. Pathraj at Fulbari

2414. Talam at U/S. of Talam L.L.P

3213. Chawai at U/S. of Chawai L.L.P

2412. Dahuk at BurabariDinajpur

35Kw for 10 months11. Marisi at Dukabad near JhinaigatiJamalpur

69Kw for 10 months10. Bhugai-Kongsa at 2 miles U/S. of NalitabariJamalpur

6169. Ranga pani GungSylhet

788. Madhab Chara1500ft. from fallSylhet

267. Nikhari CharaSylhet

106. BudiacharaChittagong

105. LungicharaChittagong

814. SealockChittagong Hill Tracts

123. Hinguli CharaChittagong

152. Choto KumiraChittagong

41. Foys lakeChittagong

Potential of Electrical

Energy in KW

Name River/ Chara/StreamDistrict


Hydro Energy

Potential small hydro sites identified by LGED

-3507.5 KWMonjaipara, Bandarban

3630030 KWThang Khrue, Rangamati

9815020 KWKamalchar, Rangamati

3850020 KWLiragaon, Bandarban

51260025 KWBangchari, Bandarban

2520030 KWChang-oo-Para, Bandarban

131003 KWNunchari Tholipara,Khagrachari

SmallIndustry

School /Mosque /Bazaar /

Clinic

House hold

Socio-economic Infrastructure within 1 KmExpectedPowerGeneration

Site


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Tidal and Wave Energy

Average tidal head was observed about 1-2 metersFrom seven gauge stations installed at the

St. Martins Island

No initiative is taken to explore wave energy

Major Renewable Energy players in Bangladesh

Govt. and Institutions:

Local Government Engineering Department (LGED) Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) Rural Electrification Board (REB) Renewable Energy Research Centre (RERC) Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)

Khulna University of Engineering and Technology (KUET) Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) BCSIR, IDCOL

Development partners:

UNDP World Bank GTZ JBIC

NGOs:

Grameen Shakti

BRAC Prakaushali Sangsad Ltd. Shubashati Thangamara Mohila Sobuj Shangha (TMSS)

Private Organizations: Rahimafrooz Solar Ltd.

Fare Trade Ltd. Micro Electronics Ltd. Nebula Techno Solutions Ltd.


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Summary of Renewable Energy utilization

900kWWind generator11.

10 unitsSolar thermal (Water heater)04.

5 NosWind pumps06.

Around 100Biomass briquetting machines10.

Above 300,000Improved Cooking Stoves09.

Around 25000Biogas plants08.

60 KwMicro-hydro07.

20kWWind-Solar hybrid05.

50 kWpOther PV applications04.

Above 500Solar lantern03.

Around 400LED home systems02.

Above 150,000Solar home systems01.

Number of unitsTechnologyNO

Electricity generation pattern, 2004

4% 7%

88.80%

0.20%

Hydro Oil Natural gas Renewables


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Barriers to commercialize RE

Awareness barrier

Policy barrier

Financing barrier

Institutional barrier

Technical barrier

Market barrier

Information barrier

Human resource barrier

Some milestone initiatives to

disseminate RETs in Bangladesh


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Some RE interventions

SHS

Solar street lights GS electrification

SPV pumping

SPV Health centre

Solar mini grid

LED home systems

Wind Solar hybrid

Electricity from poultry waste

Micro-hydro units

Biogas units

Capacity building

World Env day Offgrid mapping

REIN

Conclusions:

Bangladesh is endowed with vast renewable energy resources such as solar insolation,

wind energy, biomass and small hydro.

Harnessing these resources appears to be a promising solution for improving the quality of

life of rural villagers, who are unlikely to have access to conventional electricity supply in

the foreseeable future.

renewable projects are mainly

donor driven programs for rural and off-grid electrification

But in the developing countries, renewable projects are mainly

donor driven programs for rural and off-grid electrification

Renewables are slowly finding a niche market in Bangladesh


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tazmilur gmail.com

For your valuable comments and further quary .

Country Paper- RE Interventions in Bangladesh-4 March 2007

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