Countries managing their populations to achieve sustainable growth Managing population case studies: Indonesia A country with an uneven population distribution (stage 3) Uganda A country with a youthful population (stage 2) Thailand A country with a rapidly growing population (early stage 4) The UK A country with an ageing population (stage 4)
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Countries managing their populations to achieve sustainable growth Managing population case studies: Indonesia A country with an uneven population distribution.
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Countries managing their populations to achieve
sustainable growthManaging population case
studies:
IndonesiaA country with an uneven population
distribution (stage 3)
UgandaA country with a
youthful population (stage 2)
ThailandA country with a rapidly growing
population (early stage 4)
The UKA country with an ageing population
(stage 4)
To know what transmigration is and understand how it can help to readdress the population balance.
Learning objectives
Question 1.
What is Indonesia’s current population?
a) 350 million
b) 150 million
c) 100 million
d) 250 million
What is the capital of Indonesia?
Jakarta
Question 1.
How many islands make up Indonesia?
Question 3.
a) 8,000
b) 18,000
c) 800
d) 80
Which product is not one of Indonesia’s main exports?
Question 4.
a) Oil and gas
b) Rubber
c) Sugar
d) Palm oil
How many indigenous people live in Indonesia?
Question 5.
a) 100-150 million
b) 50-70 million
c) 5-10 million
d) 50-70,000
What is the total average life expectancy in Indonesia?
Question 6.
a) 68
b) 70
c) 69
d) 65
The UK’s GDP per capita is roughly how many times more than Indonesia’s?
Question 7.
a) 11
b) 5
c) 22
d) 16
UK = US$ 39,372
Indonesia = US$ 3,510
Transmigration is a method that governments have used to try and solve population problems.
What is transmigration?
It involves moving people from densely/over
populated areas to more sparsely populated areas,
in order to reduce the population pressure on
resources.
Transmigration in Indonesia
Indonesia is an archipelago of 18,000 islands. It has a densely populated core, including the major cities and the island of Java, and a sparsely populated periphery.
141 million people live in Java!
Java
• Java is the 13th largest island in the world.
• It accounts for just 7% of Indonesia's land, but it is home to over 60% of the population.
• Over 100 million people live in the city of Jakarta which has a population density of 15,442 people per km², making it one of the most densely populated places on earth.
The growth of Jakarta is mainly due to rural–urban
migration
Transmigration in Indonesia
• The transmigration policy was first introduced by the Dutch colonial government in the early nineteenth century to reduce crowding and to provide a workforce for plantations on Sumatra.
• After independence in 1949 the Indonesian government continued with the policy to try to reduce the considerable poverty and population pressure on Java (the core), and in particular Jakarta.
Aims of the transmigration policy
To alleviate poverty by
providing land and new
opportunities for poor, landless
settlers to generate income.
To provide a workforce to
better exploit / utilize the natural resources of the
outer islands.
To achieve demographic
balance across the islands.
Transmigration in Indonesia
Landless people were permanently moved from Java, and to a lesser extent Bali and Madura, to less populated peripheral areas including Papua, Kalimantan, Sumatra, and Sulawesi.
Activity:
1. Shade and label the islands that people were moved to.
2. Draw arrows on your map to show their movement from Java.