Countdown to the exam … 6 lessons left until the 1 st exam. I am available for revision Mon-Thurs lunch & Thursday after school. Today at lunch, I will.

Countdown to the exam …

• 6 lessons left until the 1st exam.• I am available for revision Mon-Thurs lunch &

Thursday after school.• Today at lunch, I will be doing the treatment

of Jews in Nazi Germany.

The Nazis get stronger ...

• Why was Hitler able to strengthen the Nazi Party in the years 1924 – 1928? Give at least 3 reasons.– Use PEE– Develop each explanation • 1 key point• 3 supporting statements

– Give examples from your own knowledge

Assess the answer

• Give a level• Include a www & an ebi– Is it detailed and explained well?– Does it need more depth? method is mentioned

but no explanation of how it helped them to strengthen.

Revision http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fXhLHZC2_-4

1. What do you think the phrase “When America sneezes the rest of the world catches a cold” means?

2. What is Wall Street?3. When the market fell what did Wall Street feel?

D_______________4. How many American companies closed in a short time?5. Why did the Wall Street Crash impact on other

countries… in particular Germany?6. What happened to German industry?7. How many people were unemployed in Germany in

1932?

Economic Effects of the Wall Street Crash

• America recalled all of it’s loans from Germany (lent under the Dawes Plan in 1924)

• German businesses could not survive and closed• Germany could not sell as many exports as other

countries were in depression and did not want to buy and more businesses closed

• Unemployment rose from 2 million in 1929 to 6 million in 1932 and 4/10 Germans were unemployed

• People were filled with hopelessness and despair as many lost their homes

Political Effects of the Wall Street Crash

• Extremist parties like the Nazis and the Communists grew in popularity as they promised jobs.

• The Middle classes feared the Communists who were gaining in popularity and voted for the Nazis who said they would crush them

• The Weimar Government failed to deal with the crisis effectively and lost the public’s support

• President Hindenburg had to use Article 48 as the Chancellor at the time (Bruning) did not have a majority in the Reichstag.

• Bruning was blamed for the crisis and was nicknamed the “hunger Chancellor” as he refused to spend money to help

• Bruning had to resign in May 1932 and during his time as Chancellor the Nazi Party had had many successes e.g. in the 1930 election they won 107 seats and were the second biggest party in the Reichstag

Political Effects of the Wall Street

Crash• Extremist parties like the Nazis and the

Communists grew in popularity as they promised jobs.

• The Middle classes feared the Communists who were gaining in popularity and voted for the Nazis who said they would crush them

• The Weimar Government failed to deal with the crisis effectively and lost the public’s support

• President Hindenburg had to use Article 48 as the Chancellor at the time (Bruning) did not have a majority in the Reichstag.

• Bruning was blamed for the crisis and was nicknamed the “hunger Chancellor” as he refused to spend money to help

• Bruning had to resign in May 1932 and during his time as Chancellor the Nazi Party had had many successes e.g. in the 1930 election they won 107 seats and were the second biggest party in the Reichstag

• America recalled all of it’s loans from Germany (lent under the Dawes Plan in 1924)

• German businesses could not survive and closed

• Germany could not sell as many exports as other countries were in depression and did not want to buy and more businesses closed

• Unemployment rose from 2 million in 1929 to 6 million in 1932 and 4/10 Germans were unemployed

• People were filled with hopelessness and despair as many lost their homes

Economic Effects of the Wall Street

Crash

How was Germany affected economically by the Wall Street Crash?

How was Germany affected politically by the Wall Street Crash?

Create 2 clouds in your books. Use the information from the last activity to fill the clouds in.

Source BAfter 1929 there began a terrible economic crisis in Germany which developed into the Great Depression. This explains why so many people started to vote for the extremist parties.

[From a school textbook by L. E. Snellgrove, The Modern World since 1870 (1972)]

(1b) Use the information in Source B and your own knowledge to explain how the Great Depression affected life in Germany. [6]

Exam Technique

Brainstorm

1. Highlight three ways in which life was affected by the Great Depression

2. Do you have any historical facts/figures /examples which support these three points which are not mentioned in the source?

BrainstormTemplate

The Great Depression affected life in Germany economically. Source B tells us this because it says (QUOTE) From my own knowledge I know Germany was affected economically like this because (WHAT EXAMPLES CAN YOU GIVE)

The Great Depression also affected life in Germany politically. Source B tells us this as it says (QUOTE) From my own knowledge I know Germany was affected politically like this because (WHAT EXAMPLES CAN YOU GIVE)

Plan(1b) Use the information in Source B and your own

knowledge to explain why the Great Depression had a serious impact on life in Germany in the early 1930s. [6]

• Say the 3 ways the Depression affected life.• Use PEE to develop 1 example for each.• It affected life economically. I know this because …• The source says …

• It affected life politically. I know this because …• The source says …

What are the key words in this mark scheme?

• LEVEL 1 Generalised answer; copies or paraphrases source material; uses content of source only. [1-2]

Eg: The source says that after 1929 unemployment rose and the price of goods fell; farmers and small businesses were hit and it brought misery to millions of Germans.

• LEVEL 2 Understands content of the source with some background knowledge. [3-4] Eg: The source describes the impact that the Great Depression made on life in Germany. There

will be reference to unemployment and lack of money. Farmers and businesses were hit hard. Many looked to solutions from extremist parties such the Communists and the Nazis as the Weimar government got the blame.

• LEVEL 3 Clear use of the content of the source with accurate and detailed background knowledge used to explain the issue. [5-6]

Eg: The source gives a clear description of the serious impact that the Great Depression made on life in Germany. The knock-on effect was that many German workers now had no jobs and no money to spend. The fall in prices for farm produce and consumer goods hit such groups as farmers and small businesses and this is clearly explained by Source C. Life became increasingly hard for millions of Germans and the government seemed to do little to help. Many looked to solutions from extremist parties such as the Communists and the Nazis.

Source 1: Hitler became Chancellor in 1933 due to his use of propaganda

Josef Goebbels was the Minister for Propaganda. Between 1929-33 he made sure that the Nazi’s support grew using propaganda such as mass rallies, posters, and banners. The Nazi message was also constantly broadcast on the radio and by the early 1930s the Nazis owned 120 newspapers which were read by hundreds of thousands of people across the country. The Nazis appeared everywhere.

Their use of propaganda was clever. The Nazi message was simple and repeated constantly. The Nazis were strong and would provide work and the Weimar Government and the Jews had destroyed Germany.

Source 2: The reason that Hitler became Chancellor in 1933 was because he had success in the 1930 election

In 1930 Chancellor Bruning called an election however, the Depression had affected his popularity badly. The Nazis tried to appeal to all sections of society to win votes promising jobs to the poor and promising to crush Communism to the middle and upper classes. He blamed the Weimar Republic for Germany’s problems as they had signed the Treaty of Versailles and the Armistice and also the Jews.

In the 1930 election Hitler gained 107 seats and the Nazis became the second biggest party in the Reichstag. Chancellor Bruning had to rely on Article 48 to rule the country which stated that the President could make decisions without consulting the Reichstag in an emergency (this made him very unpopular)

Source 3. Hitler became Chancellor in 1933 as he did well in the Presidential election of 1932

In 1932 Hitler stood against Hindenburg to become President. Noone expected Hitler to do well. But due to Josef Goebbel’s expert propaganda techniques Hitler still did nto win but gained a large percentage of the votes. They used mass rallies and film and radio. They also used the aeroplane which meant Hitler could visit 5 cities in one day to speak. Hindenburg did not campaign at all.

Although he did not win he became a well known figure on a national scale and he became a key figure in German politics. In the 1932 Reichstag elections Hitler and the Nazis became the largest party with 230 seats.

Source 4: Hitler became Chancellor in 1933 due to financial backing

Hitler and the Nazis received a lot of money to fund their campaigns from business men such as Krupp and Bosch who were scared of Communism. They knew Hitler hated Communism and had promised to crush it.

This money allowed the Nazis to publish hundreds of thousands of leaflets and posters.

The newspaper tycoon Alfred Hugenberg also allowed the Nazis to publish articles which attacked Chancellor Bruning and the Government.

Source 5: Hitler became Chancellor in 1933 due to the SA

(the Sturmabteilung)Hitler did not just use his private army of bully boy thugs to protect speakers at Nazi meetings but also to disrupt meetings of opposition parties such as the Communists. Their were 170,000 members of the SA in 1931.

Hitler used the SA to show the German public that he could stamp out the threat of Communism and but also to threaten and intimidate opponents and limit opposition.

Source 6: Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in 1933 because he was a strong leader

Hitler was popular as he was brilliant at public speaking and was very charismatic. He managed to show his party as law abiding and democratic and tried to offer something to all groups in German society.

He portrayed an image of “war hero” “Saviour” “ordinary man in the street”. He also appeared strong which was something Chancellor Bruning and the other parties did not.

Reasons Hitler became Chancellor in 1933

1. The Nazis use of propaganda

2. Hitler did well in the 1930 Reichstag election

3. Hitler did well in the Presidential election in 1932

4. Financial backing

5. The SA

6. Hitler was a strong leader

1932-33 : The main characters you will meet in Hitler’s political scheming

Adolf Hitler Franz Von Papen (Leader of Nazi Party (Rich Catholic man. Who become the biggest Favourite of party in Reichstag)

HindenburgDistrusted Hitler)

General Von Schleicher President Hindenburg(Former army leader. (Former army leader.Main advisor to Hindenburg. Supported Von Papen at theHated Hitler. start.Concern was the rich.) Distrusted Hitler.

Timeline1. Bruning found it difficult to form a strong coalition so made Hindenburg use Article 48

as there was no majority in the Reichstag2. Von Papen agrees a deal with Hitler to co rule. He told Hindenburg that Hitler could be

controlled3. 30 January 1933 Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany after considerable

political scheming4. July 1932 Nazis poll their highest ever vote (37% of the seats: 230 seats)5. Von Papen is forced to call another election in November 1932 and although the Nazis

vote fell they were still the largest party in the Reichstag (196 seats) and Hitler refused to cooperate with Von Papen

6. Hitler demands the position of Chancellor but Hindenburg distrusts Hitler and appoints Von Papen instead.

7. In May 1932 Bruning is becoming more unpopular so resigns8. Von Papen resigns in 1932 and Von Schleicher is appointed Chancellor but he also

struggles to control a Reichstag with no majority. Von Papen is angry about this.

ANSWERS: 1 7 4 6 5 8 2 3

Was the Great Depression the main reason why the Nazis came to power in 1933? (12)

Think – Pair – Share

What other reasons can you come up with for why Hitler became Chancellor in 1933?

Was the Great Depression the main reason why the Nazis came to power in 1933? (12)

Mark SchemeLEVEL 1 Generalised answer; simple explanation which offers little support; poor quality of written communication [1-3]

For 4/5 marks: A one sided answer with some support OR a very weak two sided answer

For 6 marks: A reasoned one sided answer OR a weak two sided answer with some contextual support

LEVEL 3: For 7/8 marks: A very good one sided answer OR an unbalanced two sided response with contextual support

For 9 marks: A good explanation/evaluation of the topic but lacking some detail or balance

LEVEL 4: For 10-11 marks: A reasoned and supported two sided answer with good balance, using mostly accurate and relevant historical detail

For 12 marks: A reasoned and supported two sided answer with good balance, using fully accurate and relevant historical detail

In your answer consider all of the following

The Great Depression caused by the Wall Street Crash

The Nazis use of propaganda

Financial backing

The SA

Hitler was a strong leader

Hitler’s manipulation of Hindenburg and Von Papen