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COPYRIGHT PAGE

2018 International Conference on Smart Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems (ICSGTEIS)

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WELCOME MESSAGE

As the General Chair of the 2018 International Conference on Smart Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems (ICSGTEIS), it is my great pleasure to welcome you to the conference held in Kuta Bali of Indonesia. The ICSGTEIS 2018 conference aims to provide a forum for international researchers, experts, and students to share, exchange ideas, innovation, and experience of the research in the field of Smart-Green Technology. The conference provides an opportunity to strengthen collaboration and networking among participants while enjoying a religious atmosphere and traditional culture of Bali.

The ICSGTEIS covers a number of topics organized into tracks such as Energy and Power Engineering, Electronic Devices and Systems, Multimedia Telecommunications, and Software Engineering and Information Systems. All accepted papers are selected through a peer review process. The committee has received 110 submissions, and 43 papers are selected for presentation. In addition to the technical sessions, the conference program also includes plenary lectures and social event.

I would like to take this opportunity to thank the keynote speakers: Professor Jean-Marie BONNIN from Institut Mines Tlcom France, Dr Tania Urmee from School of Engineering and Information Technology Murdoch University, Perth, Australia, and Associate Professor Wei-Chung Teng from Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan for sharing their latest research in their respected fields within electrical and information systems.

I would also like to express my appreciation to Professor AAR Sudewi as Rector Udayana University, Professor NG Antara as Vice Rector Udayana University for Academic Affairs, Professor NPG Suardana as Dean Faculty of Engineering, Dr IBG Manuaba as Head of Department of Electrical Engineering, Dr Linawati as Head of Postgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Udayana University who have supported the ICSGTEIS conference this year. I also would like to thank Professor FY Zulkifli as Chair of IEEE Indonesia Section for their continuous support to the conference. Many thanks also go to the Technical Program Committee and the Organizing Committee, Center for Community Based Renewable Energy (CORE) Udayana University, Udayana Center for Learning Innovation in Asia Pacific (UCLEAP), and IEEE Student Branch Udayana University. Last but not least, thanks to all Presenters and Authors who have chosen ICSGTEIS 2018 to publish their research findings which without their participation this conference would not be possible.

I wish you all to have a great time and a successful conference while sampling the hospitality of Bali.

Dr I Nyoman Satya Kumara, MIEEE General Chair of ICSGTEIS 2018

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INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY BOARD M. Ashari (Indonesia)

H. Orton (Canada) Suwarno (Indonesia)

B. T. Phung (Australia) T. Usagawa (Japan)

F. Y. Zulkifli (Indonesia)

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ORGANIZING COMMITTEE General Chair:

I N. S. Kumara

Co-Chair:W. G. Ariastina K. O. Saputra

General Secretary:N. M. A. E. D. Wirastuti

Co-Secretary:G. Sukadarmika

Treasury:I. N. Setiawan W. Sukerayasa

Program:Y. Divayana

I. B. G. Manuaba

Conference Management System:D. M. Wiharta D. C. Khrisne

Publications / Proceeding:N. P. Sastra

I M. A. Suyadnya

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TECHNICAL PROGRAM COMMITTEE Chair:

I. A. D. Giriantari Co-Chair:

LinawatiL. Jasa

I. P. A. Bayupati (Indonesia) T. Basaruddin (Indonesia) T. R. Blackburn (Australia) D. Churchill (Hongkong) A. Dharma (Indonesia)

Z. Dewei (USA) M. Esa (Malaysia)

N. Gunantara (Indonesia) D. Gunawan (Indonesia) C. Y. Hui (Singapore)

G. Hendrantoro (Indonesia) R. S. Hartati (Indonesia) T. Hashimoto (Japan)

R. M. Ijtihadie (Indonesia) Y. S. Iwaran (Indonesia) B. Kosasih (Australia) K. Kunio (Japan)

R. Lumanto (Indonesia) I. Liem (Indonesia) E. Mutlugun (Turkey)

I. W. Mustika (Indonesia) H. Outhred (Australia) A. Priyadi (Indonesia)

I. K. E. Purnama (Indonesia) I. K. G. D. Putra (Indonesia) M. H. Purnomo (Indonesia) O. Penangsang (Indonesia) M. Retnanestri (Australia)

Y. Sasaki (Japan) E. Sari (Australia)

I. N. W. Satiawan (Indonesia) M. Sudarma (Indonesia) Y. K. Suprapto (Indonesia) S. Soegijoko (Indonesia) S. Y. Shin (South Korea) A. M. Tjoa (Austria) M. M. Tentzeris (USA)

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Taufik (USA) K. Umeno (Japan)

I. W. Widhiada (Indonesia) I. M. A. S. Wijaya (Indonesia)

Y. Xuyong (China)

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Copyright Page ................................................................................................................................................... i

Welcome Message .............................................................................................................................................. ii

International Advisory Board .............................................................................................................................. iii

Organizing Committee ....................................................................................................................................... iv

Technical Program Committee ............................................................................................................................ v

Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................. vii

ANFIS-based Controller Application to Regulate Firing Angle of Inverter in Average Value Model-High Voltage Direct Current Transmission System ............................................................................ 1 I. M. Ginarsa, A.B. Muljono, I.M.A. Nrartha, I.P. Ardana

Smart Energy Meter For Electric Vehicle Based On Bluetooth And GSM Technology ............................... 7 I.M.A. Nrartha, A. B. Muljono, I M. Ginarsa, S. M. Al Sasongko, I.B.F. Citarsa

Sustainable energy for all: Impacts of Sustainable Development Goals implementation on household sector energy demand in Indonesia ...................................................................................... 13 Wayan G. Santika, Tania Urmee, Md. Anissuzaman, GM Shafiullah, Parisa A. Bahri

Auto-reclose Performance Evaluation on 500kV Transmission Line with Four Circuits on One Tower .................................................................................................................................................. 19 Aristo Adi Kusuma, Putu Agus Aditya Pramana, Kevin Gausultan H. M., Buyung Sofiarto Munir

Monitoring of Frequency Response in Java-Bali System during Loss of Generation Event .................. 24 Hariadi Aji, Adi Purwanto, Eko Yudo Pramono

An Assessment of Incentives Combination for Solar Energy Technologies A Case Study for Chile ................................................................................................................................................. 29 Yeliz Simsek, Carlos Mata-Torres, Tania Urmee, Parisa Arabzadeh Bahri, Rodrigo Escobar

The Optical Band Gap based on K-M Function on Layer of LiTaO3 with Variation Treatment of Annealing Temperature .............................................................................................................................. 35 Nani Djohan, Richie Estrada, Nina Sevani, Hendradi Hardhienata, Irzaman

Feature Learning Using Convolutional Neural Network for Cardiac Arrest Detection .............................. 39 Minh Tuan Nguyen, Kim Kiseon

Design of Self-Tuning Regulator for Brushless DC Motor Speed Control ................................................. 43 Wahyudi, Mega Rosaliana, Sumardi, Budi Setiyono

Optimization of the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access Network at the BTS of Sempidi Area ..... 48 I Made Indra Wiguna, Gede Sukadarmika, Dewa Made Wiharta

Monitoring Systems for Counting People using Raspberry Pi 3 ................................................................ 57 K.Rantelobo, M. A. Indraswara, N. P. Sastra, D. M. Wiharta, H. F. J. Lami, H. Z. Kotta

Contact Strategy for VDTN Data Collection in Smart Cities ........................................................................ 61 Ngurah Indra ER, Kamal Deep SINGH, Jean-Marie BONNIN

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Simple carrier-based Space Vector PWM schemes of dual inverter fed three-phase open-end winding motor drives with equal DC-link voltage ....................................................................... 65 I K. Wiryajati, I. A. D. Giriantari, I N. Satya Kumara, Lie Jasa

A Study of Optimal Power Flow Interconnection Celukan Bawang Power Plant in 150 kV Bali Electricity System .................................................................................................................................... 71 I Nyoman Aldy Munawan, Rukmi Sari Hartati, I Wayan Sukerayasa

The Evaluation of Ceramic Insulator Performance around Thermal Power Plant in Indonesia ............... 77 Brian Bramantyo S.D.A. Harsono, Buyung Sofiarto Munir, Nur Widi Priambodo, Handrea Bernando Tambunan

Investigation of Fault Event that Affected by The Current Transformer Position ..................................... 82 Putu Agus Aditya Pramana, Aristo Adi Kusuma, Buyung Sofiarto Munir, Arionmaro Asi Simaremare

A Study Of Corn Cob (Zea Mays) Utilization As Alternative Fuel For Biomass Power Plant In Sumbawa Island .......................................................................................................................................... 86 Ahmad Jaya, Rukmi Sari Hartati, I Nyoman Satya Kumara

Intermittent Renewable Energy Source (IRES) Penetration Level into Bangka Power System .............. 91 Handrea Bernando Tambunan, Kevin Gausultan H. Mangunkusumo, Brian Bramantyo S.D.A. Harsono, Arionmaro Asi Simaremare, Nur Widi Priambodo, Buyung Sofiarto Munir

Supervised Deep Learning Based for Traffic Flow Prediction .................................................................... 95 Hendrik Tampubolon, Pao-Ann Hsiung

Development of SMS Sending Software for Balinese Script Text on Android Platform ......................... 101 Ida Bagus Kade Dwi Suta Negara, NMAE Dewi Wirastuti, Nyoman Pramaita

Analysis and Implementation of K-means Clustering Algorithm for Motorized-vehicles Taxation Strategy (Case Study: Bali Regional Revenue Department) ..................................................................... 104 Novandika Dwipayana, Gede Rasben Dantes, Gede Indrawan

Performance Evaluation of Caching Solution from Three Layers Perspective for Storage Performance in Vmware-based Virtualization Environment .................................................................... 108 Marcel

Developing Balinese Culture-Based Serious Game Model: I Rajapala as a Hunter ............................... 114 I Nyoman Putu Suwindra, I Ketut Gede Darma Putra, I Made Sudarma, Nyoman Putra Sastra

E-KUBU: Smart Home Automation System for Housing Energy Management ........................................ 120 Gusti Ayu Mayani Kristina Dewi, NMAED Wirastuti, A.A. Istri Ngurah Eka Karyawati, I Ketut Gede Suhartana, I Wayan Santiyasa, I Komang Ari Mogi, I Gede Arta Wibawa, Ida Bagus Gede Dwidasmara, Nyoman Dita Pahang Putra

A Study of Conversion of Sardine Flour Used Cooking Oil into Biodiesel Using Microfiltration and Transesterification Techniques ................................................................................... 126 Rukmi Sari Hartati, Atmiral Ernes, I Nyoman Suprapta Winaya, Poppy Diana Sari

Robot for Cleaning Solar PV Module to Support Rooftop PV Development ............................................ 132 I.P.G. Riawan, I.N.S. Kumara, C.G.I. Partha, I Nyoman Setiawan, D.A.S. Santiari

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Comparison of Battery Reliability for Offshore Remote Telemetry Unit .................................................. 138 Bachtiar Rifai, N.M.A.E.D. Wirastuti

Performance Evaluation of 25 KW Community Microhydro in Seloliman Village East Java .................. 144 Haksari Laksmi Bestari, I Nyoman Satya Kumara, Wayan Gede Ariastina

Comparison of PV Rooftop Energy Production at Denpasar City Office Building .................................. 150 I Putu Eddy Saskara, I Nyoman Satya Kumara, I Wayan Sukerayasa

Optimal PMU Placement In Bali 150 Kv Network ........................................................................................ 157 I G P Ari Suyasa, Rukmi Sari Hartati, Dewa Made Wiharta

Virtual Backup Server Optimization on Data Centers using Neural Network .......................................... 162 Muhammad Riza Hilmi, Made Sudarma, Linawati

Development of Learning Vector Quantization Neural Network for Forecasting Fluctuations in Commodity Prices .................................................................................................................................... 168 I Putu Oka Wisnawa, Agus Dharma, Made Sudarma

Prediction of Sales Transaction Using Adaboost, Random Forest and Linear Regression in Retail Company ........................................................................................................................................ 174 Y. I. T. Widyanto, G.R. Dantes, I. N. Sukajaya

Geographic Information System for Balinese Handicraft Export Distribution using K-Medoid and Elbow Method ....................................................................................................................................... 179 DA Indah Cahya Dewi, IA Dwi Giriantari, M Sudarma

Opinion Mining on Twitter Social Media to Classify Racism Using Combination of POS Tagging, Nave Bayes Classifier, and K-Nearest Neighbor ....................................................................................... 185 M. Azman Maricar, I Nyoman Satya Kumara, Made Sudarma

Instrumentation Checking Information System for Sanglah Geophysical Station .................................. 191 Ida Bagus Putu Teguh Brahmantika , I Gusti Komang Diafari Djuni , Duman Care Khrisne

Performance Evaluation of Roof Top Smart Microgrid at Udayana University ...................................... 196 Ida A.D. Giriantari, Intan A. Medina, I W. Sukerayasa, Rina Irawati

New Turbine Design Model NEST-LIE ........................................................................................................ 200 Lie Jasa, I Putu Ardana, Ratna Ika Putri

Implementation of Grid-connected PV Plant in Remote Location in Sumbawa Island of Indonesia: Lesson Learned .......................................................................................................................... 203 INS Kumara, T Urmee, Y Divayana, IN Setiawan, AAGA Pawitra, A Jaya

Evaluation of Integrated University Management Information System Using COBIT 5 Domain DSS ... 210 Ayu Indah Saridewi, Dewa Made Wiharta, Nyoman Putra Sastra

Nonformal Test-Based Gamification Model to Improve Student Motivation ............................................ 215 Adi Panca Saputra Iskandar, Made Sudarma, Komang Oka Saputra

Indonesian Herbs and Spices Recognition using Smaller VGGNet-like Network ................................... 221 D. C. Khrisne, I M. A. Suydanya

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Database of Indonesian Sign Systems ........................................................................................................ 225 Risky Aswi Ramadhani, I Ketut Gede Darma Putra, I Made Sudarma, Ida Ayu Dwi Giriantari

Author Index .................................................................................................................................................... 238

ISBN: 978-1-5386-6022-5 Bali, 25 - 27 October 2018 ICSGTEIS 2018

Comparison of Battery Reliability for Offshore Remote Telemetry Unit

Abstract Remote telemetry unit (RTU) is a vital equipment, especially for real monitoring, remote command, also safety shutdown system. In order to achieve its function, this unit required strong power reliability for operating in twenty-four hours, seven days. In practically power feeder to supply RTU consist of normal supply and backup supply. Application in offshore area normal supply could be fed from Diesel Engine Generator, Closed Cycle Vapor Turbogenerator (CCVT), also Thermal Electric Generator (THEG), each type was backup by batteries unit. To maintain backup power system, it required discharge autonomy test periodically. This maintenance will be useful whenever unexpected shutdown occurred. Application on site already use various type of batteries, recently Nickel Cadmium was chosen for long life time power consumption source instead of Lead Acid also Lithium Acid. Generally, power consumptions in RTU are; power amplifier, switch modules, channels with its discrete input-output and analog input-output, also antenna power feeder. Determining of battery type considers discharge capacity, RTU was liable to capacitive load which majority of component inside consist of electronic parts, tend to long period and stable discharge. This condition was opposite with batteries of engine starter which has high rush current but short period. Maintenance treatment was absolutely different between each other included charging, floating and high rate mode.

Keywords Battery, RTU battery performance, battery reliability.

I. INTRODUCTION Development on telecommunication system not only

increasing efficiency to hardware and software transmitter-receiver, but also energy efficiency for power feeder. This item was very critical for recent development. Focus of this research was comparing two kinds of Nickel Cadmium batteries which have same load type, same power consumption and same load unit.

In remote area which batteries as emergency backup, its function included safety critical device. Many times incidental moment causes normal supply was shutdown, every single moment must be recorded mainly to find root cause of shutdown. This sequence must be supported by reliable heavy duty batteries.

Nickel Cadmium have active materials, they are nickel hydrate in the charged positive plate and sponge cadmium in the charged negative plate. The electrolyte is an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution in concentration of 20% - 34% by weight pure cilium hydroxide. Practically in manufacture industry also other places, using Nickel Cadmium battery was very effectively as emergency backup power source whenever normal supply cut off or shutdown.

Remote Telemetry Unit in offshore area need reliable power source for safety shutdown system, event log and telecommunication whenever unexpected shutdown occurred. This kind of situation was good covered by installing Nickel Cadmium. In this paper, we will intently compare between three kind of Nickel Cadmium batteries with same load to feed, same capacity. Mostly battery manufactures have same reference on charge and discharge capacity test, to determine whether batteries are in good performance or not.

II. LITERATURE REVIEWAs describe in [1], telecommunication networks and

broadband access are proved to consume a huge amount of energy for data delivery. In general, the telecommunication sector accounts for approximately 4% of the global electricity consumption. Almost 50% of telecommunication power consumption was contributed by telecommunication network, for fixed line network, it was more than 70% power consumption was used by user segment. Neglecting the core network operation, fixed line network suffer great losses due to cable transmission, switching/routing, broadband access and data center whereas mobile network consume a huge amount of energy for base station operation.

At the switchgear, UPS and PDUs great losses occur due to AC/DC/AC conversion in the form of thermal heat. Typical UPSs present an efficiency of 80%. The power consumption pattern is not constant in time but varies depending on

Bachtiar Rifai Magister of Electrical Engineering,

Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

[email protected]

N.M.A.E.D. Wirastuti Lab. Telecommunication System, Dept. Electrical Engineering

Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

[email protected]

978-1-5386-6022-5/18/$31.00 2018 IEEE 138

different parameters. Main consumptions are the input workload to the data center and the surrounding environmental characteristic. In table 1 we can see power efficiency of telecommunication equipment.

Table 1. Power Efficiency of Telecommunication Equipment

Equipment Power Efficiency (W/Gbps) Router 40 IP Switch 25 Transport TDM 80 ATM Switch 80

Power consumption on each equipment mostly came from heat which produce from conversion and switching. More heat produced mean need more cooling to stabilize operational temperature. In other word, if more heat, HVAC need more power to stabilize operational temperature of equipment.

More specific research could be found in [2], three different sections in telecommunication equipment are

The Mobile Switching Center (MSC), switchingand interfacing to fixed network

The Base Transceiver Station (BTS), interfacebetween network and mobile terminal

The Mobile Terminal normally limited to thehand-held devices

Development research to solve these losses could be seen on some practical strategies:

Remote radio unit: moving out RF convertersand power amplifiers from the base of station to the top of tower close to antenna and connecting them via fiber optic cables. This strategy offers the higher potential energy saving, most radio manufacturers uses this methodology

Radio standby mode: core of this strategy isupgrading software and basic hardware. Consist of turning radio transmitter and receivers off when the call traffic goes down, typically during the night. Power consumption can be reduced by up to 40% under low traffic.

Passive cooling: usually one third of the hetproduced inside the RBS. Free ventilation, forced fan cooling with hydrophobic filtering or heat exchanger will change significantly the energy consumption. Estimated that passive cooling can provide energy saving above 10%.

Advanced climate control for air conditioners:two factors describe of reducing power consumption, higher set point means that unit will be turned on less frequently, secondly, it will run more effectively due to higher temperature at the air exchange. This methodology could save 3-4% without major ability impacts.

DC Power system ECO mode, this methodologywill further reduce the load during low trafficperiods.

Higher efficiency rectifiers, rectifiersdevelopment tried in electronic componenteffective ways, which can reduce thermal losesduring switch controlled.

In [1] and [2], even use green energy like wind turbine also solar cell, they are still need battery for charging and discharging also floating feed. They still need battery due to unstable output voltage due to weather also climate change, solar cell will be ineffectively continuous feed during cloudy, heavy rain and low sunshine, this also occurred in wind turbine which wind direction and speed are not constantly rotate, if those power source directly connected to load, it becomes very dangerous because voltage output will be unstable and risky feed telecommunications system.

Comparison between Nickel Cadmium and lead acid batteries can be seen on [3]. Fully charged lead acid batteries have a higher output capacity and lower self-discharge rate than Nickel Cadmium batteries. A battery with a high self-discharge rate can discharge substantially before power is needed. A Nickel Cadmium battery has a greater recharge cycle life than a lead acid battery. Nickel Cadmium batteries can be discharged and recharged more times than lead acid batteries before battery cell failure occurs. Typically, and depending on other condition of use, a Nickel Cadmium battery can be charged and discharged over twice as many times as a lead acid battery. Although as the accumulated number of charge and discharge cycle increase on Nickel Cadmium battery, usable capacity for powering instrument will decrease. Lead acid batteries must be protected from overcharged because oxidation of the plates will be occurred and damaged the battery. A Nickel Cadmium battery can be stored in a fully discharged condition without any detrimental effect, if lead acid batteries are left in a fully discharged state, it will undergo a process of sulfating which increase the battery internal resistance, making it more difficult to recharge. This may cause the cell to short out, making the battery useless. In figure 1 we can see comparison between Nickel Cadmium and lead acid batteries on cycle life versus depth of discharge.

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Figure 1. comparison Nickel Cadmium and lead acid batteries on cycle life and depth of discharge

The conclusion research on [3] also state, for all around, general purpose application, the Nickel Cadmium battery is the best choice, if application require equipment to be in a dormant state for an extended period of time before operation, a lead acid battery should be used.

Specific performance curve for charging and discharging batteries done in [4].

Figure 2. Charge and discharge curve

The MPV (mid-point voltage) is the nominal voltage of the cell during charge or discharge. This excursion from the nominal value is an important design consideration. A flatter discharge curve means less voltage variation that the design must tolerate. Nickel Cadmium battery cell voltage has advantage which discharge curve is extremely flat, closest to an ideal battery. We can see on figure 3.

Figure 3. Cell voltage stability of Nickel Cadmium battery

Curve in figure 3 is reference to determine batteries condition in this research. For specific discharge characteristic of Nickel Cadmium batteries cell could be seen on figure 4.

Figure 4. Discharge characteristic of Nickel Cadmium batteries

Research in [5] shown interconnection of system which always need energy storage to convert from one sequence to another.

Figure 5. energy chain symbolizing the energy transfers from mains to load in a portable product

III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Methodology in this research is perform autonomy test on

site, which regularly performed once a year.

First comparison is on RTU supplied by 24 Vdcwith load in about 85 A to 89 A. comparingbetween Sonnenschein A602/490 Ah in differentlocation

Second comparison is on RTU supplied by 48Vdc which consist of 2 kinds of Nickel Cadmium,SAFT SLM 710-1 / 710 Ah and Alcad VN710-1 /710 Ah

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IV. RESEARCH RESULT AND EXPLANATIONTable 2. Autonomy Discharge Test on Platform G

Figure 6. Discharge Characteristic of Battery Autonomy Test

Result of autonomy test on Platform G during one hour shown that performance battery still ready for use no matter what unexpected shutdown will occurred.

Table 3. Autonomy Discharge Test on Platform F

Figure 7. Discharge Characteristic of Battery Autonomy Test

Figure 8. Installation of Batteries for RTU

With the same load, same kind of equipment to be fed, performance of autonomy discharge test proven that they are ready for emergency situation to supply RTU for give record, event log and remote status to control room. This function also very helpful in trouble shooting to find root cause of malfunction which make shutdown on platform process.

Figure 6 and figure 7 also make us shown that reference from manufacture and most research was valid and accurate. In figure 8 we can see example of battery installation on offshore for RTU.

Second comparison is comparing between SAFT SLM and Alcad VN for supply RTU using 48 Vdc

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Table 4. Autonomy Discharge Test on Platform Gx Bank A

Figure 9. Discharge Characteristic of Battery Autonomy Test Platform Gx Bank A

We will compare with bank B which use Alcad VN710;

Table 5. Autonomy Discharge Test on Platform Gx Bank B

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Figure 10. Discharge Characteristic of Battery Autonomy Test Platform Gx Bank A

V. CONCLUSION After performing Autonomy discharge test of

battery for RTU consumption, all performance test was good condition as per technical manual reference also most research methodology

Nickel Cadmium batteries was recommended formany technical section because life cycle anddischarge performance was reliable for manykinds of equipment.

References

[1] G. Koutias, A review of Energy Efficiency in Telecommunication Network, 2010.

[2] M. orbadi, Energy Efficiency in Telecommunication Network: energy consupmtion, saving and renewable sources, Sarajevo, 2013.

[3] Isco, Nickel cadmium and Lead Acid Battery Comparison, 1994. [4] C. Simpson, Characteristic of Rechargeable Batteries, Literature

Number SNVA533, 2011. [5] H.J. Bergveld, Battery Management System Design by Modelling,

Thesis, 2008 [6] SAFT, Technical Manual of SLM Ni-Cd Battery, 2008 [7] ALCAD, Technical Manual Ultra-Low Maintenance Batteries, 2006

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AUTHOR INDEX

Aji, Hariadi ..................................................... 24

Anissuzaman, Md. ......................................... 13

Ardana, I Putu .............................................. 200

Ardana, I.P. ...................................................... 1

Ariastina, Wayan Gede ................................ 144

Bahri, Parisa A. .............................................. 13

Bahri, Parisa Arabzadeh ................................ 29

Bestari, Haksari Laksmi ............................... 144

BONNIN, Jean-Marie ..................................... 61

Brahmantika, Ida Bagus Putu Teguh ........... 191

Citarsa, I.B.F. ................................................... 7

Dantes, G.R. ................................................ 174

Dantes, Gede Rasben ................................. 104

Dewi, DA Indah Cahya ................................ 179

Dewi, Gusti Ayu Mayani Kristina .................. 120

Dharma, Agus .............................................. 168

Divayana, Y ................................................. 203

Djohan, Nani .................................................. 35

Djuni, I Gusti Komang Diafari ...................... 191

Dwidasmara, Ida Bagus Gede ..................... 120

Dwipayana, Novandika ................................ 104

Ernes, Atmiral .............................................. 126

Escobar, Rodrigo ........................................... 29

Estrada, Richie .............................................. 35

Gausultan, Kevin H. M. .................................. 19

Ginarsa, I. M. ............................................... 1, 7

Giriantari, I. A. D. ........................................... 65

Giriantari, IA Dwi ......................................... 179

Giriantari, Ida A.D. ....................................... 196

Giriantari, Ida Ayu Dwi ................................. 225

Hardhienata, Hendradi .................................. 35

Harsono, Brian Bramantyo S.D.A. ........... 77, 91

Hartati, Rukmi Sari .................. 71, 86, 126, 157

Hilmi, Muhammad Riza .............................. 162

Hsiung, Pao-Ann ........................................... 95

Indra, Ngurah ER .......................................... 61

Indraswara, M. A. .......................................... 57

Indrawan, Gede ........................................... 104

Irawati, Rina ................................................ 196

Irzaman ......................................................... 35

Iskandar, Adi Panca Saputra ...................... 215

Jasa, Lie ................................................ 65, 200

Jaya, A. ....................................................... 203

Jaya, Ahmad ................................................. 86

Karyawati, A.A. Istri Ngurah Eka ................. 120

Khrisne, D.C. ............................................... 221

Khrisne, Duman Care .................................. 191

Kiseon, Kim ................................................... 39

Kotta, H. Z. .................................................... 57

Kumara, I N. Satya ........................................ 65

Kumara, I.N.S. ............................................. 132

Kumara, INS ................................................ 203

Kumara,I Nyoman Satya...............150, 185

Kusuma, Aristo Adi .................................. 19, 82

Lami, H. F. J. ................................................. 57

Linawati ....................................................... 162

Mangunkusumo, Kevin Gausultan H. ............ 91

Marcel .......................................................... 108

Maricar, M. Azman....................................... 185

Mata-Torres, Carlos ....................................... 29

Medina, Intan A. .......................................... 196

Mogi, I Komang Ari ...................................... 120

Muljono, A.B. ............................................... 1, 7

Munawan, I Nyoman Aldy .............................. 71

Munir, Buyung Sofiarto ................ 19, 77, 82, 91

Negara, Ida Bagus Kade Dwi Suta .............. 101

Nguyen, Minh Tuan ....................................... 39

Nrartha, I.M.A. ............................................. 1, 7

Partha, C.G.I. ............................................... 132

Pawitra, AAGA ............................................. 203

Pramaita, Nyoman. ...................................... 101

Pramana, Putu Agus Aditya ..................... 19, 82

Pramono, Eko Yudo....................................... 24

Priambodo, Nur Widi ................................ 77, 91

Purwanto, Adi ................................................ 24

Putra, I Ketut Gede Darma .................. 114, 225

Putra, Nyoman Dita Pahang ........................ 120

Putri, Ratna Ika ............................................ 200

Ramadhani, Risky Aswi .............................. 225

Rantelobo, K. ................................................. 57

Riawan, I.P.G. ............................................ 132

Rifai, Bachtiar .............................................. 138

Rosaliana, Mega ............................................ 43

Santiari, D.A.S. ............................................ 132

Santika, Wayan G. ......................................... 13

Santiyasa, I Wayan ...................................... 120

Saputra, Komang Oka ................................ 215.

Sari, Poppy Diana ....................................... 126

Saridewi, Ayu Indah .................................... 210

Saskara, I Putu Eddy ................................... 150

Sasongko, S. M. Al .......................................... 7

Sastra, N. P. .................................................. 57

Sastra, Nyoman Putra ......................... 114, 210

Setiawan, I Nyoman .................................... 132

Setiawan, IN ................................................ 203

Setiyono, Budi ............................................... 43

Sevani, Nina .................................................. 35

Shafiullah, GM ............................................... 13

Simaremare, Arionmaro Asi .................... 82, 91

Simsek, Yeliz ................................................. 29

SINGH, Kamal Deep ..................................... 61

Sudarma, M ................................................. 179

Sudarma,I Made...114, 225, 162, 168, 185, 215

Suhartana, I Ketut Gede .............................. 120

Sukadarmika, Gede ....................................... 48

Sukajaya, I. N. ............................................. 174

Sukerayasa, I W. ......................................... 196

Sukerayasa, I Wayan ............................ 71, 150

Sumardi ......................................................... 43

Suwindra, I Nyoman Putu ............................ 114

Suyadnya, I M. A. ....................................... 221

Suyasa, I G P Ari ......................................... 157

Tambunan, Handrea Bernando ............... 77, 91

Tampubolon, Hendrik .................................... 95

Urmee, T ..................................................... 203

Urmee, Tania ........................................... 13, 29

Wahyudi ......................................................... 43

Wibawa, I Gede Arta .................................... 120

Widyanto, Y. I. T. ......................................... 174

Wiguna, I Made Indra .................................... 48

Wiharta, D. M. ................................................ 57

Wiharta, Dewa Made ..................... 48, 157, 210

Winaya, I Nyoman Suprapta ........................ 126

Wirastuti, N.M.A.E.D. ................................... 138

Wirastuti, NMAE Dewi ................................. 101

Wirastuti, NMAED ....................................... 120

Wiryajati, I K. ................................................. 65

Wisnawa, I Putu Oka ................................... 168

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