Copyright Collective Management Role and Functioning of RROs Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Repronig – IFRRO – NCC – ARIPO – WIPO Conference 17 September 2013Lagos.

Copyright Collective Management Role and Functioning of RROs

Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO

Repronig – IFRRO – NCC – ARIPO – WIPO Conference

17 September 2013 Lagos

Provider of reliable information on copyright-led solutions in the text and image based sector

IFRROInternational Federation of Reproduction Rights Organisations

The global network140 members in 77 countries

International Federation of Reproduction Rights Organisations

87 RROs 53 Creator & Publisherbodies

IFRRO Key Activities• Communications /

Information

• Business Approaches

• Regional Development

Cooperates with• WIPO• UNESCO

• EU• OAPI, ARIPO, LAS

APEC, CERLALC

• CISAC, SAA, etc.• IFLA, EBLIDA

• RROs in 77 countries– Europe 35– Africa 12– Americas and Caribbean 18– Asia and Oceania 12

• Key facets of RRO activities– Awareness raising– Copyright enforcement– Licence, collect and distribute revenues;

• Operate on the basis of – Mandates from Authors or Publishers– Legislation

RROs -Reproduction Rights OrganisationsSet up/Governed jointly by Authors and Publishers

IFRRO. RRO-members, total members and collected fees

RROs and total members 22.8.2013; Collected fees 1989-2012

020406080

100120140160

1989 1994 2000 2008 2012/13

Me

mb

ers

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

Co

lle

cte

d f

ee

s i

n U

SD

RROs Total members Collected fees

Income from secondary uses is indispensible to creation and investment in new works

Supporting collective management is

supporting economy, knowledge, culture

The educational publishing ecosystem Primary market

Secondary market

Exceptions

7

Valuing copyright allows investmentin creativity, knowledge and culture

exceptions are important; unremunerated exceptions should be limited to instances where primary and secondary markets cannot fulfil a market need efficiently

Authors• 20% decline in income from secondary uses would mean a drop

of 29% in output or the equivalent of 2,870 works per year.

Publishers• Secondary copyright payments play an important role in

incentivising investment in new products

Source: PWC, An economic analysis of education exceptions in copyright

Provision of easy legal access to copyright works

Protects both content creators and consumers

Income from secondary usesFundamental to the author & development

Seamless Access to © works – Addressing primary and secondary markets

Provision of easy, legal access to © works protects users and R/Hs

ACCESSFINDING

RETRIEVING

USING

SHARING

Works Rightsholders

PaidFreely available

Personal use

Classroom use

Research/Collaboration

Republication

New Work

Translation

Print-disabled version

Photocopying

Internal External

E-mailing

Internal External

Posting

Intranet Internet

Storing

Text & Data Mining

Accessing Intellectual Property

RRO Collective Administration Contributes to seamless access to © works

• Individual licensing when one to one or many

• Collective management when many to many; when individual licensing is

– Impossible• Typically Orphan works

– Impracticable or Insufficient• Typically Multiple copying & Out-of-Print works

RROs complements individual administration

Operate on the basis of mandates from; governed jointly by• Authors and Publishers

Writers including translators; Visual artists; Composers

Publishers (Book, journal, newspaper, magazine, music)

• Legislation

Key facets of RRO activities Awareness raising Copyright enforcement Licence, collect and distribute revenues

RROs Make Copyright Work!

RROs -Reproduction Rights OrganisationsCollective Rights Managers in text & image sector

Content of RRO repertoire licence

• Limited extracts• 5-15%; chapter; article• Personal and Internal use

• Permitted uses• Photocopying and scanning• Download, store, print, internal dissemination, external

dissemination

• Authorised users• Terms• Fees• Usage reporting requirements• Compliance awareness

Digital sources and applications

• Sources

• Applications and uses

o Scan o PPTo Printout o Whiteboardo Intranet oView

o Virtual Learning Environmento Document delivery

o Store o Redirect to contento Email o RRO content database

o Analogue o Onlineo Electronic carrier o Internet download

RROsAreas of Collective Administration

• Education at all levels– Schools; Universities; Further education; Distance Education

• Trade and Industry

• Public Administration– Government; Regional; Local

• Religious bodies

• Public and Research libraries

• Cultural institutions

• Copy shops

• Press Cutting Agencies

RRO rights administrationNew areas

• Digital Libraries– Orphan Works

– Works out of Commerce• Model Licences – Secure and Open Networks• Rights Clearance• Databases

• People with print disabilities• Trusted Intermediaries (TI) pilot project

• WIPO Stakeholder Platform - TIGAR• EC Stakeholder Dialogue – MoU - ETIN

A society that values knowledge and culture values its creators

Governments

Vital in enforcing the © ecosystem

Legislation Adopt appropriate legal framework Enforce legislation

Awareness raising

Licensing Take up licence for own copying Take up licence for copying in owned institutions Recommend and encourage copyright licensing

Role of Government

Helps create wealth, employment and economic growth

Strengthening copyright &

collective management

Copyright A Fundamental Human Right!

• Fundamental problem: Web being free obscures the fact that people created all this data

• Much of the danger to middle-class professionals stems from Internet’s hostility to ownership of knowledge

• Restore the value of data( Jaron Lanier: Who owns the future)

Jaron Lanier virtual reality

A world that values knowledge values its creators!

Economic growth

Cannot be created by giving all away for free

Al Gore

We are nearing a threshold beyond which so many jobs are lost that the level of consumer demand falls below the level necessary to sustain healthy economic growth

(Al Gore in The Future)

The Copyright Sectors Fuel the Digital Economy!

Collective ManagementSeamless access to copyright works

Safe

Simple

Fast

Innovative

Convenient

Cost effective

2323

Thank you!

[email protected]

www.ifrro.org