Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Chapter 32 Diagnostic Imaging
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Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Chapter 32
Diagnostic Imaging
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Radiation Safety
• Powerful, dangerous– Harmful to fetus
• Dosimeter
• Lead aprons
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
X-ray Machine
• Three main parts – Table, tube, control panel
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Contrast Media
• Radiopaque
• Radiolucent
• Types– Barium sulfate
– Iodine compounds
– Air
– Carbon dioxide
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Patient Preparation
• Proper preparation essential
• Positioning the patient– Basic views
PA View of Hand >>
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Fluoroscopy
• Views internal organs in motion• Contrast medium given
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Diagnostic Imaging
• Positron emission tomography (PET)– Uses computer and radiopharmaceuticals
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Diagnostic Imaging
• Computerized tomography (CT)– Radiation beams produce cross-sectional images
– Noninvasive
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Diagnostic Imaging
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)– Noninvasive
– Cylinder-shaped machine contains electromagnet
– Three types of MRI machines >>
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Diagnostic Imaging
• Flat plates– Plain films
• No special technique or contrast medium
• Ultrasound– High frequency sound waves used to image
– Transducer emits sound waves
– Oscilloscope displays visual picture
– Noninvasive
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Diagnostic Imaging
• Mammography– Highest resolution and contrast
– Fully regulated by the U.S. government
– Digitalization
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Diagnostic Imaging
• Filing films and reports– Part of patient’s permanent record
– Store in special envelopes in a cool dry place and in the electronic medical record
– Property of hospital/facility
– Written report by radiologist sent to patient’s physician
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Radiation Therapy
• General use to treat tumors– Inaccessible for surgical treatment
– Shrinks tumor
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Stereotactic Radiotherapy
• Beams of radiation from different directions meet at a specific point
• Uses computerized imagery
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Nuclear Medicine
• Radioactive compounds (radionuclides) used for:– Diagnosis
– Therapy
– Research
• Uses a camera and nearby computer
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