This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Networking Problems in Networking Problems in Using Quantum RepeatersUsing Quantum RepeatersRodney Van MeterRodney Van MeterMAUI, 2009/4/16MAUI, 2009/4/16
I want to Build a Distributed Quantum System Like This
Laboratory-sized quantum multicomputer or transcontinental network, either one!
Repeater Protocol Stack
4
Van Meter et al., IEEE/ACM Trans. on Networking,Aug. 2009 (to appear), quant-ph:0705.4128
Physical Entanglement (PE)
Entanglement Control (EC)
Purification Control (PC)
Entang. Swapping Ctl (ESC)
Purification Control (PC)
Application
Distance=1
}
}
Repeated atDifferent Distances
}End-to-End
Only quantum!
5
Outline
•Two types of quantum networks• IPsec with QKD• IPsec with QKD• US & European efforts• Open problems & plans
•Repeaters• Basic concepts• Our recent results• Open problems & plans
6
Two Types of Quantum Networks
UnentangledNetworks
EntangledNetworks
A B
C
E
G
H
7
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)
•Creates a shared, random secret between two nodes
•Uses physical effects to guarantee that key has not been observed
•Requires authenticated classical channel
• Limited to <150km per hop
IPsec with QKD (ORF2008)
The DARPA Quantum Network
QKD Endpoint
QKD Switch
Eavesdropping
QKD Endpoint
QKD Switch
QKD EndpointQKD Switch
PrivateEnclave Private
Enclave
PrivateEnclave
BBN Harvard
BU
Dark MetroFiber
Lab Fiber
ConventionalEthernet
slide from Elliott, BBN
SECOQC Prototype - principle layout
FOR81 m
LMU
Slide fromM. Peev, 2008
A Trusted repeater QKD-Network: Abstract Architecture (SECOQC, Europe)
QKD Access Node
QKD Core Node
Secrets Plane
QKD Access Node
QKD Core Node
VPN-greenSite 1
VPN-yellowSite 1 VPN-yellow
Site 2
Data Plane
Quantum Plane
Slide fromM. Peev, 2008
12
QKD with IPsec Plans
• Test over raw fiber, Yagami<->K2•Use key for one-time pad•Work w/ NEC, BBN & ITU to standardize•Write experimental I-D on IKE changes• Take to IETF in Hiroshima?
13
Outline
• Two types of quantum networks• IPsec with QKD• IPsec with QKD• US & European efforts• Open problems & plans
Large gains in throughput.Moderate # qubits (5-50).Avoids deadlock.Realistic memory model.Simple to implement inreal time (even in HW).Probably not optimal,but probably close.
Kae Nemoto (coauthors on much of this work), as well as Austin Fowler, Jim Harrington, Kohei Itoh, Agung Trisetyarso, Byung-Soo Choi, Shota Nagayama, and Takahiko Satoh
And funding from NICT, MEXT, NSF, the Mori Fund at Keio, and now JSPS for funding.
AQUA: Advancing Quantum Architecture
情報は物理である:情報は物理である:Information is physicalInformation is physical