Copy of BOTANISTS - Powerpoint

7/31/2019 Copy of BOTANISTS - Powerpoint

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Centro Escolar University

School of Pharmacy

Marilou M. Lanto

History of Botany


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Objective:

To be familiar withforeign and Filipinoscientist who contributed

in the development ofbotany as a science.


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What is Botany?The study of botany or plant

biology encompasses the origin,

diversity, structure and internalprocesses of plants as well as theirrelationships with other organisms

and with the nonliving physicalenvironment.


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Characteristics of Plants

Plants are highly organized Plants take in and use energy Plants respond to stimuli Plants grow and develop

Plants reproduce (Sexual and Asexual) Plant DNA transmit information from one

generation to the next Plant populations undergo genetic changes

overtime


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Ebers medical papyrus

Two Egyptians Book

The Ebers Papyrus of about 1550 BC is

among the most important ancientEgyptian medical papyri

It is one of two of the oldest preserved

medical documents anywhere.

The Ebers papyrus was purchased at

Luxor(Thebes) in the winter of 187374 byGeorge Ebers and is now in the library of

the University of Leipzig, Germany


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Edwin Smith Papyrus

Two Egyptians Book

The Edwin Smith papyrus is the world'searliest known medical document, written

around 1600 BC but thought to be based onmaterial from as early as 3000 BC.

It is an ancient textbook on trauma surgery anddescribes anatomical observations and the

examination, diagnosis, treatment, and

prognosis of numerous injuries in exquisite

detail.

The papyrus contains the first descriptions ofthe cranial sutures, the meninges, the external

surface of the brain, the cerebrospinal fluid, andthe intracranial pulsations.


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nThe best knownrepresentative of the

Pythagoreanphilosophical sch.. In his

view, the world wascomposed out of the fourelements water, fire, earth

& air

nHe thought that plantscame into being earlier

than animals and thattheir organism formed nointegrated whole, but that

every part lived on itsown.


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the Father ofBiology, who

wrote HistoriaAnimalium

that contains

accurate

descriptions ofanimals of

Greece and

Asia minor

Aristotle


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He served his agemainly as a great

popularizer of science.The most important of

his books are two largebotanical treatises,

On the History ofPlants, in nine books(originally ten), and On

the Causes of Plants, in

six books (originallyeight), which constitute

the most importantcontribution to botanical

science during antiquity

and the middle ages; onthe strength of these

works some call him theFather of

Theophrastus


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PedaniusDioscorides


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nHe was a widely travelled clergymanand scholar.

nHe is thought to be the rediscoverer ofscientific botany. In his work, that deals

only in a small section with plants is the

body of thought of antiquity mirrored;still, it does

represent the first descriptional work onthe flora of Europe and it became both

model and precursor of western

literature (not only in the subject ofbotany).

St. Albert the

Great


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He was the first to paycloser attention to flowersand fruits. He depicted

them repeatedly and noticed

their value for the

classification of the

relation of different plants.


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Antoine Laurentde Jussieu


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A SwedishBotanist who

developedbinomial system

of genus and

species.He establishedTaxonomy as a

discipline.


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In 1665 he published abook entitled

Micrographia, which

contained a number of

microscopic and

telescopic observationsHooke coined the

biological term

Cell -- so called because

his observations of plant

cells reminded him of

monks cells which were

called "cellula".The hand-crafted, leather

and gold-tooled

microscope Hooke used

to make these

observations for

"Micrographia,


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Published hisOrigin of

Species in1859.

nHe developedtheory of

evolution by

natural selection.


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Father ofGenetics

for his study

of the

inheritance

of traits inpea plants.


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The Wizard ofHorticulture

An Americanbotanist,

horticulturist, and

pioneer of

agricultural science.

He developedmore than 800

strains and varieties

of plants over his

55-year career.


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Eduardo Quisumbing

" Author of more than 129scientific articles, many onorchids." served as the Director of theNational Museum of the

Philippines, where he rebuilt the

Herbarium" "Saccolabium quisumbingii" isnamed in honor of him.

" A noted expert in the medicinal plants of the Philippines.


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A noted Filipino botanist whois known for her research inthe morphology, physiology,

and biochemistry of drug

plants, in particularagar,

rauwolfia, datura, mint andPiper.

Magdalena Cantoria


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Honored for her research workthat identified a species ofmicroscopic plant Trichoderma

harzianum, which is used asactivator for rapid composting of

agricultural wastes and asgrowth enhancer and biological

agent, that prevents and curesvegetable crop diseases caused

by soil borne fungal pathogen.


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Luz Oliveros-Belardo, Ph. D.

A distinguished scholar,chemist and researcher

spent five decades of her lifeworking on the chemistry of

natural products specifically onPhilippine medicinal plants

extracted 33 new Philippineessential oils and studied their

chemical and physicalproperties


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Professor at the BotanyDivision of the PhilippinesNational Museum in Manila

Discovered new speciesfrom Palawan and haswritten more than 10scientific articles onplants in the region

Author ofA Pictorial Guideto Noteworthy Plants ofPalawan and A Dictionaryof Philippines PlantNames.


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