Cooperative Emerald Ash Borer Project Emerald … Emerald Ash Borer Iowa State University Webcast Cooperative Emerald Ash Borer Project March 15, 2007 The Michigan Experience and Ideas

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Emerald Ash BorerEmerald Ash BorerIowa State University Iowa State University WebcastWebcast

Cooperative Emerald Ash Borer Project

March 15, 2007

The MichiganExperience andIdeas forCoping with theThreat of EAB

In 2002 the EmeraldAsh Borer (EAB) wasidentified infesting ashtrees in SoutheasternMichigan and nearbyCanada.

Discovery in MichiganDiscovery in Michigan……

A New Pest In

North America

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EAB Response StrategyEAB Response Strategy

• Research – provide better methods to do allof the above

• Survey –determine where the pest occurs

• Regulate –establish quarantined areas to

contain the pest and facilitate commerce

when risk of spread of EAB can be mitigated

• Control – actions to eradicate the pest

• Outreach & Education – educate the public and industry and seek their support

Regulatory Response

In 2002 the State ofMichigan quarantined 6counties and added 7additional counties in 2003.

This September 17, 2003,map represents surveydata and quarantinedcounties in Michigan.

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EAB Survey

EAB survey

positives

found by

January 1,

2003.

EAB Survey

EAB survey

positives by

January 1,

2005

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EAB Survey

EAB survey

positives by

March 2007

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Survey MethodologySurvey Methodology

• Visual

• DestructiveSampling

• Detection Tree

• Trap

Firewood Firewood –– A People Pathway A People Pathway

Firewood for Home Heating

Firewood for leisure camping

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Pallet Stock-Pallet Stock- highly mobile and

difficult to identify origin and make-up

• New pallet stockretaining cambiumand bark.

• Runners with barkattached

Log MovementLog Movement

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Nursery StockNursery Stock

• Transported nursery stock was thecause of the most distant outlierinfestation of EAB.

• Early on the state of Michigan puta moratorium on the movement ofash nursery stock in the LowerPeninsula

Regulatory EnforcementRegulatory Enforcement

Laws too gentle are seldom obeyed; too severe,Laws too gentle are seldom obeyed; too severe,

seldom executed.seldom executed.Benjamin Franklin, statesman, author, and inventor (1706-1790

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Regulatory ContactsRegulatory Contacts…… providing information

Education & OutreachEducation & Outreach

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Education & OutreachEducation & Outreach

Michigan’s Urban Landscape

Ash lined street in summer

Street after tree removal

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Woodlot Impacts

Essex County, Ontario Canada

Black AshNative AmericanCultural Heritage

Black ash seed is beingcollected and stored in a national seed bank

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Control CuttingControl Cutting

Cutting trees isCutting trees is

personalpersonal

Control CuttingControl Cutting

Removing andRemoving and

replacing trees isreplacing trees is

expensiveexpensive

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Control CuttingControl Cutting

It can bedifficult toachieve

Wood UtilizationWood Utilization

How to deal with thevolume of dead anddying ash material

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What to do about What to do about ash woodash wood in in

MichiganMichigan

• Marshalling yards

• Wood utilization initiatives

• ROOT – ‘Restoration of Our Trees’

• Community preparedness planning

• Public land management - Dept. ofNatural Resources timber sales and ashphloem reduction initiatives

• State coordinated tree removal contracts

National Science Advisory

Panel recommendation

• Gateway A

Response…Strategy – Management by Zones

– Mackinaw Bridge

• Gateway B– St. Clair

• Gateway C– MI – IN, MI – OH

Borders

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What Happened?What Happened?

• EAB is thought to have been introduced atleast ten (10) years before discovery.

• There was less than 2 pages of writtenresearch on the pest when it wasdiscovered.

• Time is needed for science to providebetter tools and more EAB knowledge

Accelerated Research InitiativeAccelerated Research Initiative

•Better tools to survey and control the pest•Better treatments to mitigate risk of artificial spread•More knowledge about the pest to open future options

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What Can Iowa DoWhat Can Iowa Do

Now?Now?

Don’t wait for this…detect EAB early

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Evaluate Risk of Artificial MovementEvaluate Risk of Artificial Movement

especially nursery stock, firewood and pallets

Review Existing Laws/OrdinancesReview Existing Laws/Ordinances

• Review States’ authorities for agricultural

penalties and reform if necessary

• Make sure city ordinances cover invasives

and/or nuisance pests

• Review policies on public land for firewood

movement from outside the area

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Wood UtilizationWood Utilization

• Promote and research wood utilizationalternatives

• Cities and municipalities should reviewmaterial and financial resources to dealwith ash biomass

• Look to create ways for cities to get fundsfrom wood products to be used forrestoration and beautification

Identify your partners andIdentify your partners andstakeholdersstakeholders

It takes everybody to prepare for and respond toIt takes everybody to prepare for and respond toEABEAB

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Clawson City Park, Michigan.

Trees with X are ash marked for removal

•City Park

Managers

•Municipal

Maintenance

Dept.

•Urban

Foresters

•City Planners

Stakeholders/Partners

State Depts. of Transportation

• Survey• Signage• Regulatory stops

Stakeholders/Partners

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Stakeholders/Partners

Island Lake (Huron River), MI

•State and Federal Parks•Bureau of Land Management•Conservation Districts•Campground Owner Assoc.•Tourist Councils•Outdoor Recreation Industry

Cook County, Illinois Note woodpecker “blonding”

Regionalbirdwatcherscan beapproachedto reportareas withextensive woodpecker feeding

Stakeholders/Partners

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Homeowners andHomeowners and

propertyproperty

associations areassociations are

often responsibleoften responsible

for finding newfor finding new

infestationsinfestations

Stakeholders/Partners

Stakeholders/Partners

http://archive.pulp.tc/assets/images/New_Rules.gif

Utility Companies

Special Interest Groups

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•• Nursery Assoc.Nursery Assoc.

•• LandscapersLandscapers

Assoc.Assoc.

•• DevelopmentDevelopment

CouncilsCouncilsEAB gallery in nursery stock whip

Stakeholders/

Partners

Springport Schools Ash Bash

•University Extension

•Public Radio

•Public Libraries

•Boy Scouts

•School Districts

•Future Farmers ofAmerica

Stakeholders/Partners

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$ EAB Costs $$ EAB Costs $

• City of Toronto estimates a cost of $37 million over 5years to remove ash and complete restoration

• The 10 year impact of EAB in Ohio is > $3 billion

• Ash represents approx. 8% of Toledo’s trees (~8,000trees); it will take 5 years to remove them

• Ann Arbor proposed a tax to raise $4.2 millionto remove dead and dying ash trees

• Grand Rapids says it will cost $10-$12 million todeal with their ash street trees (15% of trees)

Other EAB Landscaping OptionsOther EAB Landscaping Options

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The FutureThe FutureEradicate or Manage ?Eradicate or Manage ?

• Ash phloem reduction• Natural Control – parasitoids

– Spathius agrili Yang – external larval parasitioid– Tetrastichus planipennis Yang – internal larval

parasitoid– Oobius agrili – solitary egg parasitoid

• Chemical control– Spinosad– Tree injcetions/soil drenches

• Ash tree resistance• EAB attractant volatiles – host and/or mating

Information Resources Information Resources

EAB Information/Hot Line- Dial Toll Free: (866) 322-4512EAB Information/Hot Line- Dial Toll Free: (866) 322-4512

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/ppq/ep/eab

www.emeraldashborer.info

www.na.fs.fed.us/spfo/eab/index.html

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Thank YouThank You…… photos, maps and more photos, maps and more

James Zablotny, Entomologist, USDA APHIS

Brian Sullivan, USDA APHIS

Katie Armstrong, USDA FS

David Cappaert, MSU

Philip Bell USDA APHIS

Ken Merchant, CFIA

John Bedford, MDA

Michigan Dept. of Agriculture

Dave Leatherman, Retired

Jodie Ellis, Purdue Extension

Maps

Doug Bopp, GIS USDA

USDA Forest Service