2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Power generation cost 46 J P Y /kW h 23 J P Y /kW h 14 J PY /kW h 7 J P Y /kW h Leap in efficiency ○ Com pound crystalline solarcell 50 J PY /W 〔 40% at collection] -M ulti-junction technology ● H igh-efficiency com pound concentrating solarcell 75 J P Y /W 〔 30% at collection] Module production cost 〔 conversion efficiency〕 -S ystem technologies (grid connection,batteries,etc.) ◆H igh-perform ance pow erstorage ◆H EM S/B EM S/Local-levelEM S Supporting and related technologies Cool Earth - Innovative Energy Technology Program Technology Development Roadmap ○RD&D Roadmap Milestones including elemental technologies to promote RD&D and the direction of RD&D for 21 Innovative Technologies are developed on temporal axis. Relevant supporting technologies are also referred to. ○ Introduction/diffusion scenario Major steps to accomplish RD&D goals and related policies are summarized for 21 technologies. ●: Innovative technologies ◆: Innovative technologies described in other area ○: Existing technologies - : Elemental technologies, etc. Italic: Direction of technology development Major performance targets of R&D and expected timing of accomplishment RD&D Market introduction and diffusion Direction from RD&D toward diffusion (Appendix)
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Cool Earth - Innovative Energy Technology Program Technology Development Roadmap ○ RD&D Roadmap Milestones including elemental technologies to promote.
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50 JPY/W〔40% at collection]- Multi-junction technology
●High-efficiency compound concentrating solar cell
75 JPY/W〔30% at collection]Module production cost 〔conversion efficiency〕
- System technologies (grid connection, batteries, etc.) ◆ High-performance power storage◆ HEMS/BEMS/Local-level EMS
Supporting and related technologies
Cool Earth- Innovative Energy Technology Program
Technology Development Roadmap
○RD&D Roadmap
Milestones including elemental technologies to promote RD&D and the direction of RD&D for 21 Innovative Technologies are developed on temporal axis. Relevant supporting technologies are also referred to.
○ Introduction/diffusion scenario
Major steps to accomplish RD&D goals and related policies are summarized for 21 technologies.
●: Innovative technologies◆: Innovative technologies described in other area○: Existing technologies- : Elemental technologies, etc.Italic: Direction of technology development
Major performance targets of R&D and expected timing of accomplishment
RD&DMarket introduction and diffusion
Direction from RD&D toward diffusion
(Appendix)
① High-Efficiency Natural Gas Fired Power Generation
Introduction/diffusion scenario
2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
●High-efficiency natural gas power generation
Net efficiency (HHV) 56% (1700 class)℃- Combined cycle power generation
High-efficiency natural gas fired power generation
FC/GT hybrid power generation
While protecting the intellectual property rights, Japanese technologies, know-how and so forth will be provided to overseas power suppliers to meet the demands of developed and developing nations where demands for power are expected to grow to promote diffusion of high-efficiency natural gas fired power generation in overseas.
◆High-efficiency natural gas fired power generation
- Chemical absorption, Physical absorption/adsorption, Membrane separation, Utilization of unused low-grade exhaust heat to regenerate absorbent, etc.
- Aquifer, Waste oil and gas field, Coal seam- Transportation technologies
- Dissolution and dilution, Deep-sea storage and sequestration, etc.
Evaluation of storage potential
- Enhanced oil recovery (EOR)
- Size increase in separation membrane, Successive production
4,200 JPY/t-CO2
System
Others
Large-scale system demonstration
Reinforcement of international cooperation
Introduction/diffusion scenario
- CO2 behavior analysis technologies
- Monitoring technologies
Separation and capture
Supporting and related technologies
Environmental impact evaluation and public acceptance (including monitoring for protocol post closure )
④ Innovative Photovoltaic Power Generation
In-building high-voltage connection system for captive consumption
2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
Power generation cost 46 JPY/kWh 23 JPY/kWh 14 JPY/kWh
●Organic PV (dye-sensitized, thin-film organic)
Drastic cost reduction
Leap in efficiency
○Crystalline Si PV
○Thin-film CIS PV
○Compound semiconductor PV
Drastic cost reduction and expansion in popularization
Residential
Industrial
Overseas
Conventional grid connectionMedium-range community PV system
* Small-scale system for houses in areas without electricity supply in developing nations
Introduction support by public authorities, etc.Market expansion support by RPS, etc.
Wide-area PV system
SHS (Solar Home System)*Mini grid
7 JPY/kWh
●Ultra-thin crystalline Si PV
50 JPY/W 〔 40% at collection]- Multi-junction technology
●High-efficiency compound semiconductor PV
○Tandem thin-film Si PV○Single-junction thin-film Si PV
Drastic cost reduction
●Ultra high-efficiency thin-film PV
-Ultra high-efficiency PV such as quantum nanostructure
●PV with innovative structure/material
Leap in efficiency
Theoretical efficiency 50% or higher
100 JPY/W 〔 16% 〕
100 JPY/W 〔 12% 〕
75 JPY/W 〔 19% 〕
75 JPY/W 〔 14% 〕
50 JPY/W 〔 22% 〕
45 JPY/W 〔 18% 〕
50 JPY/W 〔 22% 〕
75 JPY/W 〔 18% 〕
75 JPY/W 〔 10% 〕 50 JPY/W 〔 15% 〕ー JPY/W 〔 6%〕
75 JPY/W 〔 35% at collection]
- Multi-junction technology
- Multi-junction technology
Very-Large-Scale Photovoltaic power generation (VLS-PV)
Module conversion efficiency 40% or higher
Module production cost 〔 conversion efficiency 〕
Introduction/diffusion scenario
- System technologies (grid connection, batteries, etc.) ◆High-performance power storage◆HEMS/BEMS/Local-level EMS
Supporting and related technologies
LWR
FR
SMR
⑤ Advanced Nuclear Power Generation
Small and medium reactors Development in international market
Next-generation light-water reactorConceptual design and elemental technology development
Detailed design, licensing, construction, etc.Operation of next-generation light-water reactor
FR Cycle demonstrationFR Cycle Technology Development (FaCT) Project Designing and construction of
demonstration reactor
Feasibilitystudy
Operation of prototype reactor “Monju”1977 - Operation of experimental reactor “Joyo” Construction of commercial reactor
(before 2050)
Feasibility Study on FR CycleDesigning and licensing on
commercial reactorOperation of
demonstration reactor
Introduction/diffusion scenario
Achievements of development and operation in light-water reactors
Commercialization of FR Cycle
●Fast reactorCommercial fast reactor
●Next-generation light-water reactor
- Shift to more effective inspections- Steady management of substantial measures against aging
Excellent economics, reliability and safety
●Small and medium reactors
○Proper utilization of existing reactors with increased safety
Drastic improvement of efficiency ofuranium utilizationSubstantial reduction in radioactive wastes
2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
- For domestic replacement- Expansion into international market as a
global standard reactor
Prototype fast reactor “Monju”
(Tsuruga-city, Fukui)Under modification
Demonstration fast reactor
Experimental fast reactor “Joyo” (O-arai-machi, Ibaraki)
Achieved initial criticality in 1977 and operating up to present.
Expansion into international market (addressed by subjecting markets different from large reactors such as the next-generation light-water reactor)
- Technologies for radioactive waste treatment and disposal (including recycling of nuclear materials through reprocessing)- Decommissioning technologies
-Development technologies for microorganisms and enzyme
○Bio-diesel fuel (BDF)
- ETBE production
Ethanol / ETBE production Ethanol production from cellulose
BDF production
GTL production
Direct synthesis of DME
CTL production BTL production
- Bio Hydrofined Diesel
-Development of new short rotation crops with high-efficiency photosynthetic capacity
- Small, high-efficiency liquefaction technology
-The securing of short rotation crops by domestic product and international cooperation
(Alternative fuel of Gasoline)
(Alternative fuel of Diesel)
- Butanol fermentation
Spread promotion by demonstration
Establishment legal system for quality assurance of biofuel
Spread promotion of diesel engine
Drastic cost reduction and high-efficiency improvement
Introduction/diffusion scenario
-Improvement of process(Pretreatment, saccharification, conversion to ethanol)
- Clean diesel vehicles Equivalent emission and cost to gasoline vehicles- Combination vehicles of flex fuel vehicles (FFV) and hybrid vehicles
◆Fuel cell vehicles (FCV)Supporting and related technologies
Development of new energy saving or resource saving processing technologies
Large-scale practical applicationSmall-scale practical applicationTechnology developmentregarding titanium smelting and molding process
New titanium forging technology
Practical application and diffusion of energy-saving membrane separation water processing system
Development of membrane pore orientation control technologyTechnology to add functions to improve water permeabilityDevelopment of endurance (pressure resistance, chemical resistance) improvement technologies
Water processing by innovative separation
membrane system
Technology development related to forming process and ensuring thunder resistance in carbon fiber composite material
Practical application in small jet liners Application in other transport devices, etc.Carbon fiber composite
material technology
Co-production of power and materials (hydrogen, etc.)Reduction of exergy loss in industrial processesCo-production
Practical application of steam generation (approx. 120 ) ℃HP using exhaust heat
Improvement in compressor performance
Development of working fluid
Improvement in heat exchange parts
Practical application and popularization of steam generation HP with increased steam temperature
Expansion in application range by high performance
Steam generation heat pump
Bio refinery
Increase in the number of key materials, general purpose chemical products, etc. using bioprocesses
Increased number of products made from biomass materials
Increased distribution of biomass-derived chemical products
New heat collection and utilization system
Medium-scale practical application
Small-scale practical applicationDevelopment of energy-saving
technologies regarding glass melting and forming process
Large-scale practical applicationInnovative glass melting process
Introduction/diffusion scenario
⑪ Innovative Material, Production and Processing Technology
Industrialization of new smelting process
●Innovative glass melting process
- In-flight melting technology utilized plasma, etc.
Leap in efficiency
- High-efficiency cullet heating technology, etc.
- Scale-up technology- Glass melter automatic control technology- High-efficiency oxygen production technology- Simulation technology
(Glass production process)
Drastic energy saving and application expansion●Water processing by innovative separation membrane system
- High-efficiency motor and motor control technology, High-efficiency DC/DC converter technology, DC power supply/distribution technology, etc.
Line width (nm) 90 65 45 32 22 14 16
- Microfabrication technology
- SiC, GaN high-efficiency inverter
Drastic expansion in popularizationDrastic power consumption reduction
SystemHolding of international symposiumReduction in social load by IT society, how environmental IT business management should be implemented, transmission of development of energy saving innovative technologies to domestic and international society
Green IT promotion councilEnlightening and diffusion of environmental IT business management visualization of environmental contribution by IT in the entire society
Technology development Diffusion promotion by top-runner program, etc.
Promotion of energy saving technology development with industry-academia-government cooperation
⑰ High-Efficiency Information Device and System
- Heterogeneous multi-core technology
●Ultra low power consumption semiconductors
●Energy-saving information and communication system (server, data center, etc.)
* Reference value: Air conditioning and heating APF 6.6 (2.8 kW) Hot water supply rated COP 5.1
- Lifetime extension
(Next-generation semiconductor devices)
(Information and telecommunication devices)
30% reduction in power consumption
50,000 hours
11
(Air conditioning)
(Room heating)
(Hot water Supply)
Drastic improvement in convenience and cost reduction
Leap in efficiency
●Ultra high-efficiency heat pump for dual purpose of heating and hot water supply
Leap in efficiency
●Ultra high-efficiency heat recovery type heat pump for multiple purposes including air conditioning, and hot water supply
Subsidiary, preferential treatment in tax system
Diffusion promotion by top-runner program
Research and development with industry-academia-government cooperation
Information provision to public
International cooperation promotion though IEA etc.
◆HEMS/BEMS/Local-level EMS
◆ HEMS/BEMS/Local-level EMS
Introduction/diffusion scenario
Introduction/diffusion scenario
- Circuit design technology, Transistor with new structure
- Energy demand and supply analysis /forecasting technology
- Local area EMS- Block-level EMS
- Cluster type (local-/city-level) EMS
- Organic combined technology with HEMS/BEMS and local heat/electricity supply
- Micro sensing technology- Energy (electricity/heat) storage system integration
Diffusion of ESCO projects, Development in energy saving businesses such as EPS, Further efficiency and IT development in commercial and household devices
- In-house sensor network- Renewable energy integration
- Coordination with autonomous local energy demand and supply system
- Energy saving technologies such ad DC power supply
- Application of HEMS technology
- Energy saving cooperation and control by living activity forecasting technology
- Next-generation ultra energy saving BEMS
- Application of HEMS/BEMS technology
⑲ High-Performance Power Storage
○Ni metal hydride battery
2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
Lifetime 10 years
Cost 40,000 JPY/kWh
20 years
Hybrid vehicle
○Capacitor ●Capacitors based on new concept
Drastic performance improvement and cost reductionAutomobile power train assistance
- Electric dual-layer capacitor, Hybrid capacitor, etc.
Energy density
Cost
200 Wh/kg 500 Wh/kg(For vehicles)
(For stationary use)
15,000 JPY/kWh
30,000 JPY/kWh 20,000 JPY/kWh 5,000 JPY/kWh
150 Wh/kg
200,000 JPY/kWh
70~ 100 Wh/kg
Stabilization of wind power/photovoltaic power generationPower quality improvement
For load leveling, improvement of power quality, load change compensation
Mobile devices
For memory maintenance, etc. Automobile accessory assistance
Stabilization of wind power/photovoltaic power generation
Stabilization of wind power /photovoltaic power generation
Load levelingPower quality improvement
For stationary use Local-level EMS
Load change compensation
○NA S battery, Redox flow battery
○Advanced Ni hydrogen battery
- Hybrid with storage battery
Plug-in HV vehicle
Individual development of communication hardware, middleware and sensor technology
BEMS
Local-level EMS connected distributed power supply, Photovoltaic power generation, etc.
●Batteries with new concept/principle
・ Metal-air battery, etc.
Drastic performance improvement and cost reduction
Drastic performance improvement and cost reduction
For Hybrid vehicleFor Mobile device
●Advanced Li ion battery
For Plug-in hybrid vehicle and electric vehicle - Li metal battery, LiS battery, etc.
Stabilization of wind power/photovoltaic power generation
Public vehicles,Commuters EV for limited-use General Commuter EV Full-spec EV
For vehicles
◆HEMS/BEMS/Local-level EMS
◆Next-generation high- efficiency lighting
◆Innovative photovoltaic power generation
◆Energy-conserving information devices and systems
◆Advanced Li ion battery
◆High heat insulation and shielding houses and buildings
◆Power electronics
Introduction/diffusion scenario
Introduction/diffusion scenario
HEMS
Supporting and related technologies
Supporting and related technologies
◆HEMS /BEMS/Local-level EMS
Si
SiC
GaN-type
Diamond
Hydrogen Production, Transport and Storage2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
Hydrogen price 150 JPY/Nm3
●Hydrogen transport technology
●Hydrogen production technology
Drastic transport efficiency improvement and safety improvement
Hydrogen from fossil fuels, By-product hydrogen, Water electrolysis
80 JPY/Nm3 40 JPY/Nm3
- Hydrogen production from fossil fuels
-Hydrogen production by renewable energy utilization
- Hydrogen fermentation, Photocatalyst, etc.
Drastic cost reduction
- Compressed hydrogen transport
- Liquid hydrogen transport
- Organic hydride transport
- Pipeline transport
●Hydrogen storage technologyDrastic advances, cost reduction, and endurance and safety improvement