Convergence 08 Virtualization Trends, Virtualization Trends, Challenges and Challenges and Solutions Solutions Naresh Sehgal, Ph.D., MBA Naresh Sehgal, Ph.D., MBA Lead SW Architect Lead SW Architect Enterprise Platforms and Services Division Enterprise Platforms and Services Division Intel Corp, Bangalore Intel Corp, Bangalore Email: [email protected]Email: [email protected]
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Convergence 08 Virtualization Trends, Challenges and Solutions Naresh Sehgal, Ph.D., MBA Lead SW Architect Enterprise Platforms and Services Division Intel.
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Convergence 08
Virtualization Trends, Virtualization Trends, Challenges and SolutionsChallenges and Solutions
Robert X. Cringely on Computers…Robert X. Cringely on Computers…
"If the automobile had followed the same "If the automobile had followed the same development cycle as the computer… development cycle as the computer…
A Rolls-Royce would today cost $100, A Rolls-Royce would today cost $100,
get a million miles per gallon, and get a million miles per gallon, and
explode once a year, killing everyone explode once a year, killing everyone inside.” inside.”
CPU virtualization requires binary translation or CPU virtualization requires binary translation or paravirtualizationparavirtualizationMust emulate I/O devices in softwareMust emulate I/O devices in software
FunctionalityFunctionalityParavirtualization may limit supported guest OSesParavirtualization may limit supported guest OSesGuest OSes “see” only simulated platform and I/O devicesGuest OSes “see” only simulated platform and I/O devices
Reliability and ProtectionReliability and ProtectionI/O device drivers run as part of host OS or hypervisorI/O device drivers run as part of host OS or hypervisorNo protection from errant DMA that corrupts memoryNo protection from errant DMA that corrupts memory
PerformancePerformanceOverheads of address translation in softwareOverheads of address translation in softwareExtra memory required (e.g., translated code, shadow tables)Extra memory required (e.g., translated code, shadow tables)
IntelIntel®® Virtualization Technology will play an Virtualization Technology will play anintegral role on the next generation of VMMsintegral role on the next generation of VMMs
Upholding high-levels Upholding high-levels of business continuityof business continuity
CPU Usage30%
CPU Usage90%
CPU Usage62%
CPU Usage63%
Convergence 08
Emerging Business Usage ModelsEmerging Business Usage Models
Prevents malicious packets Prevents malicious packets from entering the OSfrom entering the OS
Supported by over 45 OEMs, ISVs, & IT Outsourcers
HP OpenView
More details in the IDF vProTM tracks
Convergence 08
IntelIntel®® Virtualization and Virtualization and IntelIntel®® vPro™ technology vPro™ technology
Uses IntelUses Intel®® VT for creating a separate VT for creating a separate independent hardware-based independent hardware-based environment inside of the PC environment inside of the PC
Service PartitionService Partition – –
Allowing IT administrators to create Allowing IT administrators to create a dedicated and tamper resistant a dedicated and tamper resistant service environment or partition service environment or partition where tasks can run independently where tasks can run independently and isolated from the main and isolated from the main operating system as well as from operating system as well as from the end userthe end user
Intel, the Intel logo, and Intel architecture are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.
VTAMT
Help desk or console access even when user partition is “down”
Stack owned and managed by IT dept… protected from users
Simpler and more Secure VMM through foundation of virtualizable ISAs
Vector 3:I/O Focus
Standards for IO-device sharing:• Multi-context I/O devices• Endpoint device translation caching• Under definition in the PCI-SIG* IOV
Vector 1:Processor Focus
Vector 2:Platform Focus
Establish foundation for virtualization in the IA-32 and Itanium architectures…
VT-x
VT-i
… followed by on-going evolution of support:• Micro-architectural (e.g., lower VM switch times)• Architectural (e.g., extended page tables, EPT)
Hardware support for IO-device virtualization:• Device DMA remapping• Direct assignment of I/O devices to VMs• Device-independent control over DMA
VT-d
Increasingly better CPU and I/O virtualization Performance and Functionality as I/O devices and VMMs exploit infrastructure provided by VT-x, VT-i, VT-d
*Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others
Today
PCI-SIG
Convergence 08
Options for I/O VirtualizationOptions for I/O Virtualization
VT Goal: Support all 3 ModelsVT Goal: Support all 3 Models
Convergence 08
VT-d OverviewVT-d Overview
VT-d provides infrastructure for I/O virtualizationVT-d provides infrastructure for I/O virtualizationDefines architecture for DMA and interrupt remappingDefines architecture for DMA and interrupt remapping
Common architecture across IA platformsCommon architecture across IA platforms
Will be supported broadly across IntelWill be supported broadly across Intel®® chipsets chipsets
CPU CPU
DRAM
South Bridge
System Bus
PCI Express
PCI, LPC, Legacy devices, …
IntegratedDevices
North Bridge
VT-d
PCIe* Root Ports
*Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others
Convergence 08
How VTd works?How VTd works?
Each VM thinks it is Each VM thinks it is 0 address based0 address based
Example 6: Virtualization overhead on IntelExample 6: Virtualization overhead on Intel®® experimental client experimental client
VMM* (vs. Native OS)VMM* (vs. Native OS)
85.69%
97.88%93.90%
83.44%
99.67%
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
80.00%
90.00%
100.00%
System CPU Memory Graphic HDD
PCMark Performance Indicator
• Relatively low Virtualization overheads for client benchmark•Targeting <10% overhead with improved SW techniques
• Further VMM SW optimization and Next generation VT features to reduce virtualization overheads
* Pre beta version Source: Intel Corporation Projections and technical specifications are based on internal analysis and
subject to change
Convergence 08
Summary: A better IA platformSummary: A better IA platform
Performance HeadroomPerformance Headroom
Intel® Xeon® processors have Intel® Xeon® processors have key performance featureskey performance features for for virtualization: dual-core, hyper-threading, I/O, memory, and larger virtualization: dual-core, hyper-threading, I/O, memory, and larger caches caches
First to Market & Massive Ecosystem Support:First to Market & Massive Ecosystem Support:
Critical for more applications on the same serverCritical for more applications on the same server
More reliability features More reliability features
Proven Platform Architecture - almost 40X more Proven Platform Architecture - almost 40X more IA based servers than AMD based since 1996IA based servers than AMD based since 199611
Whitepaper on Virtualization benefits: http://www.intel.com/business/bss/products/server/virtualization_wp.pdf
“Choose the right basket”
RobustRobust: First x86 hardware assisted virtualization technology (Intel VT): First x86 hardware assisted virtualization technology (Intel VT)
InnovationInnovation: common specification = enhanced virtualization on x86 and will : common specification = enhanced virtualization on x86 and will set the standard set the standard
FlexibilityFlexibility: Leverage Intel® Xeon® processor-based servers widely deployed : Leverage Intel® Xeon® processor-based servers widely deployed infrastructure for advanced failover and dynamic load balancinginfrastructure for advanced failover and dynamic load balancing
ChoiceChoice: Broadest virtualization software support in the industry : Broadest virtualization software support in the industry
1 – source: Q4’05 IDC server Tracker, 1996-2005 total system shipped
Convergence 08
Backup
Q & A
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Example 1: SysBench Running Example 1: SysBench Running with VMware*’s ESX Server*with VMware*’s ESX Server*
SysBench normalized results graph
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
1.40
1.60
1.80
4 VM 2 VM 1 VM
Number of virtual machines
No
rma
liz
ed
sc
ore
s
Dual-Core AMD Opteron285-based server
Dual-Core Intel Xeonprocessor 5160-basedserver
Figure 1: Normalized SysBench results for the two test servers in the one, two, and four virtual machine environments. Higher numbers are better.
*Other names and brands may be claimed as property of others. System Configuration details in backup. Performance tests and ratings are measured using specific computer systems and/or components and reflect the approximate performance of Intel products as measured by those tests. Any difference in system hardware or software design or configuration may affect actual performance. Buyers should consult other sources of information to evaluate the performance of systems or components they are considering purchasing. For more information on performance tests and on the performance of Intel products, visit http://www.intel.com/performance/resources/limits.htm or call (U.S.) 1-800-628-8686 or 1-916-356-3104.
1
1.53
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
HP DL385 with 2*AMDOpteron 2.6GHz
SuperMicro SDP with 2* Dual-Core Intel ®
Xeon Processor3.0GHz
Java Performance with 4 VMs - JVM BEA WebLogic JRockit® on Microsoft* Virtual Server
Up to 53%
gain
Convergence 08
Example 4: Example 4: Energy Efficient PerformanceEnergy Efficient Performance
IntelIntel® Core CoreTMTM 2 Duo based system provide Energy Efficient Performance (EEP ) Leadership in virtualized environment
Source: Intel Corporation Projections and technical specifications are based on internal analysis and subject to change
1
1.6
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
HP DL385 with 2*AMDOpteron 2.6GHz
SuperMicro SDP with 2*Dual-Core Intel ® Xeon
Processor 3.0GHz
Performance/Watt - - JVM BEA WebLogic JRockit® on Microsoft* Virtual Server
Convergence 08
Example 5: MS VS SpecJBB 2005*Example 5: MS VS SpecJBB 2005*
IntelIntel® ®
XEONXEON®® SW Virtualized guest performance is 1.66x of Opteron SW Virtualized guest performance is 1.66x of Opteron
Host OSHost OS Microsoft* Server 2003 X64 Microsoft* Server 2003 X64 Enterprise Edition SP1 RTM Enterprise Edition SP1 RTM