CONTRIBUTION STUDY OF THE THERMODYNAMICS PROPERTIES OF THE AMMONIA-WATER MIXTURES by Sahraoui KHERRIS a, b* , Mohammed MAKHLOUF b , Djallel ZEBBAR a , and Omar SEBBANE c a Institute of Sciences and Technology, University of Tissemsilt, Tissemilt, Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria b Reactifs Systems and Materials Laboratory, Djillali LIABES University, Algeria c Materials and Renewable Energy Laboratory, Abou Bekr Belkaid University, Tlemcen, Algeria Original scientific paper DOI: 10.2298/TSCI110206083K The full thermodynamic study of the absorption refrigeration units requires the knowledge of the thermodynamic properties of the used mixture. The present work deals with the mathematical modeling of the thermodynamic properties of ammo- nia-water mixtures using various models. The presented model covers high va- por-liquid equilibrium pressures up to 110 bar and temperatures from 230 to 600 K. Furthermore, the calculation of the thermodynamic properties of the ammonia-wa- ter mixtures and their pure components was carried out. The obtained results were compared with results given in the literature. This shows a good concordance. Key words: ammonia-water, binary solution, thermodynamics properties, Merkel's, diagram Oldham's diagram Introduction The mathematical models of calculation and simulation of the systems with absorption require the knowledge of a great number of operating fluids thermodynamic properties [1]. To achieve this goal, a great number of experimental research was carried out, where the results were presented in a series of tables and diagrams; the known (H, x) diagram is well realized by Merkel and Bošnjakovi} [2]. When calculating the performance of an ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cy- cle, thermodynamic properties of the ammonia-water mixtures need to be known. These proper- ties are usually obtained from equations of states and other general equations [3]. The correlations for thermodynamic properties of ammonia-water mixtures found in literature, can be divided into nine groups: cubic equations of state [4-17], virial equations of state [16, 18-20], Gibbs excess energy [7, 10, 13, 15-17, 19, 21-36], corresponding states method [37-42], perturbation theory [35, 43], group contribution theory [12, 44], Leung- -Griffiths model [45], Helmoltz free energy [46], and polynomial functions [47, 48]. Different correlations for the thermodynamic properties of ammonia-water mixtures have been used in studies of ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cycles presented in litera- ture; they were obtained using a library of subroutines developed by Stecco and Desideri [29]. Their correlations are based on work presented by Ziegler and Trepp [26] and El-Sayed and Tribus [31]. Different equations are used for the vapor and liquid phases. The vapor is supposed to be an ideal mixture of real gases while the properties of the liquid phase are corrected by a Kherris, S., et al.: Contribution Study of the Thermodynamics Properties of ... THERMAL SCIENCE: Year 2013, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 891-902 891 * Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected]
12
Embed
contribution study of the thermodynamics properties of the ammonia-water mixtures.pdf
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
CONTRIBUTION STUDY OF THE THERMODYNAMICSPROPERTIES OF THE AMMONIA-WATER MIXTURES
by
Sahraoui KHERRIS a, b*, Mohammed MAKHLOUF b,
Djallel ZEBBAR a, and Omar SEBBANE c
a Institute of Sciences and Technology, University of Tissemsilt, Tissemilt, Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeriab Reactifs Systems and Materials Laboratory, Djillali LIABES University, Algeria
c Materials and Renewable Energy Laboratory, Abou Bekr Belkaid University, Tlemcen, Algeria
Original scientific paperDOI: 10.2298/TSCI110206083K
The full thermodynamic study of the absorption refrigeration units requires theknowledge of the thermodynamic properties of the used mixture. The present workdeals with the mathematical modeling of the thermodynamic properties of ammo-nia-water mixtures using various models. The presented model covers high va-por-liquid equilibrium pressures up to 110 bar and temperatures from 230 to 600 K.Furthermore, the calculation of the thermodynamic properties of the ammonia-wa-ter mixtures and their pure components was carried out. The obtained results werecompared with results given in the literature. This shows a good concordance.
V – molar volume, [m3kmol–1]x – liquid ammonia mole fraction,
– [kmol of NH3 kmol–1 of liquid mixture]y – vapor ammonia mole fraction,
– [kmol of NH3 kmol–1 of vapor mixture]
Subscripts
H2O – waterNH3 – ammoniar – reduced0 – reference state
Figure 10. Oldham's diagram
References
[1] Sathyabhama, A., Ashok Babu, T. P., Thermodynamic Simulation of Ammonia-Water Absorption Refrig-eration System, Thermal Science, 12 (2008), 3, pp. 45-53
[2] Rapin, P., Form of the Cold, 13th ed., DUNOD, Paris, 2006[3] Thorin, E., Power Cycles with Ammonia-Water Mixtures as Working Fluid, Ph. D. thesis, Royal Institute
of Technology, Stockholm, 2000[4] Peng, D., Robinson, D., Two and Three Phase Equilibrium Calculations for Coal Gasification and Related
Processes, Thermodynamics of Aqueous Systems with Industrial Applications, ACS Symposium Series,No. 133, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1980
[5] Skogestad, S., Experience in Norsk-Hydro with Cubic Equations of State, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 13(1983), 2, pp.179-188
[6] Renon, H., et al., A Cubic Equation of State Representation of Ammonia-Water Vapor-Liquid Equilib-rium Data, International Journal of Refrigeration, 9 (1986), 2, pp. 70-73
[7] Iseli, M., Experimental and Thermodynamic Study of the Boiling Equilibrium of the System NH3-H2O, atHigh Pressures (in German), Ph. D. thesis, No. 7743, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Swit-zerland, 1985
[8] Stryjek, R., Vera, J. H., An Improved Peng-Robinson Equation of State for Pure Compounds and Mix-tures, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 64 (1986), 2, pp. 323-333
[9] Sturnfield Ballard, E., Matherne, J. L., Modeling of a Complex Polar System with a ModifiedSoave-Redlich-Kwong Equation, Chemical Engineering Communication, 84 (1989), 1, pp. 81-95
[10] Huang, H., A New Mixing Rule for the Patel-Teja Equation of State, Study of Vapor-Liquid Equilibria,Fluid Phase Equilibria, 58 (1990), 1-2, pp. 93-115
[11] Smolen, T. M., et al., Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data for the NH3-H2O System and its Description with aModified Equation of State, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 36 (1991), 2, pp. 202-208
[12] Moshfeghian, M., et al., Prediction of Refrigerant Thermodynamic Properties by Equations of State: Va-por Liquid Equilibrium Behavior of Binary Mixtures, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 80 (1992), pp. 33-44
[13] Peters, R., Keller, J. U., A Model for the Calculation of Association Phase Equilibrium States in the FuelSystem Ammonia-Water (in German), DKV-Tagungsber, 2 (1993), 1, pp. 183-196
[14] Zhao, E., et al., Calculation of Vapor-Liquid Equilibria and Saturated Liquid Volumes for Water-Ammo-nia Mixtures, Chemical Engineering Communication, 129 (1994), 1, pp. 99-108
[15] Vidal, J., Equations of State-Reworking the Old Forms, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 13 (1983), pp. 15-33[16] Gillespie, P. C., et al., Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Measurements on the Ammonia-Water System from 313
K to 589 K, AICHE Symposium Series, 83 (1987), 254, pp. 97-127[17] Thomsen, K., Rasmussen, P., Thermodynamic Model for the Ammonia-Water System, Steam, Water, and
Hydrothermal Systems: Physics and Chemistry Meeting the Needs of Industry, Proceedings, 13th Interna-tional Conference on the Properties of Water and Steam, ISBN 0-660-17778-1, Toronto, Canada, 1999,pp. 118-125
[18] Duan, Z., et al., Equation of State for the NH3-H2O System, Journal of Solution Chemistry, 25 (1996), 1,pp. 43-50
[19] Harms-Watzenberg, F., Measurement and Correlation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Water-Ammo-nia Mixtures (in German), VDI Progress Reports, Series 3: Process Technolgy, No. 380, VDI-Verlag,Dusseldorf, Germany, 1995
[20] Schulz, S. C. G., Equations of State for the System Ammonia-Water for Use with Computers, Proceed-ings, 13th International Congress of Refrigeration, 1973, Vol. 2, pp. 431-436
[21] Enick, R. M., et al., The Modeling of LEBS Kalina Power Cycles, Proceedings, Joint Power GenerationConference, ASME, 1997, Vol. 2, pp. 55-67
[22] Tochigi, K., et al., Prediction of Phase Equilibria for the Systems Containing Ammonia Using PRASOG,Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 13 (1998), 1, pp. 61-67
Kherris, S., et al.: Contribution Study of the Thermodynamics Properties of ...900 THERMAL SCIENCE: Year 2013, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 891-902
m – mixturemg – vapor mixtureml – liquid mixture
Superscripts
E – excessg – vaporL – liquid
[23] Enick, R. M., et al., Modeling the High-Pressure Ammonia-Water System with WATAM and thePeng-Robinson Equation of State for Kalina Cycle Studies, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 37 (1998), 5, pp.1644-1650
[24] Edwards, T. J., et al., Thermodynamics of Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for the Ammonia-Water System, In-dustrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals, 17 (1978), 4, pp. 264-269
[25] Kouremenos, D. A., Rogdakis E. D., The Temperature-Entropy (or Enthalpy) and the Enthalpy-Entropy(Mollier) Diagram of the Kalina Cycle, ASME AES, New York, USA, Vol. 19, 1990, pp. 13-19
[26] Ziegler, B., Trepp, C., Equation of State for Ammonia-Water Mixtures, International Journal of Refriger-ation, 7 (1984), 2, pp. 101-106
[27] Ibrahim, O. M., Klein, S. A, Thermodynamic Properties of Ammonia-Water Mixtures, ASHRAE Trans.Symposia, 21 (1993), 2, pp. 1495-1502
[28] Xu, F., Yogi Goswami, D, Thermodynamic Properties of Ammonia-Water Mixtures for Power-Cycle Ap-plications, Energy, 24 (1999), 6, pp. 525-536
[29] Stecco, S. S., Desideri, U., Thermodynamic Analysis of the Kalina Cycles: Comparisons, Problems, Per-spectives, ASME paper, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 89 (1989), GT, pp. 149
[30] Nag, P. K., Gupta, A. V. S. S. K. S.,Exergy Analysis of the Kalina Cycle, Applied Thermal Engineering,18 (1997), 6, pp. 427-439
[31] El-Sayed, Y. M., Tribus, M., Thermodynamic Properties of Water-Ammonia Mixtures Theoretical Imple-mentation for Use in Power Cycles Analysis, ASME paper AES, Vol. 1, 1985, pp. 89-95
[32] Rukes, B., Dooley, R. B, Guideline on the IAPWS Formulation 2001 for the Thermodynamic Properties ofAmmonia-Water Mixtures, The International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam (IAPWS),2001, Gaithersburg, Md.,USA
[33] Jordan, D. P, Aqua-Ammonia Properties, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 1997, Texas Tech Uni-versity, Lubbock, Tex., USA, pp. 19
[34] Barhoumi, M., et al., Modelling of the Thermodynamic Properties of the Ammonia-Water Mixture, Inter-national Journal of Refrigeration, 27 (2004), 3, pp. 271-283
[35] Mejbri, Kh., Bellagi, A., Modelling of Thermodynamic Properties of the Water-Ammonia Mixture byThree Different Approaches, International Journal of Refrigeration, 29 (2006), 3, pp. 211-218
[36] Amer, H. T., et al., Thermodynamic Properties of Ammonia-Water Mixtures, International Congress ofRefrigeration, 2003, Washington, DC, pp. 0113 -2003
[37] Kalina, A., et al., A Theoretical Approach to the Thermophysical Properties of Two-Miscible-ComponentMixtures For the Purpose of Power-Cycle Analysis, ASME paper, Vol. 86, 1986, WA/HT, pp. 54
[38] Weber, L. A, Estimating the virial Coefficients of the Ammonia-Water Mixture, Fluid Phase Equilibria,162 (1999), 1-2, pp. 31-49
[39] Park, Y. M., A Generalized Equation of State Approach to the Thermodynamic Properties of Ammo-nia-Water Mixtures with Applications, Ph. D. thesis, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., USA,1988
[40] Kegami, Y., et al., Thermophysical Properties of Ammonia/Water by the BWR Equation of State, Pro-ceedings, 13th Japan Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, Tokio, 1992, pp. 213-216
[41] Friend, D. G., et al., Standard Thermophysical Properties of the Ammonia-Water Binary Fluid, Proceed-ings, 12th International Conference on the Properties of Water and Steam, Orlando, Fla., USA, 1994
[42] Nowarski, A., Friend, D. G., Application of the Extended Corresponding State Method to the Calculationof the Ammonia-Water Mixture Thermodynamic Surface, International Journal of Thermophysics, 19(1998), 4, pp. 1133-1142
[44] Rizvi, S. S. H., Measurement and Correlation of Ammonia-Water Equilibrium Data, Ph. D. thesis, Univer-sity of Calgary, Calgary, Alb., Canada, 1985
[45] Rainwater, J. C., Tillner-Roth, R., Critical Region Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Model of Ammonia-Water,Steam, Water, and Hydrothermal Systems: Physics and Chemistry Meeting the Needs of Industry, Pro-ceedings,13th International Conference on the Properties of Water and Steam, ISBN 0-660-17778-1, To-ronto, Canada, 1999, pp. 110-117
[46] Tillner-Roth, R., Friend, D. G., A Helmholtz Free Energy Formulation of the Thermodynamic Propertiesof the Mixture {Water+Ammonia}, Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 27 (1998), 1b, pp.63-69
Kherris, S., et al.: Contribution Study of the Thermodynamics Properties of ...THERMAL SCIENCE: Year 2013, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 891-902 901
[47] Patek, J., Klomfar, J., Simple Functions for Fast Calculations of Selected Thermodynamic Properties ofthe Ammonia-Water System, International Journal of Refrigeration, 18 (1995), 4, pp. 228-234
[48] Jain, P. C., Gable, G. K., Equilibrium Property Data Equations for Aqua-Ammonia Mixtures, ASHRAETransactions, 77 (1971), 1, pp.149-151
[49] ***, Thermodynamic and Physical Properties of NH3-H20, (IIR) International Institute of Refrigeration,Paris, 1994, pp. 88
[50] Sun, D. W., Comparison of the Performance of NH3-H2O, NH3-LiNO3 and NH3-SCN Absorption Refrig-eration Systems, Energy Conversion, 39 (1998), 5/6, pp. 357-368
[51] Ra�njevi}, K., Thermodynamic Tables and Charts, Edition EYROLES, Paris, 1970[52] Hear, L., Gallagher, J. S., Thermodynamic Properties of Ammonia, Journal of Physical Chemistry, 7
(1978), pp. 635-792
Paper submitted: February 6, 2011Paper revised: February 25, 2012Paper accepted: March 11, 2012
Kherris, S., et al.: Contribution Study of the Thermodynamics Properties of ...902 THERMAL SCIENCE: Year 2013, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 891-902