Contributes to every dimension of wellness.Contributes to every dimension of wellness. Defining Psychological HealthDefining Psychological Health –Positively.

• Contributes to every dimension of Contributes to every dimension of wellness.wellness.

• Defining Psychological HealthDefining Psychological Health– Positively (presence of wellness)Positively (presence of wellness)– Negatively ( absence of sickness)Negatively ( absence of sickness)

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• Abraham Maslow’s “Toward a Psychology of Being” Abraham Maslow’s “Toward a Psychology of Being” (1960’s)(1960’s)

• Self-ActualizationSelf-Actualization– Positive definitionPositive definition– Ambitious outlook that encourages us to fulfill our own Ambitious outlook that encourages us to fulfill our own

potential.potential.• Hierarchy of needsHierarchy of needs

– Studied very successful people (Studied very successful people (Self-actualization)Self-actualization)• Abraham Lincoln, Henry David Thoreau, Ludwig van Abraham Lincoln, Henry David Thoreau, Ludwig van

Beethoven, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Albert EinsteinBeethoven, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Albert Einstein– RealismRealism– AcceptanceAcceptance

• Self-conceptSelf-concept• Self-esteemSelf-esteem

– AutonomyAutonomy• Inner-directedInner-directed• Other-directedOther-directed

– AuthenticityAuthenticity– IntimacyIntimacy– CreativityCreativity

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• Not the same as psychological Not the same as psychological normality.normality.

• Mentally normal simply means being Mentally normal simply means being close to averageclose to average

• Psychological diversityPsychological diversity– Range of ideas, lifestyles and attitudesRange of ideas, lifestyles and attitudes

• ““Mentally ill” versus “Mentally healthy”Mentally ill” versus “Mentally healthy”

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• Growing Up PsychologicallyGrowing Up Psychologically– Developing Adult identityDeveloping Adult identity– Developing IntimacyDeveloping Intimacy– Developing Values and PurposeDeveloping Values and Purpose

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• Developing a Positive Self-ConceptDeveloping a Positive Self-Concept– Begins in childhoodBegins in childhood– IntegrationIntegration– StabilityStability

• Meeting Challenges to Self-EsteemMeeting Challenges to Self-Esteem– Challenge is your self-conceptChallenge is your self-concept

• Acknowledge that something has gone wrongAcknowledge that something has gone wrong– Notice your patterns of thinkingNotice your patterns of thinking– Develop realistic self-talkDevelop realistic self-talk

• Being less defensiveBeing less defensive• Being optimisticBeing optimistic

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• Maintaining honest communicationMaintaining honest communication– Assertiveness trainingAssertiveness training

• Dealing with lonelinessDealing with loneliness• Dealing with angerDealing with anger• Managing your own angerManaging your own anger• Dealing with anger in other peopleDealing with anger in other people

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Dealing with AngerDealing with Anger

• Overtly hostile people are at risk for heart Overtly hostile people are at risk for heart diseasedisease

• Results in damaged personal and/or Results in damaged personal and/or professional relationshipsprofessional relationships

• Can result in feelings or guilt or loss of controlCan result in feelings or guilt or loss of control• Attempt to “reframe” your thoughts at that Attempt to “reframe” your thoughts at that

particular moment before reactingparticular moment before reacting• Learn how to disengage someone else’s anger Learn how to disengage someone else’s anger

towards you by using rational problem solving towards you by using rational problem solving approachesapproaches

BLOWING OFF ANGER THE BLOWING OFF ANGER THE HEALTHY WAYHEALTHY WAY

• RECOGNIZE THE ANGER FOR WHAT IT ISRECOGNIZE THE ANGER FOR WHAT IT IS

• FIGURE OUT WHAT MADE YOU SO ANGRY- IS IT REALLY FIGURE OUT WHAT MADE YOU SO ANGRY- IS IT REALLY WORTH BEING UPSETWORTH BEING UPSET

• CALM DOWN BEFORE YOU ACTCALM DOWN BEFORE YOU ACT

• EXPLAIN WHY YOU ARE ANGRY AND HOW YOU FEEL BEFORE EXPLAIN WHY YOU ARE ANGRY AND HOW YOU FEEL BEFORE ACTING OUTACTING OUT

• BE GENEROUS WITH THE OTHER PERSON – YOU DO NOT BE GENEROUS WITH THE OTHER PERSON – YOU DO NOT KNOW WHAT JUST HAPPEND TO THEMKNOW WHAT JUST HAPPEND TO THEM

• LEARN TO FORGIVE THE OTHER PERSONLEARN TO FORGIVE THE OTHER PERSON

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• Anxiety DisordersAnxiety Disorders– Simple phobia or Specific phobiaSimple phobia or Specific phobia

• Fear of something definiteFear of something definite• Most common and most understandableMost common and most understandable

– Social phobiaSocial phobia• 15 million Americans15 million Americans• Fear of humiliation or embarrassment while Fear of humiliation or embarrassment while

being observed by othersbeing observed by others– Panic disordersPanic disorders

• Sudden unexpected surges in anxietySudden unexpected surges in anxiety– Rapid and strong heart beatRapid and strong heart beat– Shortness of breathShortness of breath– Loss of physical equilibriumLoss of physical equilibrium– Feeling of losing mental controlFeeling of losing mental control

• AgoraphobiaAgoraphobia14

• Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)– Reaction to future threats is to worry Reaction to future threats is to worry – Worries have taken overWorries have taken over

• Obsessive-Compulsive disorder (OCD)Obsessive-Compulsive disorder (OCD)– Obsessions – recurrent, unwanted thoughtsObsessions – recurrent, unwanted thoughts– Compulsions – repetitive, difficult-to-resist Compulsions – repetitive, difficult-to-resist

actionsactions• Post-Traumatic Stress disorder (PTSD)Post-Traumatic Stress disorder (PTSD)

– Reaction to a severely traumatic eventReaction to a severely traumatic event• Treatment for anxiety disordersTreatment for anxiety disorders

– MedicationMedication– Psychological interventionsPsychological interventions

• Cognitive-behavioralCognitive-behavioral

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• DepressionDepression– DemoralizationDemoralization

• Feeling of sadness and hopelessnessFeeling of sadness and hopelessness• Loss of pleasureLoss of pleasure• Poor appetitePoor appetite• InsomniaInsomnia• RestlessnessRestlessness• Thoughts of worthlessnessThoughts of worthlessness• Trouble concentratingTrouble concentrating• Thoughts of death or suicideThoughts of death or suicide

– Dysthymic disorderDysthymic disorder• Symptoms for longer than 2 yearsSymptoms for longer than 2 years

– Suicide Suicide • Warning signsWarning signs• Men have a higher incidence than womenMen have a higher incidence than women• TreatmentTreatment

– Electroconvulsive therapyElectroconvulsive therapy– Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)

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• Expressing the Expressing the ‘wish’ to be dead‘wish’ to be dead

• Increasing social Increasing social withdrawal/isolationwithdrawal/isolation

• Sudden inexplicable Sudden inexplicable lightening of moodlightening of mood

• Previous history of Previous history of attemptsattempts

• Suicide by a family Suicide by a family member or friendmember or friend

• Readily available Readily available means of committing means of committing suicidesuicide

• History of substance History of substance abuse or eating abuse or eating disordersdisorders

• Serious medical Serious medical problemsproblems

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• Mania and Bipolar DisorderMania and Bipolar Disorder– Gender differencesGender differences

• Equal numbers of men and women suffer, women are Equal numbers of men and women suffer, women are nearly twice as likely as men to be clinically depressednearly twice as likely as men to be clinically depressed

• SchizophreniaSchizophrenia– Uncertain about what causes itUncertain about what causes it– General characteristics General characteristics

• Disorganized thoughtsDisorganized thoughts• Inappropriate emotionsInappropriate emotions• DelusionsDelusions• Auditory hallucinationsAuditory hallucinations• Deteriorating social and work functionDeteriorating social and work function

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• Four Different perspectivesFour Different perspectives1.1. Biological Biological

pharmacological therapypharmacological therapy1.1. AntidepressantsAntidepressants2.2. Mood stabilizersMood stabilizers3.3. AntipsychoticsAntipsychotics4.4. Anxiolytics and hypnotics (sleeping pills)Anxiolytics and hypnotics (sleeping pills)5.5. Stimulants (Ritilin, ADHA)Stimulants (Ritilin, ADHA)6.6. Anti-dementiaAnti-dementia

2.2. Behavioral Behavioral Stimulus, response, and reinforcementStimulus, response, and reinforcement Practice exposurePractice exposure

3.3. Cognitive Cognitive Ideas, attitudes, behaviors and feelingsIdeas, attitudes, behaviors and feelings

4.4. Psychodynamic Psychodynamic ThoughtsThoughts

• Evaluation of the modelsEvaluation of the models• Combining different therapiesCombining different therapies

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• Self HelpSelf Help– BooksBooks– Writing a journalWriting a journal– Religious activitiesReligious activities– Social groupsSocial groups

• Peer counseling and support groupsPeer counseling and support groups• Professional Professional

– Determine the need Determine the need – Choosing a mental health professionalChoosing a mental health professional

• PsychiatristsPsychiatrists• Clinical psychologistsClinical psychologists• Social workersSocial workers• Licensed CounselorsLicensed Counselors• ClergyClergy• Treatment TeamTreatment Team

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SAYINGSSAYINGS

TO HANDLE YOURSELF, USE YOU HEAD; TO HANDLE OTHERS, USE YOUR HEART

ANGER IS ONLY ONE LETTER SHORT OF DANGER

GREAT MINDS DISCUSS IDEAS; AVERAGE MINDS DISCUSS EVENTS; SMALL MINDS DISCUSS PEOPLE

HE WHO LOSES MONEY, LOSES MUCH; HE WHO LOSES A FRIEND, LOSES MORE; HE WHO LOSES FAITH, LOSES ALL.

BEAUTIFUL YOUNG PEOPLE ARE ACCIDENTS OF NATURE, BUT BEAUTIFUL OLD PEOPLE ARE WORKS OF ART

LEARN FROM THE MISTAKES OF OTHERS. YOU CAN’T LIVE LONG ENOUGH TO MAKE THEM ALL YOURSELF

THE TONGUE WEIGHS PRACTICALLY NOTHING, BUT SO FEW PEOPLE CAN HOLD IT.