Contrasting the National Electric Code (NEC) and Cybersecurity ITEA System of Systems - Reducing Risk Thursday January 28th, 2016 [email protected]TRMC – Cybersecurity Support Staff 904-625-2260 Pending Distribution A Release Authorization Pending Distribution A Release Authorization
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Contrasting the National Electric Code (NEC) and … · Installation of an Off-Grid ... CNSS Glossary •FIPS 199 ... (MA PAO), flag officer • DoD Information Security Risk Management
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• Incandescent light bulb was invented by Joseph Swan and first demonstrated
to the public on December 18th, 1878 in England
• Competed with natural gas and kerosene for lighting
• By 1881, one US insurer had reported electrical fires at 23 of 65 insured textile
mills in New England
• “We were without standards and inspectors, while manufacturers were without
experience and knowledge of real installation needs. The workmen frequently created
the standards as they worked, and rarely did the two men think and work alike.”
• Standardization for a national code of rules for electrical construction and operation
for the practical safeguarding of persons and property from the hazards arising from
the use of electricity was needed
• By 1895, five electrical codes were being applied in the US, causing considerable
controversy and confusions
Each of the following had their own unique set of controls:
• DIACAP
• DCID 6/3
• NISPOM
• NISCAP
• NIST SP 800-37
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Evolution of the NEC
• First harmonization of electrical code was called the German Code
• Code of the British Board of Trade and the Phoenix Rules of England
reviewed by 1200 people during 1897 from the US and Europe.
• National Electric Code (NEC) resulted from a meeting of 23 people at
the ASME headquarters during March 18-19, 1896
• Is a living code that is currently updated every 3 years using an open
consensus process
• Not intended as a design specification or an instruction manual
• Does not cover ships, watercraft other than floating buildings, aircraft,
automotive vehicles other than mobile homes and RVs
Install a 6 KW Photovoltaic System on a house roof that if it fails and causes a fire that I can collect homeowners insurance, a NEC-compliant installation
• Create a plan, apply standardized architecture, develop a specific design implementation, integrate and install
Is an Industrial Control System (ICS)
4
Consumer Use Case
Industry Catalog Technical Content
PV Architectures• Off-Grid
• Grid-Tie
• Utility Grid-Tie
• AC-Coupled
Off-Grid PV Architecture
Industry
Branded
Parts Catalog
5
References Material
Analogous to CNSSI 1253,
NIST SP 800-53, Overlays,
STIGs and SRG bundled
into one manual,
~1500 pages
Industry Catalog of
components and
guidance,
~250 pages
NIST SP 800-53
Rev4 Appendix F
6
7
Contrast National Electric Code
to Cybersecurity Regulations
• NEC Content, Arrangement of Articles
• Chapter 1 – General
• Chapter 2 – Wiring Protection
• Chapter 3 – Wiring Methods and Materials
• Chapter 4 – Equipment for General Use
• Chapter 5 – Special Occupancies
• Chapter 6 – Special Equipment
• Chapter 7 – Special Conditions
• Chapter 8 – Communications Systems - Not subject to Chapters 1-7
• Chapter 9 Tables - Applicable as referenced
• Informative Annex A through I - Informative not mandatory
Applies generally
to all electrical
Installations( Analogue to CNSSI 1253 and NIST
SP 800-53 Baselines )
Supplements or
Modifies
Chapters 1 thru 4( Analogue to Overlays and NIST SP 800-60 )
except where specifically noted
ARTICLE 690 “Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems”
Installation of an Off-Grid
Photovoltaic System at a House
City Home / Fire Home / Prevention / Fire Marshal’s Officehttp://www.mariettaga.gov/city/fire/prevention/firemarshal
• Inspection of buildings
• Life Safety
• Handicap accessibility
• Fire sprinkler systems
• Fire alarm systems
• Investigation of fires
• Enforcement of state laws and local ordinances pertaining to fire prevention
• Plan Review
City Hall / Building Construction / Permits and Inspections https://www.mariettaga.gov/city/cityhall/inspections
• Building <- Building Inspector (residential)
• Plumbing
• Gray Water
• HVAC
• Electrical <- Electrical Inspector
Safety Programs, contrast to Cybersecurity Programs
Inspector, contrast to SCA/R (Interview, Document, Observe, Test)
Fire Marshall or Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ),
contrast to CIO/SISO/AO
• Enforcement
• Plan Review
• Forensics
AHJ – organization, office, or individual
responsible for approving equipment, materials,
an installation, or a procedure (NFPA)
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Array #4
200 Watt
Panels
Array #3
200 Watt
Panels
Array #1
185 Watt
Panels
Array #2
185 Watt
Panels
Finished Backyard Arrays
9
Array Combiner Box
Located at Top
Center Point of
Each Array
On the Roof
8 String
Combiner Box
that contains
four Fuses for
the four Circuits(690.9)
10
Array Lightning Arrester
and GFPI
One of
these
for each
array in
the atticGFP Circuit
Breakers(690.5 A thru C for
grounded DC
PV arrays.)
Lightning
Arresters(280, NFPA 780-2011)
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Power Control Panel Components
Flooded Lead Acid
Battery Hydrogen
Exhaust Fan(480.9A)
Battery Box(480.8, 480.9, 110.27)
Zener Diode for
DC Fan Motor(increases reliability
of electronic actuator)
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Finished Power Control Panel
Morningstar
MPPT
Charge
Controller
Ethernet Switch
Proprietary
Outback
Hub
Proprietary
Morningstar
Hub
Outback LED State of Charge Indicator
Is an Industrial Control System (ICS)
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Upstairs Closet Meters
Meter for 4
Charge Controllers
Meter for Inverter
and Batteries
14
15
NEC – Electrical Component
Testing Labs and Standards
• Nationally Recognized Testing Labs (NRTL) by authorized by US Department
of Labor (DoL) Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) to certify
product compliance with safety standards (https://www.osha.gov/dts/otpca/nrtl/ &