CONTINGENCY PLANS FOR THE CONTROL AND ERADICATION … · CONTINGENCY PLANS FOR THE CONTROL AND ERADICATION OF DISEASES IN AQUACULTURE Niels Jørgen Olesen, Helle Frank Skall, Stig
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CONTINGENCY PLANS FOR THE CONTROL AND ERADICATION OF DISEASES IN AQUACULTURE
Niels Jørgen Olesen, Helle Frank Skall, Stig Mellergaard,
International Biosecurity Conference. Trondheim, Norway – August 17-18, 2009.
Contingency planning in aquaculture
introduction
“Contingency plans are required to help governments, aquaculture businesses or individuals to recover from serious disease outbreaks or other incidens in the minimum time with minimum cost and disruption”
International Biosecurity Conference. Trondheim, Norway – August 17-18, 2009.
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Guidelines for contingency planning 1: Criteria and requirements
• Legal powers • Emergency funds, budgetary means and
financial resources • Central decision-making unit • Local disease control centres;• Adequate resources;• Adequate laboratory facilities and skills • Operations manual
International Biosecurity Conference. Trondheim, Norway – August 17-18, 2009.
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Scenario 2:Contingency planning as part of surveillance programmes of serious listed diseases in non-approved free farms and/or zones.or “when the disease is there”
International Biosecurity Conference. Trondheim, Norway – August 17-18, 2009.
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Distribution of the fish farms fallowed for 2 years – brackish water farms (red dots) – and for 6 weeks – high risk freshwater farms (green dots). Dotted area demarcates the eradication area.
International Biosecurity Conference. Trondheim, Norway – August 17-18, 2009.
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If new VHS outbreak occur in Dk in the following 5 years. Immediate stamping-out and fallowing will be carried out with compensation for removed fish and disinfection..
VHS became listed as serious listed disease in Dk in line with FMD, AI and CSF
International Biosecurity Conference. Trondheim, Norway – August 17-18, 2009.
25Scen. 3: Suspicion/confirmation of listed pathogens in wild fish stocks and in farmed progeny from wild caught fish
1. First isolation of VHS in USA in salmonids in 1988 and later in herring and cod. No/low mortality in salmonid fish and gadoids but mass mortalities in Pacific herring. VHSV Iva
VHS in the Great Lakes in USA and Canada with mass mortalities in several species. VHSV IVb
Photo courtesy of Andy Noyes, NYSDEC
Photo courtesy of Garth Traxler, Pacific Biological Station
International Biosecurity Conference. Trondheim, Norway – August 17-18, 2009.
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Laboratory diagnostics 2:
• Constant awareness of laboratory skills through1. Quality assurance2. Networking with other laboratories3. Regular proficiency testing 4. Training 5. Communication and collaboration with industry,
inspectors, consultants and other stakeholders and laboratory personnel
International Biosecurity Conference. Trondheim, Norway – August 17-18, 2009.
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Contingency plan priorities:1. Develop generic plans: For diseases in wild fish, for new
emerging diseases, for exotic diseases2. For Atlantic salmon farming:• Specific Plans for ISA and IHN outbreaks.• If HPR0 low path ISA in Atl. Salm. Then:• Plans for if VHSV in A.salm then:3. For rainbow trout farming• Plans for VHS and IHN outbreaks• If low pathogenic marine strain in farmed RT then:• If ISA in R.T. then:4. Specific plans for known listed diseases as PD, BKD, IPN
International Biosecurity Conference. Trondheim, Norway – August 17-18, 2009.
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Conclusion• History have shown that preparedness and contingency
planning is very important for the outcome of disease outbreaks and spreading in aquaculture, and that legislation is an important sustaining for the process.
• Most important in planning is an efficient infrastructure and that the pre requirements and legal power are in place. “The vet and the lab is there and is proficient”.
• Specific operational manual are very useful for well known specific diseases where most features can be predicted, e.g. ISA, IHN.
• But rapid response, flexibility, and proficient and qualified actions are the most important elements.
• Generic plans according to various scenarios with focus on this might therefore be the way forward.