Content Importance of fish to human Importance of fish to human Importance of fish to human Importance of fish to human Cause of over-fishing and its.

ContentContent

• Importance of fish to humanImportance of fish to human

• Cause of over-fishing Cause of over-fishing andand its impacts on the environmentits impacts on the environment

• The ways to ensure sustainability of fThe ways to ensure sustainability of fisheries in Hong Kongisheries in Hong Kong

Importance of fish to human – Importance of fish to human – For Commercial purposeFor Commercial purpose

• As food supplyAs food supply　　．． To compensate essential nutrientsTo compensate essential nutrients absent in absent in 　　　　 rice (rice (proteinprotein, , oiloil, , VitaminsVitamins and and mineralsminerals ) ) 　　．． Less cholesterol than the other foodLess cholesterol than the other food• Marine fishingMarine fishing　　．． To support the living of about 200 millionTo support the living of about 200 million 　　　　 employees in related industries globallyemployees in related industries globally

Importance of fish to human Importance of fish to human – –

For Recreational purposeFor Recreational purpose• Fishing as an outdoor activityFishing as an outdoor activity

• For appreciation and relaxationFor appreciation and relaxation

Fish Protein ~Fish Protein ~

• Fish protein is necessary for physical Fish protein is necessary for physical growth and maintenance (amino growth and maintenance (amino acids)acids)

• Fish protein is highly digestible and Fish protein is highly digestible and has favorable taste has favorable taste

Fish Oil ~Fish Oil ~

• Polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish oil caPolyunsaturated fatty acids in fish oil can decrease blood triglyceride and cholesn decrease blood triglyceride and cholesterol terol

• Fish helps maintain a healthy heart and lFish helps maintain a healthy heart and lowers the risk of stroke and heart attackowers the risk of stroke and heart attack

Fish Vitamins ~Fish Vitamins ~

• Vitamin A is present in fish as retinol, whVitamin A is present in fish as retinol, which is readily absorbed and utilized by hich is readily absorbed and utilized by humans umans

• VVitamin D is present initamin D is present in seafood seafood

Fish Minerals ~Fish Minerals ~

• Fish iron is necessary for hemoglobin Fish iron is necessary for hemoglobin formation in the blood formation in the blood

• Calcium and phosphorus are Calcium and phosphorus are essential for bone formationessential for bone formation

• Iodine avoid causing goiter and Iodine avoid causing goiter and cretinism and retarding growth cretinism and retarding growth

Cause of over-fishingCause of over-fishing

• Demand of fish increase as population Demand of fish increase as population growth of people growth of people

• The massive overcapacity of fishing The massive overcapacity of fishing fleets which leads to great pressure fleets which leads to great pressure from fisheries on the dwindling fish from fisheries on the dwindling fish stocks stocks

• New technologies and fishing methodsNew technologies and fishing methods• Economic developmentEconomic development

The number of marine fish catch in The number of marine fish catch in different yeardifferent year

Impacts on the Impacts on the environmentenvironment• TThreat to ocean healthhreat to ocean health are exacerbated are exacerbated • FFishing down the food webishing down the food web ( the system ( the system

atic removal of the largest top-level predatic removal of the largest top-level predators ) ators )

• Cause Cause serial depletionserial depletion

• AAlter the composition of entire lter the composition of entire ecological communitiesecological communities

• AAlter the relationships of prey to lter the relationships of prey to predators and thereby pose risks to predators and thereby pose risks to entire ecosystemsentire ecosystems

• Global warmingGlobal warming• Changes in ocean currentsChanges in ocean currents

The ways to ensure The ways to ensure sustainability of fisheries in sustainability of fisheries in

Hong KongHong Kong• Aquaculture DevelopmentAquaculture Development

• Fisheries Management & Fisheries Management & DevelopmentDevelopment

• Fisheries LegislationFisheries Legislation

• OthersOthers

Aquaculture Development Aquaculture Development ––

by Agriculture, Fisheries and by Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation DepartmentConservation Department

• To identify suitable new species with gooTo identify suitable new species with good market potential for extension to farmed market potential for extension to farmers rs ((Jade Perch, Jade Perch, TincaTinca sp. and Chinese Long Snout Catfish sp. and Chinese Long Snout Catfish))

• To develop feed formulations to replace tTo develop feed formulations to replace trash fish, traditional feed for aquaculturerash fish, traditional feed for aquaculture

• To provide assistance on fish culture techTo provide assistance on fish culture techniques and related management probleniques and related management problems encounteredms encountered

New Species of FishNew Species of Fish

← ← Jade PerchJade Perch

←← Tinca sp.Tinca sp.

↑↑Chinese Long Snout CatfishChinese Long Snout Catfish

• To provide assistance in disease diagnosTo provide assistance in disease diagnosis and advice on appropriate treatment is and advice on appropriate treatment measures measures

• To provide initiativesTo provide initiatives• To conduct regular water quality monitoTo conduct regular water quality monito

ring at fish culture zonesring at fish culture zones• To implement an enhanced phytoplanktTo implement an enhanced phytoplankt

on monitoring programmeon monitoring programme

Fisheries Management & Fisheries Management & Development -Development - by Agriculture, by Agriculture,

Fisheries and Conservation Fisheries and Conservation DepartmentDepartment

• The proposed fisheries management The proposed fisheries management measures include a territorial-wide measures include a territorial-wide fishing license systemfishing license system

• Artificial reefs are able to encourage Artificial reefs are able to encourage growth and development of a great growth and development of a great number and variety of marine number and variety of marine organismsorganisms

• To commissioned a consultancy To commissioned a consultancy study to examine the technical and study to examine the technical and financial feasibility of developing an financial feasibility of developing an offshore fishing for Hong Kongoffshore fishing for Hong Kong

• To launch the Hong Kong Fish Net To launch the Hong Kong Fish Net (www.hk-fish.net) to help raising the (www.hk-fish.net) to help raising the public awareness on the need and public awareness on the need and importance of fisheries resources importance of fisheries resources conservation in Hong Kong conservation in Hong Kong

www.hk-fish.netwww.hk-fish.net

Fisheries Legislation -Fisheries Legislation - by by Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation

DepartmentDepartment

• The Fisheries Protection Ordinance (Cap The Fisheries Protection Ordinance (Cap 171) :171) :

　　．． destructive fishing practices (electricity,destructive fishing practices (electricity,　　　　 explosive, toxic substances, dredgingexplosive, toxic substances, dredging and and 　　　　 suction devices) are bannedsuction devices) are banned Electricity:Electricity:．． destroy nearby small fish and planktonsdestroy nearby small fish and planktons

Explosive substances:Explosive substances:．． destroy nearby small fish and even planktonsdestroy nearby small fish and even planktons．． destroy the related food chains and cycles of destroy the related food chains and cycles of

the marine ecosystemthe marine ecosystem Toxic substances:Toxic substances:．． poison the neurosystem of the target fishpoison the neurosystem of the target fish ．． would kill nearby small fish and other marine would kill nearby small fish and other marine 　　 lives such as corals lives such as corals Dredging and suction devices:Dredging and suction devices:．． affect the seabed affect the seabed ．． damage to the fisheries resourcesdamage to the fisheries resources

• The Marine Fish Culture Ordinance (CaThe Marine Fish Culture Ordinance (Cap. 353) :p. 353) :

　　．． require all marine fish culture activity require all marine fish culture activity 　　　　 to operate under licence in designateto operate under licence in designate

d d 　　　　 fish culture zones fish culture zones

OthersOthers

• Closed-fishing (April to August)Closed-fishing (April to August)• Control marine water qualityControl marine water quality　　．． Indicate the state of health of marine watersIndicate the state of health of marine waters　　．． Assess compliance with the statutory Water Assess compliance with the statutory Water 　　　　 Quality Objectives (WQOs)Quality Objectives (WQOs)　　．． Reveal long-term changes in water qualityReveal long-term changes in water quality　　．． Provide a basis for the planning of pollution Provide a basis for the planning of pollution 　　　　 control strategiescontrol strategies

Levels of compliance with key water quality objeLevels of compliance with key water quality objectives (WQOs) in Hong Kong Watersctives (WQOs) in Hong Kong Waters

it is equipped with a satellite-it is equipped with a satellite-aided global positioning systaided global positioning system for accurate location of sem for accurate location of sampling stations at seaampling stations at sea