Construction sector / ICT / Linked Data Key pillars for data integration in smart buildings and cities 10/12/2015 – Bruno Fiès – CSTB / Information Technologies Department
Construction sector / ICT / Linked Data
Key pillars for data integration in smart buildings and cities
10/12/2015 – Bruno Fiès – CSTB / Information Technologies Department
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The Scientific & Technical Center for Building
The CSTB missions: gather, develop and share with construction professionals the scientific and technical knowledge crucial for improving the quality and safety of buildings and their environment. Its professional support role is a priority, and the work it does is organized in such a way as to be accessible to all construction industry stakeholders and partners.
4 key activities - Research: Recognized scientific excellence at the national and
European level. Presence in European and international scientific networks.
- Expertise: Scientific and technical expertise in the field of innovation and prospective.
- Assessment: a stakeholder trusted by business and public authorities. - Dissemination: Supporting the professionals through dissemination of
knowledge and training.
Research Expertise
Dissemination
Assessment
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The Construction Sector in (few) figures…
… accounts for an estimated 40% of resource consumption. New buildings are representing 1% of the existing stock; A Positive energy building is yet a reality today; Smartbuildings are: • Consumers & Producers of Energy and Data; • Active component of a SmartCity;
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The Construction Sector and ICT…
STRONG Impact of the ICT identified through various studies ! • ICT HAS A PERVASIVE ROLE TO PLAY AT SEVERAL STAGES OF THE CONSTRUCTION
PROCESS ( SOURCE: “THE ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS MULTIANNUAL ROADMAP FOR THE CONTRACTUAL PPP UNDER H2020”)
• DESIGN STAGE • Building scale which settles more than 80% of the building energy performance. • City Design scale: City planners need adhoc decision tools with a holistic approach
taking into account these energy-efficient and sustainable buildings and districts.
• EXPLOITATION/OPERATION PHASE • The energy equipment must adapt to the new smart grids (Renewable energy use, Local
storage scenarios, Demand- Response, Load shifting, etc…) • Performance monitoring and continuous optimisation (based on information from building
embedded sensors AND information coming from other fields such as transportation)
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Smart districts & cities: key ICT challenges
Need for: • Having an integrated modelling of the district / city (incl. all buildings &
infrastructures); • Acquiring, analysing, managing (huge sets of) data / information – both
static & dynamic. Requires: • Collecting / structuring / sharing the information (data); • Delivering interoperability between the various services and systems; • Providing with the ability to deal with:
– Big Data & Connected objects; – Data access (along with data storage systems).
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SmartBuilding as a SmartAppliance…
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From Energy using or producing Products To have an abstract representation of an Energy related component at various scales
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The notion of Energy Node (E-Node)
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City
District
Neighbourhood Building
School Office Hospital Greenhouseetc.
Weather
Room
Energy Area
Urban Area
BuildingSection
Conditional Area
Building Complex
Installation
Geographic
Conditional
Energy
Environment
Legend
Building
(IFC:Zone)BuildingSection
(IFC:Space)Room
Sensor
Actuator
Installation Part
E-Prosumer
E-End Node
Installation
Weather
Installation
Geographic
Conditional
Energy
Environment
Legend
Appliance
Occupation
Building Facility Manager
Local ClimateCondition
- Expected Trend- Actual State- Realized Trend
Conditional Area
Building Operator
Dev ice
0..*
measures
affects affects
controls
E-Network E-Node
- ID- Location
E-Connection
- Flow- Capacity
An E-connection is created at the moment two E-nodes get connected.
Network Owner
+facil itator
2..*
1..*
1
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Odysseus key concept: dEPC
dynamic Energy Profile Card A generic information model dedicated to represent/express both static and dynamic information from any E-Node.
Dynamic Data (Measurements)
Static Data
Room
- ID- Type: :funct. type- Net floor area :m2- Max. occupation :count
E-EndNode
- ID
Separation
- ID- Type :Inside, Outside- Surface :m2- Orientation :?- Temperature isolation :W/m2/K- Humidity Isolation :?
Energy Consumption
- Time :timestamp- Type :Electrical, Thermal- Consumption :W
Location
- Longitude- Latitude
climate
- Time :timestamp- Temperature :°C- Limunance :lumen- Air change rate :changes/hour- Humidity :%RH
Weather
- Time :timestamp- Temperature :°C- Luminance :lumen- Radiation :W/m2- Windspeed :m/sec- Winddirection :°- Rain :Yes, No
Window
- ID- Surface :m2- Light transmission :?- Temperature isolation :W/m2/K
Shading dev ice
- ID- Light transmission :?- Isolation :W/m2/K
Shading Dev ice Status
- Time :timestamp- Position :%
Occupation
- Time :timestamp- Value :%MAX
Window Status
- Time :timestamp- Position :Open, Closed
0..10..*
1..*
1
1..*
**
*
***
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Need for interoperability…
… In order to establish connexions of the SmartBuilding with other Networks
(Electricity / Heat / Water / Waste /Etc…)
In Design Phase : The Construction ICT standard to support concurrent engineering
around a digital mockup (BIM) needs to be linked to other sectorial standards,
In Exploitation Phase: The need is to couple Automation /
management systems to measures, actuators, external sources and simulation/ prediction tools
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READY4SmartCities
CSA Project - ICT Roadmap and Data Interoperability for Energy Systems in Smart Cities
(DG CONNECT - Grant Agreement No.: 608711)
• Data Interoperability: identify energy-related vocabularies and ontologies towards dynamic and interoperable Energy Management Systems;
• ICT Roadmap: identify needs of ICTs towards holistic planning, design, construction and operation of energy systems for Smart Cities.
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Outcomes: Vision & Roadmap
Four main categories: • The Citizens as prosumers. • The Building sector with energy positive buildings acting as connected
objects • The Energy sector closely interconnected with the building sector at its city
scale systems and actively working in optimisation of the use of energy. • The Municipality / city-SCale able to combine the building Dimension
together with other dimensions (waste, public transportation, Health, silver economy, etc. )
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Results: Ontologies & Linked Data
Support the interoperability and exploitation of data by adopting Semantic Web standards and technologies,
• Identification of relevant energy-related ontologies & corresponding datasets => #70 Ontologies / 16 datasets identified
• Production of a set of guidelines to generate, publish and exploit Linked Data. => Available online • Support energy data interchange among the SmartCity communities => Alignments available
Linked Open Data Cloud
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Ontology Matching…
• Ontology Matching: Comparison of different ontologies in order to find similarities or relationships between the concepts.
Matching SAREF and IFC (the Construction standard)… • SAREF: Smart Appliance REFerence Ontology • IFC: “IfcOwl” = Translation in Web Semantic standard of the standard
representation used in Construction for Digital Mockup (BIM) • First version of an Alignment produced during READY4SmartCities (>70
concepts)
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Conclusion
Information systems • Systemic approach: system-of-systems, Holonic systems,… • Models & frameworks: BIM (and CIM!), CityGML, IoT,… • Information: massive data storage and manipulation, Open data,… • Algorithms: sensitivity, global optimisation methods, multi-criteria simulations… Need for integration & experimentation • Experimentation of innovative tools & systems across domains– in the context of the
enhancement of activities, missions and services provided by the cities • Live large-scale experimentations – with front runners cities / urban areas as potential
(“in-vivo”) living labs
Key game changing actions / radical innovation • Data models interoperability (integration) and aggregation (levels of districts,
communities, cities, regions, region clusters, etc.) • Data models transformation for visualisation with a citizen value
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More information & References
The European Construction Technology Platform (ECTP - http://www.ectp.org/)
The READY4SmartCities project (http://www.ready4smartcities.eu/) ECTP - Energy Efficient Buildings Committee https://www.linkedin.com/groups/3744557
The ODYSSEUS project (http://www.odysseus-project.eu/) BuildingSmart International (BIM & IFC) (http://www.buildingsmart-tech.org/)
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Thank you for your attention!
Mr Bruno FIES Research Engineer . Tel. +33 4 93 95 67 56 Email [email protected]
CSTB - Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment Information Technologies Department 290 Route des Lucioles - BP209 06904 Sophia Antipolis, France www.cstb.fr