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Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University tors: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson D’Alois imousin (Toulouse), Johann Richard (DARK), Carlo Schimd (OAMP
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Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

Jan 16, 2016

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Page 1: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing

Priyamvada NatarajanYale University

Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson D’Aloiso*(Yale), Marceau Limousin (Toulouse), Johann Richard (DARK), Carlo Schimd (OAMP)

Page 2: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

HST’s high resolution•Post COSTAR, Hubble has provided a unique view of multiply imaged galaxies: better identification, fainter images, morphologies

1996

HST

Cl2244

1986

CFHT

Page 3: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

Einstein radii at multiple source redshiftsRatio of the position of multiple images,depends

on mass distribution and cosmological parameters

Ratio of the position of multiple images,depends on mass

distribution and cosmological parameters

Allows constraining dark energy out to zsource!

Page 4: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

How does this work?

ISOTHERMAL SPHERE LENS lens at z = zL; sources at zS1 & zS2

• EXTENDING TO MORE COMPLICATED MASS PROFILES AND MORE MULTIPLY IMAGED SOURCES…………

RE1 =4πσ 2

c 2DLS1DOS1

RE2 =4πσ 2

c 2DLS2DOS2

RE1RE2

= [DLS1DOS1

][DOS2DLS2

]

Dij ≡ f (zi,z j ,ΩM ,Ωx,wx )

Obtained from data Solve for cosmological parameters

Page 5: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Broadhurst+ 05, Benitez+ 06; Halkola+ 06; Limousin, PN+ 07; Jullo+ 2010 (Science)

34 multiply imaged systems, 24 with measured redshifts

Cluster arcs and dark energy: Abell 1689

Page 6: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

Strong lensingmultiple image geometries for an elliptical lens

Source plane caustics

Image planecritical curves

Page 7: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

Multiple image families and sensitivity to dark energy

notation denotes the position of the ith image of family f

For multiple images of the same source

Taking the ratio of 2 distinct families of multiple images

Gilmore & PN 08; D’Aloisio & PN 10

Dependence on themass distribution

Page 8: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

Mass profile of Abell 1689

Page 9: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

First results for A1689

Limousin+ 07

Page 10: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

Degeneracies….

Page 11: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

First results for A1689

D’Aloisio & PN 09; Jullo & Kneib 09: Jullo+ 10 (Science, August 2010, 329, 924)

Mass model with 3 PIEMD potentials; 58 cluster galaxiesBayesian optimization: 32 constraints, 21 free parameters;RMS = 0.6 arcsec; 28 multiple images from 12 sources with spec z, flat Universe prior

0.1≤ ΩM ≤ 0.58;−1.57 ≤ wX ≤ −0.85

Page 12: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

Requirements for cluster strong lensing• Need complement of ground based spectroscopy• Mass modeling positional accuracy • Need spectroscopic redshifts for all sources (no photo-z’s)• Structure along the line of sight behind the lens plane (environments of

lenses needs to be modeled Momcheva et al. 06, Oguri, Keeton& Dalal 05)

structure behind 0024

perturbations in the positions of multiple images

Area under caustic likely to produce multiple images

Page 13: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

Contribution of structure behind the lens plane

D’Aloisio & PN 10

KEY SYSTEMATICSL.O.S. SUBSTRUCTURE IN LENS PLANE & ALONG L.O.SScaling Relations (relation between mass & light) Correlated LOS (infalling subclusters, filaments)Uncorrelated LOS (primary contribution to the errors)

Page 14: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

BIASES: choice of density profile,

bimodality?

Not particularly sensitive to the inner slope/outer slope of the density profile No bias from choice of profile NFW vs. PIEMD or bi-modality

Page 15: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

10 clusters, 20 families!Flat prior, input w = -1; evolving

wa

wx = w0 + waz

(1+ z)

Chevallier, Polarski & Linder 01

Page 16: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

Current constraints including CSL

Combining X-ray clusters, WMAP5, strong lensing competitive with WMAP5 + SNe + BAO

Jullo, Kneib, PN+ 10

Page 17: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

The SDSS Giant-Arc Survey & MCT Clusters….

Hennawi+ 07, 08; Oguri+ 09; Gladders+ 10; Postman+

Page 18: Constraining Dark Energy with Cluster Strong Lensing Priyamvada Natarajan Yale University Collaborators: Eric Jullo (JPL), Jean-Paul Kneib (OAMP), Anson.

Parameter degeneracies

For each clump: ellipticity, core radius, clump vel disp, Omegam

wx