Constitution Tested Part 2

War of 1812Task: Guess who’s still at war? _________________________________________________________If you said Britain and France, you’re right!

•The British were seizing American ships that were headed to France.

•American sailors were captured and forced to fight for the British.

•U.S. believed in FREEDOM OF THE SEAS.

Embargo Act –

•Passed by Congress to punish Britain.

U.S. Exports – 1800 – 1820

Task: How did the Embargo Act affect U.S. trade? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

War of 1812

Rebuilding the White House, 1814

NEWSFLASH - U.S. Declares War on Britain

War ends in a draw.White House burned

by the British

War hero emerges –Andrew Jackson

“Star Spangled Banner” written by

Francis Scott Key

OUTCOMES OF THE WAR OF 1812

America wanted continue its policy of

neutrality

Native Americans lose British as an ally in the

West

The Star Spangled Banner

And where is that band who so vauntingly sworeThat the havoc of war and the battle's confusion,A home and a country should leave us no more?Their blood has wash'd out their foul footsteps' pollution.No refuge could save the hireling and slaveFrom the terror of flight or the gloom of the grave:And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave.

O thus be it ever when free-men shall standBetween their lov'd home and the war's desolation;Blest with vict'ry and peace, may the heav'n-rescued landPraise the Pow'r that hath made and preserv'd us a nation!Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just,And this be our motto: “In God is our trust!”And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!

O say, can you see, by the dawn's early light,What so proudly we hail'd at the twilight's last gleaming?Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thro' the perilous fight,O'er the ramparts we watch'd, were so gallantly streaming?And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air,Gave proof thro' the night that our flag was still there.O say, does that star-spangled banner yet waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

On the shore dimly seen thro' the mists of the deep,Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes,What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep,As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses?Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam,In full glory reflected, now shines on the stream:'Tis the star-spangled banner: O, long may it waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!

The Star Spangled BannerFrancis Scott Key

Monroe Doctrine

Task: Draw a line explaining how the Monroe Doctrine affected U.S. foreign policy.

Task: How does the Monroe Doctrine fit with Washington’s Farewell Address? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Monroe Doctrine –

•Europe cannot colonize anymore in the Western Hemisphere

•U.S. will not get involved in European affairs.

•U.S. didn’t have the power to enforce it, so Britain did.

0Western Hemisphere Eastern Hemisphere

Uniting the United StatesTask: Working in pairs, identify things that unite the United States. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Things you might have missed:

1) Political parties

- Federalist party dies. Whig party takes its place.

2) Economy

3) Commerce

4) John Marshall’s Supreme Court Decisions

Marbury v.

Madison & McCulloch v. Maryland

The American System –

1) Create a better transportation system

2) Establish a high protective tariff –

- Money from the tariff would go to building the transportation system

3) Create a second National Bank.

Task: Which of these will unite the states and which will divide them? Explain your answer. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The NorthIndustrial Revolution –

•Begins in Great Britain (1700s)

•Hits New England by 1800s.

Task: Why would factory owners choose the Northeast? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Land could not be used for farming; rivers for power; lots of iron, coal.

Transportation Revolution -

Changes in Transportation

Steam Power

Steam ships carry goods places faster

than ships powered by wind.

Roads

Made of gravel and stone help move Americans west.

Canals

Erie Canal helps connect Lake Erie to

New York City.

Railroads

U.S. grows to have most railroad track in

the world.

The NorthThe Factory System –

•Factories develop.

Lowell, Massachusetts –

•Hired teenage girls who lived and worked at the mill.

Task: Do you think the girls had much freedom? Explain. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Cities –

•9 of the 10 largest cities were in the North.

•Immigrants flooded to the cities in search of work.

•Southerners came to the North to work in factories.

Task: Why didn’t immigrants head to the South in search of work? __________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

•Rich got richer; the poor got poorer. New York City

The NorthWorking-class families –

What did Dad do?

Dad went to work in the factories from 6 in the morning to 8 at night.

What did Mom do?

Mom work in a factory or as a servant for the rich.

What did Little Joey do?

Joey went to work in the factory. He was small enough to climb into the machines.

Immigration –

•Many immigrants came from Northwestern Europe:

•Germany

•Ireland

•England

Task: Why did many immigrants come from Ireland? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

IRELAND

The South“King Cotton” –

•Cotton became to the dominant product on Southern plantations.

•Eli Whitney’s cotton gin helped extract the seeds, boosting production.

•Cotton will make up 50% of our nation’s exports.

Task: Do you think farmers want to keep a high protective tariff? Explain. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

South has good conditions for

farming.

South’s economy based on farming

and slavery.

Cotton gin makes farming cotton

more profitable.

Industrial Revolution sparks textile industry.

Cotton becomes South’s most

valuable product.

Farmers rely on slavery to meet the

North’s needs.The Growth of

“King Cotton”

Cotton Production vs. Slavery

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

4,000,000

4,500,000

1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860

Cotton Production

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

Pop

ula

tion

In

Th

ousa

nd

s

1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860

Slaves

Free Blacks

1) What happened to cotton production between 1800 and 1860? __________________________________

2) Which period saw the greatest increase in cotton production? __________________________________

3) What happened the slavery in the United States between 1800 and 1860? __________________________________

Task: What conclusion can be made after examining both the cotton production and the number of slaves in the United States? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________