Consortia at the Crossroads: New Roles for New Times Mary A. Hollerich ILDS Conference October 3, 2015
Consortia at the Crossroads: New Roles for New Times Mary A. Hollerich ILDS Conference October 3, 2015.
Jan 17, 2016
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Consortia at the Crossroads: New Roles for New Times
Mary A. HollerichILDS ConferenceOctober 3, 2015
A bit of background
5 national libraries – LOC, NLM, NAL, NLE, NTL – but really none
50 (?) state libraries
Decentralized, federated approach to library services
Defining our terms
US Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, § 54.500 (e)“A library consortium is any local, regional, or interstate cooperative association of libraries that provides for the systematic and effective coordination of the resources of schools, public, academic, and special libraries and information centers, for improving services to the clientele of such libraries.”
Why join a consortium?
Access to wider array of resources
Staff savings (debatable)
Cost savings and increased buying power
Enhanced service quality
Continuing education
Improved technology
Professional networking
Altruism – it’s the right thing to do
Humble Beginnings
“The perfection of work” American Library Association established 1876
ALA Cmte on Cooperation in Indexing and Cataloging
Printed catalog cards and the first union catalogs
“A great convenience”Samuel Swett Green writes a letter to the editor
Reciprocal borrowing comes to California
Library of Congress
First national ILL code
Out of the ashes…
Libraries respond to the Great Depression Proliferation of union card catalogs (1930s)
First academic library consortia are formed – CLUNY, TRLN (1931)
Post World War II - emphasis on cooperative acquisitions
Universal Serial and Book Exchange (1948)
Farmington Plan (1948)
Midwest Inter-Library Cooperative (1949)
Latin American Cooperative Acquisitions Program (1949)
Library Consortia Mature
1960s to 1980s a heyday for library consortia
Advent of multi-state, multi-type library consortia (e.g., ILLINET)
125 consortia formed 1931 to 1971 - 90% in the 1960s (source: Patrick, Ruth J. Guidelines for Library Cooperation: Development of Academic Library Consortia, 1972)
Services typically comprise cooperative cataloging, ILL, reference support, and/or brokering OCLC services)
Bibliographic utilities – OCLC, WLN, and RLIN
And then this happened…
1990s Explosion of electronic databases
Serials crisis begins to vastly erode library buying power
World Wide Web and GUI interfaces
Emphasis on service quality improvement to meet user demands
And it kept on coming…
2000s More explosion of e-content (ebooks, streaming video)
Changes in scholarly communication models
State and federal governments reduce financial support
Many consortia close or merge with others
Emphasis on assessment and demonstrating value
Increasing numbers of students can no longer afford textbooks
Disrupting resource sharing
Shared licensing of e-resources
Full-text databases
E-books
Streaming video
Audio files
Consortial DDACARLI
Orbis Cascade Alliance
ILL and e-books
Source: occamsreader.org
Collection Management
Cooperative deselection
Shared print repositories
CIC Shared Print
West Regional Storage Trust
Maine Shared Collections Cooperative
Open Educational Resources
OER Commons
Open Access Textbooks
Open Textbook Library
Software development
RapidILL
IDS ALIAS
Occam’s Reader
Digitization
HathiTrust
DPLA Minnesota Digital Library
Consortia: Looking Ahead
Digitization, digitization, and more digitization
Collection development and management – with an emphasis on the management
Consortial demand-driven acquisitions
Management of cooperative deselection projects
Network of shared print repositories
ILL of e-books – we need Occam’s Reader to succeed!
Advocacy – for OA, copyright reform
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