Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
CONSERVING TROPICAL FORESTS FOR PEOPLE, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND
RESPONSIBLE BUSINESSES
The Benefits TFF Provides
• People who live in or near tropical forests
• The local and global environment
• Businesses that use or produce wood products
Tropical Forests are Disappearing
©earthobservatory.nasa.gov
Causes of Deforestation
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Africa Latin America Asia
Defo
rest
atio
n in
200
0-10
(tho
usan
d ha
per
yea
r)
Urban Expansion
Infrastructure
Mining
Subsistence Agriculture
Commercial Agriculture
Worldwide concern was rising in the 1980s regarding the rapid loss of tropical forests
Initiating Change
In 1989, a workshop was organized with experts from industry, conservation, and science. • Smithsonian Institute, Dr. Thomas Lovejoy • World Bank, Dr. Marc Dourojeanni • UNESCO, Dr. Kuswata Kartawinata • Princeton University, Dr. Stephen Hubbell • Government of Nigeria, Dr. Philip R.O. Kio • World Wildlife Fund, Robert Buschbacher • Georgia-Pacific Corporation, Walter Jarck • US Forest Service, Dr. Frank Wadsworth • Rainforest Alliance, Ivan Ussach
Key Findings of the Workshop
• Tropical forests will be conserved only if they have economic value
• Blanket bans and embargos tend to depress the value of hardwoods and the forests
• Funds obtained from products of the tropical forests must be rechanneled into managing and regenerating those forests.
The Tropical Forest Foundation was formed in 1990
• Continue the discussion and research
• Educate producers and users of tropical woods on these key findings
• Develop relationships among policy-makers, conservation and academic organizations, and industry.
TFF Training Centers
Defining best practices Developed the world’s standard for Reduced Impact Logging in tropical forests.
Conventional Logging Reduced Impact Logging
Improvements Achieved Through Reduced Impact Logging Practices
Measuring the avoided emissions resulting from RIL •Tropical deforestation releases 20% of greenhouse gas emissions worldwide, roughly equivalent to that released by the transportation sector • Reduced Impact Logging is mentioned specifically in the Verified Carbon Standard as a qualifying emissions reduction strategy • Methodology currently in validation to credit RIL practitioners for avoided emissions vs CL
MARKETS ARE SHIFTING
Tropical Wood Market Share is Falling Statistics for 1995 and 2011 • Plywood – 75% to 25% • Veneer – 38% to 30% • Roundwood – 20% to 15% • Sawnwood – 10% to 10% --Source ITTO Market Information Service
Markets are Shifting
“Families in the emergent, established, and affluent segments will make up 37 percent of Brazilian households by 2020, compared with 29 percent in 2010 and just 24 percent in 2000. These households will account for more than 85 percent of incremental spending from 2010 to 2020” -- Boston Consulting Group
“Middle Class” Outside the U.S. Expected to Double By 2020 – Approaching 1 Billion Households Worldwide commodity consumption will be impacted
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018
Foreign households w/real PPP incomes greater than $20,000 a year (in millions of households)
Developing countries
Developed countries (ex US)
Middle class in developing countries projected to increase 138% by 2020 vs. just 15% in developed countries in 2009
Chart provided by American Hardwood Export Council. Source: Global Insight’s Global Consumer Markets data as analyzed by OGA
“Middle Class” in Developing Countries Could Reach 616 Million Households By 2020, Up 138% From 2009 Levels 25% of households in these countries are middle class. By 2020, this could increase to 49% and the impact on food consumption will be large
23460
129
876
54
33
22
1
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350
ChinaIndia
BrazilIndonesia
RussiaEgypt
ThailandMexicoTurkey
VietnamPhilippines
IranPolandNigeria
Households with real PPP incomes greater than $20,000 (in millions)
levels 2009 Proj gains by 2020
Chart provided by American Hardwood Export Council Source: Global Insight’s Global Consumer Markets data as analyzed by OGA
Developing countries with fastest growing “middle class”
Source: Global Trade Atlas
Chart provided by American Hardwood Export Council Source: Global Trade Atlas
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Jan - Nov.2012
Mill
ion
Boar
d Fe
et
US Hardwood Lumber Exports to China
2012
1999 - 2006US Furniture Manufacturing
Shift to China and US Housing Boom
2006 - 2009US Housing
Bust and Worldwide Economic
Turmoil
China's Growing Middle
1999 - 20062009 - 2012
Chart provided by American Hardwood Export Council. Source: Hardwood Market Report 2013
Chart provided by American Hardwood Export Council Source: FII Ltd drawing on BTS Ltd & Eurostat
Markets are Shifting
Substitution of hardwood plywood products “Substitutes are making more inroads into applications previously dominated by hardwood plywood in the European market.” -- ITTO Market Information Service
Markets are Shifting
• Imports are shifting from tropical countries
Markets are Shifting
Fighting trade of illegal timber • Japan “Goho” Wood, 2006 • US Lacey Act amendments,
2008 • EU Trade Regulations, 2013 • Australian law, 2014
Markets are Shifting
Laws are impacting flow of tropical woods • American Hardwood Export Council meeting on
October 4, foreign buyers said they are shifting to more American woods over tropicals because they are certain of the legality of American woods
Markets are Shifting
“Making softwoods more durable could cut demand for unsustainably logged tropical hardwoods.” -- The Economist “Increasing the Durability of Softwoods to Reduce Use of Tropical Hardwoods” -- The Dirt
Markets are Shifting
“…A 2008 pledge by Mayor Michael Bloomberg, Honorary ASLA, to the United Nations General Assembly that he would reduce New York’s tropical hardwood use by 20 percent. Since then, NYC Parks & Recreation has stopped using tropical wood in park benches. San Francisco, Santa Monica, and Baltimore ban the use of tropical hardwoods completely for municipal projects.” -- Landscape Architecture Magazine, 2013
Markets are Shifting
• Market reports at the National Hardwood Lumber Association 2013 Convention show that there is a growing gap between demand and available supply of temperate climate hardwoods
• Hardwood Market Report says that US housing starts will increase by 31% in 2014, 40.6% in 2015. The rapid market growth starting from already thin log inventories in the US will drive demand to imported supplies
Conclusions
• Tropical hardwoods have had a declining share of the world export markets
• Growth of the middle class in China, Brazil, and India is creating rapidly growing markets for wood
Conclusions
• Legal restrictions and inaccurate perceptions are influencing demand in US, EU
• The US housing market offers an opportunity over the next few years for growth in imports due to tight domestic supplies and lack of capacity
Thank You!
• Email:
• Tropical Forest Foundation 2121 Eisenhower Avenue Suite 200 Alexandria, VA 22314
• Phone: 703.518.8834 • Fax: 703.518.8974
• www.tropicalforestfoundation.org
THANK YOU!
Related Documents
