Conservation of mangroves

•Mangroves are unique ecosystems occurring along the shelteredInter-tidal coastlines, mudflats, riverbanks in association with theBrackish water margin between land and sea in tropical andSubtropical areas.

They sustain diverse flora and fauna species inlarge proportion and provide many ecosystem services such ascoastal protection from storm, reduction of shoreline and riverbankerosion, stabilizing sediments and absorption of pollutants.

Why should we conserve mangroves?

Natural mangrove destruction.Anthropogenic mangrove destruction.

Natural mangrove destruction:

Causatives:

Cyclones.Storms.Occasional tsunamis.Intensive grazing etc.

ANTHROPOGENIC MANGROVE DESTRUCTIONIncludes activities like---

•Urbanization•Agricultural activities•Dumping of waste material and garbage.•Deforestation•Effluent release •Pollutants like oil etc.

How can we conserve the mangrove ecosystems?

IT INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING:

•Afforestation•Regeneration of the degraded mangrove areas.•Protective measures•Eco-development

CONSERVATIVE MEASURES

•Natural regeneration•Artificial regeneration

Afforestation Activities:

A natural process of mangrove seed establishment

Natural regeneration

Involves planting of seeds or seedlings in areas where the availability of planting materials is inadequate.

Artificial regeneration

-Proper restoration practices should be formulated for mangrove plantation in degraded areas.

-For this fast growing species like Avicinnea and Sonneratia are preferable.

-For successful achievements of the mangrove plantation programmes , nursery stocks of high quality species should be developed for their efficient performance in the field.

Regeneration of the degraded mangrove areas:

community and industrial

partnership are required in

protecting the mangroves.

Protective measures: