Consciousness Chapter 7 notes
Dec 14, 2015
Consciousness
Chapter 7
notes
Does consciousness exist?Watson and James say NO
Is it something that can be observed by others
How do we know it exists?
Consciousness is a constructA concept used to talk about something that can not be seen
Are there other constructs that we accept?
Emotion
Intelligence
The results of constructs are often seen in behavior
Think of the wind blowing and something moves
Consciousness
Generally it means awareness
Different types of awarenessSensory awareness
Inner awareness
Sense of self
Consciousness
And different levelsPreconscious
Unconscious
Non conscious
Different types of awareness
Sensory awarenessAware of things outside
In the environment
using your senses
Sight, smell, touch, taste, sound
Different types of awareness
Inner awarenessThoughtsemotionsmemory Nothing is smelled seen heard or touchedBut you know it happened
Different types of awareness
Sense of selfYour existence
Or death sense
Levels of ConsciousnessPreconscious level
You can recall things in your preconsciousWhat did you eat last night?You can move this information into consciousness by directing you inner awareness or attention
Levels of Consciousness
Unconscious level or subInfo is unavailable most of the time
Comes to the surface in dreams, hypnosis, or therapy
Ex going to a party
Full of suppressed memories
Levels of Consciousness
NonconsciousBasic body function
Growing fingernails
Heart beat
Altered states of consciousness
Sleep
Meditations, biofeedback, and hypnosis
Alcohol and drugs (legal and illegal)
Sleep and Dreams
1/3 of life is spent asleep
Circadian rhythmsBiological clock
Changes in temperature, blood pressure, sleepiness, wakefulness-24-25 hr cycle
Sleep and Dreams
Stages of sleep 1-4 & REM
Defined by brain waves EEG
Sleep and Dreams
Stage 1
Lightest sleep
Waves slow from alpha to theta-have dream like images
30-40 min
Sleep and Dreams
Stage 2 similar to stage 1
Brain waves slow a little more
Sleep and Dreams
Stage 3-4
Brain waves move from theta to delta the slowest
Stage 4 is the deepest sleep
Jumps back through 3-2-1 quickly
Sleep and Dreams
REM sleepEyes move rapidlyIrregularly breathingRaised blood pressure and heart beatBrain waves are similar to stage 1
Sleep and Dreams
The whole process lasts 90 min
Cycles 5 times on avg
Last cycle of REM sleep may last 30 mins or more
Sleep and Dreams
Why do we sleep1964 Randy Gardner-17 tried
11 days
Slurred speech-could not focus memory problems
Sleep and Dreams
Recovery sleep
Gardner slept an extra 6.5 hr for the 1st 3 days after the experiment 4 night extra 2.5
More REM sleep in cycle
Can you catch up on sleep?
Sleep and Dreams
Deprived of just REM sleep
Learn more slowly
REM Sleep in infants helps brain development
Exercise for the Brain
Sleep and Dreams
Dreams happen mostly in REM sleep
In black and white or color
Can be realistic
REM sleep most clear/plot
Sleep and Dreams
2 views on what dreams are
Freudian
Biopsychological
Sleep and Dreams
Freudian
Supressed feelings and desires
symbolic
Sleep and Dreams
Biopsychological
Neurons fire that control vision & movement randomly
The thinking part of the brain tries to make sense of random
Sleep problems
Insomnia
Nightmares/terrors
Sleep walking
Sleep apnea
Narcolepsy
Sleep problems
Insomnia
in=not + somnus=sleep Latin
Have racing minds worry
Related to stress
Do not force it or take sleeping pills
Sleep problems
Insomnia helpTense muscles
Avoid stress try not to worry
Regular routine
Positive images
Sleep problems
Nightmares
Avg 2 per month
During REM
Causes-upsetting events
Sleep problemsNight terrors
More severe
Racing heart, gasp for air, talk and thrash about
Occur during stages 3-4
Young children
Immature nervous system
Sleep problems
Sleep walking
Children
You can wake them up
Most children outgrow it
Immature nervous system
Sleep problems
Sleep Apnea
Breathing interruptions
Air passage is blocked
Snoring
SIDS in infants
Breathing machine
Sleep problems
Narcolepsy
Rare problem
Drop into REM sleep
Medication/therapy
Frequent naps
No known cause-genetic??
Drugs and Consciousness
Depressants
Stimulants
Hallucinogens
Treatment
Drugs and Consciousness
Addiction
Physical
Psychological
How do you know if you are addicted?
Are all drugs addictive?
Drugs and Consciousness
Depressants
Slow down nervous system
General feeling of relaxation
Alcohol
Narcotics
Depressants
Alcohol
Small amounts may not give the relaxation feeling
Intoxication Toxic=poison
Alcohol poisoning
Impaired speech, vision, memory, judgment, motor skills
Depressants
Can not focus on consequences
Excuse for behavior
People choose to drink and are responsible for their actions
Drinking and driving
Depressants½ of all motor accidents in the US involve alcoholDO NOT DRINK AND DRIVE AND TRY TO STOP OTHERSCALL A PARENT OR A CABMAKE A DIFFICULT DECISSION THE RIGHT ONE
Depressants
Narcotic
Narke in Greek=numbness
What is a narcotic?
How do you think it makes you feel?
Examples
Depressants
Morphine, Heroin, Codeine, Oxycotin, Valume, Zanax,-pain relievers and anti-anxiety RX-
Heroin was used to cure Morphine addiction civil war
Depressants
Impair judgment, memory, loss of consciousness, coma, death
Strong physical addiction
Tremors, chills, cramps, insomnia, vomiting diarrhea
Drugs and Consciousness
Stimulants
Speed up the Nervous system
Examples
Drugs and Consciousness
Nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines, XTC,
Stimulants
Nicotine
Spurs the release of adrenaline
Feel alert and attentive
Does not improve preformance
Stimulants
Smoking health risksCancer, heart disease, respiratory problems400,000 smoking deaths per year May be as difficult to quit as heoin
Stimulants
Amphetamines
Keeping people awake
Meth, speed, uppers
Developed due to war
Pill-inject-snort
May last for days
Stimulants
Can hallucinate
Suffer from delusions
StimulantsCocaine
What are it’s offspring
Coca plant
Reduces hunger, deadens pain, produces pleasure feelings
Freud found it useful
Stimulants
Speeds up the heart
Overdoses
Death
Hallucinogens
Are addictive
Relaxation, panic
examples
Hallucinogens-Marijuana
Impairs perception and coordination
Memory and learning
Leads to paranoia
Anxiety and confusion
Time-awareness
Hallucinogens-Marijuana
Withdrawals
Addictive
Psychological-coping
Hallucinogens-LSD
Acid
Strong hallucinations
Do not recall when it wears off
Suicide-injury
Flash backs