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CONDITIONS DACCES AU FINANCEMENT PUBLIC
ATELIER SUR LA REFORME DES SECTEURS DE LEAU ET DE
LASSAINISSEMENT EN AFRIQUE - RABAT - 13 AU 17 NOVEMBRE 2006
par Mouhamed Fadel NDAWCoordonnateur du Programme dEau Potable
et dAssainissement du Millnaire
(PEPAM)[email protected]
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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SOMMAIRE DE LA PRESENTATION
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
I CONSTATS SUR LE FINANCEMENT
DU SECTEUR
II NECESSITE DU FINANCEMENT PUBLIC
IV MECANISMES DU FINANCEMENT
PUBLIC CAS DU SENEGAL
V LEONS TIREES POUR LES OMDs
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CONSTATSURBANISATION GALOPANTE EN AFRIQUE
Source: World Bank 2001 FPSI Strategies for Africa - Urban
199020102025 ACCES A LEAU POTABLE EN MILIEU URBAINPas daccs en
2000 : 40 millions personnesPersonnes additionnelles desservir dici
2015+ 178 millions ACCES A LASSAINISSEMENT EN MILIEU URBAINPas
daccs en 2000 : 46 millions personnesPersonnes additionnelles
desservir dici 2015+ 212 millions
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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CONSTATSnormes besoins dinvestissements
Aide internationale insuffisante
Concurrence avec les autres secteurs (nergie, tlcommunications)
pour le financement priv
Comptition avec les autres secteurs (sant, ducation) pour le
financement public
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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Flux financiers vers le secteur de leau en 2000 Billion
USDEstimations tires du GWP Framework for ActionCONSTATSMilliards
$
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
Chart3
489
144
local
international
Sheet1
localinternational
public489
priv144
Sheet1
local
international
Sheet2
Sheet3
Sheet4
Sheet5
Sheet6
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CONSTATSInvestissement priv international dans les
infrastructures entre 1990-2002 par secteur et rgion, milliards
US$
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
Chart1
75.12525940832.3495543422121.284475540912.216492713622.82845712526.2482696633
56.195016558268.0561704912182.272218937710.473026899319.604589187918.5198084926
49.99412945225.137722649773.22233155512.3253177163.03711651852.7905224627
16.96711664323.461722675121.33062497841.33476296580.2255906420.2432750099
East Asia and Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
Middle East and North Africa
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Chart2
0.06058343061.35651808631.26839673280
0.49971812081.24625950782.58200894850
5.28885993491.29633441911.12734201951.9971596091
7.00232911391.13481645572.6406856542.9023270042
7.96627338133.88441932175.11292908530.1610524152
9.8782526.3971345.6798120.264556
12.85443148698.353689018510.20052089410.7144217687
14.178602089310.28023171897.43691358027.120005698
5.72355140191.81874392522.33110654210.6955383178
1.6300841724.66407685272.34056724611.157652333
4.08809930597.31738757043.52809142510.0985914658
3.79087497064.07860568173.94545532440.6177120314
2.16364.36681.80031.2381
&A
Page &P
Energy
Telecom
Transport
Water & Sewerage
East Asia and the Pacific: Real Investment in PPI by Sector,
1990-2002
Chart3
0.0936289382000
00.360599552600
1.14796959830.267133550500
01.07768354430.4644071730
1.46742034942.16208016440.76887975330.0194039054
4.7928064.3965620.3111660.037052
4.81036345976.34539552960.12178425661.0802332362
3.243375118712.07622981960.47625830960.1878138651
1.65971962629.96151588791.35016261680.1191028037
1.11522415378.48919853610.38487648670.0329277219
4.724661788816.17422239250.92137066851.3930222145
1.14848530935.27634951370.33881738520.5238669283
8.14591.469200.0683
&A
Page &P
Energy
Telecom
Transport
Water & Sewerage
Europe and Central Asia: Real Investment in PPI by Sector,
1990-2002
Chart4
0.88906184364.75029171539.21336289380
012.02900447430.80448545860.0989932886
6.55764820856.35393485343.55729641690
3.96507383977.64361181432.6532573845.0834599156
4.943144912611.27585200412.94417882840.3172538541
7.6200867.703043.3257121.522554
11.059317784310.83444120517.59626433430.1581360544
26.082146248814.263768281112.77773029442.128034188
21.116155140240.188263551414.77922429911.6115271028
11.371507776819.25224519674.05302470275.5478353156
15.841162875217.10373938974.60727110293.1444828936
6.868770911321.34102645234.90452384011.2954483657
4.97049.5332.0060.4229
&A
Page &P
Energy
Telecom
Transport
Water & Sewerage
Latin America and the Caribbean: Real Investment in PPI by
Sector, 1990-2002
Chart5
00.013768961500
0000
00.012812160700.0076872964
3.64331223630.006223628700
0.24800616650.112785200400
00.141600
0.23966958210.141049562700.0108940719
5.16701044630.21381196580.29976258310
0.27570093461.86605420560.13663738321.1028037383
0.96947849951.99423238790.19648673380.0593778591
0.15666016813.20213383540.67562308480
1.51665468021.64655499060.76680793110
01.1220.250.154
&A
Page &P
Energy
Telecom
Transport
Water & Sewerage
Middle East and North Africa: Real Investment in PPI by Sector,
1990-2002
Chart6
0.18615635940.17885880980.00261610270
0.80989709170.034185682300
0.04048642780.025496199800
1.30783333330.076550632900
2.52032476880.72837410070.15159301130
3.0085280.7956740.3535280
4.721.76151409140.12384839650
1.69267806274.46024311490.61868755940
1.65453644860.85004112150.3330467290
2.78190667891.39419213170.7741793230
3.09048735560.82089928070.10475343240.225590642
0.91712259843.62106002220.10156396440
0.09854.85750.47330
&A
Page &P
Energy
Telecom
Transport
Water & Sewerage
South Asia: Real Investment in PPI by Sector, 1990-2002
Chart7
0.0545250875000
0000.0009239374
0.02972421280.025624321400
00.00062236290.03833755270
0.09228982530.67113257970.02182939360
0.090860.784700
0.53208940721.06910981540.03210884350.0072244898
1.26236467243.05007027540.52511680910
0.78927663551.58064859810.33701682240.0138953271
0.53936688012.8753998171.17935224150.2130045746
0.75886185412.59909662840.04407372730
0.87741108833.64340409440.51218707240.0082266811
1.22152.220.10050
&A
Page &P
Energy
Telecom
Transport
Water & Sewerage
Sus-Saharan Africa: Real Investment in PPI by Sector,
1990-2002
Sheet1
Real Investment in PPI Projects by Region and Sector,
1990-2002
(in 2002 S$ billion)
EnergyTelecomTransportWater & SewerageTotal
East Asia and Pacific75.156.250.017.0198.3
Europe and Central Asia32.368.15.13.5109.0
Latin America and the Caribbean1211827321398.1
Middle East and North Africa12102126.3
South Asia23203045.7
Sub-Saharan Africa6.218.52.80.227.8
Total270.1355.1136.543.6805.2
EAP: Real Investment in PPI Projects in Developing Countries by
sector, 1990-2002
(in 2002 US$billion)
EnergyTelecomTransportWater & SewerageTotal
19900.11.41.30.02.7
19910.51.22.60.04.3
19925.31.31.12.09.7
19937.01.12.62.913.7
19948.03.95.10.217.1
19959.96.45.70.322.2
199612.98.410.20.732.1
199714.210.37.47.139.0
19985.71.82.30.710.6
19991.64.72.31.29.8
20004.17.33.50.115.0
20013.84.13.90.612.4
20022.24.41.81.29.6
Total75.156.250.017.0198.3
ECA: Real Investment in PPI Projects in Developing Countries by
sector, 1990-2002
(in 2002 US$billion)
EnergyTelecomTransportWater & SewerageTotal
19900.10.00.00.00.1
19910.00.40.00.00.4
19921.10.30.00.01.4
19930.01.10.50.01.5
19941.52.20.80.04.4
19954.84.40.30.09.5
19964.86.30.11.112.4
19973.212.10.50.216.0
19981.710.01.40.113.1
19991.18.50.40.010.0
20004.716.20.91.423.2
20011.15.30.30.57.3
20028.11.50.00.19.7
Total32.368.15.13.5109.0
LAC: Real Investment in PPI Projects in Developing Countries by
sector, 1990-2002
(in 2002 US$billion)
EnergyTelecomTransportWater & SewerageTotal
19900.94.89.20.014.9
19910.012.00.80.112.9
19926.66.43.60.016.5
19934.07.62.75.119.3
19944.911.32.90.319.5
19957.67.73.31.520.2
199611.110.87.60.229.6
199726.114.312.82.155.3
199821.140.214.81.677.7
199911.419.34.15.540.2
200015.817.14.63.140.7
20016.921.34.91.334.4
20025.09.52.00.416.9
Total121.3182.373.221.3398.1
(1.90)(11.81)(2.90)(0.87)(17.48)
MENA: Real Investment in PPI Projects in Developing Countries by
sector, 1990-2002
(in 2002 US$billion)
EnergyTelecomTransportWater & SewerageTotal
19900.00.00.00.00.0
19910.00.00.00.00.0
19920.00.00.00.00.0
19933.60.00.00.03.6
19940.20.10.00.00.4
19950.00.10.00.00.1
19960.20.10.00.00.4
19975.20.20.30.05.7
19980.31.90.11.13.4
19991.02.00.20.13.2
20000.23.20.70.04.0
20011.51.60.80.03.9
20020.01.10.30.21.5
Total12.210.52.31.326.3
SA: Real Investment in PPI Projects in Developing Countries by
sector, 1990-2002
(in 2002 US$billion)
EnergyTelecomTransportWater & SewerageTotal
19900.20.20.00.00.4
19910.80.00.00.00.8
19920.00.00.00.00.1
19931.30.10.00.01.4
19942.50.70.20.03.4
19953.00.80.40.04.2
19964.71.80.10.06.6
19971.74.50.60.06.8
19981.70.90.30.02.8
19992.81.40.80.05.0
20003.10.80.10.24.2
20010.93.60.10.04.6
20020.14.90.50.05.4
Total22.819.63.00.245.7
SSA: Real Investment in PPI Projects in Developing Countries by
sector, 1990-2002
(in 2002 US$billion)
EnergyTelecomTransportWater & SewerageTotal
19900.10.00.00.00.1
19910.00.00.00.00.0
19920.00.00.00.00.1
19930.00.00.00.00.0
19940.10.70.00.00.8
19950.10.80.00.00.9
19960.51.10.00.01.6
19971.33.10.50.04.8
19980.81.60.30.02.7
19990.52.91.20.24.8
20000.82.60.00.03.4
20010.93.60.50.05.0
20021.22.20.10.03.5
Total6.218.52.80.227.8
Sheet2
Sheet3
Sheet4
Sheet5
Sheet6
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STRATEGIES POUR ATTIRER LE FINANCEMENT PUBLICPLAIDOYER POUR
ACCORDER LA PRIORITE AU SECTEUR DE LEAU ET DE LASSAINISSEMENT DANS
LINVESTISSEMENT PUBLIC ET DANS LES ARBITRAGES BUDGETAIRES
OUTILS : REFORMES ET MONTAGES FINANCIERS APPROPRIES
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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PRESENTATION DU SENEGAL
DONNEES GENERALES
Surface totale 196.700 km2
Population (2002) 10 millions
Population urbaine (2002)46%
Population rurale (2002)54%
PNB per capita (DSRP) US $ 600
Taux de croissance (2003) : 6.5%
Croissance dmographique2.2%
- Milieu rural 2.07% - Milieu urbain 2.40%
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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Rosso
Richard Toll
Matam
Bakel
Kdougou
Guoul
Kbmer
Tivaouane
Bignona
Oussouye
Sdhiou
Kolda
Khoungheul
Nioro
kaffrine
Dahra
Lingure
Somone
Sokone
Fadhiouth
Mbour
ZIGUINCHOR
TAMBACOUNDA
DAKAR
SAINT-LOUIS
LOUGA
DIOURBEL
KAOLACK
THIES
Dagana
Podor
Mback
Bambey
RUFISQUE
Vlingara
SENEGAL, DAKARDcoupage gographique
Escale-Centre
Direction Rgionale
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1. Impliquer le secteur priv dans la gestion de leau tout en
veillant crer une socit de patrimoine forte et viable techniquement
et financirement,2.Mettre en uvre un programme ambitieux
dinvestissements pour rduire le dficit dapprovisionnement en eau et
favoriser laccs leau et lassainissement aux populations pauvres par
la ralisation de bornes fontaines et de branchements
sociaux,3.Maintenir les tarifs deau des niveaux socialement
acceptables.
ORIENTATIONS POLITIQUES DU GOUVERNEMENT
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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SONESSocit de PatrimoineContrat de Concession etContrat-Plan
26/04/1996SDEFermierContrat dAffermage05/04/1996AbonnsETATAutorit
ConcdanteContrat de Performance
LA CONTRACTUALISATION
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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LA CONTRACTUALISATION EN HYDRAULIQUE URBAINE
1.Contrat de Concession dune dure de trente ans entre lEtat,
reprsent par le Ministre de lHydraulique et la SONES qui confre
cette dernire la concession du service public de leau potable dans
les zones urbaines ;
2. Contrat Plan entre le MH et la SONES, dfinissant les
objectifs de dveloppement du secteur de lhydraulique urbaine ;
3. Contrat dAffermage de 10 ans entre le MH, la SONES et la SDE,
dlguant la gestion de l'approvisionnement en eau potable en milieu
urbain l'oprateur priv SDE;
4. Contrat de Performance entre la SONES et la SDE qui est
inclus en annexe du contrat daffermage et stipule les niveaux de
performance atteindre.
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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valuation du niveau de recouvrement des cotsvaluation de
lquilibre financier du secteurModalits de financement des
investissementsvaluation de la capacit du secteur supporter les
investissementsModle financierTest des impacts financiers des
options institutionnelles
MODELE FINANCIER*
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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FINANCEMENT DU SECTEUR DE LHYDRAULIQUE URBAINE1.BAILLEURS DE
FONDS : 250 MILLIONS $ (77 %)
PRETS DIRECTS A LA SONES : AFD ET BOAD : 100 millions $ PRETS DU
GVT RETROCEDES A LA SONES : 60 millions $
SUBVENTIONS DEQUIPEMENTS (EQUITY SWAP) : 90 millions $ (IDA +
KFW)
2. SDE (PAR LES TARIFS) : 64 MILLIONS $ (20 %)
3. BANQUES COMMERCIALES : 11 MILLIONS $ (3 %)
TOTAL : 325 MILLIONS $
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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MECANISMES DE SUBVENTION DE LACCESFinancement du programme de
branchements sociaux pris en compte dans lquilibre financier global
du systme
1. Ralisation en dix ans de 500 kms de rseaux, de 120.000
branchements sociaux gratuits pour les pauvres et 500 bornes
fontaines pour un cot de 5O millions de $
2. Taux daccs leau de la population urbaine = 90 % dont 71% par
branchements domiciliaires
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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LEONS TIREES 1. La SONES a atteint un quilibre financier au 31
Dcembre 2003 grce des hausses annuelles modres des tarifs (3% par
an entre 1996 et 2003) et le paiement rgulier des factures de
lEtat.
2. Le mode de financement de lhydraulique urbaine introduit avec
la rforme de 1996 a t prennis lhorizon 2011 travers :le maintien de
la rigueur dans la gestion du secteur et de son autonomie, le
renforcement du suivi rgulier des indicateurs de performance
(contrat de performances SONES-Etat),la stabilit du cadre
institutionnel, la programmation rigoureuse des investissements
travers le PEPAM.
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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NOUVEAU SCHEMA DE CONTRACTUALISATIONNouveau schma institutionnel
du secteur de lhydraulique urbaine et de lassainissement
ETATAutorit concdanteSONES ConcessionnaireSDE
FermierETATTutelleONAS DlgataireContrat daffermageContrat de
performancesEau potableAssainissementOprateurs privsContrats de
servicesCollectivits localesETATActionnairesContrat de
performances
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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METHODOLOGIE
Revue des dpenses publiques
Approche sectorielleLettre de politique sectorielle,Programme
sectoriel avec plan dinvestissement raliste, Mcanismes durables de
pilotage et de coordination du secteur,Cadre de dpenses sectoriel
moyen terme,
3. Appui budgtaire : Cas de lhydraulique rurale au Bnin, PEPAM
au Sngal (en cours)
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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CONDITIONS DE SUCCES
Contractualisation (Culture du contrat, de la performance et de
lefficacit, indicateurs de performances : recouvrement des cots,
autonomie de gestion, rduction des cots unitaires)
2. Amlioration de la capacit dabsorption (renforcement des
capacits des acteurs publics, adaptation au cycle budgtaire)
3. Coordination des interventions et stabilit des acteurs
4. Alignement des rformes institutionnelles et du cadre
lgislatif et rglementaire aux politiques nationales (DSRP, OMD)
5. Suivi et valuation des engagements contractuels et des progrs
(ex. revue annuelle du secteur orient vers les OMD )
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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CONDITIONS DE SUCCES
6. Mcanismes transparents de gestion des subventions de laccs
travers le modle financier
7. Bonne gouvernance (transparence dans la gestion des marchs
publics et dans la tarification, imputabilit, reporting)
8. Stratgie de plaidoyer et de communication envers les dcideurs
politiques et le public
PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
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PRESENTATION FADEL NDAW ACP-EU WORKSHOP STOCKHOLM 24 AUGUST
2005
This slide shows financing flows into the water sector:Private
sector financing accounts for a small percentage of total
investments. And private investment flows have decreased in the
past years. The trend in private investments can only be reversed
by closing the revenue cycle and thus attracting new investors.
However, this should be done in a sound sector policy framework,
addressing underlying issues that need to be addressed regardless
of ownership (user fees/subsidies for cash flow and associated
regulation (prices and quality).External support agencies is also a
minor financing source for water infrastructure in developing
countries. International aid levels have been stagnant at best. IDA
flows to the WSS sector can increase somewhat but not by an order
of magnitude -- through shifts in priority setting or increases in
budgets. Aid can only be a supplement and should be done also in
the right policy environment.Governments are responsible for the
majority of financing. It is imperative to find new ways of
steering scarce public funds towards increasing access and
maintaining adequate service to the poorest households. The
geographical unit of financial sustainability (municipality,
province, country) need to be defined.
Regardless of funding source, generating bankable and
sustainable projects is imperative.