Concrete cloth - its uses and applications

CONCRETE CLOTH - ITS APPLICATIONS IN CIVIL

ENGINEERING

Introduction

Path crossed by concrete cloth About concrete cloth Material properties Methodology Application of CC in civil engineering Application of CC in defense sector Advantages of concrete cloth Limitations Conclusion References 2

CONTENTS

concrete cloth- its application in civil engineering

Worldwide there is increasing demand for construction and

construction material, for that concrete is most extensively used.

There are many advantages of concrete, but one of the drawback

is that, it is not flexible.

To overcome this drawback a new construction material is in

evolution called concrete cloth (cc).

Concrete cloth is a ground breaking technology that allows

concrete to be used in a completely new ways.

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INTRODUCTION


The technology was first found for emergency shelters, believed

that it may not be commercialized to commercial construction

work.

But further research in the concrete cloth made incredible changes

in the construction field.

the British engineering company had found the revolutionary

material called concrete cloth.

This revolutionary new material takes its own place in the history

of civil engineering.

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PATH CROSSED BY CONCRETE CLOTH


It is a flexible cement-impregnated fabric that hardens when hydrated to form a thin, durable concrete layer.

Concrete Cloth™ (“CC”) consists of: - Dry concrete mix - Reinforcing fiber matrix - Fabric top surface - PVC bottom coating

top layer

= bottom layer

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ABOUT CONCRETE CLOTH



It combines the flexibility of geo textile fabrics with the durability of

hardened concrete.

It contains dry concrete mix trapped within a 3-dimentional fiber matrix.

Fibrous surface on one side and a PVC membrane on the other side.

When water is added it remains workable for 2 hours and then hardens

to form a concrete sheet.

The PVC backing on one surface ensures waterproof to the material and

the hydrophilic fiber on the opposite surface aid hydration.

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CONT…


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CONT…

cross section


Concrete cloths are comes in rolls 1.0m or 1.1m wide. Available length are 4.5m(wt 60kg)or 200m(wt over

2.5t) Rolls comes in three thickness 5mm,8mm, and 13mm

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CONT….

CC Bulk Rolls CC Batched Rolls


1. StrengthVery high early strength is a fundamental characteristic of concrete

cloth. Compressive testing This test based on ASTM C473 – 07 - 10 day compressive failure stress 40 N/mm2 - 10 day compressive Young’s modulus 1500N/mm2 Bending test This tests based on BS EN 12467:2004 - 10 day bending failure stress 3.4N/mm2 - 10 day bending Young’s modulus 180N/mm2

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MATERIAL ROPERTIES


2. Physical Properties Initial Set≥ 120 min, Final Set ≤ 240 min

`

Life expectancy of over 50 years

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MATERIAL ROPERTIES

product Thickness(mm)

Batch roll size(sq m)

Bulk roll size (sq m)

Roll width(m)

CC5

5 10 200 1.0

CC8 8 5 125 1.1CC13 13 N/A 80 1.1


1.Subgrade preparation CC will conform closely to the underlying surface contours therefore

any vegetation and sharp or protruding rocks should be removed. Compacted and smooth subgrade should be prepared prior to

placement of Concrete Cloth.

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METHODOLOGY


2.Concrete cloth placement Over lapping method is followed The fibrous top surface faces upwards PVC layer is placed at the bottom , in contact with the

ground This layer is water resistant and prevent subsequent

hydration.

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CONT….


3.Cutting of concrete cloth Concrete cloths are cut to a specified length after

installation or to conform to the installation area. It is designed to be cut with commonly using cutting

tools.

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CONT….


4. Anchoring After installation concrete cloth they are anchored to

the subgrade. Soil nails or soil anchors, screws, thermal welding are

used.

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CONT…


5. hydration Concrete cloth can be hydrated using saline or non-saline water.

The minimum ratio of water to Concrete Cloth is 1:2 by weight.

It cannot be over hydrated so an excess is recommended.

A. Immersion:

Immerse Concrete cloth in water for a minimum of 90 seconds.

:B. Spraying:

Spray the dry Concrete cloth with water until it is saturated.

Do not use a direct jet of pressurized water as this may wash a channel

in the material and create a weakened area.

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CONT..


c. Re spray the cc after 1 hour if: Installing cc on a steep or a vertical surface Installing in warm climates

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CONT..

Spray The Fiber Surface With Water Until It Feels Wet To Touch For Several Minutes After Spraying


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Ditch lining Slope protection Pipeline protection Mining application Bund lining Concrete canvas shelter

APPLICATION OF CONCRETE CLOTH IN CIVIL ENGINEERING


1. DITCH LINING Rapidly uncontrolled to form ditch or tank lining. Protects water from seeping in ditch. It is significantly quicker and less expensive to install, than conventional concrete.

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APPLICATION OF CONCRETE CLOTH IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

Concrete cloth-its uses and application in civil engineering


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2.SLOPE PROTECTION In addition to shallow erosion or reduction of shear strength

caused by seasonal rainfall , weight above the slope, digging at mid-slope or at the foot of the slope.

concert cloth can be used as slope stabilization and other erosion control applications such as temporary and permanent slope protection.

CONT…


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3.PIPELINE PROTECTION Concrete cloth can be used as a coating for overland or

underwater pipeline protection. Provides safety against corrosion and direct impacts on pipes providing a superior tough rock shield. In remote areas it can be used to coat steel pipe on site without expensive wet concrete application plants.

CONT…


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4.MINING APPLICATION Concrete cloth can be used as an alternative to poured or

sprayed concrete or as a quick way of erecting strong permanent or temporary blast

shown that CC typically provides cost savings of over 20% compared to conventional solutions.

CONT…


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5.BUND LINING Earth containment bunds can be quickly lined withConcrete Cloth to provide an efficient, chemically resistant alternative

to concrete walling. Bunding also called a bund wall, is a constructed retaining wall

designed to prevent inundation or breaches from a known source. It is a secondary containment system commonly used to protect

environments from spills where chemicals are stored.

CONT..


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6.CONCRETE CANVAS SHELTER Concrete Canvas Shelter is one of the major uses of concrete cloth. They are rapidly deployable and require only water and air for

construction. Concrete Canvas Shelters (CCS) are more operational and financial

then conventional tented shelter. They provide a hardened structure from the very first day of operation. They provide much better environmental protection, security and very

improved medical capability. They have a design life of over 10 years, whereas tents get worn out

very rapidly and have to be removed at a very short time period. The key to Concrete Canvas Shelter is the use of inflation to create a surface that is optimized for compressive loading.

CONT….


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Gabion Reinforcement /Capping Dust Suspension Sand Bag Reinforcement

APPLICATION OF CONCRETE CLOTH IN DEFENCE SECTOR


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1.GABION REINFORCEMENT/CAPPING Gabion is a cage, cylinder, or box filled with rocks , concrete , or

sometimes sand and soil for use in civil engineering, road building, and military applications.

For dams or in concrete cloth can be used to cap or repair gabion walls

to provide long-term protection and prevent FOD (ForeignObject Damage). Covering gabions with concrete cloths also prevents water ingress

which can cause slump, whilst protecting the geo-textile membrane from the effects of UV degradation.

CONT…


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2.DUST SUSPENSION The turbulent air currents created by the helicopter rotor wash

drives loose soil particles into the air. The airborne dust particles negatively impact humans and

wildlife, including aquatic life and vegetation. The dust also increases vehicle , helicopter, and equipment

wear and damage due to mechanical abrasion. Thus Concrete cloth use as a dust suspension around

helicopter landing sites.

CONT..


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3.SAND BAG REINFORCEMENT CC has been proven to prevent the degradation of sandbags

from sustained incoming fire, outgoing muzzle fly ash and environmental exposure.

There is currently over 5500sqm of CC being used by the British Army in Afghanistan

CONT…


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Portable -Easily transported and deployed without specialized equipment

Rapid– the material can be hydrated either by being sprayed or by being fully immersed in water. Once hydrated, it remains workable for four hours and hardens to 80% strength within 24 hours. This time can be reduced by adding accelerants into the dry mix at the point of manufacture.

Easy to use– dry concrete cloth can be cut or tailored busing simple hand tools .It can be easily repaired or upgraded using existing cement products.

ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE CLOTH


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Flexible – concrete cloth can be easily nailed through before setting.

Strong – the fiber reinforcement acts to prevent cracking, absorbs energy from impacts and provides a stable failure mode.

Waterproof – the PVC backing on one surface ensures that concrete cloth is completely waterproof.

CONT……..


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Hydration – hydration takes place by filling the sack with water. Hydration is aided by the fiber matrix, which wicks water into the cement.

Setting – the concrete cloth cures in the shape of the inflated inner and 24 hours later the structure is ready to use.

Adaptable – concrete cloth is currently supplied on 1.2m-wide rolls but can be manufactured with a roll width of up to 5m. The cloth can be produced in a range of thicknesses from 5–20mm.

CONT…


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Durable – concrete cloth is chemically resistant and will not degrade in UV.

Fireproof – concrete cloth is a ceramic-based material and will not burn.

Fire proof chemically resistant

CONT….


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Concrete cloth cannot be over hydrated and an excess of water is always recommended.

Do not jet high pressure water directly onto the Concrete cloth as this may wash a channel in the material.

Concrete cloth has a working time of 1-2 hours after hydration. So do not move CC once it has begun to set.

Working time will be reduced in hot climates. If Concrete cloth is not fully saturated, the set may be delayed

and strength reduced.

LIMITATIONS


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Concrete cloth (CC) is a unique proprietary material. It is a time & material saving technique. It is very easy to

place & handle. Concrete cloth is a flexible; cement impregnated fabric

that hardens when hydrated to form a thin, durable, water & fire proof concrete layer.

CC allows concrete construction without the need for plant or mixing equipment. Simply position the canvas & just add water.

CC has a design life of 10 years and is significantly quicker and less expensive to install compared to conventional concrete.

It is specially used , where the workmanship is very difficult.

It is specially used in emergency works such as in military.

CONCLUSION


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1ow.co.uk-24.07.2013. IJFEAT- International journal for engineering applications and

technology pp: 2-7 “Concrete cloth and its application2. Prof. K. Srinivas and Prof. Ravinder “Concrete Cloth - Its Uses and

Application in Civil Engineering” NBM media (journal) may 2012 pp: 41-463. International Journal on Applications in Civil and Enviornmental

Engineering Volume 1: Issue 3: March 2015, pp 6-12. “Concrete cloth” 4. IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development Vol.

3, Issue 01, 2015 “study of concrete canvas in civil engineering works”5. www.cocretecanvas.co.uk “Concrete canvas-rapid infrastructure”

24.07.20136 www.buildingtomorrow.co.uk-24.07.2013

REFERENCES


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