School of Architecture, Building and Design Bachelor of Quantity Surveying (Hons) Building Material Assignment 1A- Concrete Date: 29 April 2014 Group Members: Goh Jeng Jhieh (0315080) Cassandra Wong XinYue (0313365) Wong Yun Shi (0315225) Mak Mun Choon(0314928) Liu Wei Cheng 1 | Page
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
School of Architecture, Building and Design
Bachelor of Quantity Surveying (Hons)
Building Material
Assignment 1A- Concrete
Date: 29 April 2014
Group Members:
Goh Jeng Jhieh (0315080)
Cassandra Wong XinYue (0313365)
Wong Yun Shi (0315225)
Mak Mun Choon(0314928)
Liu Wei Cheng
1 | P a g e
Content
Content Page
Front Page 1
Content 2
Introduction 3
Types of Concrete : 3A Aerated Aerated Autoclaved Concrete 4-6
: 3B Asphalt Concrete 7-11
: 3C Seacrete Concrete 12-14
: 3D Decorative Concrete 15-17
: 3I Roller Compacted Concrete 18-19
References 20-21
2 | P a g e
Introduction
3A Autoclaved Aerated Concrete
3 | P a g e
Detail view of AAC in 1mm
Definition Of AAC
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) is a comparatively new building material in
North America. Other than that, it has been widely used in Europe and also Asia
as a green construction material. The concrete is one-fifth the weight of normal
concrete and it has thermal efficiency that has the ability to reduce a building's
energy consumption by 30-40 percent. Autoclaved Aerated Concrete is easily to
cut any required shape.
Advantages
AAC has been produced more than seventy years. It also offers several
advantages over other cement construction materials. The advantages are;
AAC reduces additional material use
AAC has high thermal efficiency
Minimize waste and pollution
AAC reduce noise pollution and improve indoor air quality
AAC structure are superior to withstand fires, earthquake, and other
natural disasters
AAC structure are price competitive
Larger size lead to fast masonry work
Disadvantages
There are few disadvantages with Autoclaved Aerated Concrete, which are;
Projects far from manufacturing facilities will suffer with higher initial costs.
Contractor experience. They have to adjust to apply thin-set mortar to light
weight blocks, which is a skill that requires more precision.
Load-bearing limitation. ACC less suitable for high-rise buildings.
4 | P a g e
Material properties
AAC ranges in density from 25-50 lb with compressive strengths ranges from 290
psi to 1090 psi. It also suitable for loadbearing and non-loadbearing walls.AAC
mansory blocks are available in a variety sizes. The nominal face dimensions are
8” high by 24” long with nominal thickness of 2”, to 16”
U block Modular block
AAC – consider as green &environmental building material
Main ingredient which are quartz sand, cement, lime and water all are
available.
AAC any production waste before the final setting will be reintroduced into
the production cycle.
There is any pollution either water or air
AAC left over the site building can be recycled. Eg.foundation fill back or
crash and use for.
It no contains toxic substances
Process of making AAC
5 | P a g e
1. Raw materials which are sand, cement, lime and water.
2. Mixing the raw materials
3. Slurry was poured into mold
4. Procuring stage
5. Cake is separated from mold
6. Mold will be returned for next step
7. Cake is ready to be cut
8. Mold was cleaned
9. Mold is oiled
10.Mold closes
11.Mold returns to mixer
12.Cake is cut in to blocks or panels and waste is recycled
13.Uncured AAC placed into autoclave under steam & pressure
14.Cured AAC removed from autoclave
15.AAC is shrink wrapped and placed on pallets
16.AAC transported for shipping or to storage area
3B-ASPHALT CONCRETE
DEFINITION
Asphalt is well known as a road covering, more technically termed asphalt
concrete, but there are a few different forms in which the substance may appear.
6 | P a g e
It is a naturally occurring material present in crude oil and in natural deposits,
notably around certain bodies of water and in oil sands. This substance is found
in either liquid or semi-solid form in nature and is characterized by its high
viscosity and its sticky, black appearance. It consists almost exclusively of
bitumen, a substance composed of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
GENERAL INFORMATIONS
ROLLED ASPHALT - It is made of aggregate or
solid materials such as sand, gravel, or recycled
concrete. This type is used to make roads and
other surfaces, such as parking lots, by being
applied in layers and compacted.
HOT MIXED ASPHALT CONCRETE (HMAC) - It is produced at 320°F (160°C).
This high temperature serves to decrease viscosity and moisture during the
7 | P a g e
manufacturing process, resulting in a very durable material. HMAC is most
commonly used for high-traffic areas.
WARM MIXED ASPHALT CONCRETE (WAM OR WMA) - It reduces the
temperature required for manufacture by adding emulsions, waxes, or zeolites.
This process benefits both the environment and the workers, as it results in less
fossil fuel consumption and reduced emission of fumes.
COLD MIXED ASPHALT CONCRETE - This type of asphalt is emulsified in
soapy water before mixing it with the aggregate, eliminating the need for high
temperatures altogether. However, the resulting material is not nearly as durable
as HMAC or WAM, and it is typically used for low traffic areas or to patch