Concepts in Dental Public Health Ch 1

7/27/2019 Concepts in Dental Public Health Ch 1

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Concepts In Dental PublicHealth

Chapter 1

History and Principles of DentalPublic Health


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What Is Health?Health is a state of complete physical,

mental, and social well-being and is not

merely the absence of disease orinfirmity. (WHO World HealthOrganization)


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What Is Public Health?The science and art of preventing disease,

prolonging life, and promoting physical health

and efficiency through organizedcommunityefforts. (Winslow,1920)

Public health is peoples health. It isconcerned with the aggregate health of a

group, a community, a state, or a nation.(Knutson, 1955)


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What Is Dental Public Health?The science and art of preventing and

controlling dental diseases and promoting

dental health through organized communityefforts. It is that form of dental practice thatserves the community as a patient ratherthan the individual. It is concerned withdental health education of the public, withapplied dental research, and with theadministration of group dental care programs,as well as the prevention and control ofdental diseases on a community basis.

(ABDPH

American Board of Dental Public


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Outside Groups Health care provider groups

Citizen coalitions

Philanthropic organizations

Third-party payers

Schools Faith organizations

Businesses


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Remember! The most distinctive difference between

public health and private practice is the

concept of the community as thepatient.


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Skills Used In Dental Public

Health Assessing/diagnosing oral health needs

Planning/implementing/evaluating oral health

programs Providing educational services

Applying research

Using epidemiology

Formulating policy

Advocating

Understanding health care organization


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Core Functions of Public

HealthAssessment

Policy Development

Assurance


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Assessment Public health agencies regularly and

systematically collect, assemble,

analyze, and make information availableon the health of a community.


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Policy Development Public health agencies serve the public

interest by promoting the use of

scientific knowledge in the developmentof comprehensive public health policies.


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Assurance Public health agencies assure their

constituents that services necessary to

achieve goals are provided. These services must be made available

to every member of the community.


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The Purpose of Public Health Prevent epidemics and spread of

disease

Protects against environmental hazards Prevents injuries

Promotes/encourages healthy behaviors

Responds to disastersAssures quality and accessibility of

health services


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What Is A Public Health

Problem?Two Criteria:

1. A condition or situation that is a

widespread actual or potential causeof morbidity or mortality.

2. A perception by the public,

government, public health authoritiesthat the condition is a public healthproblem.


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Examples of Public Health

Problems Bioterrorism

West Nile Virus

SARS (Severe Acute RespiratorySyndrome)

Auto safety

Water purification

Oral disease


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Phases of Public Health First Phase (1849-1900)

Public health dealt with elimination and

control of disease b/c of rapid growth ofindustry and crowded and poor workingconditions.


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Phases Of Public Health Second Phase (1880-1930)

Population based prevention strategies

Immunizations

Reduction of effects of diseases


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Phases Of Public Health Third Phase (1930-1975)

Treatment of disease through complex

medical treatments

Infectious diseases eradicated

Cures for acute health problems


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Phases Of Public Health Fourth Phase

We are in it now!

Technology used in treatment Longer life expectancy = more health

issues

Encourage healthy lifestyle choices (notsmoking)

Global issues


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ADHA Role in Public Health Mission: to improve the publics total

health.

Early profession of dental hygiene wasprepared to provide education andtreatment in the community setting.


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Public Health Achievements Vaccination

Motor vehicle safety

Workplace safety

Infectious disease control

Reduction in death from CHD and stroke

Safer and healthier food

Healthier mothers and babies

Family planning

Fluoridated drinking water

Tobacco use recognized as a health hazard


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Healthy People 2020 Comprehensive, nationwide, health

promotion and disease prevention plan

1200 (approx) objectives

42 focus areas (including dentistry)

Progress tracked by National Center forHealth Statistics


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Surgeon Generals Report On

Oral Health Released in May 2000

First report from Surgeon General on oral

health in 50 year history Primary message is that oral health is a part

of general health and well-being of patients

States that there are profound disparities inoral health in America. (children, elderly,disabled, ethnic groups)


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Public Health Infrastructure See textbook page 11

15 departments of government

Public health falls under Department ofHealth and Human Services

IMPORTANT: Global health also affectsthe health of the local population. (ie

AIDS, and SARS)

Concepts in Dental Public Health Ch 1

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