CONCEPTOS GENERALES Y VOCABULARIO BÁSICO DE LA ELECTRICIDAD Inglés Técnico Ejercicios de Traducción, Comprensión y Asociación Visual V. M. Ortega Departamento de Estudios Generales y Básicos Vice-Rectorado Barquisimeto, Unexpo Barquisimeto, 2006 Dibujos: Jimmy Salcedo
94
Embed
CONCEPTOS GENERALES Y VOCABULARIO BÁSICO DE LA ELECTRICIDADapunexpo.com/.../guia-electricidad.pdf · CONCEPTOS GENERALES Y VOCABULARIO BÁSICO DE LA ELECTRICIDAD Inglés Técnico
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
INSTRUCCIONES PARA EL ALUMNO.............................................................................................IV
I. ELECTRONS.........................................................................................................................................VI
II. ATTRACTION AND REPULSION...................................................................................................10
III. CONNECTIONS AND EXTENSION...............................................................................................13
IV. POTENTIAL........................................................................................................................................19
V. CIRCUITS.............................................................................................................................................22
VI. VARIETIES OF CIRCUITS..............................................................................................................29
VII. OHM’S LAW.....................................................................................................................................38
VIII. ELECTRICAL WAVES..................................................................................................................46
IX. WAVE WORDS...................................................................................................................................51
XI. COMPONENTS..................................................................................................................................71
ii
PREFACIO
Este folleto práctico ha sido elaborado primordialmente para el estudiante de Electricidad que ya tiene un conocimiento más o menos sólido de los elementos básicos del inglés escrito, y que desea o se ve obligado a consultar con cierta frecuencia revistas, manuales, textos, etc. relacionados con su carrera. El objeto del mismo es enseñarle el idioma tal como se usa en las disciplinas mencionadas, es decir, en los conceptos o tópicos fundamentales de este campo en particular. Es obvio, por lo tanto, que no se trata de enseñarle Electricidad, sino más bien entrenarle en la comprensión escrita del inglés a través de temas que él ya conoce en su propio idioma, evitando así que estos temas se conviertan en obstáculos para el aprendizaje lingüístico y al mismo tiempo reforzando esos mismos conocimientos al verlos ahora bajo una perspectiva diferente.
El folleto es, como ya asomamos, eminentemente práctico. De hecho es un constante ejercicio de comprensión en diversas facetas, desde la primera página hasta la última. En él se incluye gran variedad de ítems para auto-evaluación, tanto escritos como gráficos, ya que se pretende establecer el mayor número posible de alternativas que ayuden al alumno a retener mejor ciertos conceptos y ciertos términos. La idea fundamental es darle al estudiante toda la laxitud posible para que pueda a su vez desarrollar su propio estilo o su propio modo de aprender.
En cuanto a los contenidos, los mismos han sido revisados cuidadosamente por el Ing. Luis Roberti, del Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica del Vice-Rectorado Barquisimeto de la Unexpo, quien encontró que los contextos de Electricidad utilizados en este folleto se ajustan a la verdad científica tal y como se conoce actualmente en dicha área.
iii
INSTRUCCIONES PARA EL ALUMNO
La mayoría de los ejercicios de los cuales consta este folleto se explican al comienzo de cada uno de ellos, sin embargo es bueno detallar uno poco más los procedimientos involucrados en los mismos. Vamos a hacerlo por partes, es decir, con cada tipo de ejercicio.
Tipos de Ejercicio
Colocar la expresión correspondiente en el espacio en blanco numerado (Técnica Cloze). Este ejercicio pretende evaluar su habilidad para hilvanar las ideas y vocablos de un trozo cualquiera. Por ello se espera que Ud., luego de analizar y estudiar cada uno de los términos dejados afuera, pueda colocarlos en el lugar más preciso de acuerdo al trozo. En los casos que presenten dificultades de una u otra índole, el profesor le ayudará a aclarar cualquier duda. De cualquier forma tiene a su disposición la grabación en cinta magnética de todos los temas del folleto, en dos velocidades: normal y lenta, con las cuales podrá comprobar la veracidad de lo hecho por Ud.
Seleccionar la alternativa correcta que completa cada uno de los enunciados. En este tipo de ejercicio, que se denomina de alternativa o selección múltiple, Ud. tiene que escoger la alternativa que al unirse al enunciado dado, expresa una idea, concepto o afirmación válida o correcta. Se supone que las restantes alternativas son “falsas” y sólo están allí como distracciones para aquellos que no han entendido bien y/o tratan de adivinar la solución correcta.
Marque verdadero (V) o falso (F). Es evidente que de lo que se trata es que Ud. determine si un enunciado equis dado es correcto o válido o si por el contrario es una falsedad o es parcialmente falso. Es decir que Ud. debe marcar como falso cualquier enunciado que no sea totalmente verdadero.
Seleccionar la alternativa correcta que corresponde con el gráfico o dibujo dado. Este es parecido al anterior sólo que en vez de un enunciado al alumno se le da un dibujo o gráfico que representa un proceso, un esquema o cualquier concepto y debe escoger entre las cuatro alternativas cuál es la que corresponde con el dibujo o gráfico.
Seleccionar la palabra o palabras que completan un enunciado. Este tipo de ejercicio también es de alternativa múltiple pero en él se han sacado una o dos palabras las cuales lo completan. El alumno debe determinar cuál(es) son esa(s) palabra(s) seleccionándola(s) de entre las alternativas dadas.
Aparear definiciones de conceptos con el concepto mismo. Es decir, que el alumno debe “ponerle nombre” (de los dados en el ejercicio) a cada una de las definiciones o descripciones que se listan en el ejercicio. Este ejercicio es un poco más complicado ya que el alumno además de entender el inglés, debe también conocer los conceptos, o por lo menos debe investigarlos para así poder resolver el ejercicio satisfactoriamente.
Traducir y/o definir vocablos. Este es otro ejercicio que tiene por objeto el que el alumno investigue más o menos con cierta profundidad sobre ciertos términos o
iv
vocablos, en diccionarios especializados, de manera que logre una mejor retención de lo que ellos significan y de su equivalencia en nuestra lengua.
Ordenar frases y oraciones en su secuencia gramatical y retórica más adecuada, para formar párrafos coherentes. Este es un ejercicio que se puede hacer muy complicado. Se trata de ordenar frases u oraciones “desordenadas”, es decir, que se ha tomado un texto cualquiera y se ha cambiado el orden lógico de algunas oraciones, o se ha cambiado la secuencia, para que el alumno demuestre su habilidad de coherencia al reordenarlas tal como debe ser. Aquí el alumno debe recordar que las palabras escritas con mayúscula por lo general siempre comienzan una oración o frase, mientras que las palabras escritas en minúscula no. He allí un dato que puede servirle mucho en este tipo de ejercicio.
Ponerle el nombre en español o en inglés a partes de aparatos, procesos, esquemas, etc. En este tipo de ejercicio se da un dibujo más o menos detallado de algo que tenga que ver con los temas tratados y se le pide al alumno que en la parte de abajo coloque el equivalente castellano de las partes numeradas en el dibujo o que determine el nombre en inglés de lo que el gráfico describe.
Hay otros ejercicios, pero los mismos o son muy parecidos a algunos de los ya detallados aquí o se explican por sí solos.
v
I. ELECTRONS
A. Coloque la expresión correspondiente en el espacio en blanco numerado (si es necesario escuche las grabaciones del tema).
plus most subatomic protons atommade up hovers each other minus there
What is an electron? First and (1) ___________________ important, an electron is
a (2) ____________________ particle. It is one of the constituents of matter, one of
the constituents of the (3) __________________. The others, remember, are the
proton and the neutron. An electron (4) _________________ around the nucleus of
an atom, and the nucleus is (5) _____________________ of a cluster of all the
protons and neutrons of that atom. The protons have a positive, or (6)
_____________________, neutrons of that atom. The electrons have a negative, or
(7) _____________________, electrical charge. (8) ____________________ is
always the same number of electrons as (9) ____________________ in an atom, so
the electrical charges balance (10) _____________________, one plus for each
minus.
which another together them fewoutermost may but tightly none
When many atoms get (11) _______________________ they form a material
substance. This substance (12) _______________________ be crystalline or
amorphous. In any material, (13) _______________________ more usually in one
that is composed of crystals (as any metal is), the electrons (14) _____________
hover around the nucleus in the (15) _______________________ orbits, or shells,
are not held very (16) _______________________, and they can move from one
atom to (17) _______________________. These “loose” electrons are “available”.
When there are a lot of (18) _______________________ in a material it is a
conductor, when there are (19) _______________________ the material is an
insulator, and when there are only a (20) _______________________, the material
is a semi-conductor.
vi
slowly beaters on jumpy everthan having take one out
Electrons are very nervous and (21) _______________________ and they move
around all the time. They move quickly or (22) _______________________, but as
they move they make lights go (23) _______________________, engines run,
photographs play and egg (24) _______________________ beat eggs. They make
more remarkable inventions work than Edison (25)_______________________
dreamt about, and they solve more mathematical problems (of certain sorts) (26)
_______________________ the wisest mathematician could (27)
_______________________ on in a million years. Electrons are always (28)
_______________________ adventures, and they always come (29)
_______________________ of adventures completely unchanged and ready for the
next (30) _______________________.
plugs such found which throughthan tubes circuit middle bulbs
Electrons are (31) _______________________ in crystals, in chemical solutions, in
the (32) _______________________ of the air, in vacuum, in conductors, resistors,
D. Seleccione el tipo correcto de circuito representado en cada uno de los siguientes
gráficos:
1.a. flip-flop
b. delta-zig-zag
c. capacitance-coupled
d. Franklin
2. a. push-pull
b. demodulator
c. gating
d. inductance-coupled
3.
a. direct-coupled
b. bridged-t-network
c. saw-tooth generator
d. capacitance-coupled
4. a. attenuator network
b. Hartley
c. inductance-coupled
d. video amplifier
5.
a. Miller
b. delta-zig-zag
c. Darlington amplifier
d. binary
6. a. full-wave rectifier
b. relation oscillator
c. mixer
d. delay line
33
7. a. Eccles-Jordan
b. Cascade
c. Rectifying
d. H-network8.
a. colpitts
b. integrating
c. scaler
d. limiting
9.a. comparator
b. Franklin
c. memory
d. inverter
10.a. o-network
b. squaring
c. doubler
d. feedback
11.
a. parallel-resonant
b. phase shifter
c. parallel-t network
d. multivibrator
34
12. a. remote cutoff
b. trigger
c. tuned
d. Pi network
13. a. sweep
b. series
c. storage
d. transmission line
14. a. wye
b. triac
c. delta
d. simple switch15. a. T-network
b. Loop
c. counting
d. accumulator16.
a. Anderson bridge
b. blocking oscillator
c. wheatstone bridge
d. differentiator
17.a. clipping
b. capacitance-divider
c. equivalent
d. integrator
18.
a. video amplifier
b. sample and hold
c. stabilization
d. chopping
What is the name in English for this device?
________________________________________
35
(1) _____________________________
(2) _____________________________
(3) _____________________________
(4) _____________________________
(5) _____________________________
(6) _____________________________
(7) _____________________________
(8) _____________________________
(9) _____________________________
(10) ____________________________
(11) ____________________________
(12) ____________________________
(13) ____________________________
(14) ____________________________
36
(1) _____________________________
(2) _____________________________
(3) _____________________________
(4) _____________________________
(5) _____________________________
(6) _____________________________
(7) _____________________________
(8) _____________________________
(9) _____________________________
37
VII. OHM’S LAW
A. Coloque la expresión correspondiente en el espacio en blanco numerado (si
es necesario escuche las grabaciones del tema).
get an idea named after flows more easilyA narrow one as you know dealing withIf you think who contributed he did muchthat lead to specific quite a few
A measure of what is meant four-lane road
(1) ____________________, some words that you will encounter over and
over again in material (2) ____________________ electricity are derived from the
of four physicists (3) ____________________ to the study of various aspects of
electricity. The coulomb (4) ____________________ the Frenchman Charles
Augustin de Coulomb (1736-1806), is a (5) ____________________ of electrons
actually, it is (6) ____________________ billion electrons.
An abcoulomb is ten coulombs. An ohm is (7) ____________________ the
resistance that something offers to the flow of electric current. It is named after the
German physicist George Simon Ohm (1787-1854). You will (8) _______________
of (9) ________________________________________ by electrical resistance
(10)____________________ about cars moving on a crowded highway. Cars can
flow faster on a highway with four lanes that on one with only one lane. The
(11)____________________ offers less “resistance” than the one-lane road does.
Similarly, an electric current (12) ____________________ through a wire that
through (13) ____________________ current (12) ____________________ through
a wide wire than through (13) ____________________ current. The unit of
resistance is named after Ohm because (14) ____________________ of the
fundamental experimental work (15) ____________________ the understanding of
the concept.
38
also known as named after we said thatpast a point it turns out a unit for
spelled backwards for example a concept withbound together and so on also given in
As (16) ____________________, the opposite (or inverse, as the physicist
would say) of resistance also is (17) ____________________ physical significance.
It called conductance and is measured in MHOS (that as you already know, is OHM
(18) ____________________). Mathematically,
So (19) ___________________, anything that has 0.1 mhos of conductance
has 10 ohms of resistance.
An ampere is (20) ____________________ current flow. When 1 coulomb
of electrons flows (21) ____________________ in one second, you have an electric
current of 1 ampere. The ampere is (22) ____________________ André Marie
Ampére, who was a French physicist (1775-1836).
From the last section you may remember the volt (named after the Italian
ount Alessandro Volta, 1745-1827). There “voltage” in a battery. Voltage is
(24)____________________ electromotive force or emf or EMF or e.m.f., so these
are (25) ____________________ volts. This international quartet of physicists is
(26) ____________________ by law which is named Ohm: Ohm’s law. It says that:
A coulomb per second - that is, an ampere - will flow through a
conducting wire of resistance of the one ohm, when pushed with a force
of one volt.
Then, if there are 2 volts, there will be 2 amperes, and if there are 3 volts
there will be “amps”, (27) ____________________.
39
mhosx
xohm1
B. Seleccione la alternativa correcta que completa cada uno de los enunciados
siguientes:
1. If there are 2 ohms there will be ____________________ the
resistance that there was to start and the flow will be
____________________ of what it was at first, or half an ampere.
a. half, twice
b. half, half
c. twice, half
d. twice, twice
2. If you plug a toaster into an electrical socket and the toaster has ten
ohms of resistance, the amount of current “drawn” or pulled from the
socket so that the voltage be 110 should be.
a. one ampere
b. eleven amperes
c. one hundred ampere
d. one hundred-twenty amperes
3. A coulomb is a unit that represents a certain number of:
a. Volts
b. Amperes
c. Ohms
d. Electrons
4. The unit that describes the resistance to current flow offered by a
conductor is the:
a. Ohm
b. Ampere
c. Volt
d. Mho
C. Marque verdadero (V) o falso (F)
1. An ampere is a unit that describes the rate of flow of electrons.
_________
2. A volt measures electromotive force but this force is not equivalent to
voltage. _________
40
3. Resistance to the flow of electrical current is also measured in mhos.
_________
4. Resistance is a property of substances that results in the dissipation of
power in the form of heat. _________
5. The resistance of conductors depends not on their dimensions, material
and temperature but on their availability. _________
6. Resistance is also the name given to a circuit element designed to offer a
predetermined resistance to current. _________
7. Voltage can be said to be electrical pressure. _________
D. Cada uno de estos conceptos:
conductance voltage amplifier resistance balanceohmic conducted heat conduction current
ampere-turn voltage attenuation resistance furnaceresistance box resistance coupling voltage gradient
Corresponde con una de las definiciones dadas a continuación. Coloque el
número adecuado en cada uno de los espacios en blanco numerados, de
acuerdo con la definición.
1. ___________________________
A device used specifically to increase voltage. It is usually capable of
delivering only a small current.
2. ___________________________
Ratio of the voltage across the input of a transducer, to the voltage
delivered to a specified load impendence connected to the transducer.
3. ___________________________
The amount of resistance which is required to null the output of certain
transducers or input systems.
4. ___________________________
An assembly of resistors and the necessary switching or other means for
changing the resistance connected across its input terminals by known, fixed
amounts.
41
5. ___________________________
The association of circuits with one another by means of the mutual
resistance between circuits.
6. ___________________________
The voltage per unit length along a resistor or other conductive path.
7. ___________________________
An electric device in with the heat is developed by the passage of current
through a suitable resistor, which may be charge itself or a resistor imbedded
in or surrounding the charge.
8. ___________________________
A measure of magnetomotive force, especially as developed by an
electrician, defined as magnetomotive force developed by a coil of one turn
through which a current of one ampere flows; that is, 1.26 Gilberts.
9. ___________________________
In an element device, branch, network or system, the physical property
that is the factor by which the square of an instantaneous voltage must be
multiplied to give the corresponding energy lost by dissipation as heat or
other permanent radiation or by loss of electromagnetic energy from the
circuit.
10. ___________________________
Thermal energy transferred by thermal conduction.
11. ___________________________
The power flow parallel to the direction of propagation, expressed in
mhos/meter.
12. ___________________________
The energy imparted to charged particles as they respond to an electric
field and make collisions with other particles.
42
E. Seleccione la alternativa correcta que corresponde con la representación
gráfica dada:
1.a. voltage-regulator tube
b. tube socket
c. tube tester
d. tube shield
2.a. double-pole switch
b. simple switch
c. vacuum tube switch
d. torac switch
3.
a. owen bridge
b. wheatstone bridge
c. Anderson bridge
d. Kelvin bridge
4.
a. coupling capacitor
b. RC coupling
c. RC circuit
d. RC amplifier
43
(1) ___________________________
(2) ___________________________
(3) ___________________________
(4) ___________________________
(5) ___________________________
(6) ___________________________
(7) ___________________________
(8) ___________________________
(9) ___________________________
(10) __________________________
44
(1) ___________________________
(2) ___________________________
(3) ___________________________
(4) ___________________________
(5) ___________________________
(6) ___________________________
(7) ___________________________
(8) ___________________________
(9) ___________________________
(10) __________________________
(11) __________________________
(12) __________________________
(13) __________________________
(14) __________________________
45
VIII. ELECTRICAL WAVES
A. Coloque la expresión correspondiente en el espacio en blanco numerado
(si es necesario escuche las grabaciones del tema).
may be called wave phenomenon comes out offlows out voltage supplying it do minus and back
and which one changing its mind do the terms…back to plus like those of straightforward surge
it is as though words of waves indeed they do
Electricity is a (1) _____________________. But is does not need to be all
the time. Electricity from a battery is not a wave. It (2) _____________________ of
a battery in a simple, (3) _____________________ or flow-in a direct current. But
most of our electricity (4) _____________________ well plugs, and is not direct
current. It is alternating current. And alternating current alternates in waves.
What is alternating current? A current alternates when the
(5)_____________________ is alternating. This means that the voltage keeps
changing from plus to minus, (6) _____________________ again, and so on. These
changes from plus (7) _____________________ are known as changes of polarity.
(8) _____________________ the battery pictured if Fig. 3 were to keep
(9)_____________________ about which terminal should be the positive terminal
(10) _____________________ should be the negative terminal, and was changing
its mind very quickly, and regularly. That is, repeated and periodic changes of
direction (11) _____________________ the pendulum. So each periodic change of
polarity may be called a cycle, or an oscillation, and the time of each cycle
(12)_____________________ a period. These are the familiar
(13)_____________________ the same words you meet in acoustics, mechanics,
optics and heat. (14) _____________________, amplitude, wavelength, phase,
frequency and other related terms apply here too? (15) _____________________.
The universe keeps the same patterns over and over and over again.
46
One of the oldest that is why making-electricitycarried from if direct current loop of wire
From plus to minus driven by water how largewhen you want roughly explain so that as
set up that are used who even heard
There is still one very important question to be answered:
(16)_____________________ of battery that keeps changing its terminals
(17)_____________________ and minus to plus? There is not such a battery; but
there is something else; the dynamo or generator. A dynamo or generator is another
way (19) _____________________ to make large quantities of electricity.
Before we (20) __________________________ what a generator is, let’s
first point out that most of the machines invented by man go round and round. (21)
_____________________ the wheel is considered the greatest of our inventions. It
is so much a part of so many things.
Probably (22)_____________________
ways to get wheels to go round and round is
by using water power. In Fig. 4 we can see
how a waterwheel, that is, a wheel
(23)_____________________ power, works.
No matter (24)_____________________ a
waterwheel is (and some
(25)_________________ in modern power
stations are truly enormous), it always works in a similar way.
A waterwheel may be attached to a (26) _____________________ (or, if it
is a large wheel, to many loops of wire). If the loops are arranged
(27)_____________________ they turn they move past a magnet, an electric current
is (28) _____________________ in the wire. A generator, then ordinarily produces
alternating current. The current is (29) _____________________ by electrical
contacts called brushes. (30) _____________________ is desired; it can be obtained
from the same generator by inserting a commutator.
47
as a result and so on that is whatleads us for each one the one
if we want what if out of the otherone of which phase changing which may be
put into works backwards in order tomay not want of both when compared
That last paragraph in the previous section brings us to electric motors.
Motors are everywhere. Most ordinary modern homes certain do tens of motors: in
refrigerators, electrics fans, electric mixers, hair dyers, phonograph turntables, can
openers, washing machines, (31) _____________________. What is a motor? It is a
generator or dynamo that (32) _____________________ if we turn a wheel (with
water power) we can get electricity out; in the same way if electricity is
(33)_____________________ a wheel, it turns. And (34) _____________________
all motors do. They round and round and round and do useful work
(35)_____________________ of our feeding electricity to them.
This (36) _____________________ into rectification. What is this?
Electrical engineers and physicists make good use (37) _____________________
direct current and alternating current. There are special uses
(38)_____________________ and the engineer uses (39) _____________________
he needs for particular job. He has invented many ways to make one
(40)_____________________, for example, your automobile has a battery and that
gives direct current but your car radio (41) _____________________ direct current.
So your car may have an alternator or a converter or a vibrator, any
(42)_____________________ can convert direct current into alternating current.
(43) _____________________ the engineer has alternating current and he wants to
convert it into a direct current? He may use a rectifier,
(44)_____________________ part of a power supply. We even have devices
(circuits) that can make alternating waves alternate “too late” or “too soon”
(45)_____________________ with other electrical waves. These waves are “out of
phase” or, like some music, out of tune. (46) _____________________ waves to be
out of phase on purpose, a (47) _____________________ circuit or network or a
delay line, may be used (48) _____________________ make the waves lead or lag.
48
the greater so far that is howon the ones so fast how fasthow high can ever which simplefaster set faster and faster another set
A higher set are now used
(49) _______________________ we have talked about alternating current,
but we have said nothing about (50) _______________________ it may alternate.
The fact is that the frequency of alternation can be (51) _______________________
that no river turning a waterwheel (52) _______________________ cause electrical
oscillations even one-billionth the speed (53) _______________________ used in
the most modern electrical systems, there fore it is good to make electrical waves
that alternate at (54) _______________________ frequencies. (Since, the higher
frequencies, (55) _______________________ number of television stations you can
have for example). But engineers never predicted (56) _______________________
the frequencies would actually become as new equipment was invented and
developed. (57) _______________________ they got into trouble with names. They
ran out of names for the different classifications of high frequencies, and the
frequency ranges they did names, they named badly.
Start with audio frequency (af), (58) _______________________ means a
frequency our ears can hear. The next (59) _______________________ of
frequencies (those used in radio) was called the radio frequencies (RF).
When stations were added and communications increased
(60)_______________________ of frequency band, called the high frequencies (hf)
was added. The next extension of frequency was called very high frequency (vhf),
and for television (611) _______________________ of frequencies, ultra-high
frequencies (uhf). Since this sort of classification could not be used for higher
frequencies, letters (62) _______________________ to name the various frequency
ranges. So we now have S band, X band, K band, KU band and L band, besides
those already mentioned.
that can that are become higherThe longest ones given time which is just
If the number who work are known as
49
As frequencies (63) ______________________, many more waves are
crowded into (64) ______________________ interval (like a second). In fact,
kilocycle waves (RF) vibrate on the order of thousands of times in a second.
(65)______________________ of vibrations in one second is high, then for one
wave to pass is very short. So shortwave radio works on waves of short wavelength,
(66) ______________________ another way of saying “very-high frequency”.
All electrical waves have wavelengths (67) ______________________
measurable; (68) ______________________ (shortest frequency) are meter waves
and we go right through metric system of length measurement to centimetre waves,
millimetre waves, and micron waves. Frequencies that are in the higher ranges
(69)______________________ microwave frequencies, to show that the
wavelengths associated with them are very small. Engineers
(70)______________________ with waves of these frequencies are called
microwave engineers. The electrical components (71) ______________________
handle these frequencies are called microwave components, the circuits are called
microwave circuits, and the whole field is called microwave engineering.
50
IX. WAVE WORDS
The following lists of words are words that pertain to the wave nature of
electricity, and because some are not exclusive to this field, here will also find
words related to voltage and circuits and several units used throughout electricity.
As we did with the section on varieties of circuits we are going to divide these
words according to certain orthographic characteristics so that they will be more
easily assimilated by the student.
Group 1. Includes all those terms that are orthographically analogous to the
corresponding terms in Spanish, therefore facilitating a faster understanding of the
term. “Amplitude”, for instance, can be easily related to the Spanish equivalent
“amplitude”.
Cicle Period Oscillation AmplitudeSinusoidal Phase Frequency PolarityPotential Watt Corona Selectivity