Concept and Theory Communication and Therapeutic Communication

7/24/2019 Concept and Theory Communication and Therapeutic Communication

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CONCEPT AND THEORY

COMMUNICATION ANDTHERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION

By 4th group

Aysha Amelia 1511314014Dzikra Fitria Amita 1511314025

Muthiah Tri Zuhriani 151131401!i"ha #ayati 1511314015

!ahimah Fe$rialisa 1511314020


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Defnition oCommunication

Communication is an essential part opatient-centere nursin! care" Patient saetl#also re$uires e%ecti&e communication amon!

mem'ers o t(e (ealt( care team as patientmo&e rom one care!i&er to anot(er o romone care settin! to anot(er" )rea*o+n incommunication amon! t(e (ealt( care team

is a ma,or cause o errors in +or*place ant(reatens pro%esionals crei'illit# .orlHealt( Or!ani/ation0 12234"


3/22

T(eor# o Communication

%ass&ell's mo"el (Mo"el %ass&ell)

Communication t(eor# +(ic( is consiere t(e

earliest 56784" 9ass+ell eclare t(at t(e 'est+a# to e:plain t(e process o communication is toans+er t(e $uestion; .(o sa#s in t(e +(ic(c(annel to .(om +it( +(at e%ect .(o saian#t(in! t(rou!( +(at c(annel to +(om +it( +(ate%ect4" Ans+ers to $uestions parai!matic;

9ass+ell +as t(e elements o t(e communicationprocess t(at Communicator communicator40Messa!e messa!e40 Meia meia40 recei&ercommunicant < recei&er40 an E%ec* e%ect4"


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*+,+! Theory (Theory *+,+!)

=OR t(eor# stans =timulus-Or!anism-Response

T(is all stems rom ps#c(olo!#" Material o',ect o

ps#c(olo!# an communication science is t(esame0 namel# (uman soul inclues components;attitues0 opinions0 'e(a&iors0 co!nition a%ectionan *onasi"Accorin! to t(e stimulus o t(is response e%ects

are specifc reactions to specifc stimuli so t(atone can e:pect an preict compati'ilit# 'et+eent(e messa!e an t(e reaction communicant"


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The Mathemati-al Theory o./ommuni-ation (Mathemati-al Theory o./ommuni-ation)

T(is mat(ematical t(eor# is oten calle a moel

o =(annon an .ea&er0 'ecause t(e t(eor# o(uman communication +(ic( appeare in 56760 isa usion o ieas Claue E" =(annon an .arrenEa&er" =(annon in 5678 e:plores t(e mat(ematical

t(eor# o communication en!ineerin!communication en!ineerin!40 t(en +it( .arren in5676 applie to t(e process o (umancommunication (uman communication4"


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/ommuni-ation Theory t&o stages an"interpersonal inuen-e

T(is t(eor# ori!inate rom researc( results Paul

9a/arsel et al a'out t(e e%ects o mass meia int(e election campai!n in 5672" T(e stu# +asconucte +it( t(e assumption t(at t(e stimulus+or*e to prouce t(e e%ect o mass meia"Ho+e&er0 researc( s(o+s ot(er+ise" T(e e%ects o

mass meia is lo+ an t(e assumption o stimulusresponse oes not ae$uatel# escri'e t(e realit#o t(e mass meia auience in t(e isseminationo inormation >o+ an etermine pu'lic opinion"


7/22

Theory o. Depen"en-y (Depen"en-yTheory)

Depenence on meia t(eor# ori!inall# state '#

=anra )all-Ro*eac( an Mel&in De>eur" =uc( ast(e uses an !ratifcations t(eor#0 t(is approac(also re,ecte t(e initial (#pot(esis o a causalassumptions reinorcement" To o&ercome t(isra+'ac*0 t(e aut(or is ta*in! a s#stems

approac( urt(er" In t(eir moel t(e# propose aninte!ral relations(ip 'et+een t(e auience0 t(emeia" an t(e lar!er social s#stem"


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9e&els o Communication

ntrapersonal /ommuni-ationIntrapersonal communication is a po+erul orm ocommunication t(at occurs +it(in an ini&iual"T(is le&el o communication is also calle self-talk0self-verbalization, or innerthought. People?st(ou!(ts stron!l# in>uence perceptions0 eelin!0'e(a&ior0 an sel-concept" You nee to 'e a+areo t(e nature an content o #our o+n t(in*in!"

=el-tal* pro&ies a mental re(earsal or i@culttas*s or situations so ini&iuals eal +it( t(emmore e%ecti&el# an +it( increase confencei'son an Boster01223.(ite012284


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terpersonal /ommuni-ation

Interpersonal communication is one-on-oneinteraction 'et+een a nurse an anot(er

person t(at oten occurs ace to ace" It is t(ele&el most re$uentl# use in nursin!situations an lies at t(e (eart o nursin!practice" Meanin!ul interpersonal

communication result in e:c(an!e o ieas0pro'lem sol&in!0 e:pression o ealin!0ecision ma*in!0 !oal accomplis(ment0 team'ilin!0 an personal !ro+t("


10/22

Transpersonal /ommuni-ationTranspersonal communication is

interaction t(at occurs +it(in aperson?s spiritual omain" =tu# ot(e in>uence o reli!ion anspiritualit# (as increase

ramaticall# in recent #ears anon!oin! researc( (elps usunerstan t(e role o nurse in

aressin! a patient?s spiritual nees


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*mall+group /ommuni-ation

Is interaction t(at occurs +(en a smallnum'er o person meet" T(is t#pe o

communication is usuall# !oal irecte anre$uires an uerstanin! o !roup #namic".(en nurse +or* on committees0 leapatient support !roups0orm researc( teams0

or participate in patient care conerence0t(e# use a small-!roup communicationprocess" Arnol an )o!!s012554


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u$li- -ommuni-ationIs interaction +it( an auience" Pu'liccommunication re$uires specialaaptations in e#e contact0 !estures0&oice in>ection0 an use o meiamaterials to communicate

meessa!es e%ecti&el#


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)asic Element o T(eCommunication Process

!e.erentT(e reerent moti&ates one person to communicate +it( anot(er"In a (ealt( care settin! si!(ts0 souns0 oors0 time sc(eules0messa!es0 o',ects0 emotions0 sensation0 perceptions0 ieas0 anot(er cues initiate communication"

*en"er an" !e-eierT(e sener is t(e person +(o encoes an eli&ers t(e messa!e0an t(e recei&er is t(e person +(o recei&es an ecoes t(emessa!e"

Messages

Is t(e content o t(e communication0 it contains &er'al0 non&er'al0an s#m'olic lan!ua!e"

/hannelsC(annels are means o con&e#in! an recei&in! messa!e t(rou(!&isual0 auitor#0 an tectile senses"


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Fee"$a-kBee'ac* is t(e messa!e t(e recei&er returns0 itinicates +(et(er t(e recei&er unerstoo t(emeanin! o t(e sener?s messa!e"

nterpersonal aria$lesInterpersonal &aria'le are actor +it(in 'ot( t(esener an recei&er t(at in>uence communication"

nironment

T(e en&ironment is t(e settin! or sener-recei&erinteraction" Bor e%ecti&e communication t(een&ironment to meet participant nees or p(#sicalan emotional comort an saet#"


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Borm o Communication

er$al /ommuni-ation

er'al communication uses spo*en or +ritten +ors" oca'ular# ; Communication is unsuccessul i seners an

recei&ers cannot translate one anot(er?s+ors an p(rases"

Denotati&e an Connotati&e Meanin! ; =ome +ors (a&e se&eralmeanin!s"

Pacin! ; Con&ersation is more successul at an appropriate speeor pace"

Intonation ; Tone o &oice ramaticall# a%ects t(e meanin! o amessa!e"

Clarit# an )re&it# ; e%ecti&e communication is simple0 'rie0 anirect"

Timin! an Rela&ance ; Timin! is critical is communication" E&entt(ou!( a messa!e is clear0 poor timin! pre&ents it rom 'ein!e%ecti&e"


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6oner$al /ommuni-ationNon&er'al communication inclues t(e

f&e senses an e&er#t(in! t(at oes not

in&ol&e t( spo*en or +ritten +or" T(usnon&er'al communication is unconsciousl#moti&ate an more accuratel# inicates aperson intene meanin! t(an t(e spo*en+ors ones012264


17/22

*ym$oli- /ommuni-ationoo comminication re$uires a+areness o s#m'oliccommunication0 t(e &er'al an non&er'al s#m'olism use'# ot(ers to con&e# meanin!" Art( an music are orm o

s#m'olic communication use '# nurses to enc(aneunerstanin! an promote (ealin!" 9ane 122F4 oun t(atcreati&e e:pressions suc( as art0 music0 an ance (a&e a(ealin! e%ect on patient"

Meta-ommuni-ationMetacommunication is a 'roa term t(at reers to all atorst(at in>uence communication" A+areness o in>uencin!actors (elps people 'etter unerstan +(at iscommunicate Alnor an )o!!s012554

T( ti


18/22

T(erapeuticCommunication

T(erapeutic communication is t(e a'ilit# or t(es*ills o nurses to (elp clients aapt to stress0cope +it( pat(olo!ical isorers an learnin!

(o+ to relate to ot(er people" Nort(ouse056684"Accorin! to =tuart . 56684 sai t(erapeuticcommunication is an interpersonal relations(ip'et+een nurses an clients in impro&in! clientin t(is relations(ip t(e nurse an t(e client too'tain a s(are learnin! e:perience in orer toimpro&e t(e emotional e:perience o t(e client"

) ft ) i


19/22

)enefts o )ein!T(erapeutic

)# proession as a nurse0 t(en 'ecomest(erapeutic is a manator# t(in! to o anis e:pecte to 'e contri'ute in ma*in!

(ealt( care < nursin! to societ#" )ecomet(erapeutic means to ma*e onesel nursesas a means to acilitate t(e (ealin!process in t(is case t(e nurse uses

t(erapeutic communication as in!reients"


20/22

T(erapeutic CommunicationO',ecti&es

Bor pri&ate clients e&elop to+ars a more positi&e < aapti&ean irecte t(e !ro+t( o t(e client; The realization7 sel.+a--eptan-e7 improe" sel. respe-t8

T(rou!( t(erapeutic communication is e:pecte to c(an!e+it(in t(e client" Clients +(o +as not a'le to acceptt(emsel&es as suc( or lo+ sel-esteem0 ater communicatin!+it( t(e t(erapeutic nurse +ill 'e a'le to accept t(emsel&es" The a$ility to $uil" interpersonal relationships that are

not super9-ial an" inter"epen"ent &ith others8

T(rou!( t(erapeutic communication0 clients learn (o+ to

accept an +elcome ot(ers" .it( open communication0(onest0 acceptin! t(e client is0 t(e nurses +ill impro&e t(eclientGs a'ilit# to 'uil a trustin! relations(ip" Hi'on0 ="012224"


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mproe" .un-tionality an" the a$ility tosatis.y the nee"s an" a-hiee realisti- goals8

=ometimes t(e client esta'lis(es an ieal sel or !oalst(at are too (i!( +it(out measurin! a'ilit#" Ini&iuals

+(o eel t(emsel&es close to t(e ieal sel realit# (a&e(i!( sel-esteem0 +(ereas ini&iuals +(o eel t(erealit# o (is lie ar rom ieal (e +oul eel ineriorTa#lor0 9ilian an 9emone0 56634" *ense o. personal i"entity that is -lear an"

in-rease" integrity8Clients +(o e:perience personal ientit# !an!!ua'usuall# o not (a&e t(e sel-confence an lo+ selesteem e:perience"


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THAN YOU

Concept and Theory Communication and Therapeutic Communication

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