Computer Science 194-23 The Art and Science of Digital Photography Lecture 9: Digital Cameras, continued April 8, 2013 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Staff email: [email protected] 1
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Computer Science 194-23The Art and Science of Digital Photography
Lecture 9: Digital Cameras, continuedApril 8, 2013
[email protected]@[email protected]
Staff email: [email protected]
1
Review Focal Length and Perspective
2
Image from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crop_factor
Review Sensor & Pixel Sizes
3
1/2.5” APS-C (SLR-sized)6 MP 6 MP
24mm
16mm
7mm
5mm
Review Depth of Field
4
Image from http://www.clarkvision.com/photoinfo/dof_myth/
Review Full capacity of pixels at ISOs
5
100 200 400 800
Digital Cameras Sensors
6
Active Pixel Sensors
CMOS
JFET LBCAST
CCD
Passive Pixel Sensors
Sensors Pixel Size
7
Sensors Pixels
8
Image from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_pixel_sensor
(Light)
Sensors Microlens
9
Image from Eastman Kodak, from http://www.luminous-landscape.com/essays/kodak-iss.shtml
Sensors Color Filter Arrays
10
Image from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayer_filter
Color Filter Arrays Bayer Filter
11
Image from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayer_filter
Color Filter Arrays Demosaicing
12
Images from http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/sensors.htm
Sensors Foveon X3
13
Image from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foveon_X3_sensor
Sensors Foveon X3
14
Images from http://www.ddisoftware.com/sd14-5d/
Sensors Low-Pass (Anti-Aliasing) Filter
15
Images from http://www.ddisoftware.com/reviews/sd9-v-bayer/
Foveon Bayer Bayer+LP (AA)
Sensors Fujifilm SuperCCD SR
16
Images from http://www.dpreview.com/news/0301/03012202fujisuperccdsr.asp
Digital Cameras Histograms
Photo by Dan Armendariz, 2009309s, ISO 100
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Digital Cameras Dynamic Range
18
Images from http://www.dpreview.com/learn/?/Glossary/Digital_Imaging/dynamic_range_01.htm
Digital Cameras Dynamic Range
19
Images from http://www.dpreview.com/learn/?/Glossary/Digital_Imaging/dynamic_range_01.htm
Bits and Bytes Refresher
Bit 0 or 1
Byte 8 bits
20
Digital Cameras Analog to Digital Converter (ADC)
21
0.00 V
1.00 V0.55 V
Analog Sensor 8-bit Sampling
255140
0
Digital Output
10001100
Digital Cameras Analog to Digital Converter (ADC)
22
0.00 V
1.00 V0.55 V
Analog Sensor 12-bit Sampling
40952252
0
Digital Output
100011001100
Digital Cameras Sensor Linearity
23
409520481024512...1 stop1 stop1 stop...
Digital Cameras Tonal Curve
24
Images from http://www.covingtoninnovations.com/dslr/Curves.html
Digital Cameras RAW vs JPEG!
25
RAW JPEGBit depth 10-, 12-, 14-bit 8-bit
Tonal Curve Not applied AppliedWhite Balance Not set SetCompression Lossless Lossy
Portability Nonstandard StandardPost-Processing Required Optional
Digital Cameras “Expose to the Right”
26
Image from http://www.guillermoluijk.com/tutorial/dcraw/index_en.htm
Computer Science 194-23The Art and Science of Digital Photography
Lecture 9: Digital Cameras, continuedApril 8, 2013
[email protected]@[email protected]
Staff email: [email protected]
27
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